CN114211836A - 一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114211836A
CN114211836A CN202111559473.1A CN202111559473A CN114211836A CN 114211836 A CN114211836 A CN 114211836A CN 202111559473 A CN202111559473 A CN 202111559473A CN 114211836 A CN114211836 A CN 114211836A
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preparing
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王玉梅
吴锦鸿
吴亮亮
马德勋
鲍汉鑫
李凡成
李春强
董亚南
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Shandong Hengpeng Hygienic Products Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法，属于纺织技术领域，流程如下，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液50～95％、弹性大分子溶液5～50％，将粘胶溶液和弹性大分子溶液进行乳化分散，形成混合溶液，接着，将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1～0.5％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在4～38℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为‑0.1MPa，静置3～6h，然后，然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为50～95％；本发明通过弹性膜放卷及收卷控制，弹性布放卷收卷及上胶控制，两种弹性产品的复合及复合后收卷控制，使弹性膜、弹性布料的回弹效果好，弹力稳定，不束缚，解决了作为衣物出现勒腰部现象的问题。

Description

一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布，又称不织布，由定向或随机的纤维构成，是新一代环保材料，无纺布具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、易分解且无毒无刺激性等特点，因而其被越来越广泛的用于生活以及卫生用布，但是，由于一些材料的特殊用途，往往需要无纺布具备一定的弹性，比如着装；
现有市场上的一些衣物基本上都需要布料具有一定的弹性，比如拉拉裤与经期裤产品，腰围基本都是用氨纶丝提供弹性，极少数使用弹性无纺布提供弹性，当使用氨纶丝提供弹性回复力时，腰部束缚感强，但是比较勒腰部，会造成穿衣者的不适感，当使用弹性无纺布提供弹性回复力时，弹性恢复性及弹性不足，极易出现掉裤子现象，穿衣者还需要借助其他外物提供作用力来固定衣物，造成穿搭不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中衣物布料弹性强度不适用，造成使用者舒适感降低、使用不便的问题，而提出的一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，流程如下：
步骤1，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液50～95％、弹性大分子溶液5～50％，将粘胶溶液和弹性大分子溶液进行乳化分散，形成混合溶液；
步骤2，将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1～0.5％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在4～38℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置3～6h；
步骤3，然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为50～95％，弹性大分子质量份数为5～50％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制；
步骤4，然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯70-85重量份、弹性体15-25重量份和柔软母粒0.8-2.3重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网；
步骤5，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯1.5-3.5重量份、弹性体90-98重量份和柔软母粒1.5-3.2重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
步骤6，将步骤4中制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，得到弹性布料；
步骤7，接着使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，上胶量1-4g，上胶温度100-200℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，获取复合产品。
优选地，所述步骤1中制作混合溶液的过程为：准备粘胶溶液50～95％、弹性大分子溶液5～50％的比例，放入乳化机中进行乳化分散，乳化温度为20～40℃，乳化时间为10～30min，乳化机的转速为200-15000转/分，形成混合溶液。
优选地，所述步骤2中纺丝工艺参数分别为：温度10-30℃,拉伸率40-120％，拉伸温度30-150℃,定型温度35-155℃。
优选地，所述步骤3中对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为5％-20％，运行拉伸时张力为50％-150％。
优选地，所述弹性体是由等规聚丙烯的重复单体与无规分布的乙烯组成，平均分子量是300000至800000，分子量分布是3-4，熔融指数是20g/10min-48g/10min，并且所述弹性体内含占比为10％-20％的无规分布的乙烯。
优选地，所述柔软母粒包括聚丙烯均聚物45-50重量份、脂肪酰胺23-28重量份、聚乙烯醇23-28重量份和亚磷酸酯抗氧化剂1-2重量份。
优选地，所述步骤6中对弹性布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为1％-10％，运行拉伸时张力为5％-12％。
优选地，所述胶涂层包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层，所述浆点涂层的原料为聚氨酯乳液，所述撒粉涂层的原料为共聚酰胺。
优选地，所述步骤7中对复合后的成品进行收卷的数值是：复合压力0.2-1mpa，浮动辊40-60％，复合后收卷停止张力10-20％，运行张力5-15％。
一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料，所述弹性效果好的弹性复合材料由上述方法制作而成。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法，具备以下有益效果：
1、该弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法，通过弹性膜放卷及收卷控制，弹性布放卷收卷及上胶控制，两种弹性产品的复合及复合后收卷控制，使弹性膜、弹性布料的回弹效果好，弹力稳定，不束缚，解决了作为衣物出现勒腰部现象的问题；
2、该弹性效果好的弹性复合材料及其制备方法，通过调整两种溶液的质量百分比来达到弹性复合聚乙烯醇纤维中各组分的质量百分比，通过搅拌机将水性聚氨酯溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液进行共混,依靠搅拌机将水性聚氨酯剪切成分散相，均匀的分散在聚乙烯醇溶液中，提高弹性膜的回弹率，减少衣物勒腰的现象，提升穿衣的舒适度。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法的流程结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1：
参照图1，一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，流程如下：
步骤1，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液60％、弹性大分子溶液40％，将粘胶溶液和弹性大分子溶液进行乳化分散，形成混合溶液；
步骤2，将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在10℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置3h；
步骤3，然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为60％，弹性大分子质量份数为40％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制；
步骤4，然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯70重量份、弹性体15重量份和柔软母粒0.8重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网；
步骤5，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯1.5重量份、弹性体90重量份和柔软母粒1.5重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
步骤6，将步骤4中制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，得到弹性布料；
步骤7，接着使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，上胶量1g，上胶温度100℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，获取复合产品。
本发明中，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液60％、弹性大分子溶液40％的比例，粘胶为棉纤维素，且纤维素的数均分子量为1200，粘胶溶液中的固化含量为10％，放入乳化机中进行乳化分散，乳化温度为20度，乳化时间为10min，乳化机的转速为500转/分，形成混合溶液，粘胶溶液的固含量为5％，弹性大分子溶液为水溶性聚氨酯或油溶性聚氨酯中的一种,水溶性聚氨酯的固含量为10％，油溶性聚氨酯溶液的固含量为10％；
将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在10℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置3h，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷或聚醚改性硅或高碳醇或有机硅中的一种；
然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为60％，弹性大分子质量份数为40％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，纺丝工艺参数分别为：温度10℃,拉伸率400％，拉伸温度50℃,定型温度35-155℃，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制，对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为5％，运行拉伸时张力为50％；
然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将将纺粘原料聚丙烯70重量份、弹性体15重量份和柔软母粒0.8重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯1.5重量份、弹性体90重量份和柔软母粒1.5重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
弹性体是由等规聚丙烯的重复单体与无规分布的乙烯组成，平均分子量是400000，分子量分布是3，熔融指数是20g/10min，并且所述弹性体内含占比为10％的无规分布的乙烯，柔软母粒包括聚丙烯均聚物45重量份、脂肪酰胺23重量份、聚乙烯醇23重量份和亚磷酸酯抗氧化剂1重量份；
将制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为1％，运行拉伸时张力为5％，得到弹性布料；
接着通过复合机使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，胶涂层包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层，浆点涂层的原料为聚氨酯乳液，撒粉涂层的原料为共聚酰胺，上胶量1g，上胶温度100℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，对复合后的成品进行收卷的数值是：复合压力0.2mpa，浮动辊40％，复合后收卷停止张力10％，运行张力5％，获取复合产品。
实施例2：
参照图1，一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，流程如下：
步骤1，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液80％、弹性大分子溶液20％，将粘胶溶液和弹性大分子溶液进行乳化分散，形成混合溶液；
步骤2，将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.3％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在25℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置4h；
步骤3，然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为80％，弹性大分子质量份数为20％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制；
步骤4，然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯75重量份、弹性体20重量份和柔软母粒1.5重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网；
步骤5，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯2.5重量份、弹性体95重量份和柔软母粒2重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
步骤6，将步骤4中制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，得到弹性布料；
步骤7，接着使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，上胶量3g，上胶温度150℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，获取复合产品。
本发明中，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液80％、弹性大分子溶液20％的比例，粘胶为棉纤维素，且纤维素的数均分子量为1000，粘胶溶液中的固化含量为10％，放入乳化机中进行乳化分散，乳化温度为30乳化时间为20min，乳化机的转速为1000转/分，形成混合溶液，粘胶溶液的固含量为10％，弹性大分子溶液为水溶性聚氨酯或油溶性聚氨酯中的一种,水溶性聚氨酯的固含量为30％，油溶性聚氨酯溶液的固含量为20％；
将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1～0.5％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在25℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置4h，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷或聚醚改性硅或高碳醇或有机硅中的一种；
然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为80％，弹性大分子质量份数为20％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，纺丝工艺参数分别为：温度20℃,拉伸率70％，拉伸温度80℃,定型温度85℃，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制，对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为10％，运行拉伸时张力为90％；
然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将将纺粘原料聚丙烯78重量份、弹性体20重量份和柔软母粒1.5重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯2.5重量份、弹性体95重量份和柔软母粒2.5重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
弹性体是由等规聚丙烯的重复单体与无规分布的乙烯组成，平均分子量是500000，分子量分布是3，熔融指数是35g/10min，并且所述弹性体内含占比为15％的无规分布的乙烯，柔软母粒包括聚丙烯均聚物47重量份、脂肪酰胺25重量份、聚乙烯醇25重量份和亚磷酸酯抗氧化剂1重量份；
将制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为5％，运行拉伸时张力为8％，得到弹性布料；
接着通过复合机使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，胶涂层包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层，浆点涂层的原料为聚氨酯乳液，撒粉涂层的原料为共聚酰胺，上胶量3g，上胶温度150℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，对复合后的成品进行收卷的数值是：复合压力0.6mpa，浮动辊50％，复合后收卷停止张力15％，运行张力10％，获取复合产品。
实施例3：
参照图1，一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料，制备流程如下：
首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液90％、弹性大分子溶液10％的比例，粘胶为棉纤维素，且纤维素的数均分子量为1500，粘胶溶液中的固化含量为10％，放入乳化机中进行乳化分散，乳化温度为40乳化时间为30min，乳化机的转速为15000转/分，形成混合溶液，粘胶溶液的固含量为15％，弹性大分子溶液为水溶性聚氨酯或油溶性聚氨酯中的一种,水溶性聚氨酯的固含量为50％，油溶性聚氨酯溶液的固含量为30％；
将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.5％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在35℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置6h，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷或聚醚改性硅或高碳醇或有机硅中的一种；
然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为90％，弹性大分子质量份数为10％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，纺丝工艺参数分别为：温度30℃,拉伸率100％，拉伸温度150℃,定型温度130℃，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制，对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为20％，运行拉伸时张力为150％；
然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将将纺粘原料聚丙烯85重量份、弹性体25重量份和柔软母粒2.3重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯3.5重量份、弹性体98重量份和柔软母粒3.2重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
弹性体是由等规聚丙烯的重复单体与无规分布的乙烯组成，平均分子量是800000，分子量分布是4，熔融指数是48g/10min，并且所述弹性体内含占比为20％的无规分布的乙烯，柔软母粒包括聚丙烯均聚物50重量份、脂肪酰胺28重量份、聚乙烯醇28重量份和亚磷酸酯抗氧化剂2重量份；
将制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为10％，运行拉伸时张力为12％，得到弹性布料；
接着通过复合机使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，胶涂层包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层，浆点涂层的原料为聚氨酯乳液，撒粉涂层的原料为共聚酰胺，上胶量4g，上胶温度200℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，对复合后的成品进行收卷的数值是：复合压力1mpa，浮动辊60％，复合后收卷停止张力20％，运行张力15％，获取复合产品。
本发明中，通过弹性膜放卷及收卷控制，弹性布放卷收卷及上胶控制，两种弹性产品的复合及复合后收卷控制，使弹性膜、弹性布料的回弹效果好，弹力稳定，不束缚，完美解决作为衣物出现勒腰部现象的问题
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，流程如下：
步骤1，首先制作弹性膜，准备粘胶溶液50～95％、弹性大分子溶液5～50％，将粘胶溶液和弹性大分子溶液进行乳化分散，形成混合溶液；
步骤2，将混合溶液中添加占据混合溶液质量比为0.1～0.5％的消泡剂，搅拌均匀，在4～38℃的温度下抽真空，真空度为-0.1MPa，静置3～6h；
步骤3，然后将脱泡后的混合溶液经纺丝工艺后得到得到粘胶质量份数为50～95％，弹性大分子质量份数为5～50％的弹性复合粘胶纤维，即为弹性膜，并对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制；
步骤4，然后制作弹性布料，先制备面层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯70-85重量份、弹性体15-25重量份和柔软母粒0.8-2.3重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到面层纤网；
步骤5，接着制备中间层纤网，将纺粘原料聚丙烯1.5-3.5重量份、弹性体90-98重量份和柔软母粒1.5-3.2重量份进行混合、挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网，得到中间层纤网；
步骤6，将步骤4中制备的面层纤网作为上下层，将步骤5制备的中间层纤网热压在中间，得到布料，接着将布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制，得到弹性布料；
步骤7，接着使用胶涂层将弹性膜和弹性布料复合在一起，上胶量1-4g，上胶温度100-200℃，复合后对成品进行收卷，获取复合产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1中制作混合溶液的过程为：准备粘胶溶液50～95％、弹性大分子溶液5～50％的比例，放入乳化机中进行乳化分散，乳化温度为20～40℃，乳化时间为10～30min，乳化机的转速为200-15000转/分，形成混合溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中纺丝工艺参数分别为：温度10-30℃,拉伸率40-120％，拉伸温度30-150℃,定型温度35-155℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中对弹性膜进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为5％-20％，运行拉伸时张力为50％-150％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体是由等规聚丙烯的重复单体与无规分布的乙烯组成，平均分子量是300000至800000，分子量分布是3-4，熔融指数是20g/10min-48g/10min，并且所述弹性体内含占比为10％-20％的无规分布的乙烯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述柔软母粒包括聚丙烯均聚物45-50重量份、脂肪酰胺23-28重量份、聚乙烯醇23-28重量份和亚磷酸酯抗氧化剂1-2重量份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤6中对弹性布料进行放卷与收卷张力控制的流程是：使用牵引拉伸辊对弹力膜进行拉伸，停止拉伸时张力为1％-10％，运行拉伸时张力为5％-12％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述胶涂层包括浆点涂层和撒粉涂层，所述浆点涂层的原料为聚氨酯乳液，所述撒粉涂层的原料为共聚酰胺。
9.根据权利要求1所述的弹性效果好的弹性复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤7中对复合后的成品进行收卷的数值是：复合压力0.2-1mpa，浮动辊40-60％，复合后收卷停止张力10-20％，运行张力5-15％。
10.一种弹性效果好的弹性复合材料，其特征在于，所述弹性效果好的弹性复合材料由所述权利要求1-9的任一项方法所得。
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