CN114226461A - Magnesium alloy plate strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device and application - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy plate strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/46—Roll speed or drive motor control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2267/00—Roll parameters
- B21B2267/12—Roll temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2275/00—Mill drive parameters
- B21B2275/02—Speed
- B21B2275/04—Roll speed
- B21B2275/05—Speed difference between top and bottom rolls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention provides a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device for magnesium alloy plates and strips and application, and belongs to the field of magnesium alloy processing. The invention relates to a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device.A rolling mill is provided with a roller induction heating system and a roller speed regulating system; the roller induction heating system comprises an induction coil, an upper temperature measuring probe and a heating system console, wherein the heating temperature is controlled by the heating system console. The roller speed adjusting system comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a coupling and the like, and is respectively connected with the upper roller and the lower roller; the temperature and the speed of the upper roller and the lower roller are independently adjusted through the master console. The device can set the different speed ratio and the different temperature ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller according to requirements, and performs different-temperature different-speed rolling on the magnesium alloy sheet to prepare the magnesium alloy sheet strip with the thick-direction gradient structure. The device and the process simultaneously solve the two problems that the gradient structure along the thickness direction of the plate and strip is difficult to prepare and the asynchronous rolling plate type is seriously bent in the field of magnesium alloy at present. Provides technical support for the future application development of the wrought magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device for magnesium alloy plates and strips and application, and belongs to the field of magnesium alloy processing.
Background
The deformed magnesium alloy plate strip is widely applied to various light-weight fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, automobile traffic and the like. However, increasingly complex service environments put higher requirements on the structure and performance of magnesium alloy sheet strips, wherein the strong base surface texture of the sheet strips and the difficult preparation of the gradient structure of the sheet strips along the thickness direction are two serious problems limiting the application and the expansion of the deformed magnesium alloy.
It is known that magnesium alloy properties are closely related to its structure state, which is directly related to the temperature in the yield parameter. It is necessary to precisely control the temperature of the rolls, and there are related inventions for controlling the temperature of the rolls in the art, for example, patent No. ZL201310246053.7, which is an invention patent named a magnesium alloy cold rolling apparatus and method, the rolling apparatus is provided with a heating device and a control device, wherein the heating device is respectively provided at the peripheral opposite positions of the lower roll and the upper roll. The temperature of the upper roller and the lower roller is changed by respectively controlling the current flowing through the two heating devices, so that the temperature of the upper surface and the temperature of the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate in the rolling deformation zone are different, and the effect of influencing the texture orientation is achieved. However, the method can cause the plate to bend to the low-temperature side, and the flatness of the plate is poor; and the heating mode is inefficient.
In addition, due to the structural characteristics of the close-packed hexagonal crystal, the magnesium alloy has a single plastic deformation mechanism, a strong base surface texture is easily formed after plastic processing, the subsequent secondary forming is not facilitated, and particularly, the magnesium alloy plate strip is easily influenced by a conventional rolling process to form a strong base surface panel texture. In order to improve the texture of magnesium alloy plate strip, various rolling processes, such as equal channel angular rolling, asynchronous rolling, etc., have been developed. However, both rolling processes have certain limitations: the equal channel diameter angle rolling process is complex and continuous production is difficult to realize; the plate shape rolled asynchronously is bent to the side of the slow roll, and the plate shape flatness is difficult to control. The asynchronous rolling can introduce shear stress along the rolling direction in the process of rolling the strip, adjust the deflection of the strip basal plane along the rolling direction, and effectively improve the basal plane texture of the magnesium alloy strip. However, the asynchronous rolling generates a new serious plate type problem due to the introduction of shear stress while adjusting the texture of a basal plane, the deformation of the surface of a plate contacted with a fast roller of the asynchronous rolling is large, and the deformation of the surface of the plate contacted with a slow roller is small, so that the asynchronous rolling plate and strip materials are often bent towards the slow roller side, the shape and specification of the plate and strip materials are seriously influenced, and the application of the asynchronous rolling technology in the field of magnesium alloy plate and strip materials is greatly limited.
In order to solve the problem of bending of an asynchronous rolled plate, a reverse bending moment is formed by adopting the dislocation amount of an upper roller and a lower roller to reduce the bending value of a rolled plate. Although the mode can improve the problem of asynchronous rolling plate bending, the rolling mill can be damaged by overlarge offset of the upper roller and the lower roller. Therefore, how to improve the asynchronous rolling plate bending problem is also a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems and obtain a good plate type magnesium alloy plate strip with a weak base surface texture, the invention designs a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device for the magnesium alloy plate strip, the plastic deformation capacity of the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip is improved by respectively regulating and controlling the temperature and the speed of an upper roller and a lower roller through a roller induction heating system and a roller speed regulating system, on one hand, the bending degree of the magnesium alloy plate strip is regulated, on the other hand, a performance gradient can be formed in the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy plate, so that the magnesium alloy plate strip can better adapt to a complex service environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a magnesium alloy plate and strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device, which comprises a roller, a rack, a roller induction heating system and a roller speed adjusting system, wherein the roller is arranged on the rack; the roller induction heating system comprises an upper induction coil and an upper temperature measuring probe which are arranged on the periphery of the upper roller, and a lower induction coil and a lower temperature measuring probe which are arranged on the periphery of the lower roller; the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are respectively and electrically connected with a heating system console; the induction coil is a U-shaped induction coil and is semi-surrounded on the periphery of the roller.
The roller speed adjusting system comprises a motor, a speed reducer and a coupling which are sequentially and electrically connected; the two groups of motors, the speed reducer and the shaft coupling are respectively connected with the upper roller and the lower roller; the heating system control console and the motor are controlled by the master control console.
The temperature and the speed of the upper roller and the lower roller are independently adjusted through a master console.
The device can regulate and control the different speed (different speeds of the upper and lower rollers) ratio and the different temperature (different temperatures of the upper and lower rollers) ratio of the rollers through the master console according to the process setting. The regulation and control process is as follows: the main control console is provided with an upper roller and a lower roller with different speed ratios, the rotating speeds of the upper roller and the lower roller are distributed, rotating speed instructions are respectively input into the two motors, the motors adjust the rotating speeds of the motors, speed conversion and torque conversion are realized through the speed reducer, the speed and the torque are transmitted to the upper roller and the lower roller through the coupler, and the speed adjustment of the upper roller and the lower roller is completed. The temperature difference ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller is set through the master control console, the specific temperatures of the upper roller and the lower roller are distributed, the two groups of induction heating systems adjust induction power sources according to the temperatures, the working state adjustment of the induction coil is completed, meanwhile, the surface temperature of the rollers is detected by the temperature measuring probe at any time, if the detected temperature is higher than a set temperature range, the temperature measuring probe transmits a temperature signal to the master control console, the master control console outputs a cooling instruction of the induction heating system, the induction coil is cooled, the temperature measuring probe transmits the temperature signal to the master control console, and the master control console outputs a heating instruction of the induction heating system, so that the heating operation of the induction coil is realized, and the closed-loop temperature adjusting system is executed in a circulating mode until the surface temperature of the rollers reaches the set temperature range.
The invention also provides a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling process of the magnesium alloy plate strip, which comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the temperature ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 1: 1-1: 10 (upper roll: lower roll);
(2) setting the different speed ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller to be 1: 1-3: 1 (the upper roller and the lower roller);
(3) the deformation is 30-50%, and different-temperature different-speed rolling is carried out.
After primary rolling is finished, the different speed ratio and/or the different temperature ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller are adjusted according to requirements, and different temperature and different speed rolling is carried out again: if the profile curves toward the slow roll, the temperature of the slow roll is increased, or the temperature of the fast roll is decreased, or the speed of the slow roll is increased, or the speed of the fast roll is decreased. And based on the coordination of the temperature ratio or the speed ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller, performing different-temperature different-speed rolling again until the plate shape is not bent obviously.
The gradient structure along the thickness direction of the plate strip can be prepared by one-time different-temperature different-speed rolling; the bending problem of the asynchronously rolled magnesium alloy plate can be further improved.
The invention also provides application of the different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device for the magnesium alloy plate strip in preparation of a thickness-direction gradient structure of the magnesium alloy plate strip.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the device disclosed by the invention is simple and ingenious in design, and simultaneously solves the two problems that the gradient structure along the thickness direction of the plate and strip is difficult to prepare and the asynchronously rolled plate is seriously bent in the field of magnesium alloy.
As is well known, the deformation temperature seriously affects the plastic deformation capacity of the magnesium alloy, and generally shows that the magnesium plate has small deformation resistance and strong plastic deformation capacity at high temperature, and has large deformation resistance and weak plastic deformation capacity at low temperature. Therefore, the invention improves the plastic deformation capacity of the upper surface and the lower surface by controlling the temperature of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate material so as to solve the problem of asynchronous rolling plate bending. In addition, because the texture formation of the magnesium alloy is closely related to the deformation temperature, the temperature control can be used as an effective means for regulating and controlling the texture state of the asynchronous rolled strip. However, the asynchronous bending of the rolled plate cannot be effectively solved by single upper and lower surface temperature control or single upper and lower roll speed control. In addition, the deformation temperature is an important influence parameter of the microstructure (grain size and structure uniformity) of the magnesium alloy, and the problem that the slab strip is difficult to prepare along the thickness gradient structure cannot be solved by the conventional asynchronous rolling.
Through a great deal of research, the inventor designs the device and improves the rolling process. The problems that the asynchronous rolling plate type bending and the plate and strip thickness gradient structure are difficult to prepare are solved: the method has the advantages that the different deformation temperatures and deformation speeds of the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip are regulated and controlled through the cooperative matching of the temperature ratio and the speed ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller, the plastic deformation capability of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate strip is improved in asynchronous rolling, the plate bending of the asynchronous rolling is improved, and meanwhile, the preparation of the thickness gradient structure of the magnesium alloy plate strip is realized based on a gradient temperature field and a gradient stress field generated in the thickness direction of the plate strip. So that the system can better adapt to complex service environment.
(2) The device is suitable for various rolling mills, and can be improved on the existing rolling mill, so that the production cost is greatly reduced.
(3) The method solves the problems of serious bending of an asynchronous rolling plate and difficult preparation of a gradient structure along the thickness direction of the plate strip, can further improve the common problems of edge crack, roller adhesion and the like in plate strip rolling through systematic parameter adjustment, and has high application value.
(4) The device and the process can be used for magnesium alloy plates and strips, can also be used for various metal materials such as aluminum, titanium and the like, and have strong transportability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device for magnesium alloy sheet strips according to the present invention.
In the figure: the rolling mill comprises a machine frame 1, rollers 2 (an upper roller 21 and a lower roller 22), induction coils 3 (an upper induction coil 31 and a lower induction coil 32), temperature probes 4 (an upper temperature probe 41 and a lower temperature probe 42), a pressing device 5, a coupler 6, a reducer 7, a motor 8, an induction power supply 9, a heating system console 10 and a master control console 11.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in different speed and different temperature rolling and different speed isothermal rolling in the thickness direction of the plate of example 2.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a plate made of a Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy according to example 3 through cold rolling at a different temperature and a different speed and a different temperature and a constant speed.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of ZK60 magnesium alloy constant temperature and constant speed rolled sheet material in different thickness directions in example 4.
FIG. 5 shows the texture results of ZK60 magnesium alloy rolled sheet in different thickness directions at different temperature and different speed and at equal temperature and different speed in example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are set forth to illustrate several specific forms of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the first embodiment, the magnesium alloy plate and strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device shown in fig. 1 comprises a roller 2, a rack 1, a roller induction heating system and a roller speed adjusting system; the roller induction heating system comprises an upper induction coil 31 and an upper temperature probe 41 which are arranged on the periphery of the upper roller 21, and a lower induction coil 31 and a lower temperature probe 41 which are arranged on the periphery of the lower roller 22; the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are respectively and electrically connected with a heating system console 10; the induction coil is a U-shaped induction coil and is semi-surrounded on the periphery of the roller. The roller speed adjusting system comprises a motor 8, a speed reducer 7 and a coupling 6 which are sequentially and electrically connected; two groups of motors 8, speed reducers 7 and couplings 6 are arranged and are respectively connected with the upper and lower rollers; the heating system console 10 and the motor 8 are controlled by a central console 11. The temperature and speed of the upper and lower rollers of the device can be independently adjusted by the master control console for the roller induction heating system and the roller speed adjusting system.
Example II,
Taking ZK60 as an example, the bending degree and the texture performance of the plate shape obtained by rolling deformation by using the device and the process method of the invention and without using the device and the process method of the invention are compared.
Test 1: the device and the process of the invention have the following specific steps:
1) starting an upper roller and a lower roller for induction heating, wherein the temperature of the upper preheating roller is 100 ℃, the temperature of the lower preheating roller is 300 ℃, and the differential temperature ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller is 1: 3;
2) setting the rotating speed of an upper roller to be 10m/min and the speed of a lower roller to be 5m/min to form the differential speed ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 2: 1;
3) preheating a ZK60 plate with the thickness of 20mm to 300 ℃, and keeping for 30 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 50%; and (4) rolling.
Comparative experiment 1: the method uses a conventional asynchronous rolling device and a conventional asynchronous rolling process, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) setting the rotating speed of an upper roller to be 10m/min and the speed of a lower roller to be 5m/min to form the differential speed ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 2: 1;
2) the temperatures of the upper roller and the lower roller are the same;
3) preheating a ZK60 plate with the thickness of 20mm to 300 ℃, and keeping for 30 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 50%; and (4) rolling.
The slabs obtained in test 1 and comparative test 1 are shown in FIG. 2 (top view of thickness direction of ZK60 magnesium alloy slabs subjected to different-speed and different-speed isothermal rolling). As can be seen from fig. 2, the flatness of the different-speed different-temperature rolled sheet in test 1 was high, while the flatness of the sheet shape was poor when the different-speed isothermal rolled sheet in comparative test 1 was bent to the low-speed side. In comparative test 1, the high-speed side deformation amount was large and the low-speed side deformation amount was small, and the ZK60 plate material was bent to the low-speed side after rolling. In the experiment 1, although the upper and lower rollers have the same different speed ratio (2:1), the deformation of the plate at the high-temperature side is larger due to the different temperature ratio (1:3) of the upper and lower rollers, so that the deformation of the plate at the high-temperature side caused by low speed is compensated to be smaller, and the flatness of the plate is ensured. The experiment proves that the plate bending problem caused by the different speed ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller can be well compensated by the different temperature ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller.
Example III,
The plate bending degree and the structure performance of the plate obtained by rolling deformation by using the device and the process method of the invention and without using the device and the process method of the invention are compared by taking Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy as an example.
Test 2: the device and the process of the invention have the following specific steps:
1) starting an upper roller and a lower roller for induction heating, wherein the temperature of the upper preheating roller is 250 ℃, the temperature of the lower preheating roller is 450 ℃, and the differential temperature ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller is 1: 1.8;
2) setting the rotating speed of an upper roller to be 10m/min and the speed of a lower roller to be 5m/min to form the differential speed ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 2: 1;
3) preheating a ZK60 plate with the thickness of 25mm to 450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 40%; and (4) rolling.
Comparative experiment 2: the method uses a conventional different-temperature rolling device and process, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) the temperature of the upper preheating roller is 250 ℃, the temperature of the lower preheating roller is 450 ℃, and the differential temperature ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller is 1: 1.8;
2) the rotating speed of the upper roller is set to be 5m/min, the speed of the lower roller is set to be 5m/min, and the upper roller and the lower roller have the same speed.
3) Preheating a ZK60 plate with the thickness of 25mm to 450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 40%; and (4) rolling.
The slabs obtained in test 2 and comparative test 2 are shown in FIG. 3 (top view of the slabs produced by cold-rolling and cold-rolling of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy). As can be seen from fig. 3, the different-temperature and different-speed rolled sheet in test 2 had a high flatness, whereas the different-temperature and constant-speed rolled sheet in comparative test 1 had a poor flatness of the sheet shape by bending to the low-temperature side. In comparative test 2, the high temperature side deformation amount was large and the low temperature side deformation amount was small, and the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr system plate was bent to the low temperature side after rolling. In the experiment 2, although the upper and lower rollers have the same different temperature ratio (1:1.8), the deformation of the plate at the high-speed side is larger due to the different speed ratio (2:1) of the upper and lower rollers, so that the deformation caused by the low temperature at the high-speed side is compensated to be smaller, and the flatness of the plate is facilitated. The experiment proves that the bending problem of the plate shape caused by the different temperature ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller can be well compensated by the different speed ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller.
Example four,
Taking ZK60 magnesium alloy as an example, the rolling temperature of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate obtained by rolling deformation by using the device and the process method of the invention and without using the device and the process method of the invention is respectively detected, and metallographic structure observation and texture test are carried out on the upper surface, the secondary upper surface, the middle surface, the secondary lower surface and the lower surface. Test 3: the device and the process of the invention have the following specific steps:
1) starting induction heating, preheating an upper roller to 100 ℃, preheating a lower roller to 350 ℃, and forming an upper roller and a lower roller with the different temperature ratio of 2: 7;
2) setting the rotating speed of an upper roller to be 10m/min and the rotating speed of a lower roller to be 5m/min to form the differential speed ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 2: 1;
3) preheating a 15mm thick ZK60 plate to 300 ℃, and keeping for 30 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 40%; and (4) rolling.
Comparative experiment 4: the method adopts a conventional rolling process and comprises the following specific steps:
1) preheating the upper and lower rollers to 350 ℃, wherein the temperature ratio of the upper and lower rollers is 1: 1;
2) setting the speed of the upper and lower rollers to be 5 m/min;
3) preheating a 15mm thick ZK60 plate to 300 ℃, and keeping for 30 min;
4) the diameter of the roller is 350mm, and the deformation is 40%; and (4) rolling.
After rolling, detecting the temperatures of the upper surface (the high-temperature side of a roller) and the lower surface (the room-temperature side of the roller) of the ZK60 plate by an industrial contact type thermodetector; and sequentially cutting out the microstructure test piece and the mechanical property test piece at the positions 0.5mm, 5.5mm, 10.5mm, 15.5mm and 20.5mm away from the upper surface along the thickness direction of the ZK60 plate, and observing the metallographic structure.
The test result shows that: after the plate is rolled by the experiment 4, the different temperature ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller is 2:7 (the upper roller is 100 ℃, the lower roller is 350 ℃) and the different temperature ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller is 2:1 (the upper roller is 10m/min, and the lower roller is 5m/min), the obvious temperature difference is formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the ZK60 plate (the upper surface is 211 ℃, and the lower surface is 355 ℃). After the plate is rolled by the upper roller and the lower roller at the same temperature and speed in the comparative experiment 4, the upper surface and the lower surface of the ZK60 plate have no obvious temperature difference (the upper surface is 367 ℃, and the lower surface is 359 ℃).
Plate microstructure observations and texture characterization of different regions in the thickness direction were then performed for test 4 and comparative test 4, including five regions of 0.5mm (upper surface), 5.5mm (lower surface), 10.5mm (middle), 15.5mm (lower surface), and 20.5mm (lower surface), as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the temperature gradient formed in test 3 produced a distinct gradient microstructure through the thickness of the ZK60 sheet. Wherein the upper surface microstructure has poor uniformity, coexisting large and small grains, fuzzy grain boundary and deformed structure. With the increase of the thickness, the structure uniformity is gradually improved, fine grains are gradually increased, grain boundaries are clear, a uniform equiaxed coarse grain structure is formed when the temperature is different from-20.5 mm, and the average grain size is about 4.9 mu m (the temperature is different from-20.5 mm). In contrast, the ZK60 sheet in comparative run 3 did not exhibit a significant microstructural difference through the thickness and exhibited a uniform equiaxed coarse grain structure with an average grain size of about 3.2-5.7 μm.
As can be seen in fig. 5, the (0002) pole figure of test 3 produced a significant texture gradient change. The low-temperature high-speed side forms a typical strong base panel texture (the different temperature and the different speed are-0.5 mm), the c axis of crystal grains is gradually distributed along the transverse direction along the increase of the thickness, a transitional texture state between an extruded wire texture and a rolled plate texture is formed, and a wire texture state distributed along the transverse direction is formed at the high-temperature low-speed side. In contrast, after the ZK60 plate is rolled at the constant speed and the constant temperature, no texture difference is formed along the thickness direction of the plate strip, crystal grain c axes are distributed along the transverse direction in a scattered manner, and a wire texture state is shown.
Therefore, the gradient texture preparation in the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy plate strip can be realized by rolling at different temperature and different speed.
In conclusion, the second to fourth embodiments prove that the device and the process of the invention simultaneously solve the two problems of difficulty in preparation of gradient structures along the thickness direction of the strip and serious bending of the asynchronously rolled plate profile in the field of magnesium alloy, namely, the invention can realize the preparation of the gradient structures along the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy strip by rolling at different temperatures and different speeds, and simultaneously maintain extremely high plate profile flatness. Provides technical support for the future application development of the wrought magnesium alloy.
Claims (6)
1. A magnesium alloy plate and strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device is characterized by comprising a roller, a rack, a roller induction heating system and a roller speed adjusting system; the roller induction heating system comprises an upper induction coil and an upper temperature measuring probe which are arranged on the periphery of the upper roller, and a lower induction coil and a lower temperature measuring probe which are arranged on the periphery of the lower roller; the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are respectively and electrically connected with a heating system console; the roller speed adjusting system comprises a motor, a speed reducer and a coupling which are sequentially and electrically connected; the two groups of motors, the speed reducer and the shaft coupling are respectively connected with the upper roller and the lower roller; the heating system control console and the motor are controlled by the master control console.
2. The magnesium alloy sheet or strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device according to claim 1, wherein the induction coil is a U-shaped induction coil, and is half-wrapped around the outer periphery of the roll.
3. The magnesium alloy sheet or strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and speed of the upper and lower rolls are independently adjusted.
4. The magnesium alloy plate strip different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling device of claim 1 is applied to preparation of a magnesium alloy plate strip thick gradient structure.
5. A different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling process for magnesium alloy plate strips is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) setting the temperature ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 1: 1-1: 10;
(2) setting the differential speed ratio of the upper roller to the lower roller to be 1: 1-3: 1;
(3) the deformation is 30-50%, and different-temperature different-speed rolling is carried out.
6. The different-temperature different-speed coordinated rolling process of the magnesium alloy plate strip as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that after one-time rolling is finished, the different-speed ratio and/or the different-temperature ratio of the upper roller and the lower roller are adjusted according to requirements, and the different-temperature different-speed rolling is carried out again: if the profile curves toward the slow roll, the temperature of the slow roll is increased, or the temperature of the fast roll is decreased, or the speed of the slow roll is increased, or the speed of the fast roll is decreased.
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