CN114233369A - Method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down of well - Google Patents
Method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down of well Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233369A CN114233369A CN202111618868.4A CN202111618868A CN114233369A CN 114233369 A CN114233369 A CN 114233369A CN 202111618868 A CN202111618868 A CN 202111618868A CN 114233369 A CN114233369 A CN 114233369A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 24
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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Abstract
A method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down of a well belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas control, and can solve the problem that accidents of coal and gas outburst are easy to occur at the fault end part and the syncline shaft part of a planned roadway area; drilling holes in corresponding ground positions; modifying a radial well of the drilled hole, relieving stress concentration near the shaft, and communicating original fractures of the coal bed; the fracturing transformation is carried out, and a guiding effect is achieved based on a radial branch of radial well construction; the underground long drill hole is used for drainage, so that the aim of eliminating coal and gas outburst is fulfilled. The method is a positive and active method for predicting and eliminating coal and gas outburst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas control, and particularly relates to a method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down a well.
Background
The coal and gas outburst is a mine power phenomenon caused by dynamic disturbance of a coal body-surrounding rock area power system in mining engineering, and is a natural power disaster seriously threatening the safe production of coal mines in China. The structural stress field in the crust determines the uneven distribution of the outburst in time and space, the ground stress is a core factor influencing the outburst of a mine, and in the outburst process, a large amount of broken coal rock mass containing gas is thrown out to a mining space or a roadway within seconds to tens of seconds, so that underground miners are buried, facility equipment is destroyed, and serious casualties and property loss are caused. The proportion of gas disasters in coal mine accidents is the highest, and the gas disasters are also the greatest.
The scholars at home and abroad develop a large number of physical simulation tests, but the understanding of the coal and gas outburst mechanism cannot be clearly unified. Gas geological practices show that geological structures are the main geological factors for controlling coal and gas outburst accidents. Statistical analysis on coal and gas outburst accidents in China shows that the coal and gas outburst are distributed unevenly in a well field and are concentrated near fault which plays a control role on the whole of a mining area or the well field, wherein the end part and the syncline shaft part of the fault are high-risk sections where the coal and gas outburst accidents occur. Through research and underground construction verification, the end part of the fault is often a ground stress highly concentrated zone, when the fault is extinguished in a coal bed, the fault extinguishing part is often derived and associated structures develop, and the coal body structure is seriously damaged, so that a large amount of high-energy gas is gathered, and conditions are created for coal and gas outburst accidents.
The radial well technology has the advantages of strong orientation capability and long extension distance, and meanwhile, in the radial branch construction process, the injection liquid ceaselessly carries the pulverized coal and the gas to flush out of the ground, so that the radial well technology has the effects of relieving stress concentration near a shaft and communicating original fractures of a coal bed. According to the principle of hydraulic fracturing mechanics, when in fracturing, fracturing fluid firstly enters a bedding or fracture weak surface with larger opening degree, and then a secondary fracture weak surface with smaller opening degree expands until the micro fracture of a coal bed; the fracture weak surfaces of all levels are continuously expanded and extended by the internal pressure effect of the fracturing fluid on the wall surfaces in the fracture weak surfaces, and are communicated with each other to form an interwoven fracture network, so that the flow and seepage increasing capability of a coal bed is realized, and the original high-stress unbalanced distribution condition is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down in a well, aiming at the problem that coal and gas outburst accidents are easily caused at the fault end part and the inclined shaft part of a planned roadway area.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for carrying out up-down combined accurate fracturing and extraction and eliminating coal and gas outburst on a fault end part and a stress concentration area of a syncline shaft part of a planned roadway area. The method comprises the steps of combining geological data to pre-judge coal and gas outburst points (generally, fault end parts and syncline shaft parts); drilling holes in corresponding ground positions; modifying a radial well of the drilled hole, relieving stress concentration near the shaft, and communicating original fractures of the coal bed; the fracturing transformation is carried out, and a guiding effect is achieved based on a radial branch of radial well construction; the underground long drill hole is used for drainage, so that the aim of eliminating coal and gas outburst is fulfilled. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (4) according to the topographic and geological conditions, judging the coal and gas outburst point key area at the end part of the fault and the syncline shaft part in advance.
The construction time is fully considered for the vertical drilling hole deployed on the ground, the estimated time is 2-3 months, the distance between the underground long drilling hole or other drawing holes and the hole is more than 200m when the ground hole is fractured, and the underground long drilling hole can be constructed as soon as possible to reach the fracturing influence range of the ground hole.
2. The vertical drilling of the ground construction adopts a two-opening well body structure, and the well completion is completed by a casing.
(1) Firstly, drilling by using a phi 311.15mm drill bit, after drilling into a stable bedrock for 10m, putting a J55 steel grade phi 244.5mm sleeve, and returning well cementation cement to the ground, so as to seal the stratum which is easy to collapse and leak at the upper parts of a fourth system and a new system, thereby creating conditions for safe drilling of a second-generation system.
(2) And secondly, drilling by using a phi 215.9mm drill bit to reach 40m below a target coal seam floor, after conventional well logging, putting an N80 steel-grade phi 177.8mm production casing pipe, and returning well cementation cement to the ground.
3. The stress concentration phenomenon near a shaft is firstly relieved by utilizing radial well engineering, and original fractures of a coal bed are communicated. And performing hydraulic fracturing construction after the construction of the radial well is finished, wherein the extension direction of a fracture is influenced by the ground stress and is finally consistent with the direction of the main stress. In order to improve the permeability of the coal seam to the maximum extent, secondary fractures should be communicated as much as possible through the radial branches during the construction of the radial well. The radial branch construction orientation is as parallel as possible to the direction of maximum principal stress. In the coal of II and III types, both the coal's endogenous fissures and exogenous fissures are developed, and the coal also has a large angle of intersection (90 degrees) with the main fissure orientation as much as possible while considering the ground stress factor.
4. If the regional stress is high, the design of the number of radial branches is relatively more, 3-4 layers are considered for a target layer, the interval of each layer is about 1m, 2-4 radial holes are drilled in a single layer, and the length of each radial hole is 80-100 m.
5. Because the coal seam contains a certain amount of clay minerals which have the characteristic of water swelling, the clay minerals swell in water in the radial well injection action process to block coal seam cracks, so that gas and coal powder can not flow normally. Considering the content of the clay minerals in the coal bed, a KCl solution with the mass concentration of 2-3% is used as the spraying liquid.
6. And carrying out fracturing transformation on the ground drilled hole with the radial branches, and destroying the original ground stress distribution. The large-scale fracturing of the light sleeve is adopted, the discharge capacity is controlled at 8 square/min, the total liquid content is controlled at 600 square, the sand content is considered according to the thickness of a coal bed which is 7 times, and the fracturing fluid uses a KCl solution with the mass concentration of 2-3%.
7. And a kilometer drilling machine is used for drilling to the position near the shaft for drainage underground, so that coal and gas outburst is eliminated fundamentally.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines three-dimensional seismic data and the existing data to carry out geological prediction, conjectures the possible coal and gas outburst points, effectively eliminates the coal and gas outburst through the ground and underground combined precise control, and solves the problems of large gas, difficult tunneling, tension connection of drainage and tunneling and the like of mines.
The invention belongs to a method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining the coal and the gas up and down in a well, and the method is safe and has treatment cost. The fault end and the inclined shaft are provided with ground wells, and the stress is effectively released by designing the length and the direction of the radial transformation branch.
In the position without ground drilling, the vertical ground drilling is designed at the end part of a fault or the shaft part of a syncline structure by combining the terrain condition, the gas content and other reservoir parameters in the region are detected by coring, the original stress distribution is destroyed by fracturing, and the ground outburst elimination is effectively realized. The ground borehole can be used for extracting gas through the ground when extraction time exists, the ground borehole is close to the production area, and extraction can be carried out through underground kilometer boreholes, so that the purpose of eliminating outburst is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a well bore configuration;
wherein: 1-ground; 2-opening a well; 3-surface casing pipe; 4-opening the well twice; 5-technical sleeve; 6-mesh coal seam; 7-radial branching layer.
FIG. 2 is a radial distribution deployment plan view;
FIG. 3 is a radial distribution deployment cross-sectional view;
wherein: 8-a wellbore; 9-formation.
FIG. 4 is a radial well branch deployment and fracture propagation diagram;
wherein: 10-a wellbore; 11-main fracture direction; 12-fracture propagation direction; 13-secondary fissure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of combined extraction from the top and bottom of a well;
wherein: 14-drilling the ground; 15-drilling field; 16-long borehole downhole; 17-fracture impact Range.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down wells comprises the following steps:
(1) and (4) carrying out geological prediction according to the three-dimensional seismic data and the existing data, and presuming possible coal and gas outburst points. According to field experience, well positions are preliminarily designed at fault end parts and syncline shaft parts near a planned roadway.
(2) And carrying out well position deployment by combining the terrain condition and the well position deployment principle. Outburst prevention well arrangements must be engaged with mine excavation work. The outburst prevention well target center or the outburst prevention well target center should penetrate through the presumed outburst area after being modified. Outburst prevention well placement must take into full account the direction, size, and areas of possible impact of the formation development.
(3) And (3) carrying out well drilling construction, adopting a two-opening well body structure, and adopting a casing pipe well completion mode to facilitate subsequent radial construction.
a. Firstly, drilling by using a phi 311.15mm drill bit, after drilling into a stable bedrock for 10m, putting a J55 steel grade phi 244.5mm sleeve, and returning well cementation cement to the ground, so as to seal the stratum which is easy to collapse and leak at the upper parts of a fourth system and a new system, thereby creating conditions for safe drilling of a second-generation system.
b. And secondly, drilling by using a phi 215.9mm drill bit to reach 40m below a target coal seam floor, after conventional well logging, putting an N80 steel-grade phi 177.8mm production casing pipe, and returning well cementation cement to the ground.
(4) By implementing the radial hydraulic jet drilling technology, coal bed cracks are ditched as much as possible, and the seepage capability of the coal bed gas reservoir with a plane and a section is enlarged or the pressure relief radius is increased. And designing radial branch parameters including branch length, branch aperture, branch number, branch layer number and the like by combining geological conditions and coal reservoir conditions. And the total overflowing area of the number of the branches needs to meet the requirement of the subsequent fracturing discharge capacity.
(5) The determination of the construction direction of the radial branch is mainly influenced by the earth stress and the main crack direction, and if the radial branch is intersected with the direction of the maximum main stress at a large angle, a drill hole is easy to collapse caused by the influence of the maximum main stress and is parallel to the direction of the maximum main stress as much as possible. The spatial relationship between the drill hole and the main fracture position determines the influence range of the drill hole, in II and III coal, the coal has grown-in fractures and grown-out fractures, and the coal needs to intersect with the main fracture position at a large angle as far as possible while considering the ground stress factor.
(6) In view of the fact that the content of common clay minerals in a coal reservoir is relatively high, the fracturing permeability-increasing effect is influenced, a KCl solution with a certain concentration is used as the injection liquid, the coal reservoir can be prevented from having large expansion amount, the surface tension of the solution can be reduced, and slag discharge and resistance relief of the injection liquid are facilitated. KCl solution with mass concentration of 2-3% is used.
(7) The main purpose of hydraulic fracturing is to fully and effectively expand and extend a coal fracture system under the action of water power by implementing controlled permeability-increasing transformation on a coal seam, so that the effects of increasing flow and permeability of a coal reservoir are achieved, and the emission and extraction of gas in the coal reservoir are facilitated. After the construction of the radial well is finished, the hydraulic fracturing construction is carried out, the original secondary fractures can be effectively communicated in the underground radial branch construction process, the subsequent hydraulic fracturing operation can enable the fracturing fractures to extend along the radial branch holes at the near well end and be influenced by the ground stress at the far end, and the fractures extend along the direction of the main fractures, so that the extending area of the fractures is greatly increased, and the anti-reflection effect is improved.
(8) After the ground radial and guide fracturing is finished, the underground long drill hole is constructed in the fracturing influence range through the guide effect, gas can be efficiently extracted, the stress of a high-stress area is fundamentally reduced, and the hidden danger of coal and gas outburst is eliminated.
Claims (7)
1. A method for accurately eliminating coal and gas outburst by combining up and down of a well is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, pre-judging coal and gas outburst points by combining geological data, namely fault end parts and syncline shaft parts;
secondly, combining terrain conditions and a well position deployment principle to perform well position deployment of the outburst prevention well, wherein the well position deployment is connected with mine excavation work, and a target center of the outburst prevention well or a transformed outburst point is penetrated;
thirdly, vertically drilling a hole on the ground;
fourthly, radial well reconstruction is carried out on the drilled hole, stress concentration near the shaft is relieved, and original cracks of the coal seam are communicated;
fifthly, performing hydraulic fracturing construction after the radial well construction is finished;
and sixthly, after the ground radial and guide fracturing is finished, utilizing the underground long drill hole to perform drainage so as to eliminate coal and gas outburst.
2. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the well position is deployed, the construction time is 2-3 months, and the distance between the underground long drill hole or other extraction holes during the fracturing of the ground hole is more than 200m from the deployment position.
3. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: thirdly, vertically drilling on the ground by adopting a two-opening well body structure and completing well by casing, (1) drilling by adopting a phi 311.15mm drill bit, after drilling into a stable bedrock for 10m, putting a J55 steel grade phi 244.5mm casing, and returning well cementing cement to the ground; (2) and secondly, drilling by using a phi 215.9mm drill bit to reach 40m below a target coal seam floor, after conventional well logging, putting an N80 steel-grade phi 177.8mm production casing pipe, and returning well cementation cement to the ground.
4. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, the radial well is reformed, 3-4 layers are designed for the target layer, the interval of each layer is 1m, 2-4 radial holes are drilled in a single layer, and the length of a single branch is 80-100 m.
5. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, the radial well is reformed, and a KCl solution with the mass concentration of 2-3% is used as a jet liquid.
6. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fifth step, the extension direction of the fracturing crack is finally consistent with the direction of the main stress in the hydraulic fracturing construction.
7. The method for the up-and-down combined precise elimination of the coal and gas outburst in the well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fifth step, hydraulic fracturing construction is carried out, wherein large-scale fracturing is carried out by adopting a light sleeve, the discharge capacity is 8 square/minute, the total liquid amount is 600 square, the sand amount is considered according to 7 times of the thickness of the coal bed, and a KCl solution with the mass concentration of 2-3% is used as the fracturing liquid.
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2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111618868.4A patent/CN114233369B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114233369B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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