CN114214226A

CN114214226A - Soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites and application and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114214226A
Application number: CN202111435937.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑华光; 张朝晖; 何玉娇
Original assignee: Chongqing Fengyigu Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Fengyigu Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-29
Filing date: 2021-11-29
Publication date: 2022-03-22

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and discloses a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites and an application and a use method thereof. On one hand, mycorrhiza composed of various raw material strains can regulate and control the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals by plants by changing the heavy metal form, expanding the extension range of plant root systems and the like, promote the extraction and enrichment of the heavy metals by the plants and further remove the heavy metals in soil; on the other hand, the microorganisms can reduce the heavy metal migration capacity through mechanisms such as chelation of mycorrhizal exudates, root cell wall fixation, intracellular heavy metal compartmentalization isolation and the like, so that the fixing effect of the plant root system on the heavy metal in the soil is enhanced. The method can reduce the effective chromium content of the soil in the test station of Changsha, Tanzhou and Hunan pool by 12.2-16.4%, reduce the cadmium reduction rate of rice to 26.4-36.5%, improve the rice yield, fundamentally change the physicochemical property of the soil, reduce the heavy metal content in the soil, improve the polluted soil and restore the health of the soil.

Description

Soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites and application and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites and an application and a using method thereof.

Background

Agricultural cultivated land in China pursues high yield per mu, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used in an ultra-large amount, soil is seriously polluted, pesticide residues, harmful metals exceed the standard, soil is hardened, organic matters are lost, soil-borne diseases generally exist, and particularly, heavy metal pollution to the soil is caused.

The treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil is a difficult problem in the world at present, because the heavy metal pollution in soil is an irreversible process, and the heavy metal in soil is nondegradable and difficult to remove by a physical and chemical method. Crops cultivated by the soil are often seriously polluted and harm food safety and the health of the masses.

Most of the existing microbial agents exist in the form of microbial fertilizers, and the main functions of the microbial agents are to help crops to resist diseases, improve the efficacy of organic fertilizers, provide or activate nutrients and improve the quality of the crops. Most of soil remediation agents in the market mainly have the effects of remedying soil hardening and reducing the degree of salt alkalization, and do not have the function of reducing the heavy metal content, for example, CN107189781A provides a soil remediation compound microbial inoculum and a soil remediation method thereof. The traditional method is very difficult and expensive to restore the heavy metal pollution of the soil, and the microbial restoration is an important component of the soil environment biological restoration technology, can reduce the content of heavy metals in the soil or reduce the toxicity of the heavy metals by using organisms, and is a new biological environment-friendly technology with the most development and application prospects.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites and an application and a using method thereof. The soil remediation agent can effectively reduce the heavy metal content in soil, and has the core that the screened microbial strains and the combination thereof can have symbiotic compatibility with the own mycorrhizal microbiota of plants.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites is mainly prepared from the following raw materials:

bacillus subtilis, Acinetobacter thiobacillus, cyanobacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, Vibrio desulforicus, Trichoderma, Penicillium spinulosum, Bacillus coagulans, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Haemonococcus luteus and Halomonas psychrophilus.

Preferably, the soil remediation agent is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:

1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-5 parts of thiobacillus, 1-2 parts of cyanobacteria, 1-2 parts of sulfate reducing bacteria, 1-2 parts of vibrio desulfurizate, 1-2 parts of trichoderma, 2-4 parts of penicillium spinosum, 2-5 parts of bacillus coagulans, 3-5 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 2-5 parts of marinus luteus and 2-5 parts of halomonas psychrophila.

2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of thiobacillus, 2 parts of cyanobacteria, 1 part of sulfate reducing bacteria, 2 parts of vibrio desulfurizate, 2 parts of trichoderma, 3 parts of penicillium spinulosum, 4 parts of bacillus coagulans, 4 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 3 parts of marinococcus luteus and 3 parts of halomonas frigida.

Preferably, the soil remediation agent further comprises the following raw materials:

lactobacillus buchneri, lactobacillus non-buchneri, bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi.

Preferably, the lactobacillus buchneri 1-3 parts, the lactobacillus non-buchneri 2-4 parts, the bacillus subtilis 1-3 parts and the white rot fungi 2-5 parts.

Preferably, the lactobacillus buchneri 2 parts, the non-lactobacillus buchneri 3 parts, the bacillus subtilis 2 parts and the white rot fungi 3 parts.

Use of a soil remediation agent comprising a microbial metabolite for soil remediation by the use of a soil remediation agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

A method of using a microbial metabolite-containing soil remediation agent, the method of use comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: detecting soil, and measuring the pH value, inorganic salt and nitrogen content of the soil;

the second step is that: leveling a field, cleaning cultivated land crops, and ensuring that the soil moisture is 60-70% and the environmental temperature is 23-25 ℃;

the third step: if the detection result in the first step does not meet the detection standard range, adjusting the pH value of the soil to 5-9 by using lime, plant ash or an organic fertilizer, and applying the organic fertilizer to ensure that the nitrogen content in the soil is 140-225mg/kg, the phosphorus content is 57-100mg/kg, and the potassium content is 106-150 mg/kg; if the detection result of the first step meets the detection standard range, the step is omitted;

the fourth step: turning and leveling the soil by using a rotary cultivator, and keeping the air permeability of the soil;

the fifth step: keeping the soil moisture at 60-80%, selecting the environment temperature at 10-30 ℃, taking sun-shading measures, mixing the soil repairing agent containing microbial metabolites with water according to the proportion of 1: diluting with the mass ratio of 300-400, and uniformly spraying the diluted soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites into soil according to the using amount of 80-90 mL/mu;

and a sixth step: and after 50-60 days, applying the soil remediation agent containing the microbial metabolites to the soil again to finish the use.

Preferably, in the third step, the detection standard range of the detection result is that the pH value of the soil is 5-9, the nitrogen content is 140-225mg/kg, the phosphorus content is 57-100mg/kg, and the potassium content is 106-150 mg/kg.

Preferably, in the sixth step, the soil remediation agent containing the microbial metabolites is applied to the soil again in an amount of 80-90 mL/mu to be uniformly sprayed into the soil.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the composite strain in the soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites has three functions, namely, microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and sulfate can generate extracellular polymers such as polysaccharide and glycoprotein, have a large number of anionic groups, and form a complex with heavy metal ions; secondly, under the anaerobic condition, the desulfovibrio and enterobacter in the sulfate reducing bacteria can reduce sulfate to generate hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and Hg²⁺HgS precipitate is formed, Hg is inhibited²⁺The oxalic acid produced by some microorganisms and heavy metals can form insoluble oxalate precipitates, and metabolites of the microorganisms can be used for reducing the content of the heavy metals in the soil; and intracellular accumulation between microorganisms can absorb heavy metals into cells and enrich the heavy metals, such as the fungi including xylotoxin, penicillium spinosum and garcinia lutea. After heavy metals enter cells, they are distributed in the cells by regionalizationAt different sites, the microorganisms can block or convert toxic metal ions into a less toxic form. Metallothionein can be synthesized in microbial cells, has strong affinity with Hg, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ag and other heavy metals, and is combined to form a non-toxic or low-toxic complex. According to the pollution condition of soil, anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria are reasonably matched according to a scientific proportion to form a new strain. The principle is that most of the microorganisms are anaerobic and afraid of ultraviolet irradiation, so that the microorganisms continuously move underground, heavy metals chelated, complexed or carried by the microorganisms can move downwards to be separated from a plough layer, the content of the heavy metals in the soil plough layer is reduced, the toxicity of the heavy metals remained in the plough layer is reduced, and the aim of repairing the soil is finally achieved. Different microbial species and combinations thereof are applied to soil to degrade the invasion pollution of harmful heavy metals to plants, and the key points are two types, namely the species and the combinations of mycorrhiza of the plants are determined, and corresponding microbial species and combinations are matched according to the species and the combinations thereof, so that the microorganisms and the microorganisms invading from the outside can form resultant force to fully play respective functions and effects, the action and the function of the microorganisms applied from the outside are not accepted by the microorganisms of the mycorrhiza, and the action that 1+1 is far greater than 2 is formed, and the function and the action of the applied microorganisms are resisted, even counteracted.

The mycorrhiza composed of bacillus subtilis, thiobacillus, cyanobacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, vibrio desulfurated, trichoderma, penicillium microphyllum, bacillus coagulans, rhodopseudomonas palustris, enterococcus luteus, cold-salt-tolerant monad, lactobacillus buchneri, non-buchner lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, white-rot fungi and the like in the invention can regulate and control the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals by plants by changing the heavy metal form, expanding the extension range of plant roots and the like, promote the extraction and enrichment of the heavy metals by the plants, and further remove the heavy metals in soil; on the other hand, the microorganisms can reduce the heavy metal migration capacity through mechanisms such as chelation of mycorrhizal exudates, root cell wall fixation, intracellular heavy metal compartmentalization isolation and the like, so that the fixing effect of the plant root system on the heavy metal in the soil is enhanced. Meanwhile, mycorrhiza can regulate and control the unbalanced physiological metabolic process of plants by improving the nutritional status of the plants (particularly N, P and the like), stabilizing the intracellular redox balance, regulating and controlling the expression of genes related to heavy metal stress resistance, improving the rhizosphere micro-ecological environment and the like, so that the tolerance of the plants to heavy metal stress is enhanced, the growth condition of the plants under heavy metal pollution is improved, the upper limit of the heavy metal restoration capacity of the plants is improved, and the plant restoration effect is enhanced.

Thirdly, the invention adopts a soil repairing agent which has strong enough function and contains microbial metabolites and a unique soil repairing method. From the scientific perspective, the organic fertilizer is used for changing the structure and the physical and chemical properties of soil, so that the soil can be recovered into the compound microbial agent, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be changed, the soil fertility is improved, and the soil salinity is reduced.

The unique soil remediation method provided by the invention can reduce the content of available chromium in soil in the test station of Changsha, Tanjia and Huntan by 12.2-16.4%, can also reduce the cadmium reduction rate of rice to 26.4-36.5%, and can also improve the yield of rice to a certain extent. The soil remediation method provided by the invention is really feasible, and the unique soil remediation method is matched with the application of the soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites, so that the physicochemical properties of the soil can be fundamentally changed, the effect of reducing the heavy metal content in the soil is achieved, and the positive effects of improving the polluted soil and remedying the health of the soil are achieved.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples, which are set forth to illustrate the present invention, are intended to be part of the present invention, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The reagents used are all conventional products which are commercially available.

Example 1:

a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites is mainly prepared from the following raw materials:

100 g of bacillus subtilis, 100 g of thiobacillus, 100 g of cyanobacteria, 100 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 100 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 100 g of trichoderma, 200 g of penicillium spinosum, 200 g of bacillus coagulans, 300 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 200 g of hypsizigus luteus and 200 g of halomonas frigida.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the above raw materials, and making into final product.

Example 2:

300 g of bacillus subtilis, 500 g of thiobacillus, 200 g of cyanobacteria, 200 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 200 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 200 g of trichoderma, 400 g of penicillium spinosum, 500 g of bacillus coagulans, 500 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 500 g of marinococcus luteus and 500 g of halomonas frigida.

Example 3:

200 g of bacillus subtilis, 300 g of thiobacillus, 200 g of cyanobacteria, 100 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 200 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 200 g of trichoderma, 300 g of penicillium spinosum, 400 g of bacillus coagulans, 400 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 300 g of hypococcus luteus and 300 g of halomonas frigidus.

Example 4:

100 g of bacillus subtilis, 100 g of thiobacillus, 100 g of cyanobacteria, 100 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 100 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 100 g of trichoderma, 200 g of penicillium spinosum, 200 g of bacillus coagulans, 300 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 200 g of hypsizygus luteus, 200 g of halomonas frigida, 100 g of lactobacillus buchneri, 200 g of lactobacillus not buchneri, 100 g of bacillus subtilis and 200 g of white rot fungi.

Example 5:

300 g of bacillus subtilis, 500 g of thiobacillus, 200 g of cyanobacteria, 200 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 200 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 200 g of trichoderma, 400 g of penicillium spinosum, 500 g of bacillus coagulans, 500 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 500 g of marinococcus luteus, 500 g of halomonas frigida, 300 g of lactobacillus buchneri, 400 g of lactobacillus non-buchneri, 300 g of bacillus subtilis and 500 g of white rot fungi.

Example 6:

200 g of bacillus subtilis, 300 g of thiobacillus, 200 g of cyanobacteria, 100 g of sulfate reducing bacteria, 200 g of vibrio desulfurizate, 200 g of trichoderma, 300 g of penicillium spinosum, 400 g of bacillus coagulans, 400 g of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 300 g of hypsizigus luteus, 300 g of halomonas frigida, 200 g of lactobacillus buchneri, 300 g of lactobacillus not buchneri, 200 g of bacillus subtilis and 300 g of white rot fungi.

Examples of the experiments

Performance testing experiment one:

the microbial metabolite-containing soil remediation agents of example 1, example 3, example 4 and example 6 were applied to rice at the Changsha, Turkish and Hunan Tan test stations as control for commercial soil remediation agents. And detecting the concentration of heavy metal ions in the soil, and calculating the reduction amplitude of the effective cadmium content of the soil, the yield increase rate of rice and the pH increment of the soil after implementation. The specific results are as follows:

the site of the test area and the main physicochemical properties of the soil are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 chromium content in soil at each test station

1. Collecting, detecting and analyzing samples:

the selected examples and the purchased commercial soil remediation agent are used as test products, the test products are uniformly mixed with the soil by combining with the paddy field ploughing base application 7 days before the rice transplantation, and after 60 days, the soil is uniformly sprayed once again, and the using amount of the soil remediation agent is in accordance with the use instruction of the product.

After 100 days, three samples of soil and rice plants are respectively selected in three test stations by adopting a five-point sampling method, three times of repetition are set, the samples are sent to a third-party detection unit from an environmental monitoring master station of the Ministry of agriculture to detect the reduction of the effective cadmium content of soil, the yield increase of rice and the increase of soil pH, and the average value of the samples is taken as test data. Soil and plant samples required in the test were sampled under the guidance of the environmental monitoring central station of the Ministry of agriculture.

2. And (3) product evaluation:

the method for calculating the indexes of the system is characterized in that the effective cadmium content reduction of soil, the yield increase of rice and the soil pH increment are assisted by the index system, and the method comprises the following steps:

the cadmium reduction rate of rice is as follows: (cadmium content of Rice treated by conventional control-cadmium content of Rice tested product)/cadmium content of Rice treated by conventional control X100%

And (3) reducing the amplitude of the effective cadmium content of the soil: (soil effective state cadmium content of conventional control treatment-soil effective state cadmium content of test product)/soil effective state cadmium content of conventional control treatment x 100%

The yield of the rice is increased: [ yield of test product-yield of conventional control treatment)/yield of conventional control treatment

Soil pH increment: soil pH of the product was tested-soil pH of conventional control treatment.

3. The product has the following effects:

after 100 days, indexes such as cadmium reduction effect of rice implemented with the microbial metabolite-containing soil remediation agent are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 shows the cadmium reduction effect and the yield increase effect of rice

As can be seen from Table 2, compared with commercially available soil remediation agents, the soil remediation agent provided by the invention and applied in the embodiments 1, 3, 4 and 6 can effectively improve the cadmium reduction rate of rice, the improvement range is 26.4% -36.5%, the rice yield can be increased to a certain extent, the content of effective cadmium in soil is reduced, and the reduction range is 12.2% -16.4%, so that the growth of rice is facilitated.

Performance test two:

the products of the patent in example 1, example 3, example 4 and example 6 are tested in a long-life soil remediation test area in Chongqing city, and the change conditions of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, barrels, lead, zinc, nickel, chromium and soil pH value in soil after the soil remediation agent in example 1, example 3, example 4 and example 6 is applied are detected, so as to detect whether the using method of the soil remediation agent containing the microbial metabolite can achieve an ideal soil remediation effect.

The test method comprises the following steps: the method is applied strictly according to the using method of the soil repairing agent, and after the soil repairing agent is applied for 100 days, a soil sample is selected by using a five-point sampling method and is set to repeat for three times. And detecting cadmium, mercury, arsenic, bucket, lead, zinc, nickel and chromium in the soil and the pH value of the soil.

The results are shown in table 3:

TABLE 3 Change in heavy Metal content (in mg/kg) in soil before and after application of soil remediation agent to the longevity test area

As shown in Table 3, after the soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites is applied, the heavy metal content in the soil of the long-life test station is reduced to a certain extent, which shows that the soil remediation agent has the function of reducing the heavy metal content in the soil, can achieve the aim of soil improvement, reduces the pH value of alkaline soil, effectively remediates polluted soil, and is beneficial to the growth of crops.

The present invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by the present invention, and the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. The above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made to some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the present invention, and at the same time, such modifications or substitutions may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials:

2. The soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:

3. The soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites as claimed in claim 2, wherein the soil remediation agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:

4. The soil remediation agent of claim 1 further comprising the following materials:

5. The soil remediation agent of claim 4 further comprising a microbial metabolite, wherein said Lactobacillus buchneri is present in an amount of 1-3 parts, Lactobacillus non-buchneri is present in an amount of 2-4 parts, Bacillus subtilis in an amount of 1-3 parts, and white rot fungi in an amount of 2-5 parts.

6. The soil remediation agent of claim 5 further comprising 2 parts Lactobacillus buchneri, 3 parts Lactobacillus non-buchneri, 2 parts Bacillus subtilis, and 3 parts fungi.

7. Use of a soil remediation agent comprising a microbial metabolite for soil remediation, wherein the soil remediation agent of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used.

8. A method of using a microbial metabolite containing soil remediation agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method of use including the steps of:

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the third step, the range of the detection criteria of the detection result is soil pH value to 5-9, nitrogen content is 140-225mg/kg, phosphorus content is 57-100mg/kg, and potassium content is 106-150 mg/kg.

10. The method for using a soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the sixth step, the soil remediation agent containing microbial metabolites is applied to the soil again in an amount of 80-90 mL/mu for uniform spraying.