CN211402088U

CN211402088U - Reciprocating type mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device

Info

Publication number: CN211402088U
Application number: CN201922141443.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐江涛; 张志辉; 谢海量; 袁洪方; 李秀娟; 夏晓东; 田辛亮; 孙会彬; 田宏丽; 丛旭; 刘凯; 李茂�; 苏肇明
Original assignee: Jilin University
Current assignee: Jilin University
Priority date: 2019-12-04
Filing date: 2019-12-04
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-04

Abstract

A reciprocating mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device belongs to the technical field of mechanical friction detection, and the utility model adopts a driving mode of a reciprocating screw rod, so that the whole process running speed is stable; because the experiment table moves in a reciprocating mode, the speeds of all points rubbed by the tested sample are consistent; the friction force measurement method has the advantages that the friction force measurement result is high in precision by adopting a mutual compensation mode of the force sensor and the acceleration sensor; the pressure loading mechanism is controlled by a motor lead screw module, and is fed back by a force sensor in real time, and the weights of a chuck, a sample and the like below the force sensor are all removed before an experiment, so that accurate loading can be realized; the friction mechanical characteristics, the wearing condition, the temperature and the stress change condition of different samples can be rapidly, accurately and real-timely monitored and detected by replacing different friction plates.

Description

Reciprocating type mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical friction detects, concretely relates to reciprocating type mechanical friction interface normal position information acquisition device.

Background

Tribology is the science of studying the interaction between surfaces during relative motion of objects. It is a cross discipline and relates to the fields of machinery, physics, chemistry and the like. The changes in surface topography, surface composition and structure caused by friction are very complex. Due to the diversity of surface properties, material types, lubrication conditions, and environmental atmosphere effects, the friction interface changes rapidly with time during the experiment, and therefore, immediate in-situ analysis of the friction contact surface is required.

Most of the existing friction test instruments are carried out on a rotating friction sheet, so that the linear speeds of the friction of different positions of a sample are inconsistent, and the speeds have great influence on the abrasion condition. And the current friction wear measuring instrument can not realize the real-time information acquisition and analysis.

In summary, the development of the mechanical friction detection technology urgently needs a reciprocating mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device, which can accurately and rapidly test the friction mechanics and wear characteristics of the tested sample. The reciprocating type mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device is designed and developed, and has important significance and practical application value.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a reciprocating type mechanical friction interface normal position information acquisition device, the friction mechanics characteristic and the wear characteristic of the different samples of accurate test fast.

The utility model consists of a test bed base A, a power mechanism B, a friction mechanism C, a side monitoring device D, a loading device E and a bottom surface monitoring device F, wherein the power mechanism B is fixedly connected on the rear part of a bottom plate 1 of the test bed base A through a bearing seat I14, a bearing seat II 20 and a transverse plate 11 of a bracket 10; the lower part of a guide rail I31 of the friction mechanism C is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate II 8 of the experiment table base A, and the lower part of a guide rail II 32 of the friction mechanism C is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate I2 of the experiment table base A; a high-speed camera I38 of the side monitoring device D is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left front part of a flat plate II 6 in the experiment table base A through a transverse plate of a bracket I37, and an infrared thermal imager 41 of the side monitoring device D is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right rear part of the flat plate II 6 in the experiment table base A through a vertical rod 39; the loading device E is fixedly connected to the back of the neutral plate I5 of the experiment table base A through the front of the base 54; the dull and stereotyped rigid coupling of mounting bracket II 57 in bottom surface monitoring devices F is in the anterior of base plate 1 in laboratory bench base A, and is located the center between U-shaped board I2 and the U-shaped board II 8 in laboratory bench base A, and the camera lens of high-speed camera II 56 in bottom surface monitoring devices F is up, just to the bar hole 30 of friction disc 26 in the friction mechanism C.

The experiment table base A consists of a bottom plate 1, a U-shaped plate I2, a side plate I3, a flat plate I4, a vertical plate I5, a flat plate II 6, a side plate II 7 and a U-shaped plate II 8, wherein the U-shaped plate I2 is fixedly connected to the right rear part of the bottom plate 1; the lower end of the side plate I3 is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the bottom plate 1, which is close to the rear part; the right end of the flat plate I4 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side plate I3 at a right angle, and the lower end of the vertical plate I5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the flat plate I4; the flat plate II 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side plate II 7 in a T shape; the lower end of the side plate II 7 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the bottom plate 1, which is close to the rear part; the U-shaped plate II 8 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the bottom plate 1.

The power mechanism B consists of a motor 9, a support 10, an elastic coupling 13, a bearing seat I14, a screw shaft 16, a sliding block 18, a bearing seat II 20, a bearing I15 and a bearing II 21, wherein the support 10 is a right-angle support consisting of a vertical plate II 12 and a transverse plate 11, the motor 9 is fixedly connected in front of the vertical plate II 12 of the support 10, and the output end of the motor 9 is fixedly connected with the front end of the elastic coupling 13; a central threaded hole 17 and a flat plate 19 are arranged on the sliding block 18, and the central threaded hole 17 of the sliding block 18 is in threaded connection with the middle part of the screw shaft 16; the rear end of the lead screw shaft 16 is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing II 21 of the bearing seat II 20, the middle of the lead screw shaft 16 is in threaded connection with the central threaded hole of the sliding block 18, the front end of the lead screw shaft 16, which is close to the bearing I15 of the bearing seat I14, is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing I14, and the front end of the lead screw shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the elastic coupling 13.

The friction mechanism C consists of a connecting piece I22, a force sensor I23, a connecting piece II 24, a friction plate 26, a right longitudinal plate 28, a left longitudinal plate 27, a rear transverse plate 25, an acceleration sensor 29, a guide rail I31, a guide rail II 32, a sliding block I33, a sliding block II 34, a sliding block III 35 and a sliding block IV 36, wherein a left-right strip-shaped hole 30 is formed in the center of the friction plate 26, and transparent glass is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the strip-shaped hole 30 and used for observing the abrasion condition of a sample; the friction plate 26 is fixedly connected between the left vertical plate 27 and the rear transverse plate 25; an acceleration sensor 29 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the right vertical plate 28; a sliding block I33 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the front, and a sliding block II 34 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the rear; a slide block III 35 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the right longitudinal plate 28 close to the front, and a slide block IV 36 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the rear; the sliding block I33 and the sliding block II 34 are in sliding connection with the guide rail II 32, and the sliding block III 35 and the sliding block IV 36 are in sliding connection with the guide rail I31; the rear ends of the right longitudinal plate 28 and the left longitudinal plate 27 are fixedly connected with a rear transverse plate 25, the connecting piece I22, the force sensor I23 and the connecting piece II 24 are sequentially arranged from back to front and fixedly connected, and the front end of the connecting piece I22 is fixedly connected with the rear center of the rear transverse plate 25.

The side monitoring device D comprises a support I37, a high-speed camera I38, an upright post 39, a support II 40 and an infrared thermal imager 41, wherein the support I37 is a right-angle plate consisting of a vertical plate and a transverse plate, and the high-speed camera I38 is fixedly connected with the vertical plate of the support I37; the infrared thermal imager 41 is fixedly connected to the left side of the bracket II 40, and the upright rod 39 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the bracket II 40.

The loading device E consists of a chuck 42, a chuck connecting rod 43, a force sensor II 44, a loading rod 45, a nut I47, a connecting plate 48, a sliding table 49, a lead screw 50, a motor II 51 and a base 54, wherein a perforated plate pair 46 is fixedly connected to the right of the rear of the connecting plate 48, and a sliding table 49 is fixedly connected to the left of the front of the connecting plate 48; the base 54 is composed of an upper plate 52, a lower plate 55 and a rear plate 53, the motor II 51 is fixedly connected to the upper plate 52 of the base 54, the upper end of the screw rod 50 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor II 51, the middle part of the screw rod 50 is in threaded connection with a central threaded hole of the sliding table 49, and the bottom end of the screw rod 50 is movably connected with the center of the lower plate 55 of the base 54; the chuck 42, the chuck connecting rod 43, the force sensor II 44 and the loading rod 45 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and fixedly connected, and the upper part of the loading rod 45 penetrates through the perforated plate pair 46 of the connecting plate 48 and is fixedly connected through the nut I47.

The bottom surface monitoring device F is composed of a high-speed camera II 56 and an installation frame II 57, the installation frame II 57 is a right-angle plate composed of a vertical plate and a flat plate, and the high-speed camera II 56 is fixedly connected to the back of the vertical plate of the installation frame II 57.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: before the experiment, the total weight of the reciprocating component friction plate mounting plate connecting piece 24, the sliding blocks I33, the sliding blocks II 34, the sliding blocks III 35, the sliding blocks IV 36, the friction plates 26, the friction plate mounting plate 24, the acceleration sensor 29 and the like connected to the rear section of the force sensor I23 needs to be measured. When the experiment is started, the friction sample is arranged on the chuck 42, the current reading is read by the force sensor II 44, the loading value is adjusted to be zero, then the load is increased through the motor lead screw module until the reading of the force sensor II 44 reaches the specified value, and the signal of the force sensor II 44 is used for feedback adjustment of the control of the motor lead screw module on the load. Then, the motor 9 is started according to the speed required by the experiment to drive the reciprocating screw shaft 16 to rotate, so that the slide block 18 reciprocates, and further the reciprocating screw-block connecting piece 22 is driven to reciprocate, so that the friction plate mounting plate connecting piece 24, the friction plate 26, the friction plate mounting plate and other parts reciprocate. Meanwhile, the force sensor I23 measures the change of force in the friction process, the acceleration sensor 29 measures the change of acceleration in the whole process, and the influence of inertia force on the measurement result of the force sensor I23 can be calculated according to the sum of the weights of the reciprocating parts connected to the back of the force sensor I23 measured before the experiment, so that accurate friction force change data in the friction process can be obtained. In the experimental process, a high-speed camera I38 and a high-speed camera II 56 are used for shooting the abrasion condition of the sample from the side surface and the lower surface respectively; the infrared imager 41 monitors the temperature distribution of the sample in real time.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the friction mechanical property and the wear property of different samples can be quickly and accurately tested by replacing different friction plates; the friction mechanical property, the abrasion condition, the temperature and the stress change condition of the sample can be monitored in real time; because of reciprocating friction, the speeds of all points rubbed by the tested sample are consistent; the driving mode of a reciprocating screw rod is adopted, so that the speed is stable; and the friction force measurement result has high precision by adopting a mutual compensation mode of the force sensor and the acceleration sensor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view (left rear view) of a reciprocating mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device

FIG. 2 is an axonometric view of the reciprocating type mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device (right front)

FIG. 3 is an isometric view with the friction plate and friction plate mounting plate removed (right front view)

FIG. 4 is an axonometric view of the base A of the bench (left rear view)

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of power mechanism B (left rear direction)

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the friction mechanism C (left rear view)

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of friction mechanism C (right front view)

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of side monitoring device D (right front view)

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of a loading unit E (right front view)

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of the loading unit E (right front view)

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of a bottom monitor F (right front view)

Wherein: A. the experiment table base B, the power mechanism C, the friction mechanism D, the side monitoring device E, the loading device F, the bottom monitoring device 1, the bottom plate 2, the U-shaped plate I3, the side plate I4, the flat plate I5, the vertical plate I6, the U-shaped plate II 7, the flat plate II 8, the side plate II 9, the motor 10, the motor support 11, the transverse plate 12, the vertical plate II 13, the elastic coupling 14, the bearing seat I15, the bearing I16, the reciprocating screw shaft 17, the central threaded hole 18, the sliding block 19, the flat plate 20, the bearing seat II 21, the bearing II 22, the reciprocating screw sliding block connecting piece I23, the force sensor I24, the friction plate mounting plate connecting piece II 25, the rear transverse plate 26, the friction plate 27, the left longitudinal plate 28, the right longitudinal plate 29, the acceleration sensor 30, the guide rail I32, the guide rail II 33, the sliding block I34, the sliding block II 35. High-speed camera I39, upright rod 40, bracket II 41, infrared thermal imager 42, chuck 43, chuck connecting rod 44, force sensor II 45, loading rod 46, perforated plate pair 47, nut I48, sliding table connecting plate 49, sliding table 50, lead screw 51, stepping motor II 52, upper plate 53, rear plate 54, motor lead screw module base 55, lower plate 56, high-speed camera II 57, high-speed camera mounting bracket II

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model comprises a test bed base a, a power mechanism B, a friction mechanism C, a side monitoring device D, a loading device E and a bottom surface monitoring device F, wherein the power mechanism B is fixedly connected to the rear part of the bottom plate 1 of the test bed base a through a bearing seat i 14, a bearing seat ii 20 and a transverse plate 11 of a bracket 10; the lower part of a guide rail I31 of the friction mechanism C is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate II 8 of the experiment table base A, and the lower part of a guide rail II 32 of the friction mechanism C is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate I2 of the experiment table base A; a high-speed camera I38 of the side monitoring device D is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left front part of a flat plate II 6 in the experiment table base A through a transverse plate of a bracket I37, and an infrared thermal imager 41 of the side monitoring device D is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right rear part of the flat plate II 6 in the experiment table base A through a vertical rod 39; the loading device E is fixedly connected to the back of the neutral plate I5 of the experiment table base A through the front of the base 54; the dull and stereotyped rigid coupling of mounting bracket II 57 in bottom surface monitoring devices F is in the anterior of base plate 1 in laboratory bench base A, and is located the center between U-shaped board I2 and the U-shaped board II 8 in laboratory bench base A, and the camera lens of high-speed camera II 56 in bottom surface monitoring devices F is up, just to the bar hole 30 of friction disc 26 in the friction mechanism C.

As shown in fig. 4, the experiment table base a is composed of a bottom plate 1, a U-shaped plate i 2, a side plate i 3, a flat plate i 4, a vertical plate i 5, a flat plate ii 6, a side plate ii 7 and a U-shaped plate ii 8, wherein the U-shaped plate i 2 is fixedly connected to the right rear portion of the bottom plate 1; the lower end of the side plate I3 is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the bottom plate 1, which is close to the rear part; the right end of the flat plate I4 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side plate I3 at a right angle, and the lower end of the vertical plate I5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the flat plate I4; the flat plate II 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side plate II 7 in a T shape; the lower end of the side plate II 7 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the bottom plate 1, which is close to the rear part; the U-shaped plate II 8 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the bottom plate 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the power mechanism B is composed of a motor 9, a support 10, an elastic coupling 13, a bearing seat i 14, a screw shaft 16, a slider 18, a bearing seat ii 20, a bearing i 15 and a bearing ii 21, wherein the support 10 is a right-angle support composed of a vertical plate ii 12 and a transverse plate 11, the motor 9 is fixedly connected in front of the vertical plate ii 12 of the support 10, and an output end of the motor 9 is fixedly connected with a front end of the elastic coupling 13; a central threaded hole 17 and a flat plate 19 are arranged on the sliding block 18, and the central threaded hole 17 of the sliding block 18 is in threaded connection with the middle part of the screw shaft 16; the rear end of the lead screw shaft 16 is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing II 21 of the bearing seat II 20, the middle of the lead screw shaft 16 is in threaded connection with the central threaded hole of the sliding block 18, the front end of the lead screw shaft 16, which is close to the bearing I15 of the bearing seat I14, is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing I14, and the front end of the lead screw shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the elastic coupling 13.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the friction mechanism C is composed of a connecting piece i 22, a force sensor i 23, a connecting piece ii 24, a friction plate 26, a right longitudinal plate 28, a left longitudinal plate 27, a rear transverse plate 25, an acceleration sensor 29, a guide rail i 31, a guide rail ii 32, a slide block i 33, a slide block ii 34, a slide block iii 35 and a slide block iv 36, wherein a left-right strip-shaped hole 30 is formed in the center of the friction plate 26, and transparent glass is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the strip-shaped hole 30 and used for observing the abrasion condition of a sample; the friction plate 26 is fixedly connected between the left vertical plate 27 and the rear transverse plate 25; an acceleration sensor 29 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the right vertical plate 28; a sliding block I33 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the front, and a sliding block II 34 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the rear; a slide block III 35 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the right longitudinal plate 28 close to the front, and a slide block IV 36 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the left longitudinal plate 27 close to the rear; the sliding block I33 and the sliding block II 34 are in sliding connection with the guide rail II 32, and the sliding block III 35 and the sliding block IV 36 are in sliding connection with the guide rail I31; the rear ends of the right longitudinal plate 28 and the left longitudinal plate 27 are fixedly connected with a rear transverse plate 25, the connecting piece I22, the force sensor I23 and the connecting piece II 24 are sequentially arranged from back to front and fixedly connected, and the front end of the connecting piece I22 is fixedly connected with the rear center of the rear transverse plate 25.

As shown in fig. 8, the side monitoring device D comprises a bracket i 37, a high-speed camera i 38, an upright post 39, a bracket ii 40 and an infrared thermal imager 41, wherein the bracket i 37 is a right-angle plate consisting of a vertical plate and a transverse plate, and the high-speed camera i 38 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate of the bracket i 37; the infrared thermal imager 41 is fixedly connected to the left side of the bracket II 40, and the upright rod 39 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the bracket II 40.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the loading device E comprises a chuck 42, a chuck connecting rod 43, a force sensor ii 44, a loading rod 45, a nut i 47, a connecting plate 48, a sliding table 49, a screw rod 50, a motor ii 51 and a base 54, wherein a perforated plate pair 46 is fixedly connected to the rear of the connecting plate 48 close to the right, and the sliding table 49 is fixedly connected to the front of the connecting plate 48 close to the left; the base 54 is composed of an upper plate 52, a lower plate 55 and a rear plate 53, the motor II 51 is fixedly connected to the upper plate 52 of the base 54, the upper end of the screw rod 50 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor II 51, the middle part of the screw rod 50 is in threaded connection with a central threaded hole of the sliding table 49, and the bottom end of the screw rod 50 is movably connected with the center of the lower plate 55 of the base 54; the chuck 42, the chuck connecting rod 43, the force sensor II 44 and the loading rod 45 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and fixedly connected, and the upper part of the loading rod 45 penetrates through the perforated plate pair 46 of the connecting plate 48 and is fixedly connected through the nut I47.

As shown in fig. 11, the bottom surface monitoring device F is composed of a high-speed camera ii 56 and a mounting bracket ii 57, the mounting bracket ii 57 is a right-angle plate composed of a vertical plate and a flat plate, and the high-speed camera ii 56 is fixedly connected to the rear of the vertical plate of the mounting bracket ii 57.

Claims

1. The reciprocating type mechanical friction interface in-situ information acquisition device is characterized in that: the device comprises a laboratory bench base (A), a power mechanism (B), a friction mechanism (C), a side monitoring device (D), a loading device (E) and a bottom surface monitoring device (F), wherein the power mechanism (B) is fixedly connected to the rear part of a bottom plate (1) of the laboratory bench base (A) through a bearing seat I (14), a bearing seat II (20) and a transverse plate (11) of a support (10) on the power mechanism (B); the lower part of a guide rail I (31) of the friction mechanism (C) is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate II (8) of the experiment table base (A), and the lower part of a guide rail II (32) of the friction mechanism (C) is fixedly connected to the upper part of a U-shaped plate I (2) of the experiment table base (A); a high-speed camera I (38) of the side monitoring device (D) is fixedly connected to the upper left front part of a middle flat plate II (6) of the experiment table base (A) through a transverse plate of a support I (37), and an infrared thermal imager (41) of the side monitoring device (D) is fixedly connected to the upper right rear part of the middle flat plate II (6) of the experiment table base (A) through an upright rod (39); the loading device (E) is fixedly connected to the back of the neutral plate I (5) in the experiment table base (A) through the front of the base (54); the flat plate of the mounting rack II (57) in the bottom surface monitoring device (F) is fixedly connected to the front part of the middle bottom plate (1) in the experiment table base (A), and is positioned in the center between the U-shaped plate I (2) and the U-shaped plate II (8) in the experiment table base (A), and the lens of the high-speed camera II (56) in the bottom surface monitoring device (F) faces upwards and is just opposite to the strip-shaped hole (30) of the friction plate (26) in the friction mechanism (C).

2. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the experiment table base (A) is composed of a bottom plate (1), a U-shaped plate I (2), a side plate I (3), a flat plate I (4), a vertical plate I (5), a flat plate II (6), a side plate II (7) and a U-shaped plate II (8), wherein the U-shaped plate I (2) is fixedly connected to the right rear part of the bottom plate (1); the lower end of the side plate I (3) is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the bottom plate (1) close to the rear part; the right end of the flat plate I (4) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side plate I (3) at a right angle, and the lower end of the vertical plate I (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the flat plate I (4); the flat plate II (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side plate II (7) in a T shape; the lower end of the side plate II (7) is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the bottom plate (1) close to the rear part; the U-shaped plate II (8) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the left rear part of the bottom plate (1).

3. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power mechanism (B) consists of a motor (9), a support (10), an elastic coupling (13), a bearing seat I (14), a screw shaft (16), a sliding block (18), a bearing seat II (20), a bearing I (15) and a bearing II (21), wherein the support (10) is a right-angle support consisting of a vertical plate II (12) and a transverse plate (11), the motor (9) is fixedly connected in front of the vertical plate II (12) of the support (10), and the output end of the motor (9) is fixedly connected with the front end of the elastic coupling (13); a central threaded hole (17) and a flat plate (19) are arranged on the sliding block (18), and the central threaded hole (17) of the sliding block (18) is in threaded connection with the middle part of the screw rod shaft (16); the rear end of the lead screw shaft (16) is in interference connection with the inner ring of a bearing II (21) of a bearing seat II (20), the middle of the lead screw shaft (16) is in threaded connection with a central threaded hole of a sliding block (18), the front end of the lead screw shaft (16) close to the bearing I (15) of the bearing seat I (14) is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing I (15), and the front end of the lead screw shaft (16) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the elastic coupling (13).

4. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the friction mechanism (C) is composed of a connecting piece I (22), a force sensor I (23), a connecting piece II (24), a friction plate (26), a right longitudinal plate (28), a left longitudinal plate (27), a rear transverse plate, an acceleration sensor (29), a guide rail I (31), a guide rail II (32), a slide block I (33), a slide block II (34), a slide block III (35) and a slide block IV (36), wherein a left-right strip-shaped hole (30) is formed in the center of the friction plate (26), transparent glass is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the strip-shaped hole (30), and the friction plate (26) is fixedly connected between the left longitudinal plate (27) and the rear transverse plate; an acceleration sensor (29) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the right vertical plate (28); a sliding block I (33) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the left longitudinal plate (27) close to the front, and a sliding block II (34) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the left longitudinal plate (27) close to the rear; a slide block III (35) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the right longitudinal plate (28) close to the front, and a slide block IV (36) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the left longitudinal plate (27) close to the rear; the sliding block I (33) and the sliding block II (34) are in sliding connection with the guide rail II (32), and the sliding block III (35) and the sliding block IV (36) are in sliding connection with the guide rail I (31); the rear ends of the right longitudinal plate (28) and the left longitudinal plate (27) are fixedly connected with a rear transverse plate, the connecting piece I (22), the force sensor I (23) and the connecting piece II (24) are sequentially arranged from back to front and fixedly connected, and the front end of the connecting piece I (22) is fixedly connected with the center of the rear surface of the rear transverse plate.

5. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side monitoring device (D) is composed of a support I (37), a high-speed camera I (38), an upright rod (39), a support II (40) and an infrared thermal imager (41), the support I (37) is a right-angle plate composed of an upright plate and a transverse plate, and the high-speed camera I (38) is fixedly connected to the upright plate of the support I (37); an infrared thermal imager (41) is fixedly connected to the left surface of the bracket II (40), and a vertical rod (39) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bracket II (40).

6. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the loading device (E) consists of a chuck (42), a chuck connecting rod (43), a force sensor II (44), a loading rod (45), a nut I (47), a connecting plate (48), a sliding table (49), a screw rod (50), a motor II (51) and a base (54), wherein a perforated plate pair (46) is fixedly connected to the rear of the connecting plate (48) close to the right, and the sliding table (49) is fixedly connected to the front of the connecting plate (48) close to the left; the base (54) consists of an upper plate (52), a lower plate (55) and a rear plate (53), a motor II (51) is fixedly connected to the upper plate (52) of the base (54), the upper end of a lead screw (50) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor II (51), the middle part of the lead screw (50) is in threaded connection with a central threaded hole of the sliding table (49), and the bottom end of the lead screw (50) is movably connected with the center of the lower plate (55) of the base (54); the chuck (42), the chuck connecting rod (43), the force sensor II (44) and the loading rod (45) are sequentially arranged and fixedly connected from bottom to top, and the upper part of the loading rod (45) penetrates through a perforated plate pair (46) of a connecting plate (48) and is fixedly connected through a nut I (47).

7. The device for acquiring in-situ information of a friction interface of a reciprocating machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface monitoring device (F) is composed of a high-speed camera II (56) and an installation rack II (57), the installation rack II (57) is a right-angle plate composed of a vertical plate and a flat plate, and the high-speed camera II (56) is fixedly connected to the rear of the vertical plate of the installation rack II (57).