CN114220883B - 一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结及其制备方法与光电应用 - Google Patents
一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结及其制备方法与光电应用 Download PDFInfo
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- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XQMUOIMHJMRRGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromolead Chemical compound [Pb]Br XQMUOIMHJMRRGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明属于一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结及其制备方法与光电应用,属于半导体纳米材料技术领域。本发明以Se粉作为前驱体,通过化学气相沉淀法制备可控长度的Se微米管,并采用化学气相沉积法制备Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结在柔性衬底,通过溴铅铯的厚度可调节带隙,得到Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。本发明所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结在光电探测器应用中具有更高质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于半导体纳米材料技术领域,尤其是指一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结及其制备方法与光电应用。
背景技术
光电探测器在许多领域都有应用需求,例如太空探索、生物分析、环境传感、通信和成像等。理想的光电探测器通常期望具有高灵敏度,高探测率,快速响应速度,高光谱选择性以及高稳定性。半导体材料是光电探测器的重要组成部分,许多半导体材料都已应用于光电探测器中,包括硅、碳纳米管、III-V化合物、量子点等,并在改进光探测性能和器件结构设计方面取得了显著进展。但是,以这种传统的基于刚性硅基板材料为基础的光电探测器通常不仅需要昂贵、严格的工艺和操作条件,还必须依靠外部电源来实现光检测行为,这不可避免地导致了高的暗电流和小的开关比,影响了其进一步商业化应用。因此寻找更便宜、工艺更简单的候选材料,进一步提高光电探测器的性能,降低制造成本,简化制造工艺,延长使用年限具有重要意义。
柔性光电探测器具有耐用性、抗冲击、可弯曲、重量轻等优点。自供电功能可以减少能源的消耗,对于开发可持续的节能设备以解决当前的能源危机问题具有重要意义。因此如何利用简单工艺对新型材料进行开发柔性的自供电光电探测器受到了广泛的关注。通常,柔性自供电光探测器是通过非对称电极调制技术(如肖特基结、PN结及异质结的内建电场)来实现电子-空穴对的分离。近年来异质结已成为基础科学的聚焦点之一,它不仅能结合不同材料的优点,而且能够通过界面处高效地电荷传输调控来实现新的功能。异质结结区的内建电势及层间复合,决定了整流特性及光电性能,这将有效地调节电学性能和光探测性能。由于二维P型半导体材料的稀缺,导致仅有少数几种二维材料PN结被合成出来如WSe2/MoS2和WSe2/WS2。目前大多数二维PN结的构筑只能通过电栅控制、特殊金属接触及化学掺杂等方法获得材料的P型特性,然而此方法较为复杂同时也存在稳定性的问题,这在一定程度上限制了二维异质结的研究。Se是一种非常具有潜力的本征p型的二维半导体光电探测材料。硒的带隙大约为1.67eV,这说明Se具有很好的紫外-可见的宽光谱探测性能。除此之外,Se的光电响应速度也非常的快,基于Se微米管异质结构的光电探测器的响应速度仅为几个毫秒而同样结构的ZnO、ZnS、MoS2结构的光电探测器的速度达到数秒。更重要的是,利用气相沉积的方法制备的Se微米结构具有低成本,结晶性好,易构筑器件以及响应快等优势。新型无机钙钛矿材料CsPbBr3,由于其具有许多不同的优异的属性,包括可调的直接带隙,高光学吸收系数,高的载流子迁移率和寿命,缺陷态密度低、荧光发射峰线宽窄,载流子寿命长及良好的环境耐受性等特点,成为室温下研究新型光电器件的理想材料。通过对全无机钙钛矿材料的尺寸、结构和形貌等方面进行调控,能够制备出如微米棒、微米块、微米片等规则的微结构,可进一步提高其发光性能。同时采用CVD法制备的微结构具有更高的结晶质量和更低的缺陷态密度,且样品产量高,可重复性较好,可有效提升器件的性能。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种Se微米管/溴铅铯(CsPbBr3)异质结及其制备方法与光电应用。
一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)以惰性气体为载气,硒粉为反应源,硅片作为衬底,采用化学气相沉淀法得到Se微米管,并转移至聚酯纤维基板;
(2)以步骤(1)中载有Se微米管的聚酯纤维基板为衬底,以PbBr和CsBr2混合物为反应源,以惰性气体为载气,采用化学气相沉淀法得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。
在本发明的一个实施例中,步骤(1)中,化学气相沉淀法制备Se微米管方法步骤:在惰性气体中,将硒粉置于恒温区,且硅片置于距离所述硒粉22-28cm处,加热得到所述Se微米管。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述惰性气体为氩气或/和氮气。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述惰性气体的流量为30-200cm3/min。
在本发明的一个实施例中,加热温度为300-380℃,加热时间为2-6h。
在本发明的一个实施例中,步骤(2)中,化学气相沉淀法得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的方法步骤:在惰性气体中,将反应源置于恒温区,且所述衬底置于距离所述反应源的20-26cm处,加热得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述惰性气体的流量为30-100cm3/min。
在本发明的一个实施例中,加热温度为500-600℃,加热时间为2-6h。
本发明还提供了所述的制备方法所得Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。
本发明还提供了所述的Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结在光电探测器中的应用。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点:
本发明第一步用来生长高质量可控长度的二维Se微米管,容易转移到柔性衬底上,然后在微管的两侧手动图案化铟电极。通过溶液法制备三角状钙钛矿CsPbBr3充满了不可控性和不确定性,结晶度差和陷阱态密度高,基于CsPbBr3的器件性能仍远远落后于其他类型器件的性能,而通过CVD方法可大规模制备钙钛矿三角片,在以含Se微米管的柔性衬底上,获得Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结,有利于获得更长的有效载流子寿命和增大载流子穿越速度,表现出优异的光电性能,达到超快响应的性能。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明,其中
图1是本发明实施例1制备的Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的低倍(a)和高倍(b)扫描电镜图片。
图2是本发明实施例1制备的Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的I-t曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
光电性能测试方法:通过磁控溅射方法将Ti/Au镀膜于Se微米管/CsPbBr3异质结的掩膜板作为上层电极,掩膜板的叉指长10mm宽390mm,得到两Ti/Au电极间距离2mm左右。器件的电流-电压(I-V)和电流-时间(I-t)特性测试采用双探针法。
实施例1:制备1D-2D p-n结构的Se微米管/CsPbBr3三角片异质结
在横式管式炉中,以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,首先取适量Se粉放置于洁净的石英舟中,将装有Se粉的石英舟放入水平管式炉的恒温区。然后将依次经过丙酮、酒精、去离子水清洗,氮气吹干的硅片竖直放入石英管中,距离石英舟反应源22cm处。生长温度为380℃,生长时间为6h,氩气流量为200cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热,自然降至室温,即可在硅片上得到大量Se微米管。以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,高纯PbBr粉(99.999%)和CsBr2(99.999%)作为反应源放置管式炉恒温处,将含有Se微米管的洁净柔性聚酯纤维基板作为衬底置于距离反应源24cm处。生长温度为540℃,生长时间为0.5h,氩气流量为80cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热降至室温,得到复合异质结构。经测试,在LED光源556nm波长的光照射、0V偏置和3.7μW/cm2光功率密度条件下,光电流达到了760pA,上升时间63ms,下降时间90ms。
实施例2:制备1D-1D p-n结构的Se微米管/CsPbBr3纳米线异质结
在横式管式炉中,以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,首先取适量Se粉放置于洁净的石英舟中,将装有Se粉的石英舟放入水平管式炉的恒温区。然后将依次经过丙酮、酒精、去离子水清洗,氮气吹干的硅片竖直放入石英管中,距离石英舟反应源22cm处。生长温度为380℃,生长时间为6h,氩气流量为200cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热,自然降至室温,即可在硅片上得到大量Se微米管。以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,高纯PbBr粉(99.999%)和CsBr2(99.999%)作为反应源放置管式炉恒温处,将含有Se微米管的洁净柔性聚酯纤维基板作为衬底置于距离反应源22cm处。生长温度为540℃,生长时间为0.5h,氩气流量为50cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热降至室温,得到复合异质结构。经测试,在LED光源556nm波长的光照射、0V偏置和3.7μW/cm2光功率密度条件下,光电流达到了530pA,上升时间72ms,下降时间103ms。
实施例3:制备1D-2D p-n结构的Se微米管/CsPbBr3正方形异质结
在横式管式炉中,以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,首先取适量Se粉放置于洁净的石英舟中,将装有Se粉的石英舟放入水平管式炉的恒温区。然后将依次经过丙酮、酒精、去离子水清洗,氮气吹干的硅片竖直放入石英管中,距离石英舟反应源22cm处。生长温度为380℃,生长时间为6h,氩气流量为200cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热,自然降至室温,即可在硅片上得到大量Se微米管。以高纯氩气(99.999%)作为载气,高纯PbBr粉(99.999%)和CsBr2(99.999%)作为反应源放置管式炉恒温处,将含有Se微米管的洁净柔性聚酯纤维基板作为衬底置于距离反应源22cm处。生长温度为580℃,生长时间为0.5h,氩气流量为100cm3/min,反应完毕后停止加热降至室温,得到复合异质结构。经测试,在LED光源532nm波长的光照射、0V偏置和3.7μW/cm2光功率密度条件下,光电流达到了450pA,上升时间80ms,下降时间110ms。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (9)
1.一种Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)以惰性气体为载气,硒粉为反应源,硅片作为衬底,采用化学气相沉淀法得到Se微米管,并转移至聚酯纤维基板;
(2)以步骤(1)中载有Se微米管的聚酯纤维基板为衬底,以PbBr和CsBr2混合物为反应源,以惰性气体为载气,采用化学气相沉淀法得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结;
步骤(2)中,化学气相沉淀法得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结的方法步骤:在惰性气体中,将反应源置于恒温区,且所述衬底置于距离所述反应源的20-26cm处,加热得到所述Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,化学气相沉淀法制备Se微米管方法步骤:在惰性气体中,将硒粉置于恒温区,且硅片置于距离所述硒粉22-28cm处,加热得到所述Se微米管。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性气体为氩气或/和氮气。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性气体的流量为30-200cm3/min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,加热温度为300-380℃,加热时间为2-6h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性气体的流量为30-100cm3/min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,加热温度为500-600℃,加热时间为2-6h。
8.权利要求1-7中任一项所述的制备方法所得Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结。
9.权利要求8所述的Se微米管/溴铅铯异质结在光电探测器中的应用。
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