CN114231787A - High-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114231787A
CN114231787A CN202111556318.4A CN202111556318A CN114231787A CN 114231787 A CN114231787 A CN 114231787A CN 202111556318 A CN202111556318 A CN 202111556318A CN 114231787 A CN114231787 A CN 114231787A
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powder
meshes
content
equal
copper
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吕波
王娜
汪红山
林浩胜
谢朝露
周勇
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Huangshi Saife Friction Material Co ltd
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Huangshi Saife Friction Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111556318.4A priority Critical patent/CN114231787A/en
Publication of CN114231787A publication Critical patent/CN114231787A/en
Priority to CN202211518303.3A priority patent/CN116479284A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
    • F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material, which comprises an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component; the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 57-66% of copper powder, 3-8% of tin powder, 4-8% of zinc powder, 1-4% of nickel powder and 1-4% of titanium powder; the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 16-20% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 3-5% of PiS; the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO (ZrO)22％～5％、MgO 2％～5％。

Description

High-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of friction materials.
Background
The wet copper-based friction material has high friction factor, high thermal conductivity and high wear resistance, and is widely applied to mechanical clutches and brakes under heavy load and severe working conditions of ships, engineering vehicles, special military vehicles and the like. Particularly, in a transmission system of large engineering machinery and a heavy-duty military armored vehicle, a power shift transmission is widely adopted, wherein a multi-plate friction pair needs to transmit large torque under the conditions of high rotating speed and short combination time in the working process, the surface of the friction pair is extremely easy to cause overhigh temperature due to high transmission power, so that the friction factor of a friction plate is reduced, and a friction lining layer material is ablated, dropped and transferred at high friction temperature, so that the friction pair fails to meet the aging requirement of long-term use, and the problem is urgently solved by the friction material in matched high-speed and heavy-duty equipment.
How to improve the heat resistance and the high-speed stability of the friction pair under the working condition of high energy density becomes the key research point for improving the performance of the wet friction material, and is also the problem which needs to be solved urgently in the localization of high-speed and heavy-load equipment.
The wet copper-based friction material is a multi-element composite material prepared by taking copper or copper alloy as a matrix, adding a lubricating component and a friction component and adopting a powder metallurgy method. The addition of high-temperature resistant materials such as graphite, carbon fiber and the like is an effective way for improving the heat resistance and high-speed stability of the copper-based friction material, but the high content of non-metallic components can easily cause the reduction of the matrix strength of the friction material and the reduction of the tribological performance. The key to ensure the performance of the friction material is to change the types and contents of alloy elements, lubricating components and friction components and study the optimal component proportion.
Different operating conditions have different requirements for the friction material. The selection of the material composition determines the performance of the material, the material preparation process is also a key factor influencing the performance of the material, and the temperature, the pressure and the sintering heat preservation time in the sintering process determine the quality and the performance of the friction material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density comprises an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component; the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 57-66% of copper powder, 3-8% of tin powder, 4-8% of zinc powder, 1-4% of nickel powder and 1-4% of titanium powder; the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 16-20% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 3-5% of PiS; the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO 22% -5%, and MgO 2% -5%.
Furthermore, the content of the copper powder is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the tin powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the zinc powder content is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of nickel powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-200 meshes; the content of titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.8 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the graphite powder is more than or equal to 97 wt%, the particle size is-200 meshes, and the graphite powder is phosphorus flake graphite powder; the grain size of the petroleum coke is-325 meshes; the PiS content is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; ZrO (ZrO)2The content is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes; the content of MgO is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes.
A preparation method of a high-energy density and high-power density wet copper-based friction material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing the raw materials of the components in proportion, firstly putting the raw materials into a special container, adding kerosene, uniformly stirring, adding 1000ml of kerosene into 100kg of the raw materials, then pouring the mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-60 minutes, then pouring the mixed raw materials into a barrel of the mixer for mixing for 30 minutes, discharging and sieving to obtain a mixture;
step 2: carrying out cold pressing molding on the mixture obtained in the step 1 in a pressing die according to the product specification, and pressing the mixture into the product with the density of 4.0-4.4 g/cm under the pressing pressure of 200-250 MPa3A green compact of (1);
and step 3: stacking the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, putting the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate into a bell jar type sintering furnace, performing pressure sintering, wherein the whole sintering process is completed under the protection of nitrogen and hydrogen, the sintering temperature is 810-830 ℃, the sintering pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the sintering heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, discharging, and performing subsequent machining to obtain a required friction plate finished product;
and 4, step 4: the hardness of the sintered specimens was measured on a plastic rockwell hardness meter and the density of the sintered specimens was measured on an electronic balance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the proper amount of nickel powder is added into the components of the high-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material, so that the interface bonding state of the graphite powder and the copper alloy matrix can be improved, the interface bonding is firmer and tighter, and the strength, hardness, toughness and high-temperature strength of the copper-based graphite composite material are obviously improved; the addition of a proper amount of titanium powder can improve the wettability of Cu and C, improve the binding capacity of graphite and a copper alloy matrix, and is beneficial to improving the hardness and relative density of the friction material, thereby improving the wear resistance of the friction material. Adding proper amount of tin powder can raise the strength of pressed blank, raise the strength and hardness of sintered product, and has the capacity of fast running in friction couple, Sn is easy to diffuse in Cu, and can obtain homogeneous solid solution after sintering at 800 deg.c, adding ZrO into copper-tin powder can obviously strengthen the diffusion process during sintering2And MgO as a friction component can improve the friction material at high speedThe friction property of (1).
The friction material provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable component design, high and stable dynamic and static friction factors, small ratio of the static friction factor to the dynamic friction factor, high compressive strength, excellent load and abrasion resistance, good heat conductivity, high energy absorption level and high power transmission level, stable joint, no vibration noise, stable and reliable performance, simple preparation method, mature and stable process and capability of meeting the requirement of batch production.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
A wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density comprises an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component; the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 61% of copper powder, 6% of tin powder, 4% of zinc powder, 2% of nickel powder and 2% of titanium powder; the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 16% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 3% of PiS; the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO (ZrO)23％、MgO2％。
The content of the copper powder is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the tin powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the zinc powder content is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of nickel powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-200 meshes; the content of titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.8 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the graphite powder is more than or equal to 97 wt%, the particle size is-200 meshes, and the graphite powder is phosphorus flake graphite powder; the grain size of the petroleum coke is-325 meshes; the PiS content is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of ZrO2 is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes; the content of MgO is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes.
A preparation method of a wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing the raw materials of the components in proportion, firstly putting the raw materials into a special container, adding kerosene, uniformly stirring, adding 1000ml of kerosene into 100kg of the raw materials, then pouring the mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-60 minutes, then pouring the mixed raw materials into a barrel of the mixer for mixing for 30 minutes, discharging and sieving to obtain a mixture;
step 2: carrying out cold press molding on the mixture obtained in the step 1 in a pressing die according to the product specification, and pressing the mixture into the mixture with the density of 4.2g/cm under the pressing pressure of 220MPa3A green compact of (1);
and step 3: stacking the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, putting the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate into a bell jar type sintering furnace, performing pressure sintering, wherein the whole sintering process is completed under the protection of nitrogen and hydrogen, the sintering temperature is 810-830 ℃, the sintering pressure is 1.5MPa, the sintering heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, then cooling the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate to room temperature along with the furnace, discharging the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, and performing subsequent machining to obtain a required friction plate finished product;
and 4, step 4: the hardness of the sintered specimens was measured on a plastic rockwell hardness meter and the density of the sintered specimens was measured on an electronic balance.
The density of the copper-based friction material sample obtained in example 1 was 4.6g/cm3The surface hardness is HRR 95-100.
Example 2
A wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density comprises an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component; the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 57% of copper powder, 6% of tin powder, 5% of zinc powder, 2% of nickel powder and 2% of titanium powder; the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 18% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 4% of PiS; the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO (ZrO)23％、MgO2％。
The content of the copper powder is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the tin powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the zinc powder content is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of nickel powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-200 meshes; the content of titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.8 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the graphite powder is more than or equal to 97 wt%, the particle size is-200 meshes, and the graphite powder is phosphorus flake graphite powder; the grain size of the petroleum coke is-325 meshes; the PiS content is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of ZrO2 is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes; the content of MgO is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes.
The preparation method of the wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density is similar to that of the embodiment 1, but the sintering process parameters are different:
step 1: the raw materials of the components in the embodiment 2 are weighed according to the proportion, firstly, the metal raw materials are put into a special container, a proper amount of kerosene is added for uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the kerosene is 100kg of the raw materials and 1000ml of the kerosene. And then pouring the mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30 to 60 minutes, then pouring the mixed raw materials into a barrel of the mixer for mixing for 30 minutes, discharging and sieving to obtain a mixture.
Step 2: cold pressing the mixture in a pressing die according to the product specification to obtain the mixture with the density of 4.2g/cm under the pressing pressure of 220MPa3The green compact of (4).
And step 3: and (3) stacking the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, and putting the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate into a bell jar type sintering furnace for pressure sintering. The whole sintering process is completed under the protection of nitrogen and hydrogen. The sintering temperature is 810-830 ℃, the sintering pressure is 1.4MPa, and after the sintering heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the sintering temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace and the furnace is taken out. And obtaining a required friction plate finished product after subsequent machining.
And 4, step 4: the hardness of the sintered specimens was measured on a plastic rockwell hardness meter and the density of the sintered specimens was measured on an electronic balance.
Example 2 the density of the copper-based friction material sample obtained was 4.4g/cm3The surface hardness is HRR 85-90.
Example 3
A wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density comprises an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component; the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 57% of copper powder, 6% of tin powder, 4% of zinc powder, 2% of nickel powder and 2% of titanium powder; the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 3% of PiS; the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO (ZrO)23％、MgO2％。
The content of the copper powder is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the tin powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the zinc powder content is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of nickel powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-200 meshes; the content of titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.8 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of the graphite powder is more than or equal to 97 wt%, the particle size is-200 meshes, and the graphite powder is phosphorus flake graphite powder; the grain size of the petroleum coke is-325 meshes; the PiS content is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes; the content of ZrO2 is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes; the content of MgO is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes.
The preparation method of the wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density is similar to that of the wet copper-based friction materials in the examples 1 and 2, but the sintering process parameters are different:
step 1: the raw materials of the components in the embodiment 3 are weighed according to the proportion, firstly, the metal raw materials are put into a special container, a proper amount of kerosene is added for uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the kerosene is 100kg of the raw materials and 1000ml of the kerosene. And then pouring the mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30 to 60 minutes, then pouring the mixed raw materials into a barrel of the mixer for mixing for 30 minutes, discharging and sieving to obtain a mixture.
Step 2: cold pressing the mixture in a pressing die according to the product specification to obtain the mixture with the density of 4.2g/cm under the pressing pressure of 250MPa3The green compact of (4).
And step 3: and (3) stacking the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, and putting the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate into a bell jar type sintering furnace for pressure sintering. The whole sintering process is completed under the protection of nitrogen and hydrogen. The sintering temperature is 810-830 ℃, the sintering pressure is 1.2MPa, and after the sintering heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the sintering temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace and the furnace is taken out. And obtaining a required friction plate finished product after subsequent machining.
And 4, step 4: the hardness of the sintered specimens was measured on a plastic rockwell hardness meter and the density of the sintered specimens was measured on an electronic balance.
Example 3 the density of the copper-based friction material sample obtained was 4.3g/cm3The surface hardness is HRR 65-70.
Test verification
The high-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material is subjected to a friction and wear performance test according to JB/T7909 and 2011 test method of a friction performance test bed for a wet sintered metal friction material, and the test equipment is a 1:1 inertia test bed frame.
The friction and wear detection results are shown in the following table 1, and 1# to 3# in the serial numbers in the table 1 are copper-based friction materials of the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention respectively.
TABLE 1 results of frictional wear testing
Sample number Mean kinetic friction factor mud Average static friction factor muj Wear rate cm3/J Allowable value of energy load Cm
1# 0.072 0.164 5.44×10-9 52400
2# 0.081 0.151 7.93×10-9 68376
3# 0.095 0.142 9.56×10-9 82560
The components of the wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density are selected after a large number of trial-manufacture and tests, and the wet copper-based friction material is high and stable in dynamic and static friction coefficients, small in dynamic and static friction coefficient ratio, high in compressive strength, good in wear resistance, good in thermal conductivity, high in energy absorption level and high power transmission level, stable in joint, free of vibration and noise. The invention has stable and reliable performance, simple preparation method and mature and stable process, can meet the requirement of batch production, and can be suitable for the high-power, high-speed and heavy-load wet friction transmission and braking device.
According to the invention, the proper amount of nickel powder is added into the components of the high-energy-density high-power-density wet copper-based friction material, so that the interface bonding state of the graphite powder and the copper alloy matrix can be improved, the interface bonding is firmer and tighter, and the strength, hardness, toughness and high-temperature strength of the copper-based graphite composite material are obviously improved; the addition of a proper amount of titanium powder can improve the wettability of Cu and C, improve the binding capacity of graphite and a copper alloy matrix, and is beneficial to improving the hardness and relative density of the friction material, thereby improving the wear resistance of the friction material; the addition of a proper amount of tin powder can not only improve the green compact strength, but also improve the strength and hardness of a sintered product, and also has the capability of rapidly running in with a friction couple, Sn is easy to diffuse in Cu, a uniform solid solution can be obtained by sintering at 800 ℃, and the addition of zinc in the copper-tin powder obviously strengthens the diffusion process during sintering; with addition of ZrO2And MgO, as a friction element, which can improve the friction performance of the friction material at high speed.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating and not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all modifications or partial substitutions should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A wet copper-based friction material with high energy density and high power density is characterized by comprising an alloy component, a lubricating component and a friction component;
the alloy component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 57-66% of copper powder, 3-8% of tin powder, 4-8% of zinc powder, 1-4% of nickel powder and 1-4% of titanium powder;
the lubricating component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 16-20% of graphite powder, 1% of petroleum coke and 3-5% of PiS;
the friction component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ZrO (ZrO)2 2％～5％、MgO 2％～5％。
2. A high energy density high power density wet copper-based friction material as claimed in claim 1,
the content of the copper powder is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes;
the content of the tin powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes;
the zinc powder content is more than or equal to 99.7 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes;
the content of nickel powder is more than or equal to 99.5 wt%, and the particle size is-200 meshes;
the content of titanium powder is more than or equal to 99.8 wt%, and the particle size is-325 meshes;
the content of the graphite powder is more than or equal to 97 wt%, the particle size is-200 meshes, and the graphite powder is phosphorus flake graphite powder;
the grain size of the petroleum coke is-325 meshes;
the PiS content is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes;
the content of ZrO2 is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes;
the content of MgO is more than or equal to 98 wt%, and the grain diameter is-325 meshes.
3. The method for preparing a high energy density high power density wet copper-based friction material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1: weighing the raw materials of the components in proportion, firstly putting the raw materials into a special container, adding kerosene, uniformly stirring, adding 1000ml of kerosene into 100kg of the raw materials, then pouring the mixture into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-60 minutes, then pouring the mixed raw materials into a barrel of the mixer for mixing for 30 minutes, discharging and sieving to obtain a mixture;
step 2: carrying out cold pressing molding on the mixture obtained in the step 1 in a pressing die according to the product specification, and pressing the mixture into the product with the density of 4.0-4.4 g/cm under the pressing pressure of 200-250 MPa3A green compact of (1);
and step 3: stacking the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate, putting the pressed compact and the copper-plated steel core plate into a bell jar type sintering furnace, performing pressure sintering, wherein the whole sintering process is completed under the protection of nitrogen and hydrogen, the sintering temperature is 810-830 ℃, the sintering pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the sintering heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, discharging, and performing subsequent machining to obtain a required friction plate finished product;
and 4, step 4: the hardness of the sintered specimens was measured on a plastic rockwell hardness meter and the density of the sintered specimens was measured on an electronic balance.
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