CN114222797A - 具有对金属基底的改进粘附性的基于rma粘合剂的改性涂覆材料 - Google Patents
具有对金属基底的改进粘附性的基于rma粘合剂的改性涂覆材料 Download PDFInfo
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- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-L aspartate group Chemical class N[C@@H](CC(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-] CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- WOWBFOBYOAGEEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N diafenthiuron Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C(NC(=S)NC(C)(C)C)C(C(C)C)=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 WOWBFOBYOAGEEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DFEAKZXLFKXTOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl carbonate tetrapropylazanium Chemical compound CCOC([O-])=O.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC DFEAKZXLFKXTOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LJQWWEWGJVYPQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl carbonate;tetrabutylazanium Chemical compound CCOC([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC LJQWWEWGJVYPQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WJKZTELBRDUZPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate;tetrabutylazanium Chemical compound COC([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC WJKZTELBRDUZPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C09D165/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
- C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
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Abstract
本发明涉及基于作为粘合剂的RMA体系的涂覆材料组合物，以便制备具有改进的对金属基底的粘附性的涂层。本发明的组合物在此包含一种或多种CH酸性化合物A、一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B、一种或多种潜在碱性的催化剂C以及一种或多种粘附助剂D，其中所述粘附助剂D具有至少一个取代基X和至少一个取代基Y。在此所述取代基X被选择为使其与所述CH酸性化合物A或所述类似乙烯的羰基化合物B反应，并且所述取代基Y被选择为使其在物理上或化学上结合到基底。
Description
本发明涉及基于作为粘合剂的RMA体系的改进的涂覆材料组合物，所述粘合剂借助于经典的迈克尔加成进行交联。RMA在此是“真迈克尔加成(Real Michael Addition)”的常用缩写。本发明尤其涉及用于制备具有改进的对金属基底(例如机器和车辆的构造元件或构件)的粘附性的涂层的组合物，以及由其制备的涂层和涂层体系。
下文中，涂覆材料理解为液态的或糊状的组合物，所述组合物被施加到底板或基底上通过干燥或固化产生具有保护性、装饰性和/或其他特定特性的涂层。涂层体系是指多个施加在彼此上的涂层，其中各个涂层(在此背景下也称为层)完成不同的任务。
基于以迈克尔加成反应交联的粘合剂的涂覆材料是已知的。它们的优点是在室温下就已经快速固化。所获得的涂层具有高机械耐受性和化学耐受性。然而，已知的RMA涂层只能不充分地粘附到金属表面上。即使通过使用常见的、本领域技术人员熟知的基于环氧树脂和聚氨酯粘合剂体系的金属底涂料时其粘附性也没有得到足够的改进。
从WO 2016/166365已知在包含RMA体系作为粘合剂的涂覆材料组合物中使用粘附助剂。在此，所使用的粘附助剂既包括与RMA粘合剂反应的区域也包括在化学或物理上与基底表面相连的区域。另外，从文件EP 3085748已知用于金属表面的涂覆体系，所述涂覆体系具有基于环氧树脂粘合剂的底涂料或底涂层以及基于RMA粘合剂的面漆涂层或清漆涂层，其中用作底涂料的涂覆材料包含丙烯酸酯作为粘附助剂。
本发明的目的是提供改进的基于RMA粘合剂的涂层，尤其具有改进的对金属表面或金属基底的粘附性的涂层。这个目的通过根据主权利要求的基于RMA粘合剂的涂覆材料组合物来实现。其他的实施方式在说明书和从属权利要求中公开。
本发明的组合物显示出对金属表面以及对其基于环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚脲或聚天冬氨酸粘合剂体系的底涂料的改进的粘附性。所述组合物在此优选被施加到基于聚异氰酸酯交联型粘合剂(如多元醇、多元胺和天冬氨酸酯)的底涂料上。在下文中，术语底涂料或底涂层理解为涂覆体系的施加到基底上的第一个层或涂层。涂覆体系或层构造由多个施加到彼此上的层或涂层组成。
本发明的涂覆材料组合物包含一种或多种CH酸性化合物A、一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B、一种或多种潜在碱性的催化剂C以及一种或多种粘附助剂D，其中所述粘附助剂D具有一个或多个取代基X和一个或多个取代基Y。所述取代基X被选择为使其与所述CH酸性化合物A或所述类似乙烯的羰基化合物B反应，并且参与固化反应。所述取代基Y被选择为使其在物理上或化学上结合到基底。
适合的粘附助剂D为OH官能的丙烯酸酯和OH官能的CH酸性化合物。粘附助剂D具有在100至50,000、优选150至10,000、特别优选200至5000的范围内的平均分子量。粘附助剂具有在1至50、优选1至30、特别优选1至10的范围内的丙烯酸酯官能度。其酸性CH基团数量介于1与50之间、优选介于1与30之间、特别优选介于1与20之间。粘附助剂具有在30至500、优选50至300、特别优选70至200的范围内的羟基值。
适合的CH酸性化合物A为丙二酸酯、乙酰乙酸酯或其混合物。优选的是具有寡聚和聚合的取代基的丙二酸酯，例如基于聚酯、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、聚酰胺或聚碳酸酯。特别优选的是具有基于聚酯、聚氨酯和/或聚碳酸酯的寡聚和聚合的取代基的丙二酸酯。所使用的乙酰乙酸酯优选包含寡聚的和聚合的取代基，例如基于聚醇、聚乙烯醇、环氧树脂、羟基官能的聚醚、聚酯或聚丙烯酸酯。特别优选的是具有基于聚酯和/或聚丙烯酸酯的寡聚和聚合的取代基的乙酰乙酸酯。非常特别优选的是选自包含以下项的组的化合物：具有基于聚酯的寡聚和聚合的取代基的丙二酸酯，所述聚酯从至少丙二酸、丙二酸二甲酯和/或丙二酸二乙酯与六氢酞酸和/或其酸酐和新戊二醇的反应得到，以及具有基于聚酯的寡聚和聚合的取代基的乙酰乙酸酯，所述聚酯从至少乙酰乙酸、乙酰乙酸甲酯和/或乙酰乙酸乙酯与六氢酞酸和/或其酸酐和新戊二醇的反应得到。
适合的类似乙烯的羰基化合物B为丙烯酸酯、马来酸酯或其混合物。优选的是不饱和的丙烯酰基官能的丙烯酸酯和马来酸酯。特别优选的是包含1至20个碳原子且至少2个、优选2至6个羟基的丙烯酸酯。优选的是马来酸、富马酸和/或衣康酸或其酸酐与二元或多元羟基化合物(可以包括一元羟基化合物或羧基化合物)反应形成的聚酯。进一步优选的是树脂如聚酯、聚氨酯、聚醚和/或烷基树脂，所述树脂包含对应地活化的不饱和基团，例如丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯、聚丙烯酸乙酯、多官能的聚丙烯酸酯、聚马来酸烷基酯和由丙烯酸与环氧树脂的反应获得的聚丙烯酸酯。根据本发明特别优选的是丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯和二-三羟甲基丙烷四丙烯酸酯和二-季戊四醇-六丙烯酸酯以及二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯和三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯。
根据本发明以大约1:1的物质量比率A:B使用CH酸性化合物A和类似乙烯的羰基化合物B，其中物质量是相对于化合物A的酸性质子和化合物B的类似乙烯的羰基化合物而言。
根据本发明使用碳酸铵和/或碳酸鏻作为所述潜在碱性的催化剂C。适合的碳酸铵例如为四己基甲基碳酸铵、四己基碳酸氢铵、十四烷基三己基甲基碳酸铵、四癸基甲基碳酸铵、四丁基甲基碳酸铵、四丁基乙基碳酸铵、四丁基碳酸氢铵、四丙基甲基碳酸铵、四丙基乙基碳酸铵、四丙基碳酸氢铵、苄基三甲基甲基碳酸铵、三己基甲基甲基碳酸铵或者三辛基甲基甲基碳酸铵。特别优选使用四丁基甲基碳酸铵、四丁基乙基碳酸铵、四丁基碳酸氢铵、四丙基甲基碳酸铵、四丙基乙基碳酸铵、四丙基碳酸氢铵及其混合物。
根据本发明的涂覆材料具有50至100％、优选60至98％、特别优选65至97％的固体含量以及在0:1至5:1、优选0:1至4:1、特别优选0:1至3:1范围内的颜料粘合剂比例。
涂覆材料既可以用作面漆也可以用作清漆。在下文中，面漆理解为有颜料的涂覆材料和涂层。在下文中，将不包含颜料的涂覆材料和涂层称为清漆。在一个优选的实施方式中，本发明的涂层在底漆-清漆体系中用作面漆、特别优选用作基础漆。底漆-清漆体系在此为在着色的基础漆层上具有保护性清漆的多层构造。
在本发明的实施方式中，涂覆材料作为双组分涂覆材料存在。在下文中，双组分涂覆材料或双组分漆理解为如下的涂覆材料：其中通过将包含粘合剂的起始组分或粘合剂组分与包含固化剂或催化剂的固化剂组分混合来引起固化反应。
本发明的涂覆材料组合物的粘合剂组分在此至少包含
-10至80重量％、优选15至50重量％、特别优选20至30重量％的一种或多种CH酸性化合物A，
-0.01至70重量％、优选1至40重量％、特别优选3至11重量％的一种或多种OH官能化合物D以及
-0.01至60重量％、优选0.1至40重量％、特别优选1至11重量％的一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B以及
-0.01至80重量％、优选5至70重量％、特别优选40至50重量％的一种或多种颜料，其中所述量数值分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量。
另外，所述粘合剂组分包含
-0至10重量％、优选0.5至5重量％、特别优选0.5至1.5重量％的一种或多种光防护剂，
-0至20重量％、优选0.01至10重量％、特别优选0.1至6重量％的一种或多种储存寿命延长剂，
-0至50重量％、优选0.01至30重量％、特别优选1至11重量％的一种或多种溶剂，
-0至20重量％、优选0.01至10重量％、特别优选0.5至5.5重量％的一种或多种润湿剂以及
-0至70重量％、优选0.01至50重量％、特别优选0.5至9.5重量％的一种或多种填料，其中所述量数值分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量。
本发明的涂覆材料组合物的固化剂组分在此包含至少0.1至15、优选0.3至10、特别优选0.5至5重量％的在适当溶剂中的催化剂C，其中所述量数值是相对于所述固化剂组分的总量。适当的溶剂是常用的、本领域技术人员熟知的酯例如乙酸丁酯、酮、醚和芳香族烃及其混合物。
在另一个优选的实施方式中，根据本发明的涂层作为清漆使用。所述清漆组合物的粘合剂组分在此包含
-10至90重量％、优选15至80重量％、特别优选20至70重量％的一种或多种CH酸性化合物A，
-0.01至60重量％、优选3至40重量％、特别优选6至26重量％的一种或多种OH官能化合物D以及
-0.01至60重量％、优选0.1至40重量％、特别优选5至15重量％的一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B，其中所述量数值分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量。
另外，所述粘合剂组分包含
-0至10重量％、优选0.5至5重量％、特别优选0.5至1.5重量％的一种或多种光防护剂，
-0至20重量％、优选0.01至10重量％、特别优选0.1至6重量％的一种或多种储存寿命延长剂，
-0至50重量％、优选0.01至30重量％、特别优选1至11重量％的一种或多种溶剂以及
-0至10重量％、优选0.001至5重量％、特别优选0.01至0.5重量％的一种或多种平整添加剂，其中所述量数值分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量。
本发明的涂覆材料组合物的固化剂组分在此包含至少0.1至15、优选0.3至10、特别优选0.5至5重量％的在适当溶剂中的催化剂C，其中所述量数值是相对于所述固化剂组分的总量。适当的溶剂是常用的、本领域技术人员熟知的酯例如乙酸丁酯、酮、醚和芳香族烃及其混合物。
在另一个实施方式中，本发明的涂覆材料组合物用于涂覆金属基底。特别优选地，将所述组合物施用在设置有底涂料的基底表面上，其中底涂料由基于聚氨酯粘合剂、聚脲粘合剂和/或聚天冬氨酸粘合剂的涂覆材料制备，如通常用于对金属表面进行底涂的那些。
实施例1
面漆
粘合剂组分：
| 组成部分 | 以质量％计的量 |
| Acure 510-170(丙二酸酯官能的聚酯) | 24 |
| Sartomer SR 444(OH官能的丙烯酸酯) | 6 |
| Sartomer SR 355(四丙烯酸酯) | 6 |
| Hostalvin 3212FL(UV吸收剂) | 1 |
| 乙醇 | 3 |
| 乙酸丁酯 | 6 |
| Disperbyk 163(润湿剂) | 3 |
| 硫酸钡 | 5.5 |
| 二氧化钛 | 45 |
| 疏水热解二氧化硅 | 0.5 |
实施例2
清漆
粘合剂组分：
Claims (10)
1.涂覆材料组合物，包含一种或多种CH酸性化合物A、一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B、一种或多种潜在碱性的催化剂C以及一种或多种粘附助剂D，其特征在于，所述粘附助剂D具有至少一个取代基X和至少一个取代基Y，其中所述取代基X被选择为使其与所述CH酸性化合物A或所述类似乙烯的羰基化合物B反应，并且所述取代基Y被选择为使其以物理方式或化学方式结合到基底。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述粘附助剂D为OH官能的丙烯酸酯、OH官能的CH酸性化合物或其混合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物具有粘合剂组分和固化剂组分，其中所述粘合剂组分至少包含所述CH酸性化合物A和所述类似乙烯的羰基化合物B，并且所述固化剂组分包含至少一种潜在碱性的催化剂C。
4.根据权利要求3所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述粘合剂组分具有
-10至80重量％的一种或多种CH酸性化合物A，
-0.01至70重量％的一种或多种OH官能化合物D以及
-0.01至60重量％的一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B以及
-0.01至80重量％的一种或多种颜料，
分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量计。
5.根据权利要求3所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述粘合剂组分具有
-10至90重量％的一种或多种CH酸性化合物A，
-0.01至60重量％的一种或多种OH官能化合物D以及
-0.01至60重量％的一种或多种类似乙烯的羰基化合物B，
分别相对于所述粘合剂组分的总量计。
6.根据以上权利要求之一所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述CH酸性化合物A为丙二酸酯、乙酰乙酸酯或其混合物。
7.根据以上权利要求之一所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述类似乙烯的羰基化合物B为丙烯酸酯、马来酸酯或其混合物。
8.根据以上权利要求之一所述的涂覆材料组合物，其特征在于，所述潜在碱性的催化剂C为碳酸铵和/或碳酸鏻。
9.根据权利要求1至8之一所述的涂覆材料组合物用于涂覆金属基底的用途。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用途，其特征在于，将所述涂覆材料组合物施用到底涂料上。
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| PCT/DE2020/100490 WO2020249164A1 (de) | 2019-06-14 | 2020-06-13 | Modifizierte beschichtungsstoffe auf basis von rma-bindemitteln mit verbesserter haftung auf metallsubstraten |
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| DE102015105987A1 (de) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-20 | Mankiewicz Gebr. & Co. Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verbesserte Beschichtungssysteme, deren Verwendung zur Beschichtung von Bauteilen sowie damit beschichtete Bauteile für Schienen- und Luftfahrzeuge |
| EP3085748B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2017-12-27 | Jotun A/S | Coatings |
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