CN114206963A - 水性聚氨酯分散体 - Google Patents
水性聚氨酯分散体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114206963A CN114206963A CN202080043281.2A CN202080043281A CN114206963A CN 114206963 A CN114206963 A CN 114206963A CN 202080043281 A CN202080043281 A CN 202080043281A CN 114206963 A CN114206963 A CN 114206963A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous polyurethane
- adhesive
- polyurethane dispersion
- groups
- isocyanate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- -1 aliphatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 24
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 12
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N medroxyprogesterone acetate Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)CC(=O)C=C1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@](OC(C)=O)(C(C)=O)CC[C@H]21 PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 7
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229960002684 aminocaproic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 5
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 4
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QKFJKGMPGYROCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound S=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 QKFJKGMPGYROCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chamazulene Chemical group CCC1=CC=C(C)C2=CC=C(C)C2=C1 GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VODRFGZSOKHZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(3-isocyanatopropyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCCCC1=CC=CC=C1CCCN=C=O VODRFGZSOKHZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IVGRSQBDVIJNDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanesulfonic acid Chemical class NCCNCCS(O)(=O)=O IVGRSQBDVIJNDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019766 L-Lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBNYJWAFDZLWRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound CCN=C=S HBNYJWAFDZLWRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGXUHYCDVKDVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanato(isocyanatomethylsulfanyl)methane Chemical compound O=C=NCSCN=C=O BGXUHYCDVKDVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKLWPNHZCPMADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(2-isocyanatoethylsulfanyl)ethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCSC(C)SCCN=C=O MKLWPNHZCPMADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6648—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6655—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3271
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0828—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing sulfonate groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
- C08G18/0842—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents
- C08G18/0861—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers
- C08G18/0866—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers the dispersing or dispersed phase being an aqueous medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法,包含其的粘合剂,以及粘合剂粘结得到的粘合制品。该水性聚氨酯分散体,包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃‑100℃的熔融焓为3J/g‑100J/g,重均分子量为31000‑95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g‑8.5mgKOH/g。包含本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体的粘合剂具有优异的初始粘结力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法,包含其的粘合剂,以及粘合剂粘结得到的粘合制品。
背景技术
水性聚氨酯分散体可以广泛应用于涂料、粘合剂、密封剂和印刷油墨。
US2015/0037555A1公开了一种自持性粘合膜,包含固体表面钝化异氰酸酯和大于70重量%第一聚氨酯,所述第一聚氨酯具有不大于约90000的重均分子量和至少约25J/g的熔融焓。该第一聚氨酯是由含聚酯多元醇和脂肪族异氰酸酯的混合物反应得到的。
US2013/0236719A1公开了一种热成型方法,优选在真空成型方法中,用多层装饰性膜覆盖基底物质的方法,特征在于所述方法包括如下步骤:(i)提供多层装饰性膜,其包含硬涂层(A)、粘结层(D)、基底膜层和位于这些层(A)和层(D)之间的任选的设计层,其中粘结层(D)包含至少一种潜在反应性粘合剂,(ii)将所述装饰性膜的粘结层(D)施用到基底物质的表面上,(iii)通过在70℃或更高温度下加热来用所述装饰性膜覆盖所述基底物质。其中,粘合剂包含一种水性分散体,该分散体由包含多异氰酸酯和异氰酸酯反应性化合物的混合物反应并分散在水中得到。异氰酸酯反应性化合物是结晶型或者半结晶型的,重均分子量为20000-250000。
US2016/0168434A1公开了一种含水粘合剂组合物,其含有:表面钝化的固体异氰酸酯、第一种聚氨酯分散体和第二种聚氨酯分散体。第一种聚氨酯分散体含有具有对异氰酸酯呈反应性的官能团,可以是由含结晶型的聚合物多元醇和脂肪族多异氰酸酯的混合物反应得到的。第一种聚氨酯具有不小于约 50000且不大于约125000的重均分子量。
US2015/0034314A1公开了一种涂覆物,其涂覆有包含结晶型或半结晶型聚氨酯的涂料,聚氨酯的重均分子量为20000-250000。该聚氨酯是由含二或多异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇和含磺酸盐基团和/或羧酸盐基团的化合物的混合物反应得到的,其中二或多异氰酸酯是脂肪族和/或脂环族二异氰酸酯。
US2012/0225302A1公开了一种水性组合物,其包含 (a)至少一种结晶或半结晶的重均分子量为20000-250000的聚氨酯,(b)在20℃至25℃的温度下是液体的具有脂族键合的异氰酸酯基团的至少一种多异氰酸酯,(c)至少一种或多种周期表第V和VIB族的元素的化合物,其中所述元素具有至少+4的氧化程度,(d)任选其它辅助物质和添加剂。
EP1512705A1公开了一种含侧链羧基的水性聚氨酯分散体,包含其中的聚氨酯是由含聚酯多元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的混合物反应得到的,聚氨酯的重均分子量是1000-100000。
US2013/0220543A1公开了一种用于制造涂覆的制品的方法,包括步骤:(I)提供基底;(II)将第一聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物施加至所述基底上,第一聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物能够达到具有最终的结晶度的至少部分结晶状态,并且其中,在施加期间和/或之后第一聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物以非结晶状态存在。所述方法进一步包括步骤:(III)在步骤(II)的第一聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物上施加组合物,所述组合物包含第二聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物与另外的丙烯酸酯聚合物的混合物,其中,所述施加在第一聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物的结晶度低于其最终的结晶度时实施;和(IV)将所获得的制品冷却至低于所述丙烯酸酯聚合物的玻璃化转变温度的温度。第二聚氨酯和/或聚氨酯-聚脲聚合物的重均分子量是15000-150000。
DE102015213353A1公开了一种水性聚氨酯分散体,包含在其中的聚氨酯是由包含半结晶型的聚酯多元醇、脂肪族二异氰酸酯和磺化二醇的混合物反应得到的。聚氨酯的重均分子量为15000-25000。
上述水性聚氨酯分散体无法应用于对初始粘结力有要求的粘合剂,因此,行业内尤其是鞋胶行业,希望开发一种新的水性聚氨酯分散体,将其应用于粘合剂领域可以实现优异的初始粘结力。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法,包含其的粘合剂,以及粘合剂粘结得到的粘合制品。
根据本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体,包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,重均分子量为31000-95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g-8.5mgKOH/g。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了用于制备根据本发明所提供的水性聚氨酯分散体的方法,包含以下步骤:
i. 使多异氰酸酯混合物和含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物中的一些或全部反应获得一预聚物,反应在可选的溶剂存在下进行或者反应后加入可选的溶剂溶解预聚物;
ii. 使所述预聚物、乳化剂、可选的反应性稀释剂、可选的稳定剂、在所述步骤i没有添加的多异氰酸酯混合物和在所述步骤i没有添加的含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物反应获得所述聚氨酯;和
iii. 在步骤ii之前、期间或者之后引入水和可选的乳化剂获得所述水性聚氨酯分散体;
所述水性聚氨酯分散体包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,重均分子量为31000-95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g-8.5mgKOH/g。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种包含根据本发明所提供的水性聚氨酯分散体的组合物。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种包含根据本发明所提供的水性聚氨酯分散体的粘合剂。
根据本发明的再一方面,提供了含有用根据本发明所提供的粘合剂粘结的基材的粘合制品。
根据本发明的还一方面,提供了制造粘合制品的方法,包含以下步骤:
A. 将根据本发明所提供的粘合剂施加到一基材的至少一个表面;
B. 加热并干燥施加有粘合剂的基材表面;和
C. 使经步骤B处理的基材表面与所述基材自身或一另外的基底的表面接触,得到所述粘合制品。
根据本发明的还一方面,提供了根据本发明所提供的水性聚氨酯分散体在粘合制品的生产中的用途。
本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体具有一定的酸值,包含在其中的聚氨酯具有一定的熔融焓和重均分子量。包含本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体的粘合剂具有优异的初始粘结力。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种水性聚氨酯分散体,包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,重均分子量为31000-95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g-8.5mgKOH/g。本发明还提供了该水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包含该水性聚氨酯分散体的粘合剂和粘合剂粘结得到的粘合制品。
本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体包括水性聚氨酯脲分散体、水性聚氨酯-聚脲分散体和/或水性聚脲分散体。
本发明的磺酸盐基团是指-SO3 -。
本发明的羧酸盐基团是指-COO-。
本发明的羧基基团是指-COOH。
水性聚氨酯分散体
所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓优选25J/g-100J/g,最优选30 J/g -80 J/g。
所述聚氨酯包含羧基基团,所述聚氨酯的羧基基团含量优选0.1重量%-1.5重量%,以所述聚氨酯的量为100重量%计。
所述阴离子基团优选位于聚氨酯的侧链。
所述阴离子基团优选下列的一种或多种:磺酸盐基团和羧酸盐基团。
所述聚氨酯的数均分子量优选1000g/mol-10000g/mol。
所述水性聚氨酯分散体包含水。
所述水性聚氨酯分散体的固体含量优选20-70重量%,进一步优选30-65重量%,最优选35-60重量%,以所述水性聚氨酯分散体的量为100重量%计。
所述聚氨酯优选由包含下列组分的体系反应得到的:
a. 一含六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯混合物;
b. 一含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物,所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物包含一数均分子量为400g/mol-8000g/mol的聚合物多元醇和一含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物;
c. 一乳化剂;
d. 可选的一溶剂;
e. 可选的一反应性稀释剂;和
f. 可选的一稳定剂;
所述聚合物多元醇的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的量为0.1重量%-1.5重量%,以所述聚氨酯的量为100重量%计,所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的羧基基团的中和度为0-50%。
多异氰酸酯混合物
所述多异氰酸酯混合物的异氰酸酯官能度优选2-4,最优选2。
所述多异氰酸酯混合物的量优选5重量%-70重量%,进一步优选5重量%-40重量%,再一步优选5重量%-35重量%,最优选10重量%-30重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的量优选0.01重量%-100重量%,以所述多异氰酸酯混合物的量为100重量%计。
所述多异氰酸酯混合物可以进一步包含一不同于所述六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯。
所述不同于所述六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯优选下列的一种或多种:脂肪族异氰酸酯、脂环族异氰酸酯、芳香族异氰酸酯,以及它们的具有亚氨基噁二嗪二酮、异氰脲酸酯、脲二酮、氨基甲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、脲、噁二嗪三酮、噁唑烷酮、酰基脲和/或碳二亚胺基团的衍生物。
所述脂肪族异氰酸酯优选下列的一种或多种:2,2-二甲基戊二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基己二异氰酸酯、丁烯二异氰酸酯、1,3-丁二烯-1,4-二异氰酸酯、2,4,4-三甲基1,6-己二异氰酸酯、1,6,11-十一烷三异氰酸酯、1,3,6-六亚甲基三异氰酸酯、1,8-二异氰酸酯基-4-异氰酸甲酯基辛烷、双(异氰酸乙酯基)碳酸酯、双(异氰酸乙酯基)醚、赖氨酸甲酯二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸三异氰酸酯、双(异氰酸甲酯基)硫醚、双(异氰酸乙酯基)硫醚、双(异氰酸丙酯基)硫醚、双(异氰酸己酯基)硫醚、双(异氰酸甲酯基)砜、双(异氰酸甲酯基)二硫醚、双(异氰酸乙酯基)二硫醚、双(异氰酸丙酯基)二硫醚、双(异氰酸酯基甲硫基)甲烷、双(异氰酸酯基乙硫基)甲烷、双(异氰酸酯基甲硫基)乙烷、双(异氰酸酯基乙硫基)乙烷、1,5-二异氰酸酯基-2-异氰酸甲酯基-3-硫杂戊烷、1,2,3-三(异氰酸酯基甲硫基)丙烷、1,2,3-三(异氰酸酯基乙硫基)丙烷、3,5-二硫杂-1,2,6,7-庚烷四异氰酸酯、2,6-二异氰酸甲酯基-3,5-二硫杂-1,7-庚烷二异氰酸酯、2,5-二异氰酸酯甲基噻吩、异氰酸酯基乙硫基-2,6-二硫杂-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯、硫代双(3-异硫氰酸酯基丙烷)、硫代双(2-异硫氰酸酯基乙烷)、二硫代双(2-异硫氰酸酯基乙烷)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
所述脂环族异氰酸酯优选下列的一种或多种:2,5-双(异氰酸甲酯基)-二环[2.2.1]庚烷、2,6-双(异氰酸甲酯基)-二环[2.2.1]庚烷、双(异氰酸甲酯基)环己烷、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、2,5-二异氰酸酯基四氢噻吩、2,5-二异氰酸甲酯基四氢噻吩、3,4-二异氰酸甲酯基四氢噻吩、2,5-二异氰酸酯基-1,4-二噻烷、2,5-二异氰酸甲酯基-1,4-二噻烷、4,5-二异氰酸酯基-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷、4,5-双(异氰酸甲酯基)-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷、4,5-二异氰酸甲酯基-2-甲基-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI)、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)、氢化苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(H6XDI)、1,4-环己基二异氰酸酯(H6PPDI)、1,5-戊二异氰酸酯(PDI)、间-四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(m-TMXDI)和环己烷二异硫氰酸酯。
所述芳香族异氰酸酯优选下列的一种或多种:1,2-二异氰酸酯基苯、1,3-二异氰酸酯基苯、1,4-二异氰酸酯基苯、2,4-二异氰酸酯基甲苯、乙基苯二异氰酸酯、异丙基苯二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二乙基苯二异氰酸酯、二异丙基苯二异氰酸酯、三甲基苯三异氰酸酯、苯三异氰酸酯、联苯二异氰酸酯、甲苯胺二异氰酸酯、4,4’-亚甲基双(异氰酸苯酯)、4,4’-亚甲基双(2-甲基苯基异氰酸酯)、联苄-4,4’-二异氰酸酯、双(异氰酸苯酯基)乙烯、双(异氰酸甲酯基)苯、双(异氰酸乙酯基)苯、双(异氰酸丙酯基)苯、α,α,α’,α’-四甲基苯二甲撑二异氰酸酯、双(异氰酸丁酯基)苯、双(异氰酸甲酯基)萘、双(异氰酸甲酯基苯基)醚、双(异氰酸乙酯基)邻苯二甲酸酯、2,6-二(异氰酸甲酯基)呋喃、2-异氰酸苯酯基-4-异氰酸苯酯基硫醚、双(4-异氰酸苯酯基)硫醚、双(4-异氰酸甲酯基苯基)硫醚、双(4-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、双(2-甲基-5-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、双(3-甲基-5-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、双(3-甲基-6-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、双(4-甲基-5-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、双(4-甲氧基-3-异氰酸苯酯基)二硫醚、1,2-二异硫氰酸酯基苯、1,3-二异硫氰酸酯基苯、1,4-二异硫氰酸酯基苯、2,4-二异硫氰酸酯基甲苯、2,5-二异硫氰酸酯基-间二甲苯、4,4’-亚甲基双(异硫氰酸苯酯)、4,4’-亚甲基双(2-甲基苯基异硫氰酸酯)、4,4’-亚甲基双(3-甲基苯基异硫氰酸酯)、4,4’-二异硫氰酸酯基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二异硫氰酸酯基-3,3’-二甲基二苯甲酮、双(4-异硫氰酸苯酯基)醚、1-异硫氰酸酯基-4-[(2-异硫氰酸酯基)磺酰基]苯、硫代双(4-异硫氰酸酯基苯)、磺酰基(4-异硫氰酸酯基苯)、氢化甲苯二异氰酸酯(H6TDI)、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和二硫代双(4-异硫氰酸酯基苯)。
所述不同于所述六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯也可以具有异氰酸酯基和异硫氰酸酯基,例如1-异氰酸酯基-6-异硫氰酸酯基己烷、1-异氰酸酯基-4-异硫氰酸酯基环己烷、1-异氰酸酯基-4-异硫氰酸酯基苯、4-甲基-3-异氰酸酯基-1-异硫氰酸酯基苯、2-异氰酸酯基-4,6-二异硫氰酸酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、4-异氰酸苯酯基-4-异硫氰酸苯酯基硫醚和2-异氰酸乙酯基-2-异硫氰酸乙酯基二硫醚 。
所述不同于所述六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯还可以是上述异氰酸酯的卤素取代物,例如氯取代物、溴取代物、烷基取代物、烷氧基取代物、硝基取代物或硅烷取代物如异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷或异氰酸丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物
本发明的“异氰酸酯反应性基团”是指含Zerevitinov-活性氢的基团,Zerevitinov-活性氢的定义参考Rompp’s Chemical Dictionary (Rommp ChemieLexikon),10th ed.,Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart,1996。通常,含Zerevitinov-活性氢的基团在本领域中被理解为是指羟基(OH)、氨基(NHx)和硫醇基(SH)。
所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物的量优选5重量%-90重量%,优选10重量%-90重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物的异氰酸酯反应性基团官能度优选1-3,最优选1-2。
所述聚合物多元醇的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓优选25 J/g-100 J/g,最优选30 J/g-80 J/g。
所述聚合物多元醇的羟基官能度为1.8-2.4。
所述聚合物多元醇的数均分子量优选400g/mol-5000g/mol,最优选900g/mol-3500g/mol,数均分子量采用凝胶渗透色谱法以四氢呋喃为流动相,对照聚苯乙烯标样在40℃下测得。
所述聚合物多元醇的量为50重量%-99.9重量%,以所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物的量为100重量%计。
所述聚合物多元醇优选聚酯多元醇。
所述聚酯多元醇优选下列的一种或多种:线性聚酯多元醇、轻度支化的聚酯多元醇和内酯类的均聚物或混合聚合物。
所述线性聚酯多元醇或轻度支化的聚酯多元醇通过包含以下组分制备:脂肪族、脂环族或芳族二-或多羧酸类,例如琥珀酸,甲基琥珀酸,戊二酸,己二酸,庚二酸,辛二酸,壬二酸,癸二酸,壬二羧酸,癸烷二羧酸,对苯二甲酸,间苯二甲酸,邻苯二甲酸,四氢邻苯二甲酸,六氢邻苯二甲酸,环己烷二羧酸,马来酸,富马酸,丙二酸或偏苯三酸;酸酐,例如邻苯二甲酸酐,偏苯三酸酐或琥珀酸酐或它们的混合物;和低分子量多元醇,以及可选地使用更高官能的多元醇,例如三羟甲基丙烷、甘油或季戊四醇、脂环族和/或芳族二-和多-羟基化合物。
所述内酯类的均聚物或混合聚合物优选通过将内酯或内酯混合物如丁内酯、ε-己内酯和/或甲基-ε-己内酯加成到合适的二 -和/或更高官能的起始剂分子上而获得。所述ε-己内酯优选ε-己内酯的聚合物。
所述聚酯多元醇优选1,4-丁二醇聚己二酸酯二醇。
所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的羧基基团的中和度优选0。
所述羧基基团可以使用有机物或无机物进行中和。
所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物优选下列的一种或多种:2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、2,2-二羟甲基丁酸和氨基酸。所述氨基酸优选下列的一种或多种:赖氨酸、6-氨基己酸和脯氨酸。
所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物优选进一步包含一不同于所述聚合物多元醇或不同于所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的化合物,优选下列的一种或多种:含羟基的化合物、含硫醇基的化合物和含氨基的化合物。
所述含羟基的化合物优选下列的一种或多种:聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、聚氨酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、聚酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、聚氨酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇、聚氨酯聚酯多元醇、聚氨酯聚醚多元醇、聚碳酸酯聚醚多元醇、聚氨酯聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚酯聚碳酸酯多元醇和具有32g/mol-400 g/mol分子量的羟基官能化合物。
所述具有32g/mol-400 g/mol分子量的羟基官能化合物优选下列的一种或多种:具有最多20个碳原子的多元醇、酯二醇和单官能的或异氰酸酯反应性的羟基官能的化合物。
所述具有最多20个碳原子的多元醇优选下列的一种或多种:乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇、氢醌二羟乙基醚、双酚A(2,2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷)、氢化双酚A(2,2-双(4-羟基环己基)丙烷)、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油和季戊四醇。
所述酯二醇优选下列的一种或多种:α-羟基丁基-ε-羟基己酸酯、ω-羟基己基-γ-羟基丁酸酯、己二酸-β-羟乙基酯和对苯二甲酸-β-羟乙基酯。
所述单官能的或异氰酸酯反应性的含羟基官能的化合物优选下列的一种或多种:乙醇、正丁醇、乙二醇单丁基醚、二乙二醇单甲基醚、乙二醇单丁基醚、二乙二醇单丁基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚、二丙二醇单甲基醚、三丙二醇单甲基醚、二丙二醇单丙基醚、丙二醇单丁基醚、二丙二醇单丁基醚、三丙二醇单丁基醚、2-乙基己醇、1-辛醇、1-十二烷醇、1-十六烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇和三羟甲基丙烷,最优选下列的一种或多种:1,6-己二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇和三羟甲基丙烷。
所述含硫醇基的化合物优选下列的一种或多种:包含至少一个硫醇基团的化合物、包含硫醚基团的多硫醇、聚酯硫醇和芳族硫代化合物。
所述含氨基的化合物优选单-、二-、三官能胺和/或单-、二-、三官能羟胺,进一步优选下列的一种或多种:脂肪族和/或脂环族伯和/或仲单胺、二胺和三胺,最优选下列的一种或多种:1,2-乙二胺、1-氨基-3,3,5-三甲基-5-氨基甲基环己烷(异佛尔酮二胺)、二亚乙基三胺、二乙醇胺、乙醇胺和N-(2-羟乙基)-乙二胺。
所述体系的异氰酸酯基团与异氰酸酯反应性基团的摩尔比优选1.0-3.0。
乳化剂
本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体的阴离子基团主要来源于乳化剂。
本发明的乳化剂是包含乳化基团或潜在乳化基团的化合物。
所述乳化剂的量优选0.1重量%-3重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述乳化剂优选包含至少一个异氰酸酯反应性基团和至少一个乳化或潜在乳化基团。
所述异氰酸酯反应性基团优选下列的一种或多种:羟基、巯基和氨基。
所述乳化基团或潜在乳化基团优选下列的一种或多种:磺酸基和羧酸基。
所述磺酸基或羧酸基可以直接以它们的盐形式使用,如磺酸盐或羧酸盐。
所述磺酸基或羧酸基也可以在聚氨酯聚合物制备过程之中或之后部分或完全添加中和剂成盐获得。
所述用于成盐的中和剂优选下列的一种或多种:三乙胺、二甲基环己胺、乙基二异丙基胺、氨、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钙、甲基二乙醇胺和氨基甲基丙醇,最优选下列的一种或多种:三乙胺、二甲基乙醇胺、二甲基环己胺和乙基二异丙基胺。
所述乳化剂最优选下列的一种或多种:磺酸化合物和羧酸化合物。
所述磺酸化合物优选下列的一种或多种:包含磺酸基的二氨基化合物和包含磺酸基的二羟基化合物,进一步优选下列的一种或多种:N-(2-氨乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸的、N-(3-氨丙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸的、N-(3-氨丙基)-3-氨基丙磺酸基的、N-(2-氨乙基)-3-氨基丙磺酸的钠、钾、锂、叔胺盐,最优选N-(2-氨乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸盐。
所述羧酸化合物优选下列的一种或多种:包含羧酸基的二氨基化合物和包含羧酸基的二羟基化合物,进一步优选下列的一种或多种:二羟甲基丙酸的或二羟甲基丁酸的钠、钾、锂、叔胺盐,最优选二羟甲基丙酸。
溶剂
所述溶剂是可与水混溶但对异氰酸酯基呈惰性的。
所述溶剂的量优选0.001重量%-20重量%,最优选0.001重量%-3重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述溶剂优选下列的一种或多种:丙酮、2-丁酮、四氢呋喃、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N-乙基吡咯烷酮、乙腈、二丙二醇二甲醚和含有醚或酯单元的溶剂,最优选下列的一种或多种:丙酮和2-丁酮。
所述溶剂可以只在聚氨酯制备开始时添加,也可以根据需要在制备过程中再加入一部分。
反应稀释剂
所述反应稀释剂的量优选0.001重量%-90重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述反应稀释剂优选下列的一种或多种:丙烯酸和丙烯酸酯。
所述丙烯酸酯优选甲基丙烯酸酯。
稳定剂
所述稳定剂有利于减少水性聚氨酯分散体的水解,延长水性聚氨酯分散体的适用期。
本发明的适用期是指体系最初反应得到水性聚氨酯分散体到所得水性聚氨酯分散体性能下降已不能满足使用要求的时间段。
所述稳定剂优选下列的一种或多种:碳二亚胺类化合物、环氧基团类化合物、噁唑啉类化合物和氮丙啶类化合物。
所述稳定剂的含量优选0.5重量%-10重量%,最优选0.5重量%-2重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
体系
所述体系可以进一步包含一外乳化剂。
所述外乳化剂的量优选0.001重量%-10重量%,以所述体系的量为100重量%计。
所述外乳化剂优选脂肪醇聚醚,最优选下列的一种或多种:脂肪族乙二醇聚醚和脂肪族丙二醇聚醚。
所述体系可以进一步包含一有机抗氧化剂。
所述有机抗氧化剂的量优选0.06重量%-2.0重量%,以所述聚氨酯的量为100重量%计。
所述有机抗氧化剂优选下列的一种或多种:金属的氨基甲酸类化合物、酚型抗氧剂、胺型抗氧剂和杂环类抗氧剂,最优选酚型抗氧剂。
所述金属优选下列的一种或多种:铜、锌、钼和锑。
所述酚型抗氧剂优选下列的一种或多种:烷基的受阻酚、多环受阻酚和烷基硫代受阻酚。
所述胺型抗氧剂优选下列的一种或多种:苯二胺类抗氧剂、二苯胺类抗氧剂、苯基-α-萘胺类抗氧剂和吩噻嗪类抗氧剂。
所述杂环类抗氧剂优选下列的一种或多种:含硫化合物和含氮杂环化合物。
水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法
所述水性聚氨酯分散体可以在均相体系中经由一步或多步制备,或在多步反应的情况下,部分在分散相中进行。当步骤ii的反应完成或部分完成时,进行分散、乳化或溶解步骤。然后任选地在分散相中进一步加聚或改性。
所述溶剂可在常压或提高的压力下进行反应。
现有技术已知的所有工艺都可用于制备本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体,例如乳化剂/ 剪切力法、丙酮法、预聚物混合法、熔融乳化法、酮亚胺法以及固体自发分散法或其衍生的方法等,优选是熔融乳化法或丙酮法,最优选是丙酮法。这些方法总结在Methoden derorganischen Chemie (Houben-Weyl,Erweitenmgs-und zur4.Auflage,Volume E20,HBartl and J.Falbe,Stuttgart,New York,Thieme1987,p.1671-1682)中。
所述丙酮法通常首先引入所有或部分的多异氰酸酯混合物和含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物反应制备预聚物,并且任选地用可与水混溶但对异氰酸酯基呈惰性的溶剂存在下进行,优选不使用溶剂,而是加热到较高的温度,优选为50℃-120℃。
为了加快步骤i的反应速度,可以使用预聚物制备中常用的催化剂,例如三乙胺、1,4-二氮杂双环-[2,2,2]-辛烷、二辛酸锡或二月桂酸二丁基锡,优选是二月桂酸二丁基锡。
所述催化剂可与步骤i的各组分同时置于反应器中,也可以之后加入。
所述步骤i的组分的转化程度可以通过测试组分中NCO 的含量得到。为此,可同时对抽取的样品进行光谱测量,例如红外或近-红外光谱,以及折射率测定或化学分析,例如滴定。
所述预聚物可以是固体状态或液体状态。
所述预聚物中存在的任何潜在的离子基团通过与中和剂部分或完全反应转化成离子形式。
如果分散用的水中已经含有中和剂,那么中和也可以和分散同时进行。
所述步骤ii的用于链增长的化合物的异氰酸酯反应性基团与预聚物的游离异氰酸酯基团(NCO)基团的当量比可以是40mol%-100mol%,优选50mol%-100mol%。
所述步骤ii的各组分可任选地以水稀释或溶剂稀释的形式单独或混合使用,添加顺序可以是任意顺序。
所述步骤iii可以使用强剪切例如强力搅拌。
存在于水性聚氨酯脲分散体中的溶剂可以通过蒸馏除去。所述溶剂可以在步骤ii或步骤iii过程中移除。
所述水性聚氨酯分散体中残留的有机溶剂的量优选是低于1.0重量%,基于水性聚氨酯分散体的量为100重量%计。
组合物
包含所述水性聚氨酯分散体的组合物优选涂料、粘结剂、密封剂或印刷油墨。
所述分散体可以单独使用或与涂料、粘合剂、密封剂或印刷油墨技术中已知的添加剂一起使用。
所述添加剂可以是下列的一种或多种:助粘合剂、润滑剂、填料、抗沉降剂、消泡剂、湿润剂、流动调节剂、抗静电剂、成膜助剂、增塑剂、中和剂、催化剂、增稠剂、颜料、染料、增粘剂和消光剂。
所述添加剂选择和使用计量原则上是本领域普通技术人员已知的并且容易测定的。
本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体还可以与其它含水或含溶剂的低聚物或聚合物混合在一起并一起使用,例如含水或含溶剂的聚酯、聚氨酯、聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚醚、聚酯-聚丙烯酸酯、醇酸树脂、加成聚合物、聚酰胺/酰亚胺或聚环氧化物。必须在每种情况下利用简单的初步试验测试此类混合物的相容性。
本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体还可以与其他含官能团例如羧基、羟基和/或封闭异氰酸酯基的化合物混合在一起并一起使用。
本发明的涂料、粘结剂、密封剂或印刷油墨是根据本领域技术人员已知的方法加工获得的。
粘合剂
所述粘合剂的热活化温度优选35℃-70℃。
所述粘合剂优选进一步包含一含羧基反应性基团的交联剂。
所述交联剂优选含聚碳化二亚胺基团的化合物。
所述交联剂的含量优选0.1重量%-10重量%,以所述粘合剂的量为100重量%计。
粘合制品
所述基材优选下列的一种或多种:橡胶、塑料、纸张、卡纸、木材、纺织品、金属、合金、织物、纤维、人造革、皮革、无机材料、人或动物毛发和人或动物皮肤,最优选下列的一种或多种:橡胶和塑料。
所述粘合制品优选鞋底或鞋统。
所述粘合制品优选膜或木材。
制造粘合制品的方法
所述方法的步骤B和步骤C之间优选进一步包含一步骤D:用光化辐射照射经步骤B处理的基材表面。
所述制造粘合制品的方法,优选包含以下步骤:
A. 将根据本发明提供的粘合剂施加到一基材的至少一个表面;
B. 加热并干燥施加有粘合剂的基材表面;
D. 用光化辐射照射经步骤B处理的基材表面;和
C. 使经步骤D处理的基材表面与所述基材自身或一另外的基底的表面接触,得到所述粘合制品。
所述基材优选下列的一种或多种:橡胶、塑料、纸张、卡纸、木材、纺织品、金属、合金、织物、纤维、人造革、皮革、无机材料、人或动物毛发和人或动物皮肤,最优选下列的一种或多种:橡胶和塑料。
所述施加可以是将所述粘合剂施加到所述基材的整个表面上或仅施加到所述基材的表面的一个或多个部分上。
所述施加可以是刷涂、浸渍、喷雾、辊涂、刮刀涂布、流涂、浇注、印刷或转印,优选刷涂、浸渍或喷雾。
所述加热并干燥施加有粘合剂的基材表面,可以是指仅加热并干燥基材表面,也可以指加热并干燥包括施加有粘合剂的基材表面在内的部分基材或全部基材。
所述加热并干燥可以除去易挥发组分。所述易挥发组分可以是水。
所述加热并干燥优选下列的一种或多种:红外热辐射、近红外热辐射、微波和在温度升高的条件下用对流炉或喷雾干燥器。
所述加热的温度越高越好,但不应当高于基材以不可控方式变形或遭遇其它破坏的温度界限。
所述光化辐射照射优选在所述经步骤B处理的基材表面温度不低于35℃时进行,最优选在经步骤B处理后立即进行。
所述光化辐射照射经步骤B处理的基材表面,可以是指仅照射基材表面,也可以指照射包括基材表面在内的部分基材或全部基材。
所述光化辐射使粘合剂结晶并固化。
所述光化辐射优选UV辐射、日光辐射、在排除氧的情况下用惰性气体或贫氧气体进行辐射或用对辐射透明的介质覆盖需照射的部位进行辐射,最优选UV辐射或日光辐射。
所述惰性气体优选氮气或二氧化碳。所述对辐射透明的介质优选合成膜、玻璃或液体例如水。
所述UV辐射或日光辐射可以用中压或高压汞蒸气灯,并可选地掺杂其它元素,如镓或铁来改性汞蒸气,也可以用激光、脉冲灯、卤素灯或准分子辐射器。
所述光化辐射最优选UV辐射。所述UV辐射最优选使用固定安装的汞辐射。
当基材具有复杂形状的三维表面时,优选使用多个辐射装置进行辐射,合理布置辐射装置以使得表面均匀接受辐射。
所述光化辐射的波长优选200nm-750nm。
所述光化辐射的剂量优选不小于80 mJ/cm2,进一步优选是80 mJ/cm2-5000 mJ/cm2,再优选是200 mJ/cm2-2000 mJ/cm2,最优选是1250 mJ/cm2-1950 mJ/cm2。
在上述范围内,光化辐射的辐射剂量越高越好,但不应当高于基底以不可控方式变形或遭遇其它破坏的辐射剂量界限。
所述接触优选是在基材表面的温度降低到粘合剂可粘合温度以下前进行,进一步优选是在基材表面温度不低于60℃前进行的。
所述经步骤D处理的基材表面优选在一小时内,进一步优选30分钟内,再优选在10分钟内,最优选在5分钟内与所述基材自身或一另外的基底接触得到所述粘合制品。
所述另外的基底可以是需要粘合的任何基底。
所述另外的基底与所述基材可以相同,也可以不相同。
所述另外的基底优选和所述基材一样经过涂布、加热和光化辐射处理。
所述另外的基底与所述基材表面接触之前优选没有是用底漆、高能辐射或臭氧处理过。
所述高能辐射可以是电离辐射,特别是等离子体。
使所述经步骤B处理后的或经步骤D处理后的基材表面与所述基材自身或所述另外的基底接触后,还可以进一步进行热处理。
使所述经步骤B处理后的或经步骤D处理后的基材表面与所述基材自身或所述另外的基底接触后,还可以进一步进行冷却处理,使所述粘接产品的温度降至室温。
所述引入热的方法优选下列的一种或多种:在温度升高的条件下用对流炉或喷雾干燥器、红外热辐射、近红外热辐射、微波和与涂有本发明的粘着剂的基材接触的物体来传递热。
在所述步骤B处理后的或经步骤D处理后的基材表面与所述基材自身或另外的基底接触之前,优选不需要引入热至基材表面。
实施例
除非另外限定,本文所使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所属领域技术人员通常理解的相同意义。当本说明书中术语的定义与本发明所属领域技术人员通常理解的意义有矛盾时,以本文中所述的定义为准。
除非另有说明,否则在说明书和权利要求书中使用的表达成分的量、反应条件等的所有数值被理解为在被术语“约”修饰。因此,除非有相反指示,否则在这里阐述的数值参数是能够根据需要获得的所需性能来变化的近似值。
本文中所用的“和/或”是指所提及的要素之一或全部。
本文中所用“包括”和“包含”涵盖只有所提及要素的情形以及除了所提及要素还存在其它未提及要素的情形。
本发明中所有百分比均为重量百分比,另有说明的除外。
本发明的分析测量都在23±2℃下进行,另有说明的除外。
水性聚氨酯分散体的固体含量使用Mettler Toledo公司的HS153水分测定仪根据DIN-EN ISO 3251进行。
异氰酸酯基团(NCO)含量根据DIN-EN ISO 11909按体积测定,测定的数据包括游离的和潜在游离的NCO含量。
水性聚氨酯分散体的粘度使用Brookfield公司的DV-II+Pro.旋转粘度计,根据DIN 53019在23℃下测量。
水性聚氨酯分散体的pH值使用德国Sartorius公司的PB-10pH计在23℃下测量。
酸值采用酸碱滴定法测定。
中和度根据羧基和中和剂的摩尔数计算得到。
聚氨酯的数均分子量和重均分子量采用凝胶渗透色谱法,将水性聚氨酯分散体涂覆在聚四氟乙烯板上,室温下自然晾干得到干膜。称取适量干膜溶解于四氢呋喃,浓度为8mg/mL,使用安捷伦1260测试,柱温35℃,进样量60µL,流速0.7mL/min。测试结果以聚苯乙烯标样为参照,选取分子量100以上部分进行计算。
原料和试剂
聚酯I:1,4-丁二醇聚己二酸酯二醇,OH值50,熔融温度为49℃,熔融焓为91.0 J/g,数均分子量为2323g/mol,可购自德国科思创股份有限公司。
聚酯II:由1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇和己二酸构成的聚酯二醇,OH值66,数均分子量为1691g/mol,可购自购自德国科思创股份有限公司。
Desmodur®H:1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,购自科思创股份有限公司。
Desmodur® I:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,购自科思创股份有限公司。
DMPA:2,2-二羟甲基丙酸,购自Aldrich化学试剂公司。
L-赖氨酸:50% L-赖氨酸水溶液,可购自厦门飞鹤化工。
AAS:二氨基磺酸钠NH2-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-SO3Na,在水中45%的浓度,购自科思创股份有限公司。
橡胶处理剂:B粉(三氯异氰脲酸)溶于乙酸乙酯,浓度为2重量%。
水性聚氨酯分散体1
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加2.25g 1,4-丁二醇并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、3.2g二乙醇胺、1.8g 6-氨基己酸在56 g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体1。
水性聚氨酯分散体2
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加1.58g 1,4-丁二醇和1.01g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25gDesmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、1.7g二乙醇胺、1.2g羟乙基乙二胺在56 g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体2。
水性聚氨酯分散体3
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加2.25g 1,4-丁二醇并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、2.2g 6-氨基己酸和1.2g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体3。
水性聚氨酯分散体4
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加3.4g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、1.4g二乙醇胺和1.2g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体4。
水性聚氨酯分散体5
将360g聚酯I和34g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加1.8g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加30.27g Desmodur® H和20g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.4%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在670g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将4.5g AAS、1.9g二乙醇胺和0.6g 羟乙基乙二胺在40 g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加410g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体5。
水性聚氨酯分散体6
将315g聚酯I在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加6.7g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加30.77g Desmodur® H和20.33g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.9%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在260g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将8.3g6-氨基己酸、2.0g羟乙基乙二胺在40g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加5.1g三乙胺并继续搅拌10分钟之后,添加350g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体6。
水性聚氨酯分散体7
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加3.4g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、2.2g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体7。
水性聚氨酯分散体8
将394g聚酯I在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加13.4g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加41.5g Desmodur® H和27.6g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.7%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在720g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将1.8g L-赖氨酸、8.3g 6-氨基己酸、2.3g羟乙基乙二胺在50g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加10.1g三乙胺并继续搅拌10分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体8。
水性聚氨酯分散体9
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加2.25g 1,4-丁二醇并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6g AAS、0.8h二乙醇胺和1.7g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体9。
水性聚氨酯分散体10
将382.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加3.4g DMPA并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加37.84g Desmodur® H和25g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.6%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在670g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将4.7gAAS、0.6g二乙醇胺和2.1g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加400g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,获得水性聚氨酯分散体10。
水性聚氨酯分散体11
将450g聚酯I和42.5g聚酯II在110℃,100 mbar下脱水1小时,再添加2.25g 1,4-丁二醇并在搅拌的同时冷却。在60℃下添加75g Desmodur® I,在80-90℃下搅拌直到达到1.3%的异氰酸酯基团含量。然后溶解在840g丙酮中并冷却到50℃得到反应溶液。将5.6gAAS、2.7g 6-氨基己酸和0.9g羟乙基乙二胺在56g水中的溶液添加到该反应混合物溶液中并剧烈搅拌30分钟之后,添加510g水将该混合物分散,随后蒸馏分离出丙酮,在蒸馏过程中乳液破乳。
初始粘结力测试
将黑橡胶(10cm*2cm)进行机械打磨后上橡胶处理剂,待橡胶处理剂干燥后使用毛刷将本发明实施例和对比实施例的水性聚氨酯分散体施涂到预处理过的黑橡胶上,从黑橡胶一端开始涂覆,涂覆面积3.5cm*2cm,在60℃的烘箱中干燥、活化3分钟,将施涂有本发明实施例和对比实施例的水性聚氨酯分散体的黑橡胶的一面对贴,并在4.5kg压力下使用Master Tech公司的YC-500水压机压合5秒,撤去压力在室温(温度23±2℃,湿度50±5%)下放置5分钟,用尺测量开胶长度。使用上述方法对每一种分散体分别进行二次测试,数据列于表1。开胶长度越大,说明水性聚氨酯分散体的初始粘结力越差。
表1是本发明的实施例和对比实施例的水性聚氨酯分散体的各项参数和性能测试结果。
从表1可以看出:由实施例1-4的水性聚氨酯分散体粘接得到的黑橡胶的开胶长度明显比对比实施例1-6的短,说明本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体的初始粘结力明显优于对比实施例的。对比实施例1-6中,当水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值小于0.5或大于8.5,重均分子量小于31000或大于95000或聚氨酯为非结晶型即熔融焓为0时,由其粘接得到的黑橡胶开胶长度长或甚至脱胶,说明对比实施例的水性聚氨酯分散体的初始粘结力差。从对比实施例7可知,当制备水性聚氨酯分散体的体系的多异氰酸酯混合物中不包含六亚甲基二异氰酸酯时,水性聚氨酯分散体制备过程中破乳无法形成分散体。
所属领域的技术人员易知,本发明不仅限于前述的具体细节,且在不脱离本发明的精神或主要特性的前提下,本发明可实施为其他特定形式。因此从任何角度来说都应将所述实施例视作例示性而非限制性的,从而由权利要求书而非前述说明来指出本发明的范围;且因此任何改变,只要其属于权利要求等效物的含义和范围中,都应视作属于本发明。
Claims (21)
1.一种水性聚氨酯分散体,包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,重均分子量为31000-95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g-8.5mgKOH/g。
2.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述阴离子基团位于聚氨酯的侧链,阴离子基团是下列的一种或多种:磺酸盐基团和羧酸盐基团。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为25J/g-100J/g。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯的羧基基团含量为0.1重量%-1.5重量%,以所述聚氨酯的量为100重量%计。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯是由包含下列组分的体系反应得到的:
a. 一含六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯混合物;
b. 一含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物,所述含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物包含一数均分子量为400g/mol-8000g/mol的聚合物多元醇和一含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物;
c. 一乳化剂;
d. 可选的一溶剂;
e. 可选的一反应性稀释剂;和
f. 可选的一稳定剂;
所述聚合物多元醇的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的量为0.1重量%-1.5重量%,以所述聚氨酯的量为100重量%计,所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的羧基基团的中和度为0-50%。
6.如权利要求5所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述聚合物多元醇的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为25 J/g -100 J/g。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述含羧基基团的异氰酸酯反应性化合物的羧基基团的中和度为0。
8.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述体系中的异氰酸酯基团与异氰酸酯反应性基团的摩尔比为优选1.0-3.0。
9.用于制备根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体的方法,包含以下步骤:
i. 使多异氰酸酯混合物和含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物中的一些或全部反应获得一预聚物,反应在可选的溶剂存在下进行或者反应后加入可选的溶剂溶解预聚物;
ii. 使所述预聚物、乳化剂、可选的反应性稀释剂、可选的稳定剂、在所述步骤i没有添加的多异氰酸酯混合物和在所述步骤i没有添加的含异氰酸酯反应性基团的混合物反应获得所述聚氨酯;和
iii. 在步骤ii之前、期间或者之后引入水和可选的乳化剂获得所述水性聚氨酯分散体;
所述水性聚氨酯分散体包含分散在其中的具有阴离子基团的聚氨酯,所述聚氨酯的根据DIN65467通过DSC测量第一次升温曲线在20℃-100℃的熔融焓为3J/g-100J/g,重均分子量为31000-95000,所述水性聚氨酯分散体的酸值为0.5mgKOH/g-8.5mgKOH/g。
10.一种包含根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体的组合物。
11.根据权利要求10所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物为涂料、粘合剂、密封剂或印刷油墨。
12.一种包含根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体的粘合剂。
13.如权利要求12所述的粘合剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂的热活化温度为35℃-70℃。
14.如权利要求12或13所述的粘合剂,其特征在于,进一步包含一含羧基反应性基团的交联剂。
15.含有用根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的粘合剂粘结的基材的粘合制品。
16.如权利要求15所述的粘合制品,其特征在于,所述基材是下列的一种或多种:橡胶、塑料、纸张、卡纸、木材、纺织品、金属、合金、织物、纤维、人造革、皮革、无机材料、人或动物毛发和人或动物皮肤,最优选是下列的一种或多种:橡胶和塑料。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的粘合制品,其特征在于,所述粘合制品是鞋底或鞋统。
18.如权利要求15-17任一项所述的粘合制品,其特征在于,所述粘合制品是膜或木材。
19.制造粘合制品的方法,包含以下步骤:
A. 将根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的粘合剂施加到一基材的至少一个表面;
B. 加热并干燥施加有粘合剂的基材表面;和
C. 使经步骤B处理的基材表面与所述基材自身或一另外的基底的表面接触,得到所述粘合制品。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤B和步骤C之间进一步包含一步骤D:用光化辐射照射经步骤B处理的基材表面。
21.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的水性聚氨酯分散体在粘合制品的生产中的用途。
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CN2019105144789 | 2019-06-13 | ||
CN201910514478.9A CN112079989A (zh) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | 水性聚氨酯分散体 |
EP19197828.7 | 2019-09-17 | ||
EP19197828.7A EP3795601A1 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Aqueous polyurethane dispersion |
PCT/EP2020/066006 WO2020249578A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2020-06-10 | Aqueous polyurethane dispersion |
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CN116135933B (zh) * | 2023-04-03 | 2024-02-09 | 苏州市贝特利高分子材料股份有限公司 | 一种水性丝网印刷油墨及其制备方法 |
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TR201911027T4 (tr) | 2010-09-17 | 2019-08-21 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Yapışkan kaplamalı nesnelerin üretim yöntemi, bunlarla ilgili elde edilebilir nesneler ve kullanımları. |
JP5697955B2 (ja) | 2010-11-19 | 2015-04-08 | 住化バイエルウレタン株式会社 | 多層加飾フィルム |
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DE102015213353A1 (de) | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-19 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Vermeidung von Textilknittern |
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TW202112870A (zh) | 2021-04-01 |
US20220306797A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
KR20220020812A (ko) | 2022-02-21 |
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