CN114226740B - Centrifugal atomizing powder making method and device - Google Patents
Centrifugal atomizing powder making method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114226740B CN114226740B CN202111619568.8A CN202111619568A CN114226740B CN 114226740 B CN114226740 B CN 114226740B CN 202111619568 A CN202111619568 A CN 202111619568A CN 114226740 B CN114226740 B CN 114226740B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and a device, which relate to the field of powder metallurgy and are applied to a spherical metal powder preparation process, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: charging, atmosphere ensuring, bar positioning, rotating disc starting, arc starting and melting, parameter adjusting and atomizing powder preparation, wherein a high-temperature plasma torch melts the end part of a bar stock when the bar stock with a small and medium diameter rotates at a low speed and is fed at a uniform speed, molten metal falls onto a rotating disc assembly, the rotating disc assembly rotates at a high speed to generate centrifugal force, fine liquid drops are thrown out, and the spherical powder is obtained by cooling in an inert atmosphere. The centrifugal atomization powder making method and device provided by the invention can prepare more powder types, have lower requirements on raw materials and more applicable dimension specifications, are easy to realize better atomization effect, and can obtain powder with moderate particle size distribution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a preparation method and a device for spherical metal/alloy powder, and specifically relates to a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and a device.
Background
Spherical metal powder is a powder material with excellent performance and the most wide application, is an important raw material for powder near net forming technology represented by additive manufacturing, hot isostatic pressing and injection molding, and affects the performance of a formed part from the source. Atomization is the primary means of preparing spherical metal powders, and is typically represented by gas atomization and centrifugal atomization. The powder prepared by the gas atomization method has the problems of satellite powder and hollow powder, and the powder prepared by the centrifugal atomization method represented by a plasma rotary electrode atomization method (PREP) has the advantages of high sphericity, high compactness and the like, but has the problems of coarse powder granularity and lower fine powder rate.
One of the key reasons for limiting the fines rate of the PREP method is that the centrifugal force is greatly limited, the high-speed rotation of the large-diameter bar is limited, the stable rotation speed of the bar with the diameter of 75-80 mm is usually not more than 20000 r/min, and the factors for limiting the rotation speed increase include the service life limitation of a driving mechanism under high-speed rotation, the sealing difficulty caused by superposition reciprocating motion of the bar under high-speed rotation, the load problem of the large-diameter bar under high-speed rotation speed and the like.
Chinese patent CN107127350a discloses a high-speed centrifugal atomizing device for metal centrifugal atomization powder process, which comprises an atomizing tank body, a rotary disk and a gas driven rotary shaft, wherein a metal smelting leakage package is arranged at the top center of the atomizing tank body, and the rotary disk is positioned under the metal smelting leakage package. The rotating disk of the powder making device is driven by gas to rotate at a speed of more than 50000 r/min, and molten metal flowing to the rotating disk surface is atomized by means of centrifugation, but the molten metal has certain loss in temperature in the long-distance dripping process, and the falling point is not easy to control. In addition, the rotary driving mechanism is arranged in the atomization tank body, so that the internal structure is relatively complex, powder accumulation residues are easy to generate, and the powder yield is reduced. In addition, in the design of the atomizing tank for centrifugal atomization powder preparation, the design of wide top and narrow bottom is adopted, the flying and cooling space of liquid drops can be limited, powder particles are easy to adhere, and the quality of prepared spherical powder is affected.
Prior art literature:
patent literature: CN107127350a high-speed centrifugal atomizer for centrifugal atomization powder preparation of metal
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low fine powder yield and coarser powder caused by limited rotation speed increase of large-diameter bars in the conventional PREP process and a pulverizing device; and the existing rotary disk atomization process and equipment have poor liquid flow stability, and the rotary disk and the atomization tank body have relatively complex structures, so that the problems of dispersion cooling of powder particles and the like are not facilitated. The invention provides a centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, which are based on the atomizing chamber structure and the high-temperature plasma heat source scheme of the traditional PREP powder preparation device, adopt the design of large-size rotary disk centrifugal atomization and continuous coaxial feeding of medium-small-size bars, realize the centrifugal atomization effect of large diameter and high rotation speed, and simultaneously give consideration to the stability and production efficiency of the powder production process, thereby being beneficial to improving the fine powder yield in the process and reducing the manufacturing cost of high-quality spherical metal powder.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for centrifugal atomization pulverizing, comprising:
an atomization chamber which is in a horizontal cylinder shape;
the rotary disk assembly is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary disk assembly to rotate, wherein the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly are coaxial, and a through hole penetrating through the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly is formed in the center direction of the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly;
a plasma generator arranged at the other end of the atomizing chamber and provided with a plasma gun arranged in the atomizing chamber for forming a plasma torch in the atomizing chamber; the center of the plasma gun and the through hole are positioned at the same level;
the bar feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for rotating in a bar spiral mode and feeding the bar into the atomizing chamber through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly; the bar feeding process is coaxially arranged with the through hole and is in the same level with the center of the plasma gun;
and the bar stock fed into the atomizing chamber is melted by the plasma torch to generate metal liquid, and the metal liquid is thrown out along the edge of the working surface based on centrifugal force after reaching the working surface of the rotating disc assembly rotating at high speed, so that fine metal liquid drops are obtained, and the metal liquid drops fly and are cooled in an inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber to obtain spherical powder.
Wherein the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is positioned in the atomization chamber and has an inward concave angle towards the direction of the plasma generator; the driving mechanism is positioned outside the atomizing chamber, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupling and drives the rotating disc assembly to rotate.
The rotary disk assembly comprises a rotary disk main body with a through hole, wherein the rotary disk main body is coaxially arranged with the driving mechanism, and is at least partially positioned outside the atomizing chamber, is arranged on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber through a dynamic sealing device and is driven by the driving mechanism through a coupler.
The rotating disc body at least partially extends into the atomizing chamber, and forms a working surface at the end part for throwing out the metal liquid drops through high-speed centrifugation.
Preferably, the rotary disk main body adopts high-temperature alloy materials, and the material of the working surface adopts the same material as the powder making raw material, so that the impurity introduced in the powder making process is effectively avoided, and the purity and quality of powder are improved.
The driving mechanism comprises a motor base and a motor rotor arranged in the motor base, the motor rotor is connected with the coupler, and torque output is realized through the transfer of the motor rotor; the end part of the motor base is also provided with a motor cover plate, and a dynamic sealing device is arranged between the bar stock and the motor cover plate.
Wherein, the rotor shaft center of the motor rotor forms the through hole.
The bar feeding mechanism comprises a bar rotation driving motor, a bar rotation driving motor base, a bar feeding driving motor and a transmission screw; the bar rotating driving motor is coaxially arranged with the bar and is used for driving the bar to rotate around the axis of the bar; the bar rotating and driving motor is arranged on a bar rotating and driving motor base, the bar rotating and driving motor base is in threaded sleeve connection with a transmission screw, the bar feeding and driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission screw and can drive the transmission screw to rotate, and the bar rotating and driving motor base is arranged to move in the horizontal direction along the transmission screw when the transmission screw rotates, so that bars penetrate through the through holes and are fed into the atomizing chamber.
Wherein, be provided with at least one intake pipe that is used for letting in inert gas on the lateral wall of atomizing room.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a centrifugal atomization pulverizing method, comprising the steps of:
after the bars for powder preparation are placed at the initial stage, checking and confirming the tightness of the device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation, starting vacuumizing and adding inert gas for gas replacement so as to avoid oxidation and element volatilization of the bars and the powder at high temperature;
and feeding the bar stock to a smelting starting position in the atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, driving the rotating disc to rotate, starting a plasma generator to start an arc when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is free from abnormality, and regulating the rotating disc rotating speed, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed according to a preset process after the plasma torch reaches a stable state to start an atomization powder process.
Compared with the prior art, the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and the preparation device have the remarkable advantages that:
(1) According to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, through low-speed bar feeding and matching with a high-speed rotating coaxial turntable, stable high-temperature metal liquid drops (streams) are obtained by taking a high-temperature plasma torch as a heat source, and the liquid drops (streams) falling onto the turntable are ensured to be thrown out and thinned into small liquid drops under the action of a larger centrifugal force, so that the high requirements on the size and the material performance of the bar caused by high-speed bar rotation are avoided, the processing and manufacturing cost of raw materials is reduced, the applicable material range of the powder preparation method is enlarged, and the powder preparation method is applicable to the preparation of various metal and alloy powder materials such as TC4 titanium alloy, GH4169 superalloy, 316L stainless steel and the like;
(2) According to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, the driving mechanism of the rotary disk mechanism is arranged outside, and only the rotary working part is arranged in the atomization tank, so that the mechanical structure in the atomization chamber is effectively simplified, the manufacturing and maintenance difficulties of the device are reduced, the internal cleaning dead angle is avoided, the equipment cleaning is convenient, and the powder collection rate is ensured;
(3) According to the centrifugal atomization powder making method and device, the rotating disc mechanism part in the atomization chamber is designed into the structure of the main body and the working surface, wherein the material of the working surface is the same as that of the powder making raw material, so that impurities are effectively prevented from being introduced in the powder making process, the purity of powder is ensured, and the type of powder suitable for the powder making device is increased;
(4) According to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, the rotating mechanism and the powder preparation bar stock are subjected to coaxial design, so that the distance from the metal liquid drops to the contact turntable is effectively reduced, the superheat degree of a melt is effectively ensured, and the improvement of the yield of fine powder is facilitated;
(5) According to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, the small-diameter bar (even wire) is used as the feed, continuous or semi-continuous powder preparation can be realized by means of bar splicing technology, the powder preparation efficiency and the equipment productivity are effectively improved, meanwhile, the atomization powder preparation process is stable and easy to control, and the process stability and the powder quality consistency are improved;
(6) According to the centrifugal atomization powder preparation method and device, through replacing the rotating disc mechanisms with different calibers and the dynamic sealing device, the atomized powder preparation of bars with different diameters can be realized, and the powder preparation requirements of different kinds of bars can be met.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts, as well as additional concepts described in more detail below, may be considered a part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually inconsistent. In addition, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present teachings will be more fully understood from the following description, taken together with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and/or advantages of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments according to the teachings of the invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal atomizing pulverizing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotating disc assembly of a centrifugal atomizing pulverizing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a bar feeding assembly of a centrifugal atomizing pulverizing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic process flow diagram of a centrifugal atomization pulverizing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The meaning of the reference numerals in the drawings is as follows:
1. an atomizing chamber; 2. a rotating disc assembly; 3. a driving mechanism; 4. a bar feed mechanism; 6. A plasma generating device; 7. a metal liquid stream; 8. a metal droplet; 9. a coupling;
1-1, a water-cooling interlayer; 1-2, an air inlet pipe;
2-1, rotating the disc body; 2-2, a working surface of the rotating disc;
3-1, a motor rotor; 3-3, a motor base; 3-4, a motor cover plate;
4-1, bar stock; 4-2, a bar rotary driving motor; 4-3, a bar rotary driving motor base; 4-4, a bar feeding driving motor; 4-5, driving a screw rod;
5-1, 5-2, dynamic sealing device;
6-1, a plasma gun; 6-2, a plasma torch.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are set forth below, along with the accompanying drawings.
Aspects of the invention are described in this disclosure with reference to the drawings, in which are shown a number of illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily intended to include all aspects of the invention. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in more detail below, may be implemented in any of a number of ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any implementation. Additionally, some aspects of the disclosure may be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the disclosure.
Centrifugal atomizing powder making device
The centrifugal atomizing powder manufacturing device of the exemplary embodiment shown in connection with fig. 1 to 3 includes: an atomizing chamber 1, a rotary disk assembly 2, a driving mechanism 3 for driving the rotary disk assembly to rotate at a high speed, a bar feeding mechanism 4, a dynamic sealing device (5-1; 5-2) and a plasma generating device 6.
The atomizing chamber 1 is in a horizontal cylinder shape. Referring to fig. 1, water-cooling interlayers 1-1 are arranged at two ends and on the side walls of an atomization chamber 1, and the atomization preparation process is cooled by circulation of a cooling medium. Meanwhile, at least one air inlet pipe 1-2 is arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber 1, so that gas replacement can be performed, vacuumizing and inert atmosphere environment formation can be performed in the atomizing chamber, and bar materials and powder materials are prevented from being oxidized and elements are prevented from volatilizing at high temperature.
In an alternative embodiment, the air inlet pipe 1-2 is positioned above the rotary disk main body, and is used for supplementing air in the air replacement process and cooling the rotary disk assembly in the atomization powder process. The inner diameter of the air inlet pipe is 5-10 mm.
One end of the atomizing chamber is provided with a rotary disk assembly 2 and a driving mechanism 3 for driving the rotary disk assembly 2 to rotate at a high speed. The drive mechanism 3 and the rotary disk assembly 2 are coaxially arranged, and both are formed with through holes penetrating the drive mechanism and the rotary disk assembly in the center direction, as shown in connection with fig. 1.
The other end of the atomizing chamber is provided with a plasma generating device 6, which comprises a plasma gun 6-1, wherein the plasma gun 6-1 is arranged in the atomizing chamber and is used for forming a plasma torch 6-2 in the atomizing chamber. Wherein the center of the plasma gun 6-1 is at the same level as the through hole.
And the bar feeding mechanism 4 is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for rotating in a bar spiral mode and feeding the bar into the inside of the atomizing chamber 1 through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly. Wherein the bar feeding process is coaxially arranged with the through hole and is at the same level with the center of the plasma gun.
With reference to fig. 1, a bar fed into the atomizing chamber is melted by a plasma torch to generate a metal liquid flow 7, and the metal liquid flow is thrown out along the edge of the working surface based on centrifugal force after reaching the working surface 2-2 of the rotating disc assembly 2 rotating at a high speed, so as to obtain fine metal liquid drops 8, and the fine metal liquid drops fly and are cooled in an inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber, so that spherical powder is obtained.
With reference to fig. 1, the rotary disk assembly 2 comprises a rotary disk body 2-1 having a through hole, the rotary disk body 2-1 being disposed coaxially with the driving mechanism 3, and the rotary disk body 2-1 being at least partially located outside the atomizing chamber, being mounted on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber by a dynamic seal device 5-1, and being driven to rotate at a high speed by the driving mechanism 3 via a coupling 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the rotating disc body 2-1 also extends at least partially into the atomizing chamber and forms a working surface 2-2 at the end for effecting the throwing out of the metal droplets by high-speed centrifugation. With reference to fig. 1, the working surface 2-2 of the rotating disc assembly is located inside the atomizing chamber and has an inward concave angle toward the plasma generator. Alternatively, the rotary disk main body 2-1 is made of a high-temperature alloy material, and the working surface 2-2 is made of the same material as the powder-making raw material.
Optionally, the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is fixedly connected with the rotating disc main body through threads, and the diameter of the outermost ring of the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is 60-100mm.
The driving mechanism 3 is positioned outside the atomizing chamber 1, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupling 9 and drives the rotating disc assembly and the working surface thereof to rotate at a high speed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the driving mechanism 3 includes a motor base 3-3 and a motor rotor 3-1 provided in the motor base, and an output shaft (rotor shaft) 3-1 of the motor rotor is connected to a coupling 9, and torque output is achieved by transfer of the motor rotor. The end part of the motor base 3-3 is also provided with a motor cover plate 3-4, and a dynamic sealing device 5-2 is arranged between the bar stock 4-1 and the motor cover plate 3-4.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, a through hole is formed at the center of the rotor shaft of the motor rotor to allow the bar to coaxially pass through and into the rotating disc body and pass through the rotating disc body into the atomizing chamber.
Referring to fig. 3, the bar feeding mechanism 4 includes a bar rotation driving motor 4-2, a bar rotation driving motor base 4-3, a bar feeding driving motor 4-4, and a transmission screw 4-5. The bar rotation driving motor 4-2 is coaxially arranged with the bar 4-1 and is used for driving the bar to rotate around the axis of the bar. The bar rotating driving motor 4-2 is arranged on the bar rotating driving motor base 4-3, and the bar rotating driving motor base 4-3 is in threaded sleeve connection with the transmission screw 4-5. The bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is in transmission connection with the transmission screw 4-5 and can drive the transmission screw to rotate, so that the bar rotating driving motor base 4-3 can move in the horizontal direction along the transmission screw 4-5 when the transmission screw 4-5 rotates, the bar feeding is realized, and the bar is fed into the atomizing chamber 1 through the through hole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the through hole is 25-45mm, and the diameter of the bar stock is 20-40mm.
Centrifugal atomizing powder-making method
In combination with the flow shown in fig. 4, the centrifugal atomization pulverizing device according to the foregoing embodiment of the present invention is used for the centrifugal atomization pulverizing process, and includes the following steps:
after the bars for powder preparation are placed at the initial stage, checking and confirming the tightness of the device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation, starting vacuumizing and adding inert gas for gas replacement so as to avoid oxidation and element volatilization of the bars and the powder at high temperature;
and feeding the bar stock to a smelting starting position in the atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, driving the rotating disc to rotate, starting a plasma generator to start an arc when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is free from abnormality, and regulating the rotating disc rotating speed, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed according to a preset process after the plasma torch reaches a stable state to start an atomization powder process.
As a specific example, the method for preparing powder by centrifugal atomization mainly comprises the following specific steps:
step S101, charging: filling the powder raw materials into a feeding system, and checking the sealing of the system;
step S102, atmosphere assurance: pre-evacuating the atomizing chamber to 1 x 10 -2 Under Pa, and filling high-purity inert gas to 0.15-0.25 bar;
step S103, positioning the bar stock: regulating the rotating speed and the feeding speed of the bar stock, and starting to enable the bar stock to be fed to a smelting starting position in a rotating way;
step S104, starting a rotating disc: presetting the rotating speed of the turntable and starting the turntable to confirm that the turntable rotates stably without abnormality;
step S105, arc starting and melting: presetting plasma torch parameters, starting a power supply of a plasma generating system, and confirming that the plasma arc flame state is stable;
step S106, adjusting parameters: according to the preset process and actual effect, setting key process parameters including plasma torch current intensity, rotating speed of a rotating disk, bar feeding speed and rotating speed.
Step S107, atomizing and pulverizing: under stable technological parameters, the bar is melted by a plasma torch to form liquid flow, the liquid flow falls on a rotating disc rotating at a high speed, and is thrown out by centrifugal force to be broken into fine liquid drops, and the fine liquid drops are cooled and solidified into spherical particles under inert atmosphere in an atomizing chamber.
In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the high purity inert gas is Ar gas or Ar/He mixed gas, and the gas purity is not less than 99.99%.
In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the bar rotation speed is adjusted in a range of 0-500 r/min, the feed speed is adjusted in a range of 0-60 mm/min, and the rotating disc rotation speed is adjusted in a range of 0-32000 r/min.
In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment parameters of the plasma system include a plasma torch current intensity and a plasma arc flame length, wherein the current adjustment range is 700-2000A, and the plasma arc flame length is adjusted in an auxiliary manner by controlling a distance between the bar and the plasma torch, and the distance ranges from 15 to 45 mm.
In one possible implementation mode of the invention, the atomization pulverizing process achieves the aim of uniform speed material melting by regulating and controlling the bar feeding speed and the output power of a plasma heat source and matching parameters based on the characteristics of the materials, and liquid drops melted by the bar are accepted by a coaxially rotating turntable with high speed and thrown out with high speed, and are cooled and solidified into spherical metal powder in the atmosphere of an atomization chamber.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by taking three powder materials such as TC4 titanium alloy, GH4169 superalloy and 316L stainless steel as examples respectively in combination with a process flow drawing and a device drawing of the invention.
Example 1
Firstly, TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 with the diameter of 40mm is arranged in a feeding mechanism 4, the TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 is connected with a bar rotation driving motor, a bar feeding driving motor is started, and a transmission screw rod drives a bar rotation driving motor base to feed, so that the bar 4-1 is fed and passes through a dynamic sealing device.
Pre-evacuating the atomising chamber 1 to 5 x 10 -3 Pa, and Ar gas with a purity of 99.999% to 0.15 bar was charged through the gas inlet 1-2.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 to be 120 r/min, starting the feeding at 25 mm/min, rotating and feeding the bar 4-1, and enabling the end of the bar to sequentially pass through the driving mechanism 3 of the rotating disc and the rotating disc assembly, reach the smelting starting position and stop.
The initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly is 22000 r/min, the driving motor of the rotating disc is started, the rotating disc main body and the working face rotate at high speed through the transmission of a coupler connected with the rotor of the driving motor of the rotating disc, the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost ring of the working face of the rotating disc is 85 mm.
Setting the initial working current of the plasma generating system to 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming that the state of the plasma torch 6-2 is stable and normal;
according to the preset process and actual effect, setting atomizing powder making process parameters, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1600A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 26000 r/min, the bar feeding speed is 28 mm/min and the bar rotating speed is 150 r/min.
In the stable atomization pulverizing process, the end part of a TC4 titanium alloy bar 4-1 fed in a low-speed rotation mode is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, generated TC4 titanium alloy metal liquid 7 flows onto a rotating disc working surface 2-2 rotating at a high speed under the sufficient degree of superheat, is thrown out along the edge of the rotating disc working surface under the action of centrifugal force, fine metal liquid drops are obtained, and the spherical TC4 titanium alloy powder is obtained through flying and cooling in an inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1.
Example 2
Firstly, GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 with the diameter of 30 mm is loaded into a feeding mechanism, the GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 is connected with a bar rotation driving motor 4-2, a bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is started, a bar rotation driving motor base 4-3 is driven to feed through a transmission screw 4-5, and the bar 4-1 is fed and passes through a dynamic sealing device 5-2.
The atomizing chamber 1 was pre-evacuated to 4.5 x 10 -2 Pa, and Ar gas with a purity of 99.999% to 0.20 bar was charged through the gas inlet 1-2.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 to be 100 r/min, starting the feeding at 25 mm/min, rotating and feeding the bar 4-1, and enabling the end of the bar to sequentially pass through the driving mechanism 3 of the rotating disc and the rotating disc assembly, reach the smelting starting position and stop.
The initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly is set to be 22000 r/min, a driving motor of the rotating disc is started, high-speed rotation of the rotating disc main body 2-1 and the working face 2-2 is realized through the transmission of a coupler connected with a motor rotor, the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost ring of the working face of the rotating disc is 70 mm.
Setting the initial working current of the plasma generation system 6 to 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming that the state of the plasma torch 6-2 is stable and normal;
according to the preset process and actual effect, setting atomizing powder making process parameters, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1500A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 25000 r/min, the feeding speed of a bar is 40 mm/min, and the rotating speed of the bar is 120 r/min.
In the stable atomization pulverizing process, the end part of a GH4169 high-temperature alloy bar 4-1 fed in a low-speed rotation mode is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, generated GH4169 high-temperature alloy metal liquid 7 flows onto a rotating disc working surface 2-2 rotating at a high speed under the sufficient superheat degree, is thrown out along the edge of the rotating disc working surface under the centrifugal force effect to obtain fine metal liquid drops, and flies and cools in an inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1 to obtain spherical GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder
Example 3
Firstly, a 316L stainless steel bar 4-1 with the diameter of 20 mm is arranged in a feeding mechanism 4,316L, the stainless steel bar 4-1 is connected with a bar rotation driving motor 4-2, a bar feeding driving motor 4-4 is started, a bar rotation driving motor base 4-3 is driven to feed through a transmission screw 4-5, and the bar 4-1 is fed and passes through a dynamic sealing device 5-2.
The atomizing chamber 1 was pre-evacuated to 2.0 x 10 -2 Pa, and Ar gas having a purity of 99.999% was charged to 0.25 bar through the gas inlet.
Setting the rotating speed of the bar 4-1 to be 60 r/min, starting the feeding at 25 mm/min, and rotating and feeding the bar 4-1, wherein the end part of the bar passes through the rotating disc driving mechanism 3 and the rotating disc 2 in sequence, reaches the smelting starting position and stops.
The initial rotating speed of the rotating disc assembly is set to be 22000 r/min, the driving motor is started, the rotating disc main body 2-1 and the working face 2-2 rotate at high speed through the transmission of a coupler connected with a motor rotor, the rotating speed reaches the preset initial rotating speed, and the diameter of the outermost layer of the working face is 60 mm.
Setting the initial working current of the plasma generation system 6 to 1400A, starting a power supply, and observing and confirming that the state of the plasma torch 6-2 is stable and normal;
according to the preset process and actual effect, setting atomizing powder making process parameters, wherein the current intensity of a plasma torch is 1400A, the rotating speed of a rotating disc is 25000 r/min, the feeding speed of a bar is 55 mm/min, and the rotating speed of the bar is 75 r/min.
In the stable atomization pulverizing process, the end part of a 316L stainless steel bar 4-1 fed in a low-speed rotation mode is melted by a high-temperature plasma torch 6-2, the generated 316L stainless steel metal liquid 7 flows onto a rotating disc working surface 2-2 rotating at a high speed under the sufficient degree of superheat, is thrown out along the edge of the rotating disc working surface under the action of centrifugal force, fine metal liquid drops are obtained, and the spherical 316L stainless steel powder with ideal sphericity and purity is obtained through flying and cooling in an inert atmosphere in an atomization chamber 1.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A device for centrifugal atomization pulverizing, comprising:
an atomization chamber which is in a horizontal cylinder shape;
the rotary disk assembly is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary disk assembly to rotate, wherein the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly are coaxial, and a through hole penetrating through the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly is formed in the center direction of the driving mechanism and the rotary disk assembly;
a plasma generator arranged at the other end of the atomizing chamber and provided with a plasma gun arranged in the atomizing chamber for forming a plasma torch in the atomizing chamber; the center of the plasma gun and the through hole are positioned at the same level;
the bar feeding mechanism is arranged at one end of the atomizing chamber and is used for rotating in a bar spiral mode and feeding the bar into the atomizing chamber through the through hole to reach the working surface of the rotating disc assembly; the bar feeding process is coaxially arranged with the through hole and is in the same level with the center of the plasma gun;
the bar stock fed into the atomizing chamber is melted by a plasma torch to generate metal liquid, and the metal liquid is thrown out along the edge of the working surface based on centrifugal force after reaching the working surface of the rotating disc assembly rotating at high speed, so that fine metal liquid drops are obtained, and the metal liquid drops fly and are cooled in an inert atmosphere in the atomizing chamber to obtain spherical powder;
the working surface of the rotating disc assembly is positioned in the atomization chamber and has a concave angle towards the direction of the plasma generator; the driving mechanism is positioned outside the atomizing chamber, is connected with the rotating disc assembly through a coupler and drives the rotating disc assembly to rotate;
the rotary disk assembly comprises a rotary disk body with a through hole, wherein the rotary disk body is coaxially arranged with the driving mechanism, and is at least partially positioned outside the atomizing chamber, is installed on the outer wall of the atomizing chamber through a dynamic sealing device, and is driven by the driving mechanism through a coupler.
2. A centrifugal atomizing powder making apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating disc body at least partially also extends into the atomizing chamber and forms said working surface at the end for effecting the throwing out of the metal droplets by high-speed centrifugation.
3. A centrifugal atomizing powder-making device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a motor base and a motor rotor arranged in the motor base, the motor rotor is connected with a coupling, and torque output is realized through the transfer of the motor rotor; the end part of the motor base is also provided with a motor cover plate, and a dynamic sealing device is arranged between the bar stock and the motor cover plate.
4. A centrifugal atomizing powder-making apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the through hole is formed in the center of the rotor shaft of the motor rotor.
5. The apparatus for centrifugal atomizing powder process according to claim 1, wherein the bar feeding mechanism comprises a bar rotation driving motor, a bar rotation driving motor base, a bar feeding driving motor and a transmission screw; the bar rotating driving motor is coaxially arranged with the bar and is used for driving the bar to rotate around the axis of the bar; the bar rotating and driving motor is arranged on a bar rotating and driving motor base, the bar rotating and driving motor base is in threaded sleeve connection with a transmission screw, the bar feeding and driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission screw and can drive the transmission screw to rotate, and the bar rotating and driving motor base is arranged to move in the horizontal direction along the transmission screw when the transmission screw rotates, so that bars penetrate through the through holes and are fed into the atomizing chamber.
6. A centrifugal atomizing powder-making apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the through hole is 25-45 and mm, and the diameter of the bar stock is 20-40 and mm.
7. A centrifugal atomizing powder-making apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one air inlet pipe for introducing inert gas is provided on a side wall of the atomizing chamber.
8. A centrifugal atomizing pulverizing method based on the centrifugal atomizing pulverizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
after the bars for powder preparation are placed at the initial stage, checking and confirming the tightness of the device for centrifugal atomization powder preparation, starting vacuumizing and adding inert gas for gas replacement so as to avoid oxidation and element volatilization of the bars and the powder at high temperature;
and feeding the bar stock to a smelting starting position in the atomizing chamber in a rotating mode, driving the rotating disc to rotate, starting a plasma generator to start an arc when the rotating disc reaches a preset rotating speed and is free from abnormality, and regulating the rotating disc rotating speed, the current intensity of the plasma torch, the bar stock feeding speed and the bar stock rotating speed according to a preset process after the plasma torch reaches a stable state to start an atomization powder process.
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| CN115283683B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-08-01 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and system of high sphericity and low oxygen increment titanium alloy powder |
| WO2024000919A1 (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-01-04 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and system for titanium or titanium alloy powder having high degree of sphericity and low oxygen increment |
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