CN114235615A - Current-carrying friction wear test method - Google Patents
Current-carrying friction wear test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114235615A CN114235615A CN202210042181.9A CN202210042181A CN114235615A CN 114235615 A CN114235615 A CN 114235615A CN 202210042181 A CN202210042181 A CN 202210042181A CN 114235615 A CN114235615 A CN 114235615A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of friction tests and discloses a current-carrying friction wear test method. The current-carrying friction wear test method comprises the following steps: the test specimen is mounted on the clamp assembly after measuring its initial weight. The sample is pulled to move towards the friction disc through the loading assembly and is pressed against the outer edge of the friction disc. And adjusting the friction disc to a set rotating speed. The clamp component drives the sample to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the sample always supports against the outer edge of the friction disc. And a set current is loaded between the test sample and the friction disc through the power supply, the power supply is turned off after a set time, the test sample stops moving, and the friction disc stops rotating. The test specimen was removed from the jig assembly and the wear depth and wear weight of the test specimen were measured. The current-carrying frictional wear test device can truly simulate the friction condition of the test sample and the friction disc under the current-carrying condition by adopting the current-carrying frictional wear test method, thereby realizing the flexible adjustment of the current-carrying frictional wear test device and improving the measurement efficiency and the accuracy of the test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction tests, in particular to a current-carrying friction wear test method.
Background
A pantograph is an electrical device for an electric traction locomotive to obtain electrical energy from a catenary and is generally installed on the top of the locomotive or a bullet train. During high-speed running of the train, the carbon sliding plate of the pantograph continuously rubs against the contact net, and the contact net provides electric energy for the train.
In a conventional frictional wear test, the amount of wear of a test piece is measured by mechanical impact or mechanical friction. And a friction pair in mechanical and electrical coupling is arranged between the carbon sliding plate of the pantograph and the contact net. When a train runs at a high speed, the coupling effect of mechanical abrasion and current abrasion can be generated under the influence of factors such as current, frictional abrasion and the like, the frictional abrasion is complex, and effective and accurate measurement is difficult to perform.
Therefore, a current-carrying frictional wear test method is required to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a current-carrying frictional wear test method which is convenient to operate and can accurately measure the wear loss of a sample under a current-carrying condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a current-carrying frictional wear test method is used for a current-carrying frictional wear test device, and the current-carrying frictional wear test device comprises a machine table, a friction disc, a clamp assembly, a loading assembly and a power supply; the current-carrying frictional wear test method comprises the following steps:
measuring the initial weight of the sample and then mounting the sample on the clamp assembly;
the loading assembly pulls the test sample to move towards the friction disc and is pressed against the outer edge of the friction disc;
adjusting the friction disc to a set rotation speed;
the clamp assembly drives the test sample to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the test sample always abuts against the outer edge of the friction disc;
loading a set current between the test sample and the friction disc through the power supply, turning off the power supply after a set time, stopping the test sample from moving, and stopping the friction disc from rotating;
the test specimen was removed from the jig assembly and the wear depth and wear weight of the test specimen were measured.
Further, the clamp assembly comprises a clamp support and a clamp, and the clamp is detachably mounted on the clamp support after the sample is clamped by the clamp.
Furthermore, the loading assembly comprises a fixed pulley, a hanging strip and a gravity block, the fixed pulley is fixedly arranged at the outer edge of the machine table, and the hanging strip is wound on the fixed pulley and connected with the clamp bracket; hanging the gravity block of a predetermined weight on the sling to pull the clamp bracket through the sling.
Furthermore, the two fixed pulleys are arranged at the outer edge of the machine table at intervals along the width direction of the clamp support, one hanging strip is wound on the two fixed pulleys respectively, two ends of the hanging strip are connected with the clamp support respectively, and the gravity block is hung at the middle point of the hanging strip.
Further, a diameter of the friction disc is measured, and a linear velocity of an outer rim of the friction disc is adjusted by adjusting a rotational frequency of the friction disc.
Further, the power supply is a current booster, and the loaded set current is adjusted in the range of 0A-500A through the current booster.
Further, water is supplied between the sample and the friction disk to maintain a wet state between the sample and the friction disk.
Furthermore, water is supplied between the test sample and the friction disc through an external water supply pipeline, and the water supply flow of the water supply pipeline is adjustable.
Further, the sample is cooled to room temperature prior to removal of the sample in the fixture assembly.
Further, the set time is 35min to 50 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the current-carrying frictional wear test method provided by the invention, the test sample arranged on the clamp assembly is always in line contact with the outer edge of the friction disc under the action of the loading assembly. The friction disc rotates at a set rotating speed while the test sample reciprocates in the vertical direction, and the power supply can supply current to a friction pair of the test sample and the friction disc so as to truly simulate the friction condition between a carbon pantograph slide plate and a contact net and accurately measure the wear depth and the wear weight of the test sample under the current-carrying condition. In addition, the abrasion depth and the abrasion weight of the sample can be measured when different speeds are coupled with different currents by adjusting the rotating speed of the friction disc and the current of the power supply, so that the current-carrying frictional abrasion test device can be flexibly adjusted, is simple and convenient to operate, and is favorable for improving the accuracy and the measuring efficiency of a measuring result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current-carrying frictional wear test apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main flow chart of a current-carrying frictional wear test method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture support provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The component names and designations in the drawings are as follows:
1. a machine platform; 2. a friction disk; 3. a clamp assembly; 31. a clamp; 311. a card slot; 312. a first through hole; 32. a clamp bracket; 321. a side arm; 3211. a first mounting hole; 3212. a second mounting hole; 322. a cross arm; 3221. a clamping head; 3222. a second through hole; 323. accommodating grooves; 33. a carrier plate; 34. a slide rail; 35. jacking a support; 36. a slider; 4. loading the component; 41. a fixed pulley; 42. a sling; 43. a gravity block; 44. a substrate; 441. mounting grooves; 45. a pulley yoke; 5. a reinforcing plate; 51. positioning holes; 6. a coupling is provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
When the train runs at a high speed, a mechanical and electrical coupling friction pair is arranged between the carbon pantograph slide plate and the overhead contact system. Under the influence of factors such as current, frictional wear and the like, a coupling effect of mechanical wear and current wear can be generated, the frictional wear is complex, and effective and accurate measurement is difficult to perform.
In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment discloses a current-carrying frictional wear test method, which is used in a current-carrying frictional wear test device and is mainly used for simulating a wear condition of a mechanical and electrical coupling friction pair between a carbon pantograph slider and a contact network so as to verify a wear amount of the carbon slider under different currents and different operating speeds, where the wear amount includes a wear depth and a wear weight of a sample. Of course, the current-carrying frictional wear test method may also be used for measuring the wear amount of samples made of other different materials, and is not particularly limited herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the current-carrying frictional wear test device includes a machine table 1, a friction disc 2, a clamp assembly 3, a loading assembly 4 and a power supply. The friction disc 2 is rotatably arranged on the machine table 1, and the rotating speed of the friction disc 2 is adjustable. The clamp assembly 3 comprises a clamp 31 for clamping a sample to be tested, and the clamp 31 and the sample can move back and forth in the vertical direction relative to the machine table 1. The loading component 4 is arranged on the machine table 1, and the loading component 4 can enable the sample to be pressed against the outer edge of the friction disc 2, so that the sample is in line contact with the friction disc 2. One of the sample and the friction disk 2 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of a power supply, and the other is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power supply. The current-carrying frictional wear test device can truly simulate the wear condition of a test sample in a mechanical and electrical coupling friction pair by adopting a current-carrying frictional wear test method so as to accurately measure the wear condition of the test sample.
As shown in fig. 2, the current-carrying frictional wear test method includes the following steps:
the initial weight of the sample is measured and the sample is mounted on the jig assembly 3.
The sample is pulled by the loading assembly 4 towards the friction disc 2 and against the outer edge of the friction disc 2.
The friction discs 2 are adjusted to a set rotational speed.
The clamp component 3 drives the sample to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the sample always supports against the outer edge of the friction disc 2.
A set current is applied between the test sample and the friction disc 2 through a power supply, the power supply is turned off after a set time, the test sample stops moving, and the friction disc 2 stops rotating.
The test piece was removed from the jig assembly 3, and the wear depth and wear weight of the test piece were measured.
The abrasion weight of the sample can be obtained by measuring the weight of the sample after the current-carrying frictional abrasion test and making a difference with the initial weight of the sample. Specifically, the initial weight and the post-test weight of the sample can be accurately weighed by a balance scale to obtain a wear weight with high accuracy.
During a specific test, the test sample mounted on the clamp assembly 3 is always in line contact with the outer edge of the friction disc 2 under the action of the loading assembly 4. The friction disk 2 has set for the rotational speed rotation when sample along vertical direction reciprocating motion, and the power can let in the electric current to the sample and the friction pair of friction disk 2 simultaneously to the friction condition between real simulation pantograph carbon slide and the contact net, thereby the wearing and tearing volume of sample under the accurate measurement current-carrying condition. In addition, the abrasion loss of the sample can be measured when different speeds are coupled with different currents by adjusting the rotating speed of the friction disc 2 and the current of the power supply, so that the current-carrying frictional abrasion test device can be flexibly adjusted, the operation is simple and convenient, and the measurement efficiency and the accuracy of the test result can be improved.
The machine table 1 of the embodiment is a marble table top, has the characteristics of high rigidity, good hardness and the like, and can provide a stable test platform for a current-carrying frictional wear test.
As shown in fig. 1, the fixture assembly 3 further includes a fixture support 32 and a first driving member, after the fixture 31 clamps the sample, the fixture 31 is detachably mounted on the fixture support 32, and the first driving member is in transmission connection with the fixture support 32, so that the fixture support 32 and the fixture 31 reciprocate in the vertical direction, thereby constantly changing the contact position between the sample and the friction disc 2, and truly simulating the contact condition between the carbon sliding plate of the pantograph and the overhead contact system. It should be noted that, the size and the structure of the clamp 31 can be flexibly adjusted according to the clamping requirement of the sample, so that the universality of the current-carrying frictional wear test device is improved. The clamp 31 may clamp the sample by clamping or bonding, and is not limited in this regard.
Specifically, the clamp bracket 32 and the clamp 31 are detachably connected by a bolt, so that the clamp bracket 32 and the clamp 31 have high connection strength and good stability. And simultaneously, the disassembly and assembly operation of the clamp 31 is convenient.
After the clamp 31 and the clamp bracket 32 are fixed together, the loading assembly 4 presses the sample against the outer edge of the friction disc 2 by pulling the clamp bracket 32, so as to keep the sample in stable contact with the friction disc 2. When different-sized test samples are tested, the distance between the clamp 31 and the clamp bracket 32 relative to the friction disc 2 needs to be adjusted so that the different-sized test samples can always keep line contact with the outer edge of the friction disc 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the clamp assembly 3 further includes a bearing plate 33 and a slide rail 34, and the clamp bracket 32 is disposed on the bearing plate 33. The slide rail 34 extends along a first direction (left and right directions in the figure) and is arranged on the bearing plate 33, and the clamp bracket 32 can slide on the slide rail 34 to change the distance between the clamp bracket 32 and the friction disc 2 so as to adapt to samples with different sizes, thereby improving the universality and application range of the current-carrying friction wear test device.
Specifically, two slide rails 34 are laid on the bearing plate 33 at intervals in the front-rear direction to improve the stability of the clamp bracket 32 in the sliding process. The loading board 33 of this embodiment includes mainboard and riser, and mainboard and riser link to each other and form the L type, and slide rail 34 sets up on the riser. Be provided with the gusset between mainboard and the riser to improve the joint strength between mainboard and the riser, thereby improve the structural strength of loading board 33.
As shown in fig. 1, the clamping assembly 3 further includes a jacking bracket 35 and a sliding block 36, and the jacking bracket 35 is disposed on the machine table 1 along the vertical direction. The output end of the first driving member is connected to the carrier plate 33 through the slider 36. The first driving member of this embodiment is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor drives the loading plate 33 and the fixture 31 and the sample on the loading plate 33 to reciprocate along the vertical direction in a screw nut manner. The stepping motor is installed on the jacking bracket 35, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod is rotatably installed on the jacking bracket 35 and is in threaded connection with the sliding block 36. The slide block 36 is connected with the vertical plate on the bearing plate 33 through a bolt.
When the stepping motor rotates forward, the slider 36 moves upward along the screw rod, so that the carrier plate 33, the jig holder 32, the jig 31, and the sample rise in the vertical direction. When the slide block 36 rises to the right position, the stepping motor rotates reversely, and the slide block 36 moves downwards along the screw rod, so that the bearing plate 33, the clamp bracket 32, the clamp 31 and the sample descend along the vertical direction, the sample moves back and forth along the vertical direction, and the sample is always in line contact with the outer edge of the friction disc 2.
It should be noted that the controller of the stepping motor may be programmed to move the sample back and forth between the two extreme positions in the vertical direction on the lifting bracket 35, and the time that the sample stays at the two extreme positions may be adjusted. Before the stepping motor is started, the sliding block 36, the bearing plate 33 thereof, the sample and the like can be adjusted to one of the limit positions by rotating a hand wheel or a handle of the stepping motor.
In order to improve the installation strength of the jacking bracket 35, the current-carrying frictional wear test device further comprises a reinforcing plate 5, the reinforcing plate 5 is vertically arranged on the machine table 1, and the side surface of the jacking bracket 35 is connected with the side surface of the reinforcing plate 5. Reinforcing plate 5 can increase jacking support 35's installation intensity, avoids jacking support 35 to take place to rock, has improved current-carrying frictional wear test device's structural strength and stability. Specifically, a plurality of positioning holes 51 are formed in the reinforcing plate 5 of the present embodiment, and the plurality of positioning holes 51 are distributed in the reinforcing plate 5 in an array manner and penetrate through two ends of the reinforcing plate 5 in the left-right direction. Fastening bolt wears to locate in locating hole 51 and with jacking support 35 threaded connection, and bolted connection has improved the joint strength height of jacking support 35 with reinforcing plate 5, and makes things convenient for the dismouting operation of jacking support 35. In addition, the position of the jacking bracket 35 on the reinforcing plate 5 can be flexibly adjusted according to test requirements, and flexible installation of the jacking bracket 35 is realized.
The loading assembly 4 of this embodiment simulates the contact pressure between the pantograph and the contact net through the weight loading mode, thereby making the sample always support and press on the outer fringe of the friction disc 2. The weight loading mode can provide stable pressure value to the friction pair between sample and friction disc 2, avoids appearing the pressure oscillation between the friction pair, has guaranteed the reliable contact of sample and friction disc 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the loading assembly 4 includes a fixed pulley 41, a strap 42, and a weight block 43. The fixed pulley 41 is fixedly disposed on the outer edge of the machine platform 1. The hanging strip 42 is wound around the fixed pulley 41 and connected to the jig support 32, and the weight block 43 of a predetermined weight is hung on the hanging strip 42 to pull the jig support 32 by the hanging strip 42.
Specifically, the strap 42 is a steel wire rope and does not elastically deform. The gravity block 43 is a weight, and an operator can quickly obtain the pressure value of pressure according to the standard weight and the number of the weight. The hanging strip 42 is bound on the clamp bracket 32, the weight is hung on one side of the machine platform 1, and stable pressure is applied to the clamp bracket 32 through the hanging strip 42, so that the clamp bracket 32 is pulled to move along the slide rail 34 towards the friction disc 2.
In order to ensure the stress balance of the clamp support 32, two fixed pulleys 41 are arranged, the two fixed pulleys 41 are arranged at the outer edge of the machine table 1 at intervals along the width direction (the front-back direction in the figure) of the clamp support 32, one hanging strip 42 is respectively wound on the two fixed pulleys 41, the two ends of the hanging strip 42 are respectively connected with the clamp support 32, and the gravity block 43 is hung at the middle point of the hanging strip 42, so that the loading assembly 4 forms a symmetrical structure, the pulling forces of the hanging strips 42 wound on the two fixed pulleys 41 are the same, the pressure value of a friction pair between a sample and the friction disc 2 can be obtained without analyzing the stress of the clamp support 32, and the calculation process is simplified.
As shown in fig. 1, the loading assembly 4 further includes a base plate 44 and a pulley frame 45, wherein the base plate 44 is mounted on the outer edge of the machine platform 1 and extends out of the machine platform 1. The base plate 44 is provided with mounting grooves 441 in the front-rear direction. The fixed pulley 41 is mounted on the base plate 44 via a pulley frame 45. The fixed pulleys 41 are rotatably mounted on the corresponding pulley frames 45, and the pulley frames 45 are fixedly mounted on the base plate 44 through the mounting grooves 441.
As shown in fig. 1, the current-carrying frictional wear test device further includes a second driving member, a frequency converter and a coupler 6, wherein an output end of the second driving member is connected to the friction disc 2 through the coupler 6 to drive the friction disc 2 to rotate. Meanwhile, the rotating speed of the friction disc 2 is adjusted through the frequency converter, so that the running speed of the train is simulated.
Specifically, the diameter d of the friction disc 2 is measured, and the linear velocity of the outer edge of the friction disc 2 is adjusted by adjusting the rotational frequency of the friction disc 2. The second driving piece of this embodiment is servo motor, has higher control accuracy, and the volume is less, is convenient for install and use. The rotational frequency of the output shaft of the second drive member, and thus of the friction disc 2, is adjusted by means of the frequency converter.
It should be noted that since the experimental process needs to be performed under current-carrying conditions, the second driving member needs to be insulated. The coupling 6 can therefore be made of an insulating bakelite material in order to achieve a good insulation between the friction disc 2 and the second drive member.
The power supply of this embodiment is a current booster, and the loaded set current is adjusted in the range of 0A to 500A by the current booster. Specifically, the positive and negative terminals of the current booster are electrically connected with the sample and the friction disc 2 respectively, so as to supply a specified current between the friction pairs. In the test, the current booster was turned on, the current was increased by rotating the knob of the current booster to adjust the current value to about 300A, and the current value was unstable due to the generation of an arc at the friction pair, and thus the current value was allowed to fluctuate within a certain range.
In order to simulate the wear of the friction pair between the carbon slide plate of the pantograph and the catenary during rainfall, water is supplied between the sample and the friction disk 2 so as to maintain the wet state between the sample and the friction disk 2.
Water is supplied between the sample and the friction disk 2 through an external water supply line, and the water supply flow rate of the water supply line is adjustable. The fixture 31 is provided with a water injection hole which can be communicated with a water supply pipeline. Specifically, the water supply pipeline communicates with outside water source to through the water filling hole drippage or spout to between sample and the friction disk 2 with water, thereby the wearing and tearing condition of carbon slide under the simulation humid environment has improved the experimental degree of accuracy of frictional wear under the current-carrying condition. It can be understood that a valve is additionally arranged on the water supply pipeline to adjust the flow in the water supply pipeline, so that the lubricating degree of the sample is adjusted.
The setting time for carrying out the current-carrying friction and wear test is 35-50 min, so that sufficient friction between the test sample and the friction disc 2 is ensured, the test sample has larger wear loss, and subsequent measurement is facilitated. The set time for the current-carrying frictional wear test of this example was 45 min. Of course, the setting time of the current-carrying frictional wear test can also be 35min, 38min, 40min, 48min or 50min and the like.
When the current-carrying frictional wear test is just completed, the temperature of the sample and the friction disc 2 is high under the action of friction, so that the sample expands due to heating and the volume slightly increases. Therefore, before the sample is taken out of the clamp assembly 3, the sample is cooled to room temperature, so that the measurement error is avoided, and the accuracy of the measurement result is improved.
In the embodiment, after standing for a period of time at room temperature, the sample can keep consistent with the ambient temperature, and the operation of a tester is not needed, so that the method is simple and easy. Of course, the sample may be physically cooled by a cooling device such as a fan, so as to improve the cooling efficiency of the sample.
As shown in fig. 3, the clamp bracket 32 is U-shaped, and includes two side arms 321 and a cross arm 322, and two ends of the cross arm 322 are respectively connected to the two side arms 321 and enclose a receiving groove 323. The fixture 31 is detachably arranged on the cross arm 322, and at least part of the friction disc 2 is located in the accommodating groove 323, so that the structural distribution on the machine table 1 is more compact, and the occupied space of the current-carrying friction and wear test device is favorably reduced.
Specifically, the two side arms 321 are slidably engaged with the corresponding slide rails 34 through the transition blocks. Each side arm 321 is provided with a first mounting hole 3211, and a fastening bolt penetrates through the first mounting hole 3211 and is in threaded connection with the transition block.
The two fixed pulleys 41 are disposed opposite to the side arms 321, respectively, so that both ends of the hanging belt 42 are fastened to the side arms 321, respectively. The tip of side arm 321 of this embodiment is formed with and dodges the groove, all sets up two second mounting hole 3212 of coaxial setting on every side arm 321, and two second mounting holes 3212 run through respectively and dodge the lateral wall in groove. The pin shaft can sequentially penetrate through the two coaxially arranged second mounting holes 3212. The ends of the straps 42 are tied to the pins.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second through hole 3222 is opened in the cross arm 322 of the jig holder 32, the first through hole 312 is opened in the jig 31, and a bolt is inserted into the second through hole 3222 and is screwed into the first through hole 312.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cross arm 322 is recessed toward a direction away from the friction disc 2 to form a clamping head 3221, the clamp 31 is correspondingly provided with a clamping groove 311, and the clamping head 3221 is clamped in the clamping groove 311. The clamp 31 of this embodiment is substantially circular arc-shaped, the clamp 31 is provided with a circular arc-shaped slot 311, the clamping head 3221 is correspondingly a circular arc segment, and the radians of the clamping head 3221 and the slot 311 are the same. When the clamp 31 and the clamp holder 32 are mounted, the clamp 31 is firstly clamped on the clamping head 3221 of the cross arm 322 to realize coarse positioning of the clamp 31, then the relative position of the clamp 31 on the clamping head 3221 is adjusted to enable the first through hole 312 and the second through hole 3222 to be coaxial, and finally the clamp 31 and the clamp holder 32 are mounted together through bolts.
For convenience of understanding, the abrasion loss of the carbon sliding plate when the running speed of the train is 80km/h is taken as an example for explanation, and based on the current-carrying frictional abrasion test device, the current-carrying frictional abrasion test process of the embodiment is as follows:
in the first step, the weight of the sample before the test was weighed with balance and the data was recorded.
In the second step, the fixture 31 is mounted to the fixture holder 32 after the fixture 31 has clamped the sample.
In a third step, the first driving member is turned on, so that the sliding block 36 reciprocates at 21.875mm/s, and the distance between two extreme positions of the sliding block 36 on the jacking bracket 35 in the vertical direction is 30 mm.
Fourthly, the diameter of the friction disc 2 is measured to obtain the diameter of 140mm, and the linear velocity of the outer edge (friction pair) of the friction disc 2 is 80km/h by adjusting the rotation frequency of the second driving member to 50.53 Hz.
And fifthly, hooking a weight on the hanging strip 42, wherein the total weight of the weight is 70N.
And sixthly, opening the current booster, rotating the knob to increase the current, and adjusting the current value to about 300A.
And seventhly, opening a water supply pipeline on the clamp 31 to enable water to drop on the friction pair, and adjusting a valve body on the water supply pipeline to adjust the supply amount of water of the friction pair in unit time.
And step eight, finishing the test after the test is carried out for 45min, taking down the test sample after the test sample is cooled to room temperature, measuring the wear depth of the test sample by using a depth meter, measuring the wear mass of the test sample by using a balance, and obtaining the wear condition of the test sample.
The current-carrying frictional wear test device of this embodiment can change pressure value, linear velocity and the electric arc size of friction pair department in a flexible way, and the accuracy of experimental result has greatly been improved to the friction condition between the carbon slide of true simulation pantograph and the contact net.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A current-carrying frictional wear test method is used for a current-carrying frictional wear test device, and the current-carrying frictional wear test device comprises a machine table (1), a friction disc (2), a clamp assembly (3), a loading assembly (4) and a power supply; the current-carrying friction and wear test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after measuring the initial weight of the sample, mounting the sample on the clamp assembly (3);
the sample is pulled to move towards the friction disc (2) through the loading component (4) and is pressed against the outer edge of the friction disc (2);
adjusting the friction disc (2) to a set rotation speed;
the clamp assembly (3) drives the test sample to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the test sample is always pressed against the outer edge of the friction disc (2);
a set current is loaded between the test sample and the friction disc (2) through the power supply, the power supply is turned off after a set time, the test sample stops moving, and the friction disc (2) stops rotating;
the test piece is removed from the jig assembly (3), and the wear depth and wear weight of the test piece are measured.
2. The current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 1, wherein the jig assembly (3) comprises a jig holder (32) and a jig (31), and after the specimen is clamped by the jig (31), the jig (31) is detachably mounted on the jig holder (32).
3. The current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 2, wherein the loading assembly (4) comprises a fixed pulley (41), a hanging strip (42) and a gravity block (43), the fixed pulley (41) is fixedly arranged at the outer edge of the machine table (1), and the hanging strip (42) is wound on the fixed pulley (41) and connected with the clamp bracket (32); hanging the weight block (43) of a predetermined weight on the hanging strip (42) to pull the clamp bracket (32) by the hanging strip (42).
4. The current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 3, wherein two fixed pulleys (41) are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the machine table (1) along the width direction of the clamp support (32), one hanging strip (42) is respectively wound on the two fixed pulleys (41), two ends of the hanging strip (42) are respectively connected with the clamp support (32), and the gravity block (43) is hung at the middle point of the hanging strip (42).
5. Current carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the friction disc (2) is measured and the linear velocity of the outer rim of the friction disc (2) is adjusted by adjusting the rotational frequency of the friction disc (2).
6. The current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 1, wherein the power source is a current booster by which the set current to be applied is adjusted in a range of 0A to 500A.
7. A current-carrying frictional wear test method as set forth in claim 1 wherein water is supplied between said test specimen and said friction disc (2) to maintain a wet condition between said test specimen and said friction disc (2).
8. Current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 7, characterized in that water is supplied between the test specimen and the friction disc (2) through an external water supply line, and the water supply line is adjustable in water supply flow rate.
9. Current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specimen is cooled to room temperature before being taken out of the jig assembly (3).
10. The current-carrying frictional wear test method according to claim 1, wherein the set time is 35 to 50 min.
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| CN202210042181.9A CN114235615A (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Current-carrying friction wear test method |
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