CN114226740A - Centrifugal atomizing powder-making method and device - Google Patents
Centrifugal atomizing powder-making method and device Download PDFInfo
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- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and a device, which relate to the field of powder metallurgy and are applied to the preparation process of spherical metal powder, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of feeding, ensuring atmosphere, positioning a bar, starting a rotating disc, starting arc starting and melting, adjusting parameters and atomizing to prepare powder, wherein when the bar with the middle or small diameter rotates at a low speed and feeds at a constant speed, a high-temperature plasma torch melts the end part of the bar, molten metal falls onto the rotating disc assembly, the rotating disc assembly rotates at a high speed to generate centrifugal force, fine liquid drops are thrown out, and the spherical powder is obtained by cooling in inert atmosphere. The centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and the centrifugal atomization powder preparation device provided by the invention have the advantages that the prepared powder is various, the requirements on raw materials are low, the applicable size specifications are various, the good atomization effect is easy to realize, and the powder with moderate particle size distribution is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to preparation of spherical metal/alloy powder, and specifically relates to a method and a device for preparing powder by centrifugal atomization.
Background
The spherical metal powder is a powder material with excellent performance and the most wide application, and is an important raw material of powder near-net forming technology represented by additive manufacturing, hot isostatic pressing and injection molding, and the performance of a formed part is influenced from the source. Atomization is the primary means of producing spherical metal powders and is typically represented by gas atomization and centrifugal atomization. The powder prepared by the gas atomization method has the problems of satellite powder and hollow powder, while the powder prepared by the centrifugal atomization method represented by a plasma rotating electrode atomization method (PREP) has the advantages of high sphericity, high density and the like, but has the problems of coarse powder particle size and low fine powder rate.
One of the key reasons for limiting the fine powder rate of the PREP method is that the centrifugal force is greatly improved and limited, which is mainly characterized in that the high-speed rotation of the large-diameter bar stock is limited, the stable rotation speed of the 75-80 mm-diameter bar stock is usually not more than 20000r/min, and the factors for limiting the rotation speed increase include the service life limitation of a driving mechanism under the high-speed rotation, the sealing problem caused by the superposition reciprocating motion of the bar stock under the high-speed rotation, the load problem of the large-size bar stock under the high-speed rotation speed, and the like.
Chinese patent CN107127350A discloses a high-speed centrifugal atomizing device for metal centrifugal atomizing powder making, which comprises an atomizing tank, a rotating disk and a gas-driven rotating shaft, wherein a metal smelting leaky ladle is arranged at the center of the top of the atomizing tank, and the rotating disk is positioned under the metal smelting leaky ladle. The rotating disc of the powder making device is driven by gas to rotate at a speed of more than 50000r/min, and the molten metal flowing to the surface of the rotating disc in a free falling mode is atomized by means of centrifugation, but the molten metal has certain loss in temperature in the long-distance dropping process, and the dropping point is not easy to control. In addition, the rotary driving mechanism is arranged in the atomizing tank body, so that the internal structure is relatively complex, powder accumulation is easy to generate, and the powder collection rate is reduced. In addition, in the design of the atomization tank for centrifugal atomization powder preparation, the design of wide top and narrow bottom is adopted, the flying cooling space of liquid drops is possibly limited, powder particles are easily bonded, and the quality of the prepared spherical powder is affected.
Prior art documents:
patent documents: CN107127350A high-speed centrifugal atomizing device for metal centrifugal atomizing powder preparation
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low fine powder yield and coarse powder caused by limited rotation speed increase of large-diameter bars in the conventional PREP process and powder making device; and the problems that the prior rotary disc atomization process and equipment have poor liquid flow stability, and the structures of the rotary disc and the atomization tank body are relatively complex, thus being not beneficial to the dispersion and cooling of powder particles, and the like. The invention provides a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and a device, which adopt the design of large-size rotary disc centrifugal atomization and continuous coaxial feeding of medium-and small-size bars on the basis of an atomization chamber structure and a high-temperature plasma heat source scheme of a traditional PREP powder preparation device, realize the large-diameter high-rotation speed centrifugal atomization effect, and simultaneously give consideration to the stability and the production efficiency of the powder production process, are beneficial to improving the yield of fine powder in the process and reducing the manufacturing cost of high-quality spherical metal powder.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for centrifugal atomization of pulverized coal, comprising:
the atomization chamber is in a horizontal cylindrical shape;
the atomizing device comprises a rotary disc assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the rotary disc assembly is arranged at one end of an atomizing chamber, the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary disc assembly to rotate, the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly are coaxial, and through holes penetrating through the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly are formed in the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly along the central direction;
the plasma generator is arranged at the other end of the atomizing chamber and is provided with a plasma gun arranged in the atomizing chamber and used for forming a plasma torch in the atomizing chamber; the center of the plasma gun is positioned at the same level with the through hole;
the rod material feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for spirally rotating the rod material and feeding the rod material into the atomizing chamber through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly; the bar stock is coaxially arranged with the through hole in the feeding process and is positioned at the same level with the center of the plasma gun;
and melting the bar fed into the atomizing chamber by a plasma torch to generate molten metal, throwing the molten metal out along the edge of the working surface under the action of centrifugal force after the molten metal reaches the working surface of the rotating disc assembly rotating at high speed to obtain fine metal droplets, flying and cooling the fine metal droplets in the inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber to obtain spherical powder.
Wherein the working surface of the rotating disc component is positioned in the atomizing chamber and has a concave angle towards the direction of the plasma generator; the driving mechanism is located outside the atomizing chamber, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupler and drives the rotating disc assembly to rotate.
Wherein the rotating disc assembly comprises a rotating disc main body with a through hole, the rotating disc main body is coaxially arranged with the driving mechanism, and the rotating disc main body is at least partially positioned outside the atomizing chamber, is installed on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber through a dynamic sealing device and is driven by the driving mechanism through a coupling.
Wherein, the rotating disc main body at least partially extends into the atomizing chamber, and forms the working surface at the end part for realizing the throwing-out of the metal liquid drops through the high-speed centrifugal action.
Preferably, the rotary disc main part adopts the superalloy material, the material of working face adopts the material the same with the powder process raw materials, has effectively avoided the powder process to introduce impurity, improves powder purity and quality.
The driving mechanism comprises a motor base and a motor rotor arranged in the motor base, the motor rotor is connected with the coupler, and torque output is realized through the transfer of the motor rotor; the end part of the motor base is also provided with a motor cover plate, and a dynamic sealing device is arranged between the bar and the motor cover plate.
Wherein the through hole is formed in the center of the rotor shaft of the motor rotor.
The bar feeding mechanism comprises a bar rotating driving motor, a bar rotating driving motor base, a bar feeding driving motor and a transmission lead screw; the bar stock rotation driving motor is coaxially arranged with the bar stock and is used for driving the bar stock to rotate around the axis of the bar stock rotation driving motor; the bar rotary driving motor is arranged on a bar rotary driving motor base, the bar rotary driving motor base is in threaded sleeve joint on a transmission lead screw, the bar feeding driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission lead screw and can drive the transmission lead screw to rotate, the bar rotary driving motor base is arranged to move in the horizontal direction along the transmission lead screw when the transmission lead screw rotates, and therefore bars are fed into the atomization chamber through the through holes.
Wherein, the lateral wall of the atomizing chamber is provided with at least one air inlet pipe for introducing inert gas.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method, comprising the steps of:
in the initial stage, after the bar stock for powder preparation is placed, after the tightness of a device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation is checked and confirmed, vacuumizing is started, and inert gas is added for gas replacement, so that the bar stock and the powder stock are prevented from being oxidized and elements are prevented from volatilizing at high temperature;
the method comprises the steps that a bar stock is fed to a smelting starting position in an atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, a rotating disc is driven to rotate, when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is abnormal, a plasma generator is started to start arcing, and after a plasma torch reaches a stable state, the rotating speed of the rotating disc, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed are adjusted according to a preset process, and an atomizing powder making process is started.
Compared with the prior art, the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and the preparation device have the remarkable advantages that:
(1) according to the method and the device for preparing powder by centrifugal atomization, metal liquid drops (flows) with stable high temperature are obtained by feeding the bar stock at low speed, matching with the coaxial turntable rotating at high speed and taking the high-temperature plasma torch as a heat source, and the liquid drops (flows) falling on the rotating disk can be thrown out and refined into small drops under the action of larger centrifugal force, so that the high requirements on the size and material performance of the bar stock caused by high-speed rotation of the bar stock are avoided, the processing and manufacturing cost of raw materials is reduced, the material range applicable to the powder preparing method is expanded, and the method and the device can be suitable for preparing various metal and alloy powder materials such as TC4 titanium alloy, GH4169 high-temperature alloy, 316L stainless steel and the like;
(2) according to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, the driving mechanism of the rotating disc mechanism is arranged externally, and only the rotating working part is arranged in the atomization tank, so that the mechanical structure in the atomization chamber is effectively simplified, the manufacturing and maintenance difficulty of the device is reduced, the internal cleaning dead angle is avoided to a limited extent, the device is convenient to clean, and the powder collection rate is ensured;
(3) according to the method and the device for preparing the powder by centrifugal atomization, the rotary disk mechanism part in the atomization chamber is designed into a structure with the main body and the working surface, wherein the material of the working surface is the same as that of a powder preparation raw material, so that impurities are effectively prevented from being introduced in the powder preparation process, the purity of the powder is ensured, and the type of the powder suitable for the powder preparation device is increased;
(4) according to the centrifugal atomization powder making method and device, the rotating mechanism and the powder making bar are coaxially designed, so that the distance from the generated metal liquid drops to the contact turntable is effectively reduced, the superheat degree of a melt is effectively ensured, and the improvement of the yield of fine powder is facilitated;
(5) according to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, the small-diameter bars (even wires) are used as feeding materials, continuous or semi-continuous powder preparation can be realized by means of a bar splicing technology, the powder preparation efficiency and the equipment capacity are effectively improved, and meanwhile, the atomization powder preparation process is stable and easy to control, and the process stability and the powder quality consistency are favorably improved;
(6) according to the method and the device for centrifugally atomizing to prepare the powder, the rotary disc mechanisms and the dynamic sealing devices with different calibers are replaced, so that the atomized powder preparation of the bars with different diameters can be realized, and different powder preparation requirements can be met.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent. In addition, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered a part of the presently disclosed subject matter.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifugal atomization pulverizing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotary disk assembly of a centrifugal atomization pulverizing device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bar feed assembly of a centrifugal atomization pulverizing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic process flow diagram of a centrifugal atomization pulverizing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the drawings is as follows:
1. an atomization chamber; 2. a rotating disk assembly; 3. a drive mechanism; 4. a bar feeding mechanism; 6. a plasma generating device; 7. a flow of metal; 8. a metal droplet; 9. a coupling;
1-1, water-cooling the interlayer; 1-2, an air inlet pipe;
2-1, rotating the disc main body; 2-2, rotating the working surface of the disc;
3-1, a motor rotor; 3-3, a motor base; 3-4, a motor cover plate;
4-1, a bar stock; 4-2, rotating a driving motor for the bar stock; 4-3, driving a motor base by rotating the bar stock; 4-4, feeding a driving motor for the bar stock; 4-5, a transmission screw rod;
5-1, 5-2, a dynamic sealing device;
6-1, plasma gun; 6-2, plasma torch.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily intended to include all aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.
Centrifugal atomizing powder making device
The centrifugal atomization pulverizing device combined with the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1-3 comprises: an atomizing chamber 1, a rotating disc component 2, a driving mechanism 3 for driving the rotating disc component to rotate at a high speed, a bar feeding mechanism 4, a dynamic sealing device (5-1; 5-2) and a plasma generating device 6.
The atomizing chamber 1 is in a horizontal cylindrical shape. Referring to fig. 1, water-cooling interlayers 1-1 are disposed at both ends and on the side wall of the atomizing chamber 1, and cooling treatment is performed on the atomizing preparation process by circulation of a cooling medium. Meanwhile, at least one air inlet pipe 1-2 is arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber 1, so that gas replacement can be carried out, vacuumizing and inert atmosphere environment formation are carried out in the atomizing chamber, and bar stock and powder are prevented from being oxidized and elements are prevented from being volatilized at high temperature.
In an alternative embodiment, the air inlet pipe 1-2 is located above the main body of the rotating disk, and is used for air supply in the air replacement process and cooling the rotating disk component in the atomization pulverization process. The inner diameter of the pipe of the air inlet pipe is 5-10 mm.
And a rotating disk assembly 2 and a driving mechanism 3 for driving the rotating disk assembly 2 to rotate at a high speed are arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber. The drive mechanism 3 and the rotary disk assembly 2 are coaxially arranged, and both are formed with a through hole penetrating the drive mechanism and the rotary disk assembly in the center direction, as shown in connection with fig. 1.
The other end of the atomization chamber is provided with a plasma generating device 6 which comprises a plasma gun 6-1, and the plasma gun 6-1 is arranged inside the atomization chamber and used for forming a plasma torch 6-2 inside the atomization chamber. Wherein the center of the plasma torch 6-1 is located at the same level as the through hole.
And the bar feeding mechanism 4 is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for spirally rotating the bar and feeding the bar into the inner part of the atomizing chamber 1 through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly. Wherein, the bar stock is coaxially arranged with the through hole and is at the same level with the center of the plasma gun in the feeding process.
Referring to fig. 1, a bar fed into an atomizing chamber is melted by a plasma torch to generate a metal liquid flow 7, and the metal liquid flow is thrown out along the edge of a working surface 2-2 of a rotating disc assembly 2 rotating at a high speed based on centrifugal force after reaching the working surface to obtain fine metal liquid drops 8, and the fine metal liquid drops fly and are cooled in an inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber to obtain spherical powder.
Referring to fig. 1, the rotary disk assembly 2 comprises a rotary disk main body 2-1 having a through hole, the rotary disk main body 2-1 is coaxially disposed with the driving mechanism 3, and the rotary disk main body 2-1 is at least partially located outside the atomizing chamber, is mounted on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber by a dynamic seal 5-1, and is driven to rotate at a high speed by the driving mechanism 3 via a coupling 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the rotating disc body 2-1 also extends at least partially into the atomising chamber and forms a working surface 2-2 at the end for carrying out the expulsion of the metal droplets by high speed centrifugation. Referring to fig. 1, the working surface 2-2 of the rotating disk assembly is located inside the atomization chamber and is concavely angled toward the plasma generator. Optionally, the rotating disc main body 2-1 is made of high-temperature alloy material, and the working face 2-2 is made of the same material as the raw material for milling.
Optionally, the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is fixedly connected with the rotating disc main body through threads, and the diameter of the outermost circle of the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is between 60 and 100 mm.
The driving mechanism 3 is positioned outside the atomizing chamber 1, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupling 9 and drives the rotating disc assembly and the working surface thereof to rotate at a high speed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the driving mechanism 3 includes a motor base 3-3 and a motor rotor 3-1 disposed in the motor base, an output shaft (rotor shaft) 3-1 of the motor rotor is connected to a coupling 9, and torque output is realized by the transmission of the motor rotor. The end part of the motor base 3-3 is also provided with a motor cover plate 3-4, and a dynamic sealing device 5-2 is arranged between the bar 4-1 and the motor cover plate 3-4.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, a through hole is formed through the center of the rotor shaft of the motor rotor to allow the bar stock to coaxially pass through and enter the rotating disc main body and pass through the rotating disc main body into the atomizing chamber.
The bar feeding mechanism 4 comprises a bar rotating drive motor 4-2, a bar rotating drive motor base 4-3, a bar feeding drive motor 4-4 and a transmission screw 4-5. The bar stock rotating and driving motor 4-2 is coaxially arranged with the bar stock 4-1 and is used for driving the bar stock to rotate around the axis of the bar stock rotating and driving motor. The bar stock rotation driving motor 4-2 is arranged on the bar stock rotation driving motor base 4-3, and the bar stock rotation driving motor base 4-3 is in threaded sleeve joint with the transmission screw rod 4-5. The bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is in transmission connection with the transmission lead screw 4-5 and can drive the transmission lead screw to rotate, so that the bar rotating driving motor base 4-3 can move in the horizontal direction along the transmission lead screw 4-5 when the transmission lead screw 4-5 rotates, bar feeding is achieved, and the bar is fed into the atomizing chamber 1 through the through hole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the through hole is 25-45mm, and the diameter of the bar stock is 20-40 mm.
Centrifugal atomization powder preparation method
With reference to the flow shown in fig. 4, the process of centrifugal atomization powder making using the device for centrifugal atomization powder making according to the foregoing embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
in the initial stage, after the bar stock for powder preparation is placed, after the tightness of a device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation is checked and confirmed, vacuumizing is started, and inert gas is added for gas replacement, so that the bar stock and the powder stock are prevented from being oxidized and elements are prevented from volatilizing at high temperature;
the method comprises the steps that a bar stock is fed to a smelting starting position in an atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, a rotating disc is driven to rotate, when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is abnormal, a plasma generator is started to start arcing, and after a plasma torch reaches a stable state, the rotating speed of the rotating disc, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed are adjusted according to a preset process, and an atomizing powder making process is started.
As a specific example, the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method mainly comprises the following specific steps:
step S101, charging: charging the powder-making raw materials into a feeding system, and checking the system for sealing;
step S102, atmosphere guarantee: pre-evacuating the atomization chamber to 1 x 10-2Pa below, and filling high-purity inert gas to 0.15-0.25 bar;
step S103, positioning a bar: adjusting the rotating speed and the feeding speed of the bar stock and starting the bar stock to enable the bar stock to rotate and feed to the smelting starting position;
step S104, starting the rotating disc: presetting the rotating speed of the turntable, starting the turntable, and confirming that the turntable rotates stably without abnormity;
step S105, arc starting and melting: presetting plasma torch parameters, starting a power supply of a plasma generation system, and confirming that the plasma arc flame state is stable;
step S106, adjusting parameters: and setting key process parameters including the current intensity of the plasma torch, the rotating speed of the rotating disc, the feeding speed and the rotating speed of the bar stock according to a preset process and an actual effect.
Step S107, atomizing to prepare powder: under stable technological parameters, the bar stock is melted by the plasma torch to form liquid flow which falls on a rotating disc rotating at high speed, is thrown out by centrifugal force and is crushed into fine liquid drops, and is cooled and solidified into spherical particles in inert atmosphere of an atomizing chamber.
In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the high-purity inert gas is Ar gas or an Ar/He mixed gas, and the gas purity is not less than 99.99%.
In one possible embodiment of the invention, the adjusting range of the rotating speed of the bar stock is 0-500r/min, the adjusting range of the feeding speed is 0-60mm/min, and the adjusting range of the rotating speed of the rotating disc is 0-32000 r/min.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment parameters of the plasma system include plasma torch current intensity and plasma arc flame length, wherein the current adjustment range is 700-.
In a possible implementation manner of the invention, in the atomization powder preparation process, based on the characteristics of the material, the purpose of uniform material melting is achieved by regulating and controlling the bar feeding speed and the plasma heat source output power and matching the parameters, and the liquid drops melted by the bar are carried by the coaxial high-speed rotating turntable and thrown out at high speed, and are cooled and solidified into spherical metal powder in the atmosphere of the atomization chamber.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by taking three powder materials of TC4 titanium alloy, GH4169 high-temperature alloy, 316L stainless steel and the like as examples respectively in combination with a process flow diagram and a device diagram of the invention.
Example 1
Firstly, a TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 with the diameter of 40mm is loaded into a feeding mechanism 4, the TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 is connected with a bar rotating driving motor, a bar feeding driving motor is started, a driving screw drives a bar rotating driving motor base to feed, and the bar 4-1 is fed and penetrates through a movable sealing device.
The atomization chamber 1 is pre-evacuated to 5 x 10-3Pa, and introducing Ar gas with the purity of 99.999 percent to 0.15bar through the gas inlet 1-2.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 at 120r/min, the feeding speed at 25mm/min, starting, rotationally feeding the bar 4-1, sequentially passing the end part of the bar through the driving mechanism 3 of the rotating disc and the rotating disc assembly, reaching the smelting starting position, and stopping.
The initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly is set to be 22000r/min, the driving motor of the rotating disc is started, the rotating disc main body and the working face rotate at high speed through transmission of the coupling connected with the rotor of the rotating disc driving motor, the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost circle of the working face of the rotating disc is 85 mm.
Setting the initial working current of a plasma generating system to be 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming that the plasma torch 6-2 is stable and normal in state;
and setting atomization powder-making process parameters according to a preset process and an actual effect, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1600A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 26000r/min, the feeding speed of the bar stock is 28mm/min, and the rotating speed of the bar stock is 150 r/min.
In the stable atomization powder preparation process, the end part of a TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 rotationally fed at a low speed is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, the generated TC4 titanium alloy molten metal 7 falls onto a rotary disc working surface 2-2 rotating at a high speed under sufficient superheat degree, is thrown out along the edge of the rotary disc working surface under the action of centrifugal force to obtain fine metal droplets, and flies and cools in an inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1 to obtain spherical TC4 titanium alloy powder.
Example 2
Firstly, a GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 with the diameter of 30mm is loaded into a feeding mechanism, the GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 is connected with a bar rotating driving motor 4-2, the bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is started, a driving screw 4-5 drives a bar rotating driving motor base 4-3 to feed, and the bar 4-1 is fed and penetrates through a dynamic sealing device 5-2.
The atomization chamber 1 was pre-evacuated to 4.5 x 10-2Pa, and introducing Ar gas with the purity of 99.999 percent to 0.20bar through the gas inlet 1-2.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 at 100r/min, the feeding speed at 25mm/min, starting, rotationally feeding the bar 4-1, sequentially passing the end part of the bar through the driving mechanism 3 of the rotating disc and the rotating disc assembly, reaching the smelting starting position, and stopping.
Setting the initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly to be 22000r/min, starting a driving motor of the rotating disc, and realizing high-speed rotation of the rotating disc main body 2-1 and the working face 2-2 through transmission of a coupler connected with a motor rotor, wherein the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost circle of the working face of the rotating disc is 70 mm.
Setting the initial working current of the plasma generation system 6 to 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming the stable and normal state of the plasma torch 6-2;
according to the preset process and the actual effect, the atomization powder preparation process parameters are set, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1500A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 25000r/min, the feeding speed of a bar is 40mm/min, and the rotating speed of the bar is 120 r/min.
In the stable atomization powder preparation process, the end part of a GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 rotationally fed at a low speed is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, the generated GH4169 high-temperature alloy metal liquid 7 falls onto a rotary disc working surface 2-2 rotating at a high speed under sufficient superheat degree, is thrown out along the edge of the rotary disc working surface under the action of centrifugal force to obtain fine metal liquid drops, flies and cools in an inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1 to obtain spherical GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder
Example 3
Firstly, 316L stainless steel bar 4-1 with the diameter of 20mm is loaded into a feeding mechanism 4,316L stainless steel bar 4-1 and is connected with a bar rotating driving motor 4-2, a bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is started, a bar rotating driving motor base 4-3 is driven to feed through a transmission lead screw 4-5, and the bar 4-1 is fed and passes through a dynamic sealing device 5-2.
The atomization chamber 1 was pre-evacuated to 2.0 x 10-2Pa, and introducing Ar gas with the purity of 99.999 percent to 0.25bar through the gas inlet.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 to be 60r/min, the feeding speed to be 25mm/min, starting, rotationally feeding the bar 4-1, sequentially passing the end part of the bar through the rotary disc driving mechanism 3 and the rotary disc 2, reaching the smelting starting position, and stopping.
Setting the initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly to 22000r/min, starting the driving motor, and realizing the high-speed rotation of the rotating disc main body 2-1 and the working face 2-2 through the transmission of a coupler connected with a motor rotor, wherein the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost layer of the working face is 60 mm.
Setting the initial working current of the plasma generation system 6 to 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming the stable and normal state of the plasma torch 6-2;
and setting atomization powder-making process parameters according to a preset process and an actual effect, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1400A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 25000r/min, the feeding speed of the bar stock is 55mm/min, and the rotating speed of the bar stock is 75 r/min.
In the stable atomization powder preparation process, the end part of a 316L stainless steel bar 4-1 which is rotationally fed at a low speed is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, the generated 316L stainless steel metal liquid 7 flows onto a working surface 2-2 of a rotating disc which rotates at a high speed under sufficient superheat degree, is thrown out along the edge of the working surface of the rotating disc under the action of centrifugal force to obtain fine metal liquid drops, flies and is cooled under inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1 to obtain spherical 316L stainless steel powder with ideal sphericity and purity.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of powder process of centrifugal atomization which characterized in that includes:
the atomization chamber is in a horizontal cylindrical shape;
the atomizing device comprises a rotary disc assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the rotary disc assembly is arranged at one end of an atomizing chamber, the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary disc assembly to rotate, the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly are coaxial, and through holes penetrating through the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly are formed in the driving mechanism and the rotary disc assembly along the central direction;
the plasma generator is arranged at the other end of the atomizing chamber and is provided with a plasma gun arranged in the atomizing chamber and used for forming a plasma torch in the atomizing chamber; the center of the plasma gun is positioned at the same level with the through hole;
the rod material feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for spirally rotating the rod material and feeding the rod material into the atomizing chamber through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly; the bar stock is coaxially arranged with the through hole in the feeding process and is positioned at the same level with the center of the plasma gun;
and melting the bar fed into the atomizing chamber by a plasma torch to generate molten metal, throwing the molten metal out along the edge of the working surface under the action of centrifugal force after the molten metal reaches the working surface of the rotating disc assembly rotating at high speed to obtain fine metal droplets, flying and cooling the fine metal droplets in the inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber to obtain spherical powder.
2. The centrifugal atomizing pulverizing device of claim 1, wherein the working surface of the rotating disk assembly is located inside the atomizing chamber and has a concave angle toward the plasma generator; the driving mechanism is located outside the atomizing chamber, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupler and drives the rotating disc assembly to rotate.
3. The centrifugal pulverizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotating disk assembly comprises a rotating disk body having a through hole, the rotating disk body is coaxially disposed with the driving mechanism, and the rotating disk body is at least partially located outside the atomizing chamber, is mounted on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber by a dynamic sealing device, and is driven by the driving mechanism via a coupling.
4. A centrifugal atomized powder manufacturing apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotating disk body further extends at least partially into the atomizing chamber and forms the working surface at the end for carrying out the metal droplet throwing out by high speed centrifugation.
5. A centrifugal atomized powder making device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the driving mechanism includes a motor base and a motor rotor disposed in the motor base, the motor rotor is connected to the coupling, and torque output is achieved by the transfer of the motor rotor; the end part of the motor base is also provided with a motor cover plate, and a dynamic sealing device is arranged between the bar and the motor cover plate.
6. The centrifugal atomizing pulverizing device of claim 5, wherein the through hole is formed in the center of the rotor shaft of the motor rotor.
7. The centrifugal atomization powder manufacturing device as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the bar stock feeding mechanism comprises a bar stock rotation driving motor, a bar stock rotation driving motor base, a bar stock feeding driving motor and a transmission screw; the bar stock rotation driving motor is coaxially arranged with the bar stock and is used for driving the bar stock to rotate around the axis of the bar stock rotation driving motor; the bar rotary driving motor is arranged on a bar rotary driving motor base, the bar rotary driving motor base is in threaded sleeve joint on a transmission lead screw, the bar feeding driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission lead screw and can drive the transmission lead screw to rotate, the bar rotary driving motor base is arranged to move in the horizontal direction along the transmission lead screw when the transmission lead screw rotates, and therefore bars are fed into the atomization chamber through the through holes.
8. The centrifugal atomization powder manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the through hole is 25-45mm, and the diameter of the bar stock is 20-40 mm.
9. The centrifugal atomization powder manufacturing device of claim 1, wherein at least one gas inlet pipe for introducing inert gas is arranged on the side wall of the atomization chamber.
10. A centrifugal atomized powder production method based on the centrifugal atomized powder production device of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the initial stage, after the bar stock for powder preparation is placed, after the tightness of a device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation is checked and confirmed, vacuumizing is started, and inert gas is added for gas replacement, so that the bar stock and the powder stock are prevented from being oxidized and elements are prevented from volatilizing at high temperature;
the method comprises the steps that a bar stock is fed to a smelting starting position in an atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, a rotating disc is driven to rotate, when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is abnormal, a plasma generator is started to start arcing, and after a plasma torch reaches a stable state, the rotating speed of the rotating disc, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed are adjusted according to a preset process, and an atomizing powder making process is started.
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| CN114226740B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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