CN114210022A

CN114210022A - Lower limb exercising device for orthopedic nursing

Info

Publication number: CN114210022A
Application number: CN202111413429.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈骋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-11-25
Filing date: 2021-11-25
Publication date: 2022-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-25
Also published as: CN114210022B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of orthopedic rehabilitation equipment, in particular to a lower limb exercising device for orthopedic nursing, which comprises a bottom plate and further comprises: the squatting mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises a support fifth and a support second, wherein the support fifth and the support second are fixed on the bottom plate; the supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the back plate and is used for supporting and protecting the patient when the patient squats to the lowest point; and the anti-falling mechanism is arranged on the fifth support and is in transmission connection with the back plate and used for stopping the back plate when the back plate suddenly slides downwards. This kind of a lower limbs exercise device for orthopedic nursing for the patient has corresponding lower limbs rehabilitation training, thereby improves the training effect, and the security of patient when carrying out lower limbs rehabilitation training.

Description

Lower limb exercising device for orthopedic nursing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of orthopedic rehabilitation equipment, in particular to a lower limb exercise device for orthopedic nursing.

Background

After the lower limbs of the patient are operated, the rest time is long, so that the rehabilitation training aiming at the lower limbs is needed in the movable stage so as to recover the function of the lower limbs as soon as possible. Specific ways to exercise the lower limbs include: the static squatting mode is that the back of a patient leans against a wall, the knees of two feet are as wide as shoulders, the toes of the two feet are forward, the patient squats to the point where the knee tips and the toes are connected and is perpendicular to the ground, the center of gravity is placed on the feet on the affected side, the squatting depth is automatically controlled, the degree of full fatigue can be achieved within 2 minutes basically, and the aim of exercising the lower limbs is achieved repeatedly according to the self condition.

However, since the strength, balance and control ability of the body of a patient are greatly reduced after the patient is rested for a long time, the patient cannot stably control the body particularly when the patient squats to a lower position, and cannot stand up to return to a standing state, so that the patient falls down, the injury is increased, and the patient is dangerous.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lower limb exercise device for orthopedic nursing, which solves the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a lower limb exercise device for orthopedic nursing, includes the bottom plate, still includes:

the squatting mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises a support fifth and a support second, wherein the support fifth and the support second are fixed on the bottom plate;

the supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the back plate and is used for supporting and protecting the patient when the patient squats to the lowest point;

and the anti-falling mechanism is arranged on the fifth support and is in transmission connection with the back plate and used for stopping the back plate when the back plate suddenly slides downwards.

Preferably, the back of the back plate is fixed with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on and slidably connected to a fifth support, the sliding sleeve is connected with the anti-falling mechanism, the fixed shaft at the upper end of the fifth support is rotatably connected with a second guide wire wheel, and the pull rope bypasses the upper side of the second guide wire wheel and is connected with the back plate.

Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixed at the central axis of the winding wheel, the fixed shaft of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second support, the rotating shaft is connected with the second support through a coil spring, the first support is arranged between the second support and the fifth support, the first support is fixed on the bottom plate, the fixed shaft of the first support is rotatably connected with the first wire guide wheel, and the pull rope is wound on the upper side of the second wire guide wheel after winding around the lower side of the first wire guide wheel.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a friction disc, the bottom plate is fixedly provided with a third support and a fourth support, the fourth support is located between the third support and the second support, the fourth support is connected with a first sliding barrel in a sliding mode, the cross section of the first sliding barrel is in a regular quadrilateral shape, one end, pointing to the friction disc, of the first sliding barrel is fixedly provided with a friction plate, the friction plate can be in abutting-buckling contact with the side wall of the friction disc and can slide relatively, the third support is connected with a screw rod in a penetrating and threaded mode, one end, pointing to the first sliding barrel, of the screw rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first sliding rod, the first sliding rod is connected into the first sliding barrel in a plugging and sliding mode, and the first sliding rod is connected with the inner wall of the first sliding barrel through a first spring.

Preferably, a convex rod is fixed on the lower side edge of the back plate, a second vertical downward sliding rod is fixed on the lower surface of the convex rod, the second sliding rod is inserted into the second sliding cylinder and can slide in the second sliding cylinder, and the lower end of the second sliding rod is connected with the lower end of the inside of the second sliding cylinder through a second spring.

Preferably, the lower end of the second sliding cylinder can be in abutting and buckling contact with a cushion block fixed on the bottom plate, the lower end of the outer side wall of the second sliding cylinder is hinged to one end of the supporting plate through the first connecting rod, and one end, far away from the first connecting rod, of the supporting plate is in fixed-axis rotating connection with the lower side edge of the back plate.

Preferably, the anti-falling mechanism comprises a third wire wheel which is rotationally connected to the fifth support through a fixed shaft, the third wire wheel is located on the upper side of the sliding sleeve, cotton threads are wound on the upper side of the third wire wheel, a heavy block is fixedly connected to one end of each cotton thread, a sliding block with a dovetail-shaped cross section is fixed on the heavy block, a sliding groove with a cross section matched with the sliding block is formed in the fifth support, and the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

Preferably, a guide sleeve is fixed on the side wall of the sliding sleeve, a locking rod is inserted into the guide sleeve and is connected with the sliding sleeve in a sliding mode, the locking rod is perpendicular to the central axis of the sliding sleeve, one end of the locking rod penetrates through the side wall of the sliding sleeve and can be inserted into a buckling groove formed in the fifth support, a plurality of buckling grooves are formed in the fifth support along the length direction and are arranged at equal intervals, a pressing plate is fixed at one end, far away from the sliding sleeve, of the locking rod, and the pressing plate is connected with the guide sleeve through a third spring.

Preferably, one end, far away from the heavy block, of the cotton thread is connected with two second connecting rods, the two second connecting rods are hinged with the pressing plate and the sliding sleeve respectively, and the two second connecting rods are arranged in a V shape.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the squatting mechanism assists the patient to carry out lower limb rehabilitation exercise, the training effect is improved, the resistance can be adjusted, and the patient can carry out adaptive adjustment according to the lower limb conditions of different patients or the recovery conditions in different periods, so that the patient can have targeted lower limb rehabilitation training, the training effect is improved, and the patient can be helped to quickly recover.

In the lower limb rehabilitation exercise device, the support mechanism is driven to be unfolded through the squatting mechanism in the lower limb rehabilitation exercise process of a patient, so that the hip of the patient can be supported, the patient is prevented from suddenly sitting down due to poor strength and poor balance, the lower limb exercise safety of the patient is improved, and the support mechanism is automatically retracted after the patient gets up, so that the attachment of the back of the patient and the back plate cannot be influenced.

According to the invention, under the condition that the back plate suddenly and quickly moves downwards, the squatting mechanism triggers the anti-falling mechanism to act, so that the back plate is quickly prevented from moving downwards, a patient is prevented from suddenly sitting downwards, the effect of protecting the patient is achieved, and the safety of the patient during lower limb rehabilitation training is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of an assembly structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first schematic sectional view of the sliding sleeve and the bracket according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the final assembly structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sliding sleeve and a bracket according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the weight and the bracket of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a slide cylinder according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a first bracket; 3. a second bracket; 4. a third bracket; 5. a fourth bracket; 6. a first sliding rod; 7. a screw; 8. a first sliding cylinder; 9. a first spring; 10. a friction plate; 11. a friction disk; 12. a rotating shaft; 13. a coil spring; 14. a winding wheel; 15. a first wire guide wheel; 16. a second sliding rod; 17. pulling a rope; 18. a nose bar; 19. a sliding sleeve; 20. a fifth bracket; 21. a third wire guide wheel; 22. a second wire guide wheel; 23. a weight block; 24. a back plate; 25. a support plate; 26. a second sliding cylinder; 27. a first connecting rod; 28. a second spring; 29. cushion blocks; 30. cotton threads; 31. buckling grooves; 32. a second connecting rod; 33. pressing a plate; 34. a lock lever; 35. a third spring; 36. a guide sleeve; 37. a chute; 38. a slide block.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a lower limb exercise device for orthopedic nursing comprises a base plate 1 and further comprises:

the squatting mechanism with resistance adjustment is arranged on the bottom plate 1 and comprises a support fifth 20 and a support second 3 which are fixed on the bottom plate 1, a back plate 24 is arranged on the support fifth 20, a winding wheel 14 is arranged on the support second 3, a pull rope 17 is wound on the winding wheel 14, and one end of the pull rope 17 is fixedly connected with the back plate 24;

the supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the back plate 24 and is used for supporting and protecting the patient when the patient squats to the lowest point;

the anti-falling mechanism is arranged on the support five 20, is in transmission connection with the back plate 24 and is used for stopping the back plate 24 when the back plate 24 suddenly slides downwards.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, a sliding sleeve 19 is fixed on the back of the back plate 24, the sliding sleeve 19 is sleeved on and slidably connected to a fifth support 20, the sliding sleeve 19 is connected to an anti-falling mechanism, a second guide wheel 22 is rotatably connected to an upper fixed shaft of the fifth support 20, the pull rope 17 bypasses the upper side of the second guide wheel 22 and is connected to the back plate 24, the anti-falling mechanism prevents the back plate 24 from moving down by quickly preventing the sliding sleeve 19 from moving down, so as to prevent a patient from sitting down suddenly, thereby protecting the patient and improving the safety of the patient during lower limb rehabilitation training.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a rotating shaft 12 is fixed at a central axis of a winding wheel 14, the rotating shaft 12 is connected to a second bracket 3 in a fixed-axis rotating manner, the rotating shaft 12 is connected to the second bracket 3 through a coil spring 13, a first bracket 2 is arranged between the second bracket 3 and a fifth bracket 20, the first bracket 2 is fixed to a base plate 1, a first wire guide wheel 15 is connected to the first bracket 2 in a fixed-axis rotating manner, a pull rope 17 is wound around the lower side of the first wire guide wheel 15 and then connected to the upper side of a second wire guide wheel 22, and the first guide wheel 15 and the second wire guide wheel 22 play a role in supporting and guiding the pull rope 17, so that the pull rope 17 stably runs.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a friction disc 11 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 12, a third support 4 and a fourth support 5 are fixed to a bottom plate 1, the fourth support 5 is located between the third support 4 and the second support 3, a first sliding barrel 8 is slidably connected to the fourth support 5, the cross-sectional profile of the first sliding barrel 8 is a regular quadrilateral, a friction plate 10 is fixed to one end of the first sliding barrel 8, which is directed to the friction disc 11, and the friction plate 10 can be in abutting contact with the side wall of the friction disc 11 and can slide relatively, a screw 7 is connected to the third support 4 in a penetrating and threaded manner, a first sliding rod 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the first sliding barrel 7, which is directed to the first sliding barrel 8, the first sliding rod 6 is inserted into and slidably connected to the first sliding barrel 8, the first sliding rod 6 is connected to the inner wall of the first sliding barrel 8 through a first spring 9, and the resistance to the friction disc 11 is adjusted by adjusting the pressure between the friction plate 10 and the friction disc 11 when the friction disc 11 rotates, the lower limb rehabilitation training device has the advantages that the adaptability adjustment is carried out according to the lower limb conditions of different patients or the recovery conditions of different periods, so that the patients can have targeted lower limb rehabilitation training, the training effect is improved, and the patients can be helped to quickly recover.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a protruding rod 18 is fixed on the lower side of a back plate 24, a second slide rod 16 which is vertically downward is fixed on the lower surface of the protruding rod 18, the second slide rod 16 is inserted into a second slide cylinder 26 and can slide in the second slide cylinder 26, the lower end of the second slide rod 16 is connected with the inner lower end of the second slide cylinder 26 through a second spring 28, the lower end of the second slide cylinder 26 can be in abutting contact with a cushion block 29 fixed on the bottom plate 1, the lower end of the outer side wall of the second slide cylinder 26 is hinged with one end of a supporting plate 25 through a first connecting rod 27, one end of the supporting plate 25 far away from the first connecting rod 27 is fixedly and rotatably connected to the lower side of the back plate 24, in the process that the back plate 24 moves downward relative to the second slide cylinder 26, thrust is applied to the supporting plate 25 through the first connecting rod 27, so that the supporting plate 25 tends to be horizontal, so as to support the patient's buttocks, and avoid sudden seating caused by force difference and balance difference, thereby improving the safety of the lower limb exercise of the patient.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the anti-falling mechanism includes a third wire guide wheel 21 rotationally connected to the fifth bracket 20 with a fixed axis, the third wire guide wheel 21 is located on the upper side of the sliding sleeve 19, a cotton thread 30 is wound around the upper side of the third wire guide wheel 21, one end of the cotton thread 30 is fixedly connected to the weight 23, a sliding block 38 with a dovetail-shaped cross section is fixed on the weight 23, a sliding groove 37 with a cross section matched with the sliding block 38 is formed in the fifth bracket 20, and the sliding block 38 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 37.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, a guide sleeve 36 is fixed on a side wall of the sliding sleeve 19, a lock rod 34 is inserted and slidably connected in the guide sleeve 36, the lock rod 34 is perpendicular to a central axis of the sliding sleeve 19, one end of the lock rod 34 penetrates through the side wall of the sliding sleeve 19 and can be inserted in a buckle slot 31 formed in the support five 20, a plurality of buckle slots 31 are formed in the support five 20 along a length direction, the buckle slots 31 are arranged at equal intervals, a pressing plate 33 is fixed at one end of the lock rod 34 away from the sliding sleeve 19, the pressing plate 33 is connected with the guide sleeve 36 through a spring three 35, one end of the cotton thread 30 away from the weight 23 is connected with two link rods 32, the two link rods 32 are respectively hinged with the pressing plate 33 and the sliding sleeve 19, the two link rods 32 are arranged in a V shape, the cotton thread 30 exerts a pulling force on the two link rods 32 by using the gravity of the weight 23, so that the lock rod 34 is separated from the buckle slot 31, so that under normal conditions, the sliding sleeve 19 slides up and down stably on the bracket five 20.

When assisting patients to do lower limb exercise, the invention has the following use process:

the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a patient stands on the bottom plate 1, and the back of the patient leans against the back plate 24, so that the self weight of the patient can be utilized to increase the stable support of the bottom plate 1, thereby enabling the back plate 24 to stably slide up and down on the bracket five 20, when the patient squats down, the back of the patient drives the back plate 24 to move down, thereby enabling the back plate 24 to synchronously drive the sliding sleeve 19 to move down, and the downward movement of the back plate 24 exerts a pulling force on the pulling rope 17, so that the pulling rope 17 is pulled out from the winding wheel 14 and drives the winding wheel 14 to rotate counterclockwise, wherein the first wire guide wheel 15 and the second wire guide wheel 22 play a role of guiding and supporting the pulling rope 17, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the pulling rope 17, the counterclockwise rotation of the winding wheel 14 synchronously drives the rotating shaft 12 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby enabling the rotating shaft 12 to exert a torque on the coil spring 13, and enabling the coil spring 13 to deform and obtain a restoring force which has a function of driving the winding wheel 14 to wind the pulling rope 17 when the back plate 24 moves up, the pull rope 17 is prevented from being loose, and on the other hand, reverse tension is applied to the back plate 24 through the pull rope 17, so that upward tension is applied to the patient through the back plate 24, the leg strength training of the patient is enhanced, and the training effect is improved;

when a patient gets up, the back plate 24 is driven to move upwards, so that the back plate 24 has no tension on the pull rope 17, the rotating shaft 12 drives the winding wheel 14 to rotate clockwise under the action of the restoring force of the coil spring 13, the pull rope 17 is automatically wound, the pull rope 17 is prevented from being loosened, and the patient can conveniently perform repeated training for many times;

according to the lower limb conditions of different patients or the recovery conditions of different periods, the screw 7 is rotated to drive the sliding rod I6 to slide left and right in the sliding barrel I8 under the action of thread transmission, so as to compress or stretch the spring I9, so that the first spring 9 applies pushing force or pulling force to the first sliding barrel 8, and the first sliding barrel 8 drives the friction plate 10 to approach or separate from the friction disc 11, thereby realizing the adjustment of the pressure between the friction plate 10 and the friction disc 11, and then the resistance to the friction disc 11 is adjusted when the friction disc 11 rotates, so that the friction disc 11 adjusts the resistance of the winding wheel 14 rotating under the tension of the pulling rope 17 through the rotating shaft 12, the adaptability adjustment according to the lower limb conditions of different patients or the recovery conditions of different periods is realized, so that the patient has targeted lower limb rehabilitation training, thereby improving the training effect and helping the patient to quickly recover;

step two: as shown in the first step, the protruding rod 18, the second sliding rod 16, the second sliding barrel 26 and the supporting plate 25 are synchronously driven to move downwards in the downward movement process of the back plate 24, after the lower end of the second sliding barrel 26 is in abutting contact with the cushion block 29, the downward movement of the back plate 24 drives the second sliding rod 16 to move downwards in the second sliding barrel 26 through the protruding rod 18 and compress the second spring 28, so that the second spring 28 obtains a restoring force, in the downward movement process of the back plate 24 relative to the second sliding barrel 26, the first connecting rod 27 applies a thrust force to the supporting plate 25, so that the supporting plate 25 tends to be horizontal, so that the supporting effect on the hip of a patient is achieved, the patient is prevented from suddenly sitting down due to the force difference and the balance difference, the exercise safety of the lower limbs of the patient is improved, and the restoring force obtained by the second spring 28 pushes the back plate 24 through the second sliding rod 16 and the protruding rod 18 to achieve an upward reaction force, so that the supporting effect on the patient is achieved;

in the process that the back plate 24 moves upwards and returns, the second sliding cylinder 26 slides downwards relative to the second sliding rod 16 and returns under the action of the restoring force of the second spring 28, so that the second sliding cylinder 26 exerts pulling force on the supporting plate 25 through the first connecting rod 27, the supporting plate 25 tends to be in a vertical state and is automatically retracted, and the attachment of the back of the patient to the back plate 24 cannot be influenced;

step three: as shown in the first step, in the process of moving the sliding sleeve 19 downward, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, due to the gravity of the weight 23, the cotton thread 30 applies a pulling force to the connecting ends of the two second connecting rods 32, so that the included angle between the two second connecting rods 32 is increased, and further a pushing force is applied to the pressing plate 33, so that the pressing plate 33 drives the locking rod 34 to move toward the outside of the sliding sleeve 19, and at the same time, the spring three 35 is stretched so that the spring three 35 obtains a restoring force, when the patient is uncontrollable or the pulling rope 17 is broken or the friction disc 11, the friction plate 10 and the coil spring 13 suddenly fail, so that the patient drives the back plate 24 to suddenly accelerate and slide downward, the cotton thread 30 is pulled off due to the large inertia force applied to the cotton thread 30, and further the connecting ends of the two second connecting rods 32 are not pulled, so that the pressing plate 33 drives the locking rod 34 to move toward the sliding sleeve 19 under the action of the spring three 35, and then make locking lever 34 peg graft in corresponding catching groove 31, prevent that sliding sleeve 19 from continuing to move down to realize preventing that backplate 24 from moving down fast under emergency, avoid the patient to sit down suddenly, play the effect to the disease protection, improve the security of disease when carrying out lower limbs rehabilitation training.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lower limb exercise device for orthopedic care, includes bottom plate (1), its characterized in that: further comprising:

the squatting mechanism with resistance adjustment is arranged on the bottom plate (1) and comprises a support five (20) and a support two (3) which are fixed on the bottom plate (1), a back plate (24) is arranged on the support five (20), a winding wheel (14) is arranged on the support two (3), a pull rope (17) is wound on the winding wheel (14), and one end of the pull rope (17) is fixedly connected with the back plate (24);

the supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the back plate (24) and is used for supporting and protecting the patient when the patient squats to the lowest point;

the anti-falling mechanism is arranged on the support five (20), is in transmission connection with the back plate (24), and is used for stopping the back plate (24) when the back plate (24) suddenly slides down.

2. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 1, characterized in that: the back of backplate (24) is fixed with sliding sleeve (19), sliding sleeve (19) cover is established and sliding connection is on support five (20), and sliding sleeve (19) are connected with anti-falling mechanism.

3. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper end of the bracket five (20) is fixedly connected with a wire guide wheel II (22) in a rotating mode, and the pull rope (17) bypasses the upper side of the wire guide wheel II (22) and is connected with the back plate (24).

4. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 3, characterized in that:

a rotating shaft (12) is fixed at the central axis of the winding wheel (14), the rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a second bracket (3) in a rotating mode, the rotating shaft (12) is connected with the second bracket (3) through a coil spring (13), a first bracket (2) is arranged between the second bracket (3) and a fifth bracket (20), the first bracket (2) is fixed on the bottom plate (1), a first wire guide wheel (15) is rotatably connected to the first bracket (2) in a fixed-shaft mode, and the pull rope (17) is wound on the upper side of the second wire guide wheel (22) after winding the lower side of the first wire guide wheel (15); a friction disc (11) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (12), a third support (4) and a fourth support (5) are fixed on the bottom plate (1), and the bracket four (5) is positioned between the bracket three (4) and the bracket two (3), the bracket IV (5) is connected with a sliding cylinder I (8) in a sliding way, the cross section profile of the sliding cylinder I (8) is a regular quadrangle, a friction plate (10) is fixed at one end of the first sliding barrel (8) which points to the friction disc (11), the friction plate (10) can be in abutting contact with the side wall of the friction disc (11) and can slide relatively, a screw rod (7) penetrates through the third support (4) and is in threaded connection with the third support, a first sliding rod (6) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod (7) pointing to the first sliding cylinder (8), the sliding rod I (6) is inserted and connected in the sliding cylinder I (8) in a sliding mode, and the sliding rod I (6) is connected with the inner wall of the sliding cylinder I (8) through a spring I (9);

the anti-falling mechanism comprises a third wire guide wheel (21) which is rotationally connected to a fifth support (20) through a fixed shaft, the third wire guide wheel (21) is located on the upper side of the sliding sleeve (19), a cotton wire (30) is wound on the upper side of the third wire guide wheel (21), one end of the cotton wire (30) is fixedly connected with a heavy block (23), a sliding block (38) with a dovetail-shaped cross section is fixed on the heavy block (23), a sliding groove (37) with a cross section matched with the sliding block (38) is formed in the fifth support (20), and the sliding block (38) is slidably connected into the sliding groove (37); a guide sleeve (36) is fixed on the side wall of the sliding sleeve (19), and a locking rod (34) is inserted and connected in the guide sleeve (36) in a sliding manner;

the squatting mechanism is used for assisting patients to perform lower limb rehabilitation exercise and can adjust resistance; in the process of lower limb rehabilitation exercise of a patient, the squat mechanism drives the supporting mechanism to unfold, and after the patient gets up, the supporting mechanism is automatically folded; under the condition that the back plate (24) suddenly moves downwards quickly, the squatting mechanism triggers the anti-falling mechanism to act, so that the back plate (24) is quickly prevented from moving downwards.

5. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 1, characterized in that: a convex rod (18) is fixed on the lower side edge of the back plate (24), a second vertical downward sliding rod (16) is fixed on the lower surface of the convex rod (18), the second sliding rod (16) is inserted into the second sliding cylinder (26) and can slide in the second sliding cylinder (26), and the lower end of the second sliding rod (16) is connected with the lower end of the inside of the second sliding cylinder (26) through a second spring (28).

6. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower end of the second sliding cylinder (26) can be in abutting contact with a cushion block (29) fixed on the bottom plate (1), the lower end of the outer side wall of the second sliding cylinder (26) is hinged to one end of the supporting plate (25) through the first connecting rod (27), and one end, far away from the first connecting rod (27), of the supporting plate (25) is fixedly connected to the lower side edge of the back plate (24) in a shaft-fixing rotating mode.

7. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 4, characterized in that: the locking rod (34) is perpendicular to the central axis of the sliding sleeve (19), one end of the locking rod (34) penetrates through the side wall of the sliding sleeve (19) and can be inserted into a buckling groove (31) formed in the support five (20), the support five (20) is provided with a plurality of buckling grooves (31) along the length direction, and the buckling grooves (31) are arranged at equal intervals.

8. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 7, characterized in that: and a pressing plate (33) is fixed at one end of the lock rod (34) far away from the sliding sleeve (19), and the pressing plate (33) is connected with the guide sleeve (36) through a spring III (35).

9. A lower extremity exercise device for orthopedic care according to claim 8, characterized in that: one end, far away from the heavy block (23), of the cotton thread (30) is connected with two second connecting rods (32), the two second connecting rods (32) are hinged to the pressing plate (33) and the sliding sleeve (19) respectively, and the two second connecting rods (32) are arranged in a V shape.