CN114214876B - Anti-seismic ballastless track structure - Google Patents
Anti-seismic ballastless track structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114214876B CN114214876B CN202111024869.6A CN202111024869A CN114214876B CN 114214876 B CN114214876 B CN 114214876B CN 202111024869 A CN202111024869 A CN 202111024869A CN 114214876 B CN114214876 B CN 114214876B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- base plate
- track
- plate
- seismic
- step surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
An anti-seismic ballastless track structure is provided, so that loads under the action of earthquake are effectively resisted, and damage of earthquake waves to the track structure is reduced. The anti-seismic device comprises a base plate and a track plate arranged above the base plate, wherein the base plate and the track plate are arranged in groups along the line direction, the longitudinal ends of the base plate and the track plate are in a ladder shape, anti-seismic elements are fixedly arranged between the step surfaces of the corresponding track plate and the lower step surfaces of the base plate and are composed of shock absorbers arranged at intervals transversely and transverse connecting rods arranged between two adjacent shock absorbers transversely, and the shock absorbers are connected into a whole by the transverse connecting rods. A longitudinal connector with damping is arranged between two adjacent groups of base plates and the track plate, and the longitudinally adjacent shock absorbers are connected into a whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure.
Background
The track structure directly receives the load from the train and transfers it to the subgrade or bridge-tunnel off-line foundation. The track structure must be robust and stable with the correct geometry to ensure safe operation of the train.
In areas where earthquake disasters occur, the safe running of the train can be directly threatened by the damage of the track structure, such as the cracking of the track plate, the distortion of the steel rail and the like, caused by the earthquake. The bridge is greatly deformed under the action of earthquake, so that the damage of the ballastless track structure on the bridge is as outstanding.
In the prior art, shock resistant track structures are often used to resist shock loads from the train or to reduce vibrations under the power of the vehicle-track coupling. Aiming at the vibration from the lower foundation under the action of earthquake, few reports are provided for reducing the damage of earthquake waves to a track structure, and no earthquake-resistant design measures are considered in the current ballastless track structure design in China.
The bridge structure is suitable for the earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure under the action of earthquake according to three-level fortification that small earthquake is not bad, medium earthquake is repairable and large earthquake is not inverted in earthquake-resistant design, and has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure so as to effectively resist loads under the action of an earthquake and reduce damage of the earthquake waves to the track structure.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention relates to an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure, which comprises a base plate and a track plate positioned above the base plate, wherein the base plate and the track plate are arranged in groups along the line direction, and is characterized in that: the longitudinal ends of the base plate and the track plate are in a ladder shape, anti-seismic elements are fixedly arranged between the corresponding step surfaces of the track plate and the lower step surface of the base plate, the anti-seismic elements are composed of shock absorbers arranged at intervals transversely and transverse connecting rods arranged between two adjacent shock absorbers transversely, and the transverse connecting rods connect the shock absorbers into a whole; a longitudinal connector with damping is arranged between two adjacent groups of base plates and the track plate, and the longitudinally adjacent shock absorbers are connected into a whole.
The main part of bumper shock absorber is pneumatic cylinder and respectively fixed connection at the last snubber block, the lower snubber block at its vertical both ends, goes up snubber block's top and last bed plate fixed connection, lower snubber block bottom and bed plate fixed connection down, and the transverse connection pole sets up between two transversely adjacent upper snubber blocks and between two transversely adjacent lower snubber blocks, the inner chamber of upper snubber block and lower snubber block is filled by cellular elastomer.
The transverse connecting rod is a crossed rigid rod, and two ends of the transverse connecting rod are welded with two transversely adjacent upper shock absorption blocks or two transversely adjacent lower shock absorption blocks.
The longitudinal connector is a hydraulic damping device or a steel spring and is arranged between two longitudinally adjacent upper shock absorption blocks and between two longitudinally adjacent lower shock absorption blocks.
The two ends of the track plate are provided with limiting bosses which extend downwards from the bottom surface of the track plate at the inner side of the step surface of the track plate, and the two ends of the base plate are provided with limiting grooves which correspond to and are matched with the limiting bosses at the inner side of the lower step surface of the base plate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following aspects:
1. the longitudinal ends of the track plate and the base plate are provided with anti-seismic elements, earthquake waves transmitted in the vertical direction, the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the like are resisted through the shock absorber, the track structure under the action of the earthquake is protected from being damaged very little, and the effects of 'small earthquake is not damaged, medium earthquake is repairable, and large earthquake is not inverted' are realized;
2. only the ends of the track plates and the base plates are required to be provided with steps, connecting bolts and iron base plates are pre-buried, and a boss and a groove are simultaneously arranged, so that the construction and the installation are convenient, a unified whole is formed between the adjacent track plates through the connection of the anti-seismic elements, and meanwhile, the longitudinal expansion and contraction under the action of temperature force and earthquake can be realized, and earthquake waves can be better resisted;
3. the anti-seismic element is formed by connecting a plurality of shock absorbers, the number of the anti-seismic elements can be flexibly increased and decreased according to the intensity of earthquake, the installation is flexible, and the construction is convenient.
Drawings
The specification includes the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an anti-seismic ballastless track structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a seismic ballastless track structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an end structure of a track slab in an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an end structure of a base plate in an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an anti-seismic element in an anti-seismic ballastless track structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a shock absorber in a seismic ballastless track structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber mass in a seismic ballastless track structure of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of an earthquake-resistant structure of adjacent track slabs of an earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure of the present invention;
the component names and corresponding labels are shown: track slab 10, track slab step surface 11, limit boss 12, base plate 20, base plate lower step surface 21, limit groove 22, shock-resistant element 30, shock absorber 31, upper base plate 311a, lower base plate 311b, upper shock absorber 312a, lower shock absorber 312b, hydraulic cylinder 313, honeycomb elastomer 314, rigid connecting rod 32, longitudinal connector 33, embedded bolt 40, and iron pad 50.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a seismic ballastless track structure of the present invention includes a base plate 20 and a track plate 10 positioned thereabove, the base plate 20 and the track plate 10 being arranged in a line direction in groups. The longitudinal ends of the base plate 20 and the track plate 10 are in a ladder shape, shock-resistant elements 30 are fixedly arranged between the corresponding track plate step surface 11 and the corresponding base plate lower step surface 21, the shock-resistant elements 30 are composed of shock absorbers 31 arranged at intervals transversely and transverse connecting rods 32 arranged between two adjacent shock absorbers 31 transversely, and the transverse connecting rods 32 connect all the shock absorbers 31 into a whole. The shock absorbers 31 are arranged in groups to resist the earthquake waves transmitted in the vertical direction, the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the like, so that the track structure under the action of the earthquake is protected from being destroyed very little, and the small earthquake is not damaged, the middle earthquake is repairable, and the large earthquake is not inverted. The number of the shock absorbers 31 can be flexibly increased and decreased according to the intensity of the earthquake, the installation is flexible, and the construction is convenient.
Referring to fig. 8, a longitudinal connector 33 having damping is provided between adjacent two sets of the base plates 20 and the track plate 10 to connect the longitudinally adjacent shock absorbers 31 as one body. The adjacent track slabs 10 form a unified whole, and can realize longitudinal expansion and contraction under the action of temperature force and earthquake, and can better resist earthquake waves.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the main body of the damper 31 is a hydraulic cylinder 313, and an upper damper block 312a and a lower damper block 312b respectively fixedly connected to two vertical ends of the hydraulic cylinder, the top end of the upper damper block 312a is fixedly connected to the upper base plate 311a, the bottom end of the lower damper block 312b is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 311b, and the transverse connecting rod 32 is disposed between two transversely adjacent upper damper blocks 312a and two transversely adjacent lower damper blocks 312 b. The inner cavities of the upper and lower damper blocks 312a, 312b are filled with a honeycomb elastomer 314. The transverse connecting rod 32 is a cross-shaped rigid rod, and two ends of the transverse connecting rod are welded with two transversely adjacent upper shock absorbing blocks 312a or two transversely adjacent lower shock absorbing blocks 312 b.
Referring to fig. 8, the longitudinal connector 33 may be a hydraulic damper or a steel spring, and is disposed between two longitudinally adjacent upper shock-absorbing blocks 312a and between two longitudinally adjacent lower shock-absorbing blocks 312 b.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pre-buried bolts 40 and the iron backing plates 50 are arranged on the rail plate step surface 11 and the base plate lower step surface 21. The two ends of the track plate 10 are provided with limiting bosses 12 extending downwards from the bottom surface of the track plate 10 at the inner side of the track plate step surface 11, and the two ends of the base plate 20 are provided with limiting grooves 22 corresponding to and adapted to the limiting bosses 12 at the inner side of the base plate lower step surface 21. Referring to fig. 2, the pre-buried bolts 40 pass through the mounting holes of the iron tie plate 50, the upper base plate 311a and the lower base plate 311b, and fixedly mount the damper 31 between the rail plate step surface 11 and the base plate lower step surface 21.
The foregoing is illustrative of the principles of a seismic ballastless track structure of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific structure and application scope shown and described, so that all possible modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an anti-seismic ballastless track structure, includes bed plate (20) and is located track board (10) of its top, and bed plate (20) and track board (10) set up along the line direction, characterized by: the longitudinal ends of the base plate (20) and the track plate (10) are in a ladder shape, anti-seismic elements (30) are fixedly arranged between the corresponding track plate step surface (11) and the base plate lower step surface (21), the anti-seismic elements (30) are composed of shock absorbers (31) arranged at intervals in the transverse direction and transverse connecting rods (32) arranged between two adjacent shock absorbers (31) in the transverse direction, and the transverse connecting rods (32) connect all the shock absorbers (31) into a whole; a longitudinal connector (33) with damping is arranged between two adjacent groups of base plates (20) and the track plate (10) to connect the longitudinally adjacent shock absorbers (31) into a whole.
2. A seismic ballastless track structure of claim 1, wherein: the main body of the shock absorber (31) is a hydraulic cylinder (313), and an upper shock absorption block (312 a) and a lower shock absorption block (312 b) which are respectively and fixedly connected to the two vertical ends of the hydraulic cylinder, the top end of the upper shock absorption block (312 a) is fixedly connected with an upper base plate (311 a), the bottom end of the lower shock absorption block (312 b) is fixedly connected with a lower base plate (311 b), and a transverse connecting rod (32) is arranged between two transversely adjacent upper shock absorption blocks (312 a) and two transversely adjacent lower shock absorption blocks (312 b); the inner cavities of the upper shock absorption block (312 a) and the lower shock absorption block (312 b) are filled with honeycomb-shaped elastomer (314).
3. A seismic ballastless track structure of claim 2, wherein: the transverse connecting rod (32) is a crossed rigid rod, and two ends of the transverse connecting rod are welded with two transversely adjacent upper shock absorption blocks (312 a) or two transversely adjacent lower shock absorption blocks (312 b).
4. A seismic ballastless track structure of claim 2, wherein: the longitudinal connector (33) is a hydraulic damping device or a steel spring and is arranged between two longitudinally adjacent upper shock absorbing blocks (312 a) and between two longitudinally adjacent lower shock absorbing blocks (312 b).
5. A seismic ballastless track structure of claim 2, wherein: the embedded bolts (40) and the iron base plates (50) are arranged on the track plate step surface (11) and the base plate lower step surface (21), the embedded bolts (40) penetrate through mounting holes on the iron base plates (50), the upper base plate (311 a) and the lower base plate (311 b), and the shock absorber (31) is fixedly mounted between the track plate step surface (11) and the base plate lower step surface (21).
6. A seismic ballastless track structure of claim 1, wherein: limiting bosses (12) extending downwards from the bottom surface of the track plate (10) are arranged at the two ends of the track plate (10) at the inner side of the track plate step surface (11), and limiting grooves (22) corresponding to and matched with the limiting bosses (12) are arranged at the two ends of the base plate (20) at the inner side of the base plate lower step surface (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111024869.6A CN114214876B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Anti-seismic ballastless track structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111024869.6A CN114214876B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Anti-seismic ballastless track structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114214876A CN114214876A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
| CN114214876B true CN114214876B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
Family
ID=80695937
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111024869.6A Active CN114214876B (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Anti-seismic ballastless track structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114214876B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114837022B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-06-20 | 江西龙正科技发展有限公司 | UHPC ballastless track |
Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05148804A (en) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-15 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Vibration-proof device for track slab |
| JPH08134805A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Bridgestone Corp | Vibration isolator for track |
| JPH09310301A (en) * | 1996-05-23 | 1997-12-02 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Fitting device of side pressure-supporting and vibration-proofing member for concrete sleeper |
| JP2000193033A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Shimizu Corp | Vibration control support and installation method therefor |
| JP2001254301A (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-21 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Vibration-proof track structure |
| CN101424061A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Unballasted track construction |
| CN101798786A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-11 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Plate-type ballastless track vibration-reducing construction |
| WO2011038612A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Side floating road bed |
| CN102182120A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-14 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Precast slab type ballastless track structure |
| CN202519540U (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-11-07 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Slab end vibration isolation device for floating track bed |
| CN203938933U (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-11-12 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board |
| JP2017095941A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-01 | 鉄道軌材工業株式会社 | Sleeper anti-vibration device |
| CN107190590A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 李富盈 | Subtract shock insulation subway rail guidance tape system |
| CN208733394U (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-04-12 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Equipped with the floating ballast bed of middle shear hinge installation passage |
| CN111560796A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-21 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Assembly type mass spring floating plate system inter-plate connecting assembly |
| CN112501956A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 昌九城际铁路股份有限公司 | Ballastless track |
| CN113250011A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中南大学 | Novel subway vibration reduction track structure and vibration absorber device |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 CN CN202111024869.6A patent/CN114214876B/en active Active
Patent Citations (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05148804A (en) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-15 | Tokyu Constr Co Ltd | Vibration-proof device for track slab |
| JPH08134805A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Bridgestone Corp | Vibration isolator for track |
| JPH09310301A (en) * | 1996-05-23 | 1997-12-02 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Fitting device of side pressure-supporting and vibration-proofing member for concrete sleeper |
| JP2000193033A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Shimizu Corp | Vibration control support and installation method therefor |
| JP2001254301A (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-21 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Vibration-proof track structure |
| CN101424061A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-05-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Unballasted track construction |
| WO2011038612A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Side floating road bed |
| CN101798786A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-11 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Plate-type ballastless track vibration-reducing construction |
| CN102182120A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-14 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Precast slab type ballastless track structure |
| CN202519540U (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-11-07 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Slab end vibration isolation device for floating track bed |
| CN203938933U (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-11-12 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board |
| JP2017095941A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-06-01 | 鉄道軌材工業株式会社 | Sleeper anti-vibration device |
| CN107190590A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-22 | 李富盈 | Subtract shock insulation subway rail guidance tape system |
| CN208733394U (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-04-12 | 隔而固(青岛)振动控制有限公司 | Equipped with the floating ballast bed of middle shear hinge installation passage |
| CN111560796A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-21 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Assembly type mass spring floating plate system inter-plate connecting assembly |
| CN112501956A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 昌九城际铁路股份有限公司 | Ballastless track |
| CN113250011A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中南大学 | Novel subway vibration reduction track structure and vibration absorber device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Scholar, Craig..Modeling tracked vehicle dynamics using vibration modes..1999,全文. * |
| 李保友 ; 颜华 ; .成都至都江堰铁路路基地段CRTSⅢ型板式无砟轨道纵向连接设计.高速铁路技术.2013,(01),全文. * |
| 闫斌 ; 黄杰 ; 刘施 ; 娄平 ; .复杂地形条件下桥上CRTSⅡ型轨道系统地震响应.交通运输工程学报.2018,(01),全文. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114214876A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102031733B (en) | Side floating track bed and application thereof | |
| CN110055880B (en) | Damping energy-consumption beam falling prevention device for railway bridge | |
| CN114214876B (en) | Anti-seismic ballastless track structure | |
| CN106436558A (en) | Three-way limiting buffering bridge anti-seismic stop dog structure and arranging and installing method | |
| CN110616631A (en) | Longitudinal connection structure suitable for main beam at bridge expansion joint and construction method | |
| CN104264535A (en) | Longitudinal sleeper | |
| CN113737575B (en) | Ballastless track plate end damping clamping groove device | |
| CN212533552U (en) | Urban rail transit line turnout shock absorber | |
| CN201473888U (en) | Elevated rail bridge | |
| CN202000222U (en) | Longitudinal beam type sleeper system | |
| CN103147392A (en) | Steel bridge function separating shock-absorbing support | |
| CN211200056U (en) | Longitudinal connection structure suitable for girder at bridge expansion joint | |
| CN116971214A (en) | Resonant vibration-resistant ballastless track | |
| CN104264534A (en) | Trapezoidal sleeper | |
| CN219972908U (en) | Assembled composite beam antidetonation connecting device | |
| CN218233135U (en) | Bridge high-efficient antidetonation buffer convenient to maintain | |
| CN214783309U (en) | Multiple buffering bridge anti-seismic device that resets | |
| CN220413991U (en) | High damping shock insulation support for bridge | |
| CN219099692U (en) | Combined elastic track bed block and track system thereof | |
| CN217353005U (en) | Constraint type shock insulation support | |
| CN215441468U (en) | Bridge anti-falling limiting device | |
| CN213143127U (en) | Assembled protection architecture that vibrations lead to destruction of piping lane cabin body | |
| CN218373046U (en) | Supporting base structure for vibration reduction of track | |
| CN212801181U (en) | Multi-buffering three-dimensional limiting type bridge anti-seismic stop block structure | |
| CN214245309U (en) | Embedded bridge anti-seismic stop block |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |