CN114054765A - Powder making device and powder making method - Google Patents
Powder making device and powder making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114054765A CN114054765A CN202111342275.XA CN202111342275A CN114054765A CN 114054765 A CN114054765 A CN 114054765A CN 202111342275 A CN202111342275 A CN 202111342275A CN 114054765 A CN114054765 A CN 114054765A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
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- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009690 centrifugal atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of powder preparation, in particular to a powder preparation device and a powder preparation method. The powder making device comprises a rotary feeding part, a plasma gun assembly and an ultrasonic assembly; the rotary feeding part is used for installing a consumable electrode and driving the consumable electrode to spin and feed; the plasma gun assembly includes a transmitting electrode for transmitting a plasma arc; the transmitting electrode is connected with the ultrasonic assembly and can receive and transmit ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic assembly. The invention can solve the problems that the conventional plasma arc is relatively dispersed, the heat loss is serious, the energy density is relatively low, and the preparation of the high-melting-point metal material powder is not facilitated, and can be used for producing fine-grain-size powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder preparation, in particular to a powder preparation device and a powder preparation method.
Background
The plasma rotating electrode atomizing powder-making technology (PREP) is that The end of electrode consumable rotating at high speed is locally melted by plasma arc to form liquid film, The liquid film is converted into liquid line and further into liquid drop under The action of centrifugal force, and The liquid drop is cooled and solidified in inert gas atmosphere and finally forms required spherical powder under The action of surface tension. Based on the centrifugal atomization principle, the powder prepared by the PREP has the characteristics of good sphericity, less or no satellite powder, low impurity content and the like, and the powder is promoted to be widely applied and rapidly developed in the field of additive manufacturing.
The plasma arc is used as a high-temperature PREP heat source, and the arc characteristic of the plasma arc has important influence on a molten liquid film or a molten pool on the end face of the consumable. However, the conventional plasma arc is relatively dispersive, has serious heat loss and low energy density, and is not beneficial to the preparation of high-melting-point metal material powder. Moreover, even if the energy density of the plasma arc is increased, further production of fine particle size powders is still a problem.
Therefore, in the process of pre powder preparation, the development of a method for preparing powder of high-melting-point metal material and powder with fine particle size has important application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a powder preparation device and a powder preparation method, which can solve the problems that the conventional plasma arc is dispersed, the heat loss is serious, the energy density is low, and the preparation of high-melting-point metal material powder is not facilitated, and can be used for producing fine-particle-size powder.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a powder making device comprises a rotary feeding part, a plasma gun assembly and an ultrasonic assembly;
the rotary feeding part is used for installing a consumable electrode and driving the consumable electrode to rotate, and can drive a consumption end of the consumable electrode to feed to the plasma gun assembly;
the plasma gun assembly comprises an emitting electrode, the emitting electrode is used for emitting a plasma arc, and the plasma arc can act on the consumption end of the consumable electrode to melt a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film;
the transmitting electrode is connected with the ultrasonic assembly, the transmitting electrode can receive and transmit ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic assembly, and the liquid film can fly away and break under the spin centrifugal force and the ultrasonic vibration force.
In one embodiment, the emitter electrode is capable of propagating ultrasonic waves toward the plasma arc and the consumable electrode.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic horn;
the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected with the transmitting electrode.
In one embodiment, the emitter electrode is a tungsten electrode or a tungsten alloy electrode.
In one embodiment, the plasma gun assembly further comprises a nozzle, and the plasma arc emitted by the emitter electrode can be ejected by compression of the nozzle.
In one embodiment, the pulverizing apparatus further comprises a working chamber;
the working cavity is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is used for allowing the consumption end of the consumable electrode to enter the working cavity;
the rotary feeder may be connected to the other end of the consumable electrode.
In one embodiment, the powder making device further comprises a dynamic sealing part, and the dynamic sealing part can be in contact with the rotary feeding part and/or the consumable electrode and is used for sealing the feeding hole to enable the working chamber to be sealed in a working state.
In one embodiment, one end of the transmitting electrode for transmitting the plasma arc is located in the working cavity, the end face of the transmitting electrode is opposite to the end face of the consumable end of the consumable electrode in the working cavity, and the other end of the transmitting electrode is located outside the working cavity and connected with the ultrasonic assembly.
In one embodiment, the powder making device further comprises a port and/or a discharge hole;
the interface comprises a ventilation port for interfacing with a gas conditioning device and/or a suction port for communicating with a vacuum;
the discharge hole is used for being communicated with the powder collecting device.
A powder preparation method uses the powder preparation device, and comprises the following steps:
installing a consumable electrode on the rotary feeding part, starting the rotary feeding part, the plasma gun assembly and the ultrasonic assembly, enabling the consumable electrode to spin, feeding the consumption end of the consumable electrode to the plasma gun assembly, melting a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film under the action of a plasma arc, and flying and crushing the liquid film under the action of spin centrifugal force and ultrasonic vibration force to prepare powder.
Compared with the traditional scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention connects the transmitting electrode used for transmitting the plasma arc in the plasma gun component with the ultrasonic component, when the powder making device is used, the transmitting electrode receives and transmits ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic wave output end, the shape of the plasma arc can be improved under the influence of the ultrasonic waves output by the transmitting electrode, the plasma arc generated by the transmitting electrode is compressed, the arc is contracted and gathered, the energy density is high, the end face of the consumable electrode is more fully and efficiently melted, and the plasma arc is more stable and can be used for preparing high-melting-point metal material powder. Meanwhile, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the consumable electrode in a non-contact mode, a liquid film melted by the consumable electrode has a cavitation effect and a sound flow stirring effect, the sound flow stirring effect can reduce the temperature gradient of the liquid film, and therefore the problems that the particle size of the prepared powder is too large and the yield of fine powder is low due to rapid solidification and agglomeration caused by uneven temperature when the liquid film flies away and is broken are solved or avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulverizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a plasma gun assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasound assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a rotary feeding part 1, a dynamic sealing part 2, a working cavity 3, a consumable electrode 4, a vacuumizing device 6, a plasma gun assembly 7, an ultrasonic assembly 8, a gas regulating device 9 and a powder collecting device 10;
an emitter electrode 7-1, a nozzle 7-2;
an ultrasonic generator 8-1, an ultrasonic transducer 8-2 and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8-3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Term(s) for
Unless otherwise stated or contradicted, terms or phrases used herein have the following meanings:
in the present invention, the technical features described in the open type include a closed technical solution composed of the listed features, and also include an open technical solution including the listed features.
In the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
It should also be understood that in explaining the connection relationship or the positional relationship of the elements, although not explicitly described, the connection relationship and the positional relationship are interpreted to include an error range which should be within an acceptable deviation range of a specific value determined by those skilled in the art. For example, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" may mean within one or more standard deviations, without limitation.
As used herein, the term "and/or", "and/or" includes any one of two or more of the associated listed items, as well as any and all combinations of the associated listed items, including any two of the associated listed items, any more of the associated listed items, or all combinations of the associated listed items.
In the present invention, "one or more" means any one, any two or more of the listed items. Wherein, the 'several' means any two or more than any two.
In the present invention, "preferred" is only an embodiment or an example for better description, and it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the present invention, the numerical range is defined to include both end points of the numerical range unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, the "consumable end of the consumable electrode" is understood to mean an end of the consumable electrode where the liquid film is formed, and is a region to be processed.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of embodiments of the invention, which are not necessarily drawn to scale. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities.
The PREP is to melt the end of the electrode consumable rotating at high speed locally through a plasma arc to form a liquid film, the liquid film is changed into a liquid line and further becomes liquid drops under the action of centrifugal force, and the liquid drops are cooled and solidified under the inert gas atmosphere and finally form required spherical powder under the action of surface tension.
The plasma arc is used as a high-temperature PREP heat source, and the arc characteristic of the plasma arc has important influence on a molten liquid film or a molten pool on the end face of the consumable. However, the conventional plasma arc is relatively dispersive, has serious heat loss and low energy density, and is not beneficial to the preparation of high-melting-point metal material powder. At present, a scheme is reported, a plasma arc with high energy density is obtained through the combined action of mechanical compression of a compression nozzle and electromagnetic compression of a focusing coil, so that the preparation of iron-based powder is realized, the electromagnetic compression can effectively improve the energy density of the plasma arc, but the method has limited action on a liquid film on the end face of a consumable, the liquid film is broken only through centrifugal force to form liquid drops, further powder is formed, and the requirement of efficiently refining the particle size of the powder cannot be met. The method can improve the atomization efficiency and reduce the particle size distribution of the powder, but the device can not realize high-rotating-speed operation and is not beneficial to the preparation of the high-melting-point metal fine powder. A scheme is also reported, based on secondary ultrasonic atomization, liquid lines are bombarded by high-energy beam ultrasonic waves to promote long metal droplets to be broken into short metal droplets, the device and the method can refine the particle size of the prepared powder, but the ultrasonic bombardment has limited effect on a liquid film at the end part of a consumable material, and the plasma arc state cannot be improved or the energy density of the plasma arc cannot be improved. A scheme is also reported, wherein a proper amount of cooling gas (such as helium and argon) is applied to the periphery of the consumable through a circulating nozzle, and the generation of fine-grained powder can be effectively increased by utilizing the gas turbulence characteristic of the cooling gas. However, if too much cooling gas is applied, the cooling effect characteristic is dominant, which leads to an increase in the particle size of the powder.
Therefore, in the process of pre powder preparation, the development of a method for preparing powder of high-melting-point metal material and powder with fine particle size has important application value.
As shown in fig. 1, the powder manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotary feeding unit 1, a dynamic seal unit 2, a working chamber 3, a consumable electrode 4, a suction port communicating with a vacuum pumping unit 6, a plasma gun assembly 7, an ultrasonic assembly 8, a ventilation port abutting against a gas regulating unit 9, and a discharge port communicating with a powder collecting unit 10.
In this embodiment, the working chamber 3 is an atomization chamber, and is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is used for allowing a consumption end of the consumable electrode 4 to enter the working chamber 3; the rotary feeding part 1 is connected with the other end of the consumable electrode 4 and is used for driving the consumable electrode 4 to spin and driving the consumption end of the consumable electrode 4 to feed to the plasma gun assembly. The dynamic sealing part 2 is used for plugging the feed inlet, so that the working cavity 3 is sealed in a working state. In the operating state, the consumable electrode 4 is driven to rotate by the rotary feeder.
Alternatively, the dynamic seal 2 is in contact with the rotary feeder 1 and/or the consumable electrode 4, which can be understood as: the dynamic seal part 2 is contacted with the rotary feeding part 1, or the dynamic seal part 2 is contacted with the consumable electrode 4, or the dynamic seal part 2 is simultaneously contacted with the rotary feeding part 1 and the consumable electrode 4. When the dynamic sealing part 2 is contacted with the rotary feeding part 1, the consumable electrode 4 completely enters the working cavity 3; when the dynamic seal 2 is in contact with the consumable electrode 4, the rotary feeder is completely outside the working chamber 3.
In this embodiment, before machining, the dynamic seal portion 2 is in contact with the rotary feed portion 1 and the consumable electrode 4 at the same time, and as the consumable electrode 4 is continuously machined in the working chamber 3, the rotary feed portion 1 continuously pushes the consumable electrode 4 into the working chamber 3, and after machining, the dynamic seal portion 2 is in contact with the rotary feed portion 1.
It can be understood that the dynamic sealing part is provided with an opening capable of accommodating the rotary feeding part and/or the consumable electrode, the size of the feeding hole and the size of the opening of the dynamic sealing part can be preset, and when the consumable electrode feeding device is used, the feeding hole can be firstly sealed by the dynamic sealing part, and then the consumable electrode can be fed into the working chamber from the opening of the dynamic sealing part. This arrangement avoids air leakage.
The gas adjusting device 9 and the vacuum pumping device 6 can be in butt joint or communication with the working chamber 3 of the powder making device of the embodiment through the air vent and the suction port, and the air vent and the suction port can be further provided with a passing valve, so that the gas adjusting device 9 and the vacuum pumping device 6 are not in butt joint or communication with the working chamber 3 of the powder making device of the embodiment.
The powder collecting device 10 is used for collecting the condensed powder in the working chamber 3 of the powder making device of the embodiment. It can be understood that, the powder collecting device 10 is located below the working chamber 3 of the powder making device of the embodiment and is communicated with the working chamber, and the condensed powder falls into the powder collecting device under the action of self weight.
Alternatively, the plasma torch assembly 7 may be located partially or entirely within the working chamber 3; the ultrasound assembly 8 may be located partially or entirely within the working chamber 3, or the ultrasound assembly 8 may be located entirely outside the working chamber 3.
In this embodiment, the plasma torch assembly 7 is partially located within the working chamber 3 and partially located outside the working chamber 3. it will be appreciated that within the working chamber 3, the plasma torch assembly emits a plasma arc to the consumable electrode 4. It will be appreciated that within the working chamber 3, the plasma gun assembly 7 is disposed opposite the consumable end of the consumable electrode 4.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the plasma gun assembly in this embodiment, the plasma gun assembly 7 includes an emitter electrode 7-1 and a nozzle 7-2 enclosed by a housing, the emitter electrode 7-1 is used for emitting a plasma arc, and the plasma arc can act on a consumption end of the consumable electrode 4 to melt a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film.
In this embodiment, the emitter electrode 7-1 is a tungsten electrode as a cathode. In other embodiments, the emitter electrode may also be a tungsten alloy electrode.
The plasma arc emitted from the emitter electrode 7-1 can be compressively ejected by the nozzle 7-2. Can play a role in improving the energy density of the plasma arc.
In this embodiment, the nozzle 7-2 is located within the working chamber 3.
In this embodiment, one end of the emitter electrode 7-1 for emitting the plasma arc is located in the working chamber 3, and the end surface is disposed opposite to the end surface of the consumable electrode 4 in the working chamber, and the other end of the emitter electrode 7-1 is located outside the working chamber 3 and connected to the ultrasonic assembly 8.
In the embodiment, the transmitting electrode 7-1 is connected with the ultrasonic assembly 8, the transmitting electrode 7-1 can receive and transmit ultrasonic waves, and the liquid film can fly away and break under the rotating centrifugal force and the ultrasonic vibration force.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrasonic assembly of this embodiment, the ultrasonic assembly 8 includes an ultrasonic generator 8-1, an ultrasonic transducer 8-2 and an ultrasonic horn 8-3, the ultrasonic generator 8-1 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 8-2, the ultrasonic transducer 8-2 is connected to the ultrasonic horn 8-3, and the ultrasonic horn 8-3 is connected to the emitter electrode 7-1; the ultrasonic generator 8-1 is used for generating ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic transducer is used for converting the ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8-3 is used for amplifying the ultrasonic waves.
Optionally, the working frequency of the ultrasonic generator is between 20 and 100kHz, and the power of the ultrasonic generator is between 0 and 5000W.
In this embodiment, one end of the emitter electrode 7-1 is used for emitting a plasma arc, and the other end is connected to the ultrasonic horn 8-3. Furthermore, the other end is fixedly connected with an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8-3.
In other embodiments, the ultrasonic horn may be attached to other positions of the transmitting electrode, and further, the ultrasonic horn may be fixedly attached to other positions of the transmitting electrode.
In other embodiments, the transmitting electrode may also be directly connected to the ultrasound transducer in the ultrasound assembly. It will be appreciated that one end of the emitter electrode is used to emit the plasma arc and the other end is connected to an ultrasonic transducer. It will be further appreciated that the other end is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic transducer. It will also be appreciated that the ultrasonic transducer is connected at other locations on the transmit electrode. It is further understood that the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly connected to the transmitting electrode at other positions.
After being connected with the ultrasonic assembly 7, the transmitting electrode 7-1 can receive and propagate ultrasonic waves to become an ultrasonic wave output end, and further, because the transmitting electrode 7-1 is also used for transmitting plasma electric arcs to act on the consumable surface of the consumable electrode 4, the transmitting electrode 7-1 can preferentially propagate the ultrasonic waves to the plasma electric arcs and the consumable electrode 4. Under the influence of ultrasonic waves output by the transmitting electrode 7-1, the form of a plasma arc can be improved, the plasma arc generated by the transmitting electrode 7-1 is compressed, the arc is contracted and gathered, the energy density is high, the end face is more fully and efficiently melted, the plasma arc is more stable, and the method can be used for preparing high-melting-point metal material powder. Meanwhile, the consumable electrode melted by the plasma arc is close to the emitting electrode 7-1, ultrasonic waves are preferentially transmitted to the consumable electrode in a non-contact mode, a liquid film melted by the consumable electrode has a cavitation effect and an acoustic flow stirring effect, the acoustic flow stirring can reduce the temperature gradient of the liquid film, and therefore the problems that the particle size of the prepared powder is too large and the yield of fine powder is low due to rapid solidification and agglomeration caused by nonuniform temperature during flying and crushing of the liquid film are reduced or avoided.
The invention also provides a powdering method, which adopts the technical scheme that:
a powder preparation method uses the powder preparation device, and comprises the following steps:
installing a consumable electrode on the rotary feeding part, starting the rotary feeding part, the plasma gun assembly and the ultrasonic assembly, enabling the consumable electrode to spin, feeding the consumption end of the consumable electrode to the plasma gun assembly, melting a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film under the action of a plasma arc, and flying and crushing the liquid film under the action of spin centrifugal force and ultrasonic vibration force to prepare powder.
Specifically, installation of the consumable electrode: the consumable electrode is fed into the working chamber through the opening of the dynamic sealing part for plugging the feeding hole of the working chamber, and the other end of the consumable electrode is connected with the rotary feeding part.
Vacuumizing the working cavity: and the vacuum degree in the working cavity is less than 0.01Pa by using a vacuumizing device to draw the vacuum of the working cavity.
Inflating the working cavity: protective gas is filled into the working cavity through the gas regulating device, and the pressure in the working cavity is between 0.04MPa and 0.08 MPa.
Rotary feeding: and setting the working rotating speed and the feeding speed of the rotary feeding part according to the specific material of the consumable electrode, starting the rotary feeding part, enabling the consumable electrode to reach the preset rotating speed, and controlling the minimum distance between the end surface of the consumable electrode in the working cavity and the plasma gun assembly to be between 30mm and 100 mm.
Starting a plasma gun assembly: setting plasma arc current according to the consumable electrode, starting a plasma gun assembly, generating a plasma arc from the end face of one end of the tungsten cathode, and acting on the consumable electrode end under the influence of ultrasonic auxiliary compression.
Starting an ultrasonic assembly: setting the power of an ultrasonic generator, starting the ultrasonic generator, converting the ultrasonic generator by an ultrasonic transducer and amplifying the ultrasonic by an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, taking a tungsten cathode as output ultrasonic and acting on a plasma arc and a consumable electrode.
Powder generation: the consumption end of the consumable electrode is quickly and fully melted into a liquid film under the action of the plasma arc of ultrasonic compression, and the liquid film is separated and broken under the action of non-contact ultrasonic vibration and centrifugal force, so that high-quality fine-grain-size powder is formed by atomization.
And (5) finishing milling: and forming high-quality powder as the consumable electrode continuously rotates and feeds until the consumable electrode reaches a defined length, and finishing the pulverization.
In order to facilitate the follow-up disassembly of the consumable electrode, the length of the consumable electrode is set to be between 10mm and 15 mm.
In the following, the raw materials referred to in the following specific examples are commercially available, unless otherwise specified, the equipment used, and the processes referred to, unless otherwise specified, are all routinely selected by those skilled in the art.
Control group
The embodiment provides a powdering method, which comprises the following steps:
installation of consumable electrode: TC4 metal is used as a consumable electrode, the consumable end of the metal is fed into the working chamber through an opening of a dynamic sealing part for sealing the feed inlet of the working chamber, and the other end of the metal is connected with a rotary feeding part.
Vacuumizing the working cavity: the vacuum degree of the working cavity is 0.008Pa by the vacuumizing device.
Inflating the working cavity: protective gas is filled into the working cavity through a gas regulating device, and the air pressure in the working cavity is 0.06 MPa.
Rotary feeding: setting the working speed of the rotary feeding part to be 35000rpm and the feeding speed to be 1.2mm/s, starting the rotary feeding part, and controlling the minimum distance between the end surface of the consumption end of the TC4 metal and the plasma gun assembly to be 30 mm.
Starting a plasma gun assembly: setting the plasma arc current to 450A, the plasma torch assembly was started and the plasma arc was generated from the end face of one end of the tungsten cathode and acted on the consumable end of the TC4 metal.
Starting an ultrasonic assembly: the power of the ultrasonic generator is set to be 0W, namely the ultrasonic assembly is in an unopened state.
Powder generation: the consumption end of TC4 metal is melted into liquid film under the action of plasma arc, the liquid film is separated and broken under the action of centrifugal force, and the powder is atomized to have a particle size of 53-108 μm.
And (5) finishing milling: the powdering is completed as the TC4 metal continues to be rotary fed to form metal powder until the TC4 metal reaches a defined length.
Examples
The embodiment provides a powdering method, which comprises the following steps:
installation of consumable electrode: TC4 metal is used as a consumable electrode, the consumable end of the metal is fed into the working chamber through an opening of a dynamic sealing part for sealing the feed inlet of the working chamber, and the other end of the metal is connected with a rotary feeding part.
Vacuumizing the working cavity: the vacuum degree of the working cavity is 0.008Pa by the vacuumizing device.
Inflating the working cavity: protective gas is filled into the working cavity through a gas regulating device, and the air pressure in the working cavity is 0.06 MPa.
Rotary feeding: setting the working speed of the rotary feeding part to be 35000rpm and the feeding speed to be 2mm/s, starting the rotary feeding part, and controlling the minimum distance between the end surface of the consumption end of the TC4 metal and the plasma gun assembly to be 30 mm.
Starting a plasma gun assembly: setting the current of a plasma arc to be 450A, starting a plasma gun assembly, wherein the plasma arc is generated by the end face of one end of a tungsten cathode, and is influenced by ultrasonic auxiliary compression and acts on a consumption end of TC4 metal.
Starting an ultrasonic assembly: the power of an ultrasonic generator is set to be 2000W, and the tungsten cathode is used as output ultrasonic waves and acts on a plasma arc and a TC4 metal consumption end through the conversion of an ultrasonic transducer and the amplification of an ultrasonic amplitude transformer.
Powder generation: the consumption end of the TC4 metal is quickly and fully melted into a liquid film under the action of plasma electric arc of ultrasonic compression, and the liquid film is flied away and broken under the action of non-contact ultrasonic vibration and centrifugal force, so that high-quality fine-grain-size powder is formed by atomization, the grain size of the powder is 15-53 mu m, and the processing efficiency of the embodiment is improved by 40% compared with that of a control group.
And (5) finishing milling: the powdering is completed as the TC4 metal continues to rotate and feed to form a high quality powder until the TC4 metal reaches a defined length.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A powder making device is characterized by comprising a rotary feeding part, a plasma gun assembly and an ultrasonic assembly;
the rotary feeding part is used for installing a consumable electrode and driving the consumable electrode to rotate, and can drive a consumption end of the consumable electrode to feed to the plasma gun assembly;
the plasma gun assembly comprises an emitting electrode, the emitting electrode is used for emitting a plasma arc, and the plasma arc can act on the consumption end of the consumable electrode to melt a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film;
the transmitting electrode is connected with the ultrasonic assembly, the transmitting electrode can receive and transmit ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic assembly, and the liquid film can fly away and break under the spin centrifugal force and the ultrasonic vibration force.
2. The powder manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the emitter electrode is capable of propagating ultrasonic waves to the plasma arc and the consumable electrode.
3. The mill of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic horn;
the ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected with the transmitting electrode.
4. The powdering device according to claim 1, wherein the emitter electrode is a tungsten electrode or a tungsten alloy electrode.
5. A milling apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plasma torch assembly further includes a nozzle through which the plasma arc emitted from the emitter electrode is compressively ejected.
6. A mill as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the mill further comprises a working chamber;
the working cavity is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is used for allowing the consumption end of the consumable electrode to enter the working cavity;
the rotary feeder may be connected to the other end of the consumable electrode.
7. The powder manufacturing device of claim 6, further comprising a dynamic seal portion capable of contacting with the rotary feeding portion and/or the consumable electrode for sealing the feeding hole and sealing the working chamber in an operating state.
8. The powder manufacturing apparatus of claim 6, wherein one end of said emitter electrode for emitting the plasma arc is located in said working chamber and the end surface is disposed opposite to the end surface of said consumable electrode in the working chamber, and the other end of said emitter electrode is located outside said working chamber and connected to said ultrasonic assembly.
9. A mill as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the mill further comprises a port and/or a discharge port;
the interface comprises a ventilation port for interfacing with a gas conditioning device and/or a suction port for communicating with a vacuum;
the discharge hole is used for being communicated with the powder collecting device.
10. A powdering method using the powdering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
installing a consumable electrode on the rotary feeding part, starting the rotary feeding part, the plasma gun assembly and the ultrasonic assembly, enabling the consumable electrode to spin, feeding the consumption end of the consumable electrode to the plasma gun assembly, melting a part of the consumable electrode into a liquid film under the action of a plasma arc, and flying and crushing the liquid film under the action of spin centrifugal force and ultrasonic vibration force to prepare powder.
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