CN114215519B - Multi-scheme combined mining method for thick ore body with steep inclination of thickness change - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with sharply changing thicknesses. The method includes the following steps: (1) Divide the section heights, use the footwall vein outer transport tunnel in the middle section, and adopt the vein-crossing tunnel prospecting when the thickness is ≥15m And arrange rock drilling tunnels. When the thickness of the ore body is <15m, use vein tunnels to explore and arrange rock drilling tunnels; and reserve 15m columns; (2) divide the coordinate grid lines; (3) when the thickness of the ore body recovered near the ore pillars is >15m, Use the vertical direction to arrange medium-deep holes. First construct the cutting shaft, then arrange the cutting row of medium-deep holes, and then arrange the normal recovery medium-deep hole array in the vertical direction; when the ore body is recovered between the ordinate lines of the coordinate grid lines in the segment For thicknesses less than 15m, medium-deep holes are arranged along the strike, and a cutting shaft is constructed in the upper wall of the ore body in the middle intervening tunnel, and then a row of medium-deep holes is arranged along the intervening vein, and then a normal row of medium-deep holes is arranged along the strike; ⑷ Blasting to recover ore bodies. The invention can improve the mining recovery rate and reduce the dilution rate.

Description

A multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with varying thicknesses and steep slopes

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of mining, and in particular to a multi-scheme joint mining method of thick ore bodies with sharply changing thicknesses.

Background technique

Steeply inclined thick ore bodies refer to ore bodies with an inclination angle greater than 55° and a thickness of 10-15~40m. At present, the mining of steeply inclined thick ore bodies usually adopts the segmented mine room method, staged mine room method, segmented caving method without bottom pillar, segmented caving method with bottom pillar, staged caving method, subsequent filling method, etc. The above methods are Conventional mining methods have limited practical applicability to steeply dipping thick ore bodies with varying thicknesses.

When the ore body changes, if the medium and deep hole mining is only arranged vertically, when the ore body becomes narrow, the proportion of mining and cutting engineering will be too large, and the unit cost of mining will increase, which is uneconomical, and when the inclination angle is small The dilution loss rate is high; if only medium and deep holes are mined along the strike, when the ore body becomes thicker, the length of the blast hole will be too long, the drilling depth of the equipment is limited, the drilling efficiency is low, the blast hole deflection is serious, and the bottom The large block rate increases, which is not conducive to recovery.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-scheme joint mining method that improves the mining recovery rate and reduces the dilution rate of steeply inclined thick ore bodies with thickness changes.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with sharply changing thicknesses, including the following steps:

⑴According to the height of the middle section of the mine and the rock drilling capacity of the equipment, the section heights are divided into 10~16m. The middle section adopts transportation lanes outside the footwall vein. Combined with the actual situation of steeply inclined and medium-thick ore bodies, when the thickness is ≥15m, use cross-vein tunnel exploration and layout. For rock drilling tunnels, when the thickness of the ore body is <15m, tunnels along the veins are used for prospecting and rock drilling tunnel layout; and 15m columns are reserved at intervals of 75m, 60m or 45m according to the geological conditions;

⑵ According to the ore body boundary, after the completion of the development and mining project, the coordinate grid lines shall be divided into 20m intervals;

⑶ When the thickness of the recovered ore body near the ore pillar is >15m, use vertical direction to arrange medium-deep holes. First construct the cutting shaft, then arrange the cutting row of medium-deep holes, and then arrange the vertical direction of normal recovery medium-deep hole rows to form medium-deep holes. Arrange noodles;

When the thickness of the recovered ore body between the vertical coordinate lines of the coordinate grid line in the segment is less than 15m, medium-deep holes are arranged along the trend, and a cutting patio is constructed on the hanging wall of the ore body in the middle intervening tunnel, and then the medium-deep cutting row is arranged along the intervening vein. holes, and then arrange the normal recovery medium and deep hole rows along the direction to form the medium and deep hole rows;

⑷ Blast and recover ore bodies.

The principle of blasting is that when blasting, the cutting platoon first blasts with the cutting patio as the free surface and the compensation space, and then blasts the space after blasting in the front row as the free surface; the normal row uses the grooving after the blasting of the grooving row as the free surface Blast and recover the ore bodies in sequence.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Based on the thickness of the ore body, the present invention adopts the principle of medium-deep hole mining arranged along the strike when the ore body thickness is <15m; when the thickness is ≥15m, the principle of medium-deep hole mining arranged vertically is adopted. Different sections are combined with changes in ore body thickness and inclination angle (small inclination angles tend to be arranged along the strike, and large inclination angles tend to be arranged vertically), using a combination of vertical and along strike arrangements to increase the mining recovery rate and reduce the dilution rate. , to maximize the comprehensive recovery efficiency of resources.

2. The present invention improves the limitations of existing technical methods, strengthens the applicability of mining when the thickness of the ore body changes, reduces mine losses and dilution, brings significant economic benefits to the mine, and is suitable for use. Deep hole mining of steeply inclined thick ore bodies with varying thicknesses can be used in the caving method, open field method, and filling method.

Description of the drawings

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the joint layout of the vertical and along directions in the segment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 - coordinate grid line; 2 - rock drilling tunnel; 3 - ore body boundary line; 4 - intercolumn; 5 - cutting patio; 6 - medium and deep hole row surface line.

Detailed ways

A multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with steeply changing thicknesses, including the following steps:

⑴According to the height of the middle section of the mine and the rock drilling capacity of the equipment, the section height is divided into 10~16m. The middle section adopts the transport tunnel outside the footwall vein. Combined with the actual situation of the steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, when the thickness is ≥15m, the through-vein tunnel prospecting and layout are adopted Rock drilling tunnel 2, when the thickness of the ore body is <15m, use vein tunnels to explore and arrange rock drilling tunnels 2; and reserve 15m inter-columns 4 at intervals of 75m, 60m or 45m according to the geological conditions;

⑵ According to the ore body boundary line 3, after the completion of the development and mining project, coordinate grid lines 1 will be divided at intervals of 20m;

⑶ When the thickness of the recovered ore body near the ore pillar is >15m, use the vertical direction to arrange the medium-deep holes. First construct the cutting patio 5, then arrange the cutting row of medium-deep holes, and then arrange the vertically-oriented normal recovery medium-deep hole row to form a medium-deep hole. Hole row surface line 6;

When the thickness of the recovered ore body between the ordinate lines of the coordinate grid line 1 in the segment is less than 15m, medium and deep holes are arranged along the trend, and the cutting patio 5 is constructed on the hanging wall of the ore body in the middle intervening tunnel, and then the cutting row is arranged along the intervening vein. For medium-deep holes, arrange the normal recovery medium-deep hole array along the trend (width is the thickness of the ore body) to form medium-deep hole array line 6;

⑷Blasting to recover ore bodies:

The principle of blasting is that when blasting, the cutting platoon first blasts with the cutting patio (5) as the free surface and compensation space, and then blasts the space after the blasting of the front row as the free surface; the normal platoon uses the grooving after the blasting of the grooving row as the free surface. The ore body is recovered by blasting in sequence.

The mine's mid-section development project, section mining accuracy project and bottom structure layout are designed and implemented in accordance with the actual conditions of the mine and in accordance with relevant specifications and design manuals.

Example As shown in Figure 1, a multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with steeply changing thicknesses includes the following steps:

⑴According to the height of the middle section of a certain mine and the rock drilling capacity of the equipment, the section height is divided into 10~16m. The middle section adopts the transport tunnel outside the footwall vein. Combined with the actual situation of the steeply inclined medium-thick ore body, when the thickness is ≥15m, the cross-vein tunnel prospecting and Arrange rock drilling tunnels 2. When the thickness of the ore body is <15m, use vein tunnels to prospect and arrange rock drilling tunnels 2; and reserve 15m inter-columns 4 at intervals of 75m, 60m or 45m according to geological conditions.

⑵ According to the ore body boundary line 3, after the completion of the development and mining project, coordinate grid lines 1 will be divided at intervals of 20m.

⑶As shown in Figure 1 in the section, the thickness of the recovered ore body near the left ore pillar is >15m, and the medium-deep holes are arranged vertically. First, a 2m×3m cutting patio 5 is constructed, and then a row of medium-deep holes with a cutting width of 5m is arranged. hole, and then arrange the normal recovery medium-deep hole row surface with a width of 15m in the vertical direction to form the medium-deep hole row surface line 6. The above parameters are the parameters when this technology is used for the first time, and can be adjusted based on actual research in similar mines.

In the section, the thickness of the recovered ore body between the second to fifth ordinate lines in Figure 1 is <15m, and medium-deep holes are arranged along the trend, and a 2m×3m cutting patio 5 is constructed on the hanging wall of the ore body in the middle vein tunnel, and then Arrange a row of mid-deep holes with a width of 5m along the through vein, and then arrange a row of normal recovery mid-deep holes along the trend (the width is the thickness of the ore body), forming a row of mid-deep holes line 6.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section diagram. The thickness of the ore bodies in the 13m and 23m segments is >15m, and they are arranged vertically; the thickness of the ore bodies in the 33m segment is <15m, and they are arranged along the strike.

⑷ When blasting, the cutting platoon first blasts with the cutting patio 5 as the free surface and compensation space, and then blasts the space after blasting in the front row as the free surface; the normal platoon uses the grooving after the blasting of the grooving platoon as the free surface to blast and recover the ore in sequence body.

Claims (2)

1. A multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with sharply changing thicknesses, including the following steps: ⑴According to the height of the middle section of the mine and the rock drilling capacity of the equipment, the section heights are divided into 10~16m. The middle section adopts transportation lanes outside the footwall vein. Combined with the actual situation of steeply inclined and medium-thick ore bodies, when the thickness is ≥15m, use cross-vein tunnel exploration and layout. Rock drilling tunnels (2), when the thickness of the ore body is <15m, use vein tunnels to prospect and arrange rock drilling tunnels (2); and reserve 15m columns at intervals of 75m, 60m or 45m according to geological conditions (4); ⑵ According to the ore body boundary (3), after the completion of the development and mining project, the coordinate grid lines (1) shall be divided into 20m intervals; ⑶ When the thickness of the recovered ore body near the ore pillar is >15m, use the vertical direction to arrange the medium and deep holes. First construct the cutting patio (5), then arrange the cutting row of medium and deep holes, and then arrange the vertical direction of the normal recovery medium and deep hole rows to form Surface line for medium and deep holes (6); When the thickness of the recovered ore body between the ordinate lines of the coordinate grid line (1) in the segment is less than 15m, medium and deep holes are arranged along the trend, and a patio (5) is constructed and cut along the hanging wall of the ore body in the middle intervening tunnel, and then the The veins are arranged to cut the middle deep holes in the row, and then the normal recovery middle deep hole rows along the direction are arranged to form the middle deep hole row surface line (6); ⑷ Blast and recover ore bodies. 2. A multi-scheme joint mining method for thick ore bodies with varying thicknesses and sharp inclinations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the principle of blasting is that during blasting, the cutting row first takes the cutting patio (5) as the free surface and The compensation space is blasted, and then the space after blasting in the front row is used as the free surface blasting; the normal row uses the grooving row after the blasting is completed as the free surface to blast and recover the ore body in sequence.