CN203938933U - The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board - Google Patents
The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board Download PDFInfo
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- CN203938933U CN203938933U CN201420266761.7U CN201420266761U CN203938933U CN 203938933 U CN203938933 U CN 203938933U CN 201420266761 U CN201420266761 U CN 201420266761U CN 203938933 U CN203938933 U CN 203938933U
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- bed board
- spacing layer
- lug boss
- positive stop
- stop lug
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to railroad track technical field, proposes the elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board.The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board proposing includes bed board (1) and positive stop lug boss (5); Elastic limit device also comprises and is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the elastic spacing body of the stopper slot that short slot forms; The elastic spacing body that contacts with road bed board (1) and coordinate with positive stop lug boss (5) includes elastic cord breaker (4), spacing layer I (2) and spacing layer II (3); Spacing layer I (2) and the adjacent setting of spacing layer II (3), and can slide up and down between spacing layer I (2) and spacing layer II (3); Spacing layer I (2), spacing layer II (3) respectively with road bed board (1), positive stop lug boss (5) combination.The utility model had both been realized the relative catenary motion of road bed board under vehicle operating load-up condition, had limited again the horizontal and vertical and torsional deflection of road bed board, had guaranteed stability and the safety of train operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to railroad track technical field, is specifically related to the elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board.
Background technology
Along with the efficient track traffic development of environmental protection and technological progress, the high speed development of Construction of Urban Rail Traffic particularly, to people, quick, comfortable, the safe vehicles are provided, the vibration noise simultaneously producing in rail transportation operation also has a strong impact on periphery work, living environment quality and neighboring buildings safety, and the safety of track traffic facility and application life also directly can be affected because of the vibration of system etc.Ballastless bed vibrating isolation system particularly floating plate railway roadbed is widely used to increase the anti-vibration performance of rail system, this Vibration Absorbing System Design normally increases elastic layer below being used for fixing the railway roadbed that rail is installed, such as rubber mat or steel spring etc., isolation train by time the track vibration that causes to basic transmission, this railway roadbed of setting up elastic vibration isolation layer between road bed board and railway roadbed basis is floated to design and is made bed board relative railway roadbed basis under train operation load produce dynamic deformation, conventionally the elastic design of floating plate mainly considers to adopt in the vertical direction low rigidity flexible member to support such as rubber pad or steel spring etc. of bed board, but in the horizontal direction road bed board with often adopt for example rubber floating plate railway roadbed (Fig. 9) of simple elastic spacing layer being connected of railway roadbed basis, conventionally elastic spacing layer is directly connected with road bed board and railway roadbed basis side wall, this connected mode not only affects the catenary motion of bed board, and be difficult for the maintain and replace of bed board elastic layer, another kind in the horizontal direction road bed board is that (Figure 10) designed without retraining for example steel spring floating slab in bed board and railway roadbed basis with being connected of railway roadbed basis, and the horizontal and longitudinal resistance of road bed board and stability only rely on the horizontal and longitudinal shear rigidity of support spring.Because rails is arranged on bed board by fastener, under vehicle operating load-up condition the dynamic deformation of road bed board or relatively railway roadbed basis motion particularly large horizontal direction distortion be bed board laterally and longitudinal strain meeting reduce stability and the safety of train operation.In addition, to the ballast bed system of replaceable road mattress, for example under the existing road bed board of patent CN102220733B " non-linear interchangeable railway roadbed and Damping fastening combined system " during elastic layer repair and replacement, the padded coaming being filled between positioning boss and road bed board is difficult for removing and recovering.
Utility model content
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of road bed board elastic limit device.
The utility model adopts following technical scheme for completing above-mentioned purpose:
An elastic limit device for road bed board, described elastic limit device includes bed board and positive stop lug boss; Described positive stop lug boss is cast on railway roadbed basis and is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the stopper slot that short slot forms; Described elastic limit device also includes elastic spacing body; Described elastic spacing body is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the stopper slot that short slot forms; Described elastic spacing body contacts with described road bed board, and be positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the positive stop lug boss of stopper slot that short slot forms and coordinate, when cushioning train operation road bed board to positive stop lug boss laterally, longitudinally surge, the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis, Bing Dui road laterally and length travel limit; Described elastic spacing body includes elastic cord breaker, spacing layer I and spacing layer II; Described spacing layer I and the adjacent setting of spacing layer II, and be the structure that can slide up and down between described spacing layer I and spacing layer II; Described spacing layer I, spacing layer II are combined with road bed board, positive stop lug boss respectively; Described spacing layer I, spacing layer II contact and bear the horizontal and length travel that normal force limits the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis; Road bed board provides the catenary motion of bed board under car load by the mutual slip between spacing layer I and spacing layer II or the shear strain of elastic cord breaker in the vertical direction.
Described spacing layer I closed with described plate knot of ballast bed, and described spacing layer II is combined with described positive stop lug boss, and the elastic cord breaker described in making is between described spacing layer of II and described positive stop lug boss.
Described spacing layer I closed with described plate knot of ballast bed, and makes described elastic cord breaker between described spacing layer of I and described road bed board; Described spacing layer II is combined with described positive stop lug boss.
Described spacing layer I and described road bed board are integrally connected, described spacing layer II and described elastic cord breaker are structure as a whole or are integrally connected or the structure of close contact, and described elastic cord breaker and described positive stop lug boss are structure as a whole or are integrally connected or the structure of close contact.
Described elastic cord breaker is integrally formed by the mode of cast and described spacing layer II, positive stop lug boss.
Described elastic cord breaker, described spacing layer I and described road bed board are integrally connected.
Described spacing layer II and described positive stop lug boss are structure as a whole or are integrally connected or the structure of close contact.
The mode of described positive stop lug boss by cast and described elastic cord breaker or spacing layer of described II are integrally formed.
Described spacing layer I made by high-abrasive material.
Described spacing layer II made by high-abrasive material.
Described elastic cord breaker is for to be made by rubber or elastomeric material.
The side of described positive stop lug boss is the conical surface, and the face that described elastic spacing body is corresponding with described positive stop lug boss is the conical surface of joining with the side kissing of positive stop lug boss.
On described positive stop lug boss, be provided with to limit the elastic cord breaker elastic cord breaker spacing pressing plate of displacement in the vertical direction; Described spacing pressing plate is connected to the top of described positive stop lug boss, and the top that described positive stop lug boss is positioned at described elastic cord breaker is stretched out in one end of spacing pressing plate; Between described spacing pressing plate and described elastic cord breaker, there is the gap of moving in the vertical direction in order to elastic cord breaker.
The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board the utility model proposes, by between positive stop lug boss and road bed board, elastic spacing body being set, when cushioning train operation road bed board to positive stop lug boss laterally, longitudinally surge, the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis, Bing Dui road laterally and length travel limit; By the spacing layer I in elastic spacing body, spacing layer II, contact and bear the horizontal and length travel that normal force limits the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis; Road bed board is moved the catenary motion of bed board under car load is provided by the shear strain of the mutual slip between spacing layer I and spacing layer II or elastic cord breaker in the vertical direction, has guaranteed stability and the safety of train operation; In addition, the replaceable maintenance of elastic limit device of this road bed board, met the construction methods such as prefabricated assembling and cast-in-site, simultaneously road bed board elastic limit device be also convenient to change railway roadbed elastic layer between bed board and railway roadbed basis and when replacing railway roadbed elastic layer road bed board elastic limit device not damaged or influenced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of A part in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B schematic cross-section of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 1 Elastic cushion coat and spacing layer II.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of positive stop lug boss in the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of spacing layer I in the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of adjacent Liang Kuai road bed board centralized positioning in the utility model.
Fig. 9 is rubber floating plate ballast bed system schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is steel spring floating slab road bed system schematic.
In figure: 1, road bed board; 2, spacing layer I; 3, spacing layer II; 4, elastic cord breaker; 5, positive stop lug boss; 6, railway roadbed basis; 10, spacing pressing plate; 11, anchor bolt; 12, service sleeve; 13, railway roadbed elastic layer; 14, separation layer; 15, screed.
The specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the utility model is illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, and with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board, described elastic limit device includes bed board 1 and positive stop lug boss 5; Described positive stop lug boss 5 is cast on railway roadbed basis 6 and is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board 1 or the stopper slot that short slot forms; Described elastic limit device also includes elastic spacing body; Described elastic spacing body is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board 1 or the stopper slot that short slot forms; Described elastic spacing body contacts with described road bed board 1, and be positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board 1 or the positive stop lug boss 5 of stopper slot that short slot forms and coordinate, when cushioning train operation road bed board to positive stop lug boss laterally, longitudinally surge, the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis, Bing Dui road laterally and length travel limit; Described elastic spacing body includes elastic cord breaker 4, spacing layer I 2 and spacing layer II 3; Described spacing layer I 2 and the adjacent setting of spacing layer II 3, and be the structure that can slide up and down between described spacing layer I 2 and spacing layer II 3; Described spacing layer I 2, spacing layer II 3 respectively with road bed board 1, positive stop lug boss 5 combinations; Described spacing layer I 2, spacing layer II 3 contact and bear the horizontal and length travel that normal force limits the relative railway roadbed of bed board basis; Road bed board 1 provides the catenary motion of bed board 1 under car load by the mutual slip between spacing layer I 2 and spacing layer II 3 or the shear strain of elastic cord breaker in the vertical direction; Road bed board 1 is by railway roadbed elastic layer 13 supportings that are laid on railway roadbed basis, and the maintenance of railway roadbed elastic layer 13 and replacing can realize by the mutual slip between spacing layer I 2 and spacing layer II 3; In this embodiment, described spacing layer I 2 and described road bed board 1 combination, in conjunction with Fig. 6, in this embodiment, described road bed board 1 is four jiaos of structures with short slot, described spacing layer I 2 Wei Yu road bed board 1 close contacts U-shaped, is positioned at the stopper slot that adjacent Liang Ge road 1 four jiaos of short slots that have of bed board form; Or as shown in Figure 8, the two ends of described road bed board length direction have the groove of short slot structure, described groove is semicircle, square etc., and in this embodiment, described groove is semicircle; The circle of described spacing layer I 2 Wei Yu road bed board 1 close contacts, is positioned at the stopper slot that the groove at bed board 1 length direction two ends, adjacent Liang Ge road forms; As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the side of described positive stop lug boss 5 is the conical surface, and the side of described elastic spacing body is the conical surface of joining with the side kissing of positive stop lug boss 5; In this embodiment, described spacing layer II 3 and described positive stop lug boss 5 combinations, and make described elastic cord breaker 4 between described spacing layer II 3 and described positive stop lug boss 5; Described spacing layer II 3 is structure as a whole with described elastic cord breaker 4 or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact, the conical surface of the side of described elastic cord breaker 4 for joining with the side kissing of positive stop lug boss 5; Described elastic cord breaker 4 is structure as a whole with described positive stop lug boss 5 or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact; Described positive stop lug boss 5 is integrally formed by the mode of cast and described elastic cord breaker 4.
Described spacing layer I 2, spacing layer II 3 are made by high-abrasive material, as nylon or steel plate.
As shown in Figure 3, on described positive stop lug boss 5, be provided with to limit the elastic cord breaker spacing pressing plate 10 of displacement in the vertical direction; Described spacing pressing plate 10 is connected to the top of described positive stop lug boss 5, and the top that described positive stop lug boss 5 is positioned at described elastic cord breaker 4 is stretched out in one end of spacing pressing plate 10; Between described spacing pressing plate 10 and described elastic cord breaker 4, there is the gap of moving in the vertical direction in order to elastic cord breaker.
This embodiment has two kinds to the construction technology of road bed board elastic limit device, and the elastic cord breaker 4 described in the first construction technology is prefabricated profiled structure, and connects as one with spacing layer II 3, and its concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: the construction on railway roadbed basis 6 and arrangement;
Second step: the mortar bag of laying screed 15 use on railway roadbed basis 6;
The 3rd step: lay separation layer 14 on the mortar bag of each screed 15 use;
The 4th step: lay in order to support the railway roadbed elastic layer 13 of bed board on each separation layer 14;
The 5th step: on road bed board 1, connect spacing layer I 2, continuous laying road bed board 1 on railway roadbed elastic layer 13, to road bed board in the vertical direction, the horizontal and vertical accurate adjustment location and fixing of carrying out;
The 6th step: form screed 15 at the mortar bag perfusion mortar being positioned at below railway roadbed plate 1;
The 7th step: the prefabricated elastic cord breaker being integrated 4 and spacing layer II 3 are installed in the position in spacing layer I 2 correspondences of road bed board 1, and place foamed material in the gap having between spacing layer I 2, elastic cord breaker 4, spacing layer II 3 and railway roadbed basis 6; Installation is in order to pour into a mould prefabricated mould and the seal of positive stop lug boss;
The 8th step: cast positive stop lug boss 5, and make positive stop lug boss 5 and elastic cord breaker 4, spacing layer II 3 be cast for one;
The 9th step: maintenance screed 15 and positive stop lug boss 5;
The tenth step: install and adjust rail clip and rail;
The 11 step: between adjacent Liang Kuai road bed board 1, contiguous block is installed;
The 12 step: cleaning track, the periphery perfusion dust seal material of Bing road bed board 1.
In the second construction technology, the structure that described elastic cord breaker 4 is cast-in-place shaping, between the spacing layer II3 of the prefabricated road bed board 1 with limited location layer I 2 and placed adjacent and prefabricated positive stop lug boss 5, pour into corresponding elastomeric material and make elastomeric material and spacing layer II 3 formation one curing moldings, elastic cord breaker 4 can be the rubber of coating form, specifically can adopt model PD-1 pouring type damping material (the << visco-elastic damping material >> of Luoyang boat Material Insitute's development, National Defense Industry Press, in October, 2012, 139 pages), by pouring into curing mode and spacing layer II 3 and positive stop lug boss 5, be combined into one, its concrete steps are as follows:
Construction technology to road bed board elastic limit device, its concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: railway roadbed basis 6 and positive stop lug boss 5 are built and arranged;
Second step: the mortar bag of laying screed 15 use on railway roadbed basis 6;
The 3rd step: lay separation layer 14 on the mortar bag of each screed 15 use;
The 4th step: lay railway roadbed elastic layer 13 on each separation layer 14;
The 5th step: on road bed board 1, connect spacing layer I 2, continuous laying road bed board 1 on railway roadbed elastic layer 13, to road bed board in the vertical direction, the horizontal and vertical accurate adjustment location and fixing of carrying out;
The 6th step: form screed 15 at the mortar bag perfusion mortar being positioned at below railway roadbed plate 1;
The 7th step: at the position mounting limit layer II 3 of spacing layer I 2 correspondences of road bed board 1 and mould and the seal of prefabricated elastic cord breaker 4, placement foamed material in the gap having between spacing layer I2, elastic cord breaker 4, spacing layer II 3 and railway roadbed basis 6;
The 8th step: cast elastic cord breaker 4;
The 9th step: maintenance screed 15 and elastic cord breaker 4;
The tenth step: install and adjust rail clip and rail;
The 11 step: between adjacent Liang Kuai road bed board 1, contiguous block is installed;
The 12 step: cleaning track, the periphery perfusion dust seal material of Bing road bed board 1.
As shown in Figure 7, structural representation for the utility model embodiment 2, the agent structure of this embodiment is with embodiment 1, in this embodiment, described spacing layer I 2 connects as one with described road bed board 1, close contact between described spacing layer II 3 and described positive stop lug boss 5, and make described elastic cord breaker 4 between described spacing layer of I 2 and described road bed board 1; Described spacing layer I 2 and described road bed board 1 combination, and make described elastic cord breaker 4 between described spacing layer I 2 and described road bed board 1; Described spacing layer II 3 and described positive stop lug boss 5 combinations; ) described elastic cord breaker 4, described spacing layer I 2 be integrally connected with described road bed board 1; Described spacing layer II 3 is structure as a whole with described positive stop lug boss 5 or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact; The side of described positive stop lug boss 5 is right angle face, and spacing layer II 3 face corresponding with described positive stop lug boss of described elastic spacing body is the side with positive stop lug boss and the spacing layer of right angle face that I2 kissing is joined.The construction technology of this embodiment is with the construction technology of embodiment 1.
Above-described is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
- The elastic limit device of 1.Yi Zhong road bed board, described elastic limit device includes bed board (1) and positive stop lug boss (5); Described positive stop lug boss (5) is cast in railway roadbed basis (6) and goes up and be positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the stopper slot that short slot forms; It is characterized in that: described elastic limit device also includes elastic spacing body; Described elastic spacing body is positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the stopper slot that short slot forms; Described elastic spacing body contacts with described road bed board (1), and be positioned at the groove of adjacent Liang Ge road bed board or the positive stop lug boss (5) of stopper slot that short slot forms and coordinate; Described elastic spacing body includes elastic cord breaker (4), spacing layer I (2) and spacing layer II (3); Described spacing layer I (2) and the adjacent setting of spacing layer II (3), and be the structure that can slide up and down between described spacing layer I (2) and spacing layer II (3); Described spacing layer I (2), spacing layer II (3) respectively with road bed board (1), positive stop lug boss (5) combination.
- 2. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, it is characterized in that: described spacing layer I (2) and described road bed board (1) combination, described spacing layer II (3) and described positive stop lug boss (5) combination, and described elastic cord breaker (4) is positioned between described spacing layer II (3) and described positive stop lug boss (5).
- 3. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, it is characterized in that: described spacing layer I(2) with described road bed board (1) combination, and make described elastic cord breaker (4) be positioned at described spacing layer I(2) and described bed board (1) between; Described spacing layer II (3) and described positive stop lug boss (5) combination.
- 4. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, it is characterized in that: described spacing layer I (2) is integrally connected with described road bed board (1), described spacing layer II (3) is structure as a whole with described elastic cord breaker (4) or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact, and described elastic cord breaker (4) is structure as a whole with described positive stop lug boss (5) or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact.
- 5. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, is characterized in that: described elastic cord breaker (4) is integrally formed by the mode of cast and described spacing layer II (3), positive stop lug boss (5).
- 6. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, is characterized in that: described elastic cord breaker (4), described spacing layer I (2) are integrally connected with described road bed board (1).
- 7. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, is characterized in that: described spacing layer II (3) is structure as a whole with described positive stop lug boss (5) or is integrally connected or the structure of close contact.
- 8. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, is characterized in that: the mode of described positive stop lug boss (5) by cast is integrally formed with described elastic cord breaker (4) or described spacing layer of II (3).
- 9. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 1 bed board, it is characterized in that: the side of described positive stop lug boss (5) is the conical surface, the face that described elastic spacing body is corresponding with described positive stop lug boss (5) is the conical surface of joining with the side kissing of positive stop lug boss.
- 10. the elastic limit device of a kind of road according to claim 2 bed board, is characterized in that: on described positive stop lug boss (5), be provided with to limit the elastic cord breaker spacing pressing plate (10) of displacement in the vertical direction; Described spacing pressing plate (10) is connected to the top of described positive stop lug boss (5), and the top that described positive stop lug boss (5) is positioned at described elastic cord breaker (4) is stretched out in one end of spacing pressing plate (10); Between described spacing pressing plate (10) and described elastic cord breaker (4), there is the gap of moving in the vertical direction in order to elastic cord breaker.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420266761.7U CN203938933U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420266761.7U CN203938933U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board |
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| CN203938933U true CN203938933U (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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| CN201420266761.7U Expired - Fee Related CN203938933U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | The elastic limit device of a kind of road bed board |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103993529A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | Elastic limiting device of roadbed slab |
| WO2019011101A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Ballastless track base plate connecting structure and ballastless track having same |
| CN114086434A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-25 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Longitudinally-assembled prefabricated plate type track |
| CN114214876A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure |
-
2014
- 2014-05-23 CN CN201420266761.7U patent/CN203938933U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103993529A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | Elastic limiting device of roadbed slab |
| CN103993529B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2016-08-24 | 洛阳双瑞橡塑科技有限公司 | A kind of elastic limit device of road bed board |
| WO2019011101A1 (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Ballastless track base plate connecting structure and ballastless track having same |
| CN114214876A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Earthquake-resistant ballastless track structure |
| CN114214876B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-06-02 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Anti-seismic ballastless track structure |
| CN114086434A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-25 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Longitudinally-assembled prefabricated plate type track |
| CN114086434B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-11-28 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Prefabricated plate type rail longitudinally assembled |
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