CN114226402A - Domestic wet garbage decomposition and grouping pushing agent - Google Patents
Domestic wet garbage decomposition and grouping pushing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN114226402A CN114226402A CN202111583947.6A CN202111583947A CN114226402A CN 114226402 A CN114226402 A CN 114226402A CN 202111583947 A CN202111583947 A CN 202111583947A CN 114226402 A CN114226402 A CN 114226402A
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a domestic wet garbage decomposition component pushing agent, which relates to the technical field of decomposition accelerators and comprises a mineral humus compound, wherein the mineral humus compound comprises a mineral concentrated solution, a bacteria bed material, organic wastes, humus and a pH adjusting material, the mineral concentrated solution is a natural ionized mineral concentrated solution obtained by adding a sulfuric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 10-20% into basalt and andesite and extracting acid-soluble components, the bacteria bed material is sawdust, and sawdust, rice hulls, bran, activated carbon, ceramic beads, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium silicate, zeolite, moss and silica gel can also be adopted. The invention can decompose, eliminate and treat the garbage in a short time when being used for decomposing organic garbage, particularly classifying wet garbage, has small peculiar smell generated in the decomposition process, improves the decomposition removal rate, leaves few wet garbage after the decomposition, and has the effect of high classification efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of decomposition accelerators, in particular to a domestic wet garbage decomposition composition pushing agent.
Background
The domestic wet garbage is garbage generated in activities such as daily life, food processing, food service and the like of residents, and is an important link for decomposition of the wet garbage.
Heretofore, there have been studied treatments of wet domestic waste with various bacteria which absorb and decompose and digest foreign substances to obtain energy required for living, and treatments of wet domestic waste with bacteria which absorb energy required for living such as proteins, saccharides and lipids contained in the constituents of the wet domestic waste to decompose and eliminate the wet domestic waste.
The existing wet garbage decomposition process has the problems that the decomposition of the wet garbage by bacteria needs time, and odor substances such as ammonia and the like can be generated under the condition of long-time treatment
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a domestic wet garbage decomposition and grouping propellant, which is provided with mineral humus organic matters containing various humus minerals including iron elements extracted from basalt to form a mineral humus compound, can decompose, eliminate and treat garbage in a short time when being used for decomposing organic garbage, particularly classifying wet garbage, has small peculiar smell generated in the decomposition process, improves the decomposition removal rate, leaves few residual wet garbage after the decomposition, has the effect of high classification efficiency, and solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the domestic wet garbage decomposition and grouping pushing agent comprises a mineral humus compound, wherein the mineral humus compound comprises a mineral concentrated solution, a fungus bed material, organic waste, humus and a pH adjusting material.
Optionally, the mineral concentrated solution is a natural ionized mineral concentrated solution obtained by adding a sulfuric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 10-20% to basalt and andesite and further extracting acid-soluble components.
Optionally, the fungal bed material is sawdust, and can also be wood dust, rice hulls, bran, activated carbon, ceramic beads, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium silicate, zeolite, moss and silica gel.
Optionally, the organic waste refers to wet garbage of common families, food residues of restaurants and kitchens, food processing residues of food processing farms and food waste of supermarkets.
Optionally, the humus is a brown or dark brown amorphous high molecular substance which is formed by repeatedly decomposing, synthesizing and polycondensing food waste and animal and plant remains under the action of soil microorganisms.
Optionally, the PH adjusting material is hydrated lime.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a method for preparing organic garbage containing mineral humus organic matters, which is extracted from basalt andesite and contains various mineral humus including iron elements, and the organic garbage can reduce, decompose and eliminate the organic garbage such as domestic wet garbage in a short time.
The compound can remove pesticide residues, heavy metals and other pollutants in soil to form a soil polymerization structure rich in water retention and air permeability, and the compound has high ion exchange capacity and catalytic capacity, can inactivate heavy metals and decompose and remove malodorous substances, has an excellent disinfection effect on pathogenic microorganisms and viruses, has high-performance gas adsorption capacity, and has the effect of adsorbing sulfur, hydrogen, methane, ammonia and chlorine.
Thirdly, the invention can be used as soil conditioner on the one hand through the use of mineral humus compound, such as: can be used as a treating agent for soil polluted by heavy metals, harmful high molecular organic matters and the like, and can be repeatedly used as a mineral humus compound material in the preparation method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table of data for wet waste treatment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a domestic wet rubbish decomposes group pusher, includes mineral humus complex, and mineral humus complex includes mineral concentrate, fungus bed material, organic waste, humus, PH adjusting material composition, and mineral humus complex can be used as soil amendment on the one hand, for example: can be used as a treating agent for the polluted soil such as heavy metal, harmful macromolecular organic matters and the like. On the other hand, the mineral humus composite material (base material) can be repeatedly used in the above-mentioned manufacturing method, the mineral humus composite is obtained by mixing various minerals containing Fe3+ extracted from basalt with organic waste, sufficiently stirring the mixture at about 70 ℃ for 2 months, decomposing the organic waste, stacking the organic waste for not less than 2 months, and putrefaction the organic waste under the action of soil microorganisms to prepare a mineral humus composite containing hydrated iron oxide, putting the mineral humus composite together with aerobic bacteria and wet domestic garbage microorganisms of anaerobic bacteria into wet domestic garbage, sufficiently stirring the mixture at 50 ℃ to 90 ℃ to decompose the wet domestic garbage, the composition is a decomposition promoter, and the decomposition rate of the organic waste is increased by adding the decomposition promoter to a physical material,
further, the mineral concentrate is a natural ionized mineral concentrate obtained by adding a 10 to 20% sulfuric acid aqueous solution to basalt and andesite and extracting an acid-soluble component, wherein the mineral solution contains inorganic ions such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium, but contains about 1.9% of an iron element, and iron contained in the mineral solution exists in different forms depending on pH values, and preferably contains fe (oh)3 as a raw material to form iron hydride, but the use of the acid mineral concentrate stabilizes ionic iron by mixing with organic waste, and iron hydride is generally recognized as a low-crystallinity iron mineral formed early on the earth surface, and forms a liquid iron humus complex which removes pollutants such as pesticide residues and heavy metals in soil to form a water-retaining and air-permeable soil aggregate structure, the high ion exchange capacity and catalytic capacity of the molten iron humus compound can inactivate heavy metals, decompose and remove malodorous substances, simultaneously has excellent disinfection effect on pathogenic microorganisms and viruses, has high-performance gas adsorption capacity, and has the function of adsorbing sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, methane, ammonia and chlorine.
Furthermore, the material of the fungus bed is sawdust, and wood chips, rice hulls, bran, activated carbon, ceramic beads, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium silicate, zeolite, moss and silica gel can be adopted to improve the water retention and the water evaporation rate in subsequent tests.
Furthermore, the organic waste refers to wet garbage of common families, food residues of restaurants and kitchens, food processing residues of food processing farms and food waste of supermarkets.
Further, humus is a brown or dark brown amorphous polymer substance which is produced by repeatedly decomposing and synthesizing food waste and remains of animals and plants by the action of soil microorganisms and polycondensing the decomposed and synthesized substances.
Further, the PH adjusting material is hydrated lime.
The working principle is as follows: the preparation method of the mineral humus compound comprises the following steps:
step S1: preparation of materials, humus 50 weight portions; 25 weight percent sawdust; the weight of defective vegetables and fruits is 25;
step S2: mixing materials, namely putting the humus and the sawdust in the step S1 into a rotary mixer, stirring, spraying a mineral concentrated solution while dripping and stirring when stirring for 30-40 minutes, simultaneously putting the defective vegetables and fruits in the step S1, stirring for about 10 minutes by the mixer after all the materials are put and spraying the mineral concentrated solution again in order to fully mix the mineral concentrated solution with the materials, wherein the total amount of the used mineral concentrated solution is about 900 milliliters, and in order to adjust the pH value of the mixed material, slaked lime can be added to adjust the pH value to be more than 5 so as to promote the formation of the ferric hydride; after the mixture is placed for 30-40 minutes, the mixture is discharged from a discharge port to complete primary fermentation, and is transported to a stacking place by a forklift, so that a proper water regulating system and stirring without dead angles in a tank are important in order to decompose and disappear in a short time;
step S3: piling the mixture for 5 days into a hill bag, reducing the temperature of the hill bag when the temperature of the hill bag reaches 70 ℃ due to the fermentation of the piled substances, reducing the temperature of the hill bag when the temperature of the hill bag rises to 70 ℃ again after 2 to 3 days, reducing the temperature for 2 times, maintaining the repeated operation for 2 months, gradually reducing the temperature of the hill bag, performing secondary fermentation and curing, depositing and fermenting the organic matters in the piling field, stacking the hill bag without reducing the temperature, placing for about 2 months, reducing the decomposed metabolites of the iron ions due to the catalysis to initiate the condensation reaction of the organic matters, recovering and utilizing the cured humus as a base material when the organic matters are processed for shortening the time of the secondary fermentation, and shortening the production period of the mineral humus complex to about a month, finally, mineral humus compound is generated;
the prepared mineral humic compound can be selected from 50g as a sample, and when CEC is measured by an ammonium acetate method of a fertilizer analysis method, the CEC is 78meq, and ferric hydride is contained in the CEC of more than 30meq, so that the mineral humic compound obtained by the preparation process is proved to contain ferric hydride.
The function of the extruding agent is as follows: the group of jostles is an agent for accelerating the microbial decomposition of organic waste;
the acceleration principle of the extrusion agent is as follows: the above-mentioned groups are supposed to activate the functions of genes and enzymes in bacteria in the process of decomposing organic waste, and the mineral humic compound as a decomposition accelerator is amorphous, has a large surface area, high water retentivity and gas permeability, creates an active environment for microbial decomposition of organic waste, and is also excellent in adsorption and decomposition of hydrogen sulfide, methane, ammonia, chlorine and carbon-based gases, and has a deodorizing effect, and regarding odor, since ammonia denitrifies nitrous acid to nitric acid by the action of microbial enzymes under aerobic conditions in addition to the action of mineral rotting plant complex, generation of odor is suppressed.
Accelerating and accelerating the decomposition of organic waste: the acceleration and acceleration of the decomposition of the organic waste means to increase the weight-reduction treatment efficiency of the organic waste to be treated, and the "weight-reduction treatment efficiency" means the ratio of the weight of the organic waste decomposed and disappeared after a predetermined time has elapsed to the weight of the organic waste initially charged. For example, when the amount of the residual waste after a predetermined time has elapsed since the mixing of the organic waste and the microbial material was 1/2, the weight reduction treatment efficiency was 50%, and when 1/4 was remained, the weight reduction treatment efficiency was 75%.
Microorganisms decomposing organic waste: in the process of decomposing wet waste, the microorganism required is not particularly limited, but bacteria having a high growth rate are preferred, and generally, good bacteria are usually composed of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria collected from those natural sources, the bacteria grow in an environment easy to collect, and can be a single strain, but by using a composite strain composed of a plurality of strains, the method is applicable to different kinds of wet waste, and can obtain a stable and efficient treatment effect, in the identification test of the composite strain, several isolated bacteria are observed, but aerobic bacteria are mainly used, and the form is preferably bacillus;
the microorganism is specifically as follows: the method can use the kelp bacteria, the DNA base sequence analysis is carried out in a 16SrRNA region through a physiological characteristic test and a PCR method on main three kinds of separation bacteria contained in the kelp bacteria, one kind of separation bacteria is bacillus sphaericus, but the similar kinds are bacillus griseus and bacillus sphaericus, the new bacillus in other separation bacteria is most similar and possibly is a new strain not in a database, the other kind of separation bacteria can be bacillus oregon, in addition, the lactobacillus is identified as the other kind of separation bacteria, the composite bacteria consisting of the multiple kinds of bacteria form a form that the bacteria which can be decomposed in a short time can be used as the kelp bacteria, and the total bacteria number of the composite bacteria can be 1 × 106-1 × 108 bacteria/g and is dispersed in rice bran;
principle of bacterial decomposition: raw materials for decomposing organic waste by bacteria are mainly produced by absorbing proteins, sugars, lipids, and the like in the wet waste components into cells of bacteria, metabolizing them to obtain energy necessary for the survival of the bacteria, and decomposing them to produce carbonic acid gas, water, ammonia, and the like, and proteins are decomposed into amino acids, for example, and further into nitrogen-containing organic substances.
To summarize: the microbial material may be formed from a combination of mineral humic compound and aerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobic bacteria, but in order to improve water retention and water evaporation, sawdust may be added as a fungal bed material, the content of mineral humic compound in the microbial material being at least 50%, preferably 70% or more, and most preferably 80%.
Example (b): decomposition test of Lentinus edodes and Lentinus edodes bed
The mineral humus complex and the kelp fungus were mixed at about 3.3X 105/g, 50kg of the mixed mixture was put into a processor in advance, and then a total of 55kg of the mixture of 26kg of shiitake mushroom and 29kg of shiitake mushroom bed was put into the processor, and the total amount of the residue in the processor was measured after 12 hours and 24 hours.
Calculating the formula:
1. the remaining amount (kg) is the total weight of the residue-the weight of the initial charged bacteria bed material.
2. Weight reduction treatment efficiency (%) (total wet garbage input-remaining amount)/total wet garbage input.
These values in the present embodiment are represented by a remaining amount a and a weight reduction processing efficiency a;
comparative example: sawdust is used as a material to be put into a fungus bed instead of mineral humus compound;
the calculation results of the comparative examples are expressed as a residual amount B and a weight reduction treatment efficiency B;
see figure 1 for details;
the weight-reducing treatment efficiency of more than 90 percent can be achieved by using the group of extrusion agents after 12 hours of treatment, and the shiitake mushrooms and the shiitake mushroom bed can be decomposed in a very short time. If sawdust is used to replace the group of extruding agents to prepare the fungus bed, the initial decomposition speed is obviously lower than the extruding effect of the group, and the weight reduction treatment efficiency after 24 hours is also low.
To summarize: the organic matter of mineral humus containing various mineral humus including iron element extracted from basalt andesite can reduce and decompose and eliminate organic garbage such as domestic wet garbage in short time.
Note: when the wet garbage is decomposed, the wet garbage and the microorganism materials are stirred in the stirring tank in an aerobic state constantly, the temperature in the stirring tank is controlled to be 50-90 ℃, the stirring device can stir by automatically rotating the stirring tank or driving a stirring rod arranged in the stirring tank, dead corners are not generated as much as possible, the stirring device can continuously run, or stop running, or run when the oxygen concentration is reduced to be below a certain level;
the temperature of the stirring tank is only required to be in an active state, generally in the range of 50-90 ℃, preferably 50-75 ℃, and if the temperature is in the range of 55-65 ℃, the best bacterial activity is the highest, the treatment efficiency of wastes is the highest, and if the temperature is lower than 50 ℃, bacterial cells can not be fully activated, one of the main reasons for easily generating the stink is that parasites and harmful microorganisms in the treatment tank can not be fully inactivated, so that the sanitation aspect is caused, and the effect of reducing the stink is not achieved, and on the contrary, if the temperature is higher than 90 ℃, the burnt stink is generated, the activity of bacteria is also reduced, and the effect is not achieved;
the heating and temperature control in the agitation tank are not particularly limited as long as they are performed according to a usual method of use, and for example, an agitation apparatus equipped with a heating apparatus may be added to the agitation tank, but when the microbial material of the present technology is used, the temperature in the agitation tank can be raised to 60 ℃ or higher by the heat generated by bacterial metabolism as the decomposition proceeds, and for this reason, the heater is used almost only when wet waste is initially charged.
The humidity in the wet garbage treatment tank may be appropriately adjusted or not depending on the bacterial species used, but from the viewpoint of the activity of the bacterial cells and the treatment efficiency, the humidity should be controlled to 80% or less, preferably within a range of 50% to 60%, and the method for adjusting the humidity is not particularly limited, and may be a usual method, for example, a method in which a heating device and a water spraying device which are alternately turned on and off automatically depending on a hygrometer are installed in the treatment tank, or a pretreatment such as drying in the sun or drying before the wet garbage treatment tank is placed in the treatment tank, so as to reduce the water content of the wet garbage before the wet garbage treatment tank is placed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a domestic wet rubbish decomposes group propellant, includes mineral humus complex which characterized in that: the mineral humus compound comprises mineral concentrated solution, bacteria bed material, organic waste, humus and pH adjusting material.
2. The domestic wet waste decomposition and grouping propellant according to claim 1, wherein: the mineral concentrated solution is a natural ionized mineral concentrated solution obtained by adding a sulfuric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 10-20% into basalt and andesite and further extracting acid-soluble components.
3. The domestic wet waste decomposition and grouping propellant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fungus bed material is sawdust, and also can adopt sawdust, rice hulls, bran, activated carbon, ceramic beads, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium silicate, zeolite, moss and silica gel.
4. The domestic wet waste decomposition and grouping propellant according to claim 1, wherein: the organic waste refers to wet garbage of common families, food residues of restaurants and kitchens, food processing residues of food processing farms and food waste of supermarkets.
5. The domestic wet waste decomposition and grouping propellant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the humus is a brown or dark brown amorphous high molecular substance which is generated by repeatedly decomposing, synthesizing and polycondensing food waste and animal and plant remains under the action of soil microorganisms.
6. The domestic wet waste decomposition and grouping propellant according to claim 1, wherein: the pH adjusting material is hydrated lime.
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