CN114204081A - Hydrogen circulation flow detection device of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Hydrogen circulation flow detection device of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system, which comprises: the gas flowmeter is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline; the reactor inlet pressure sensor, the reactor inlet temperature sensor and the reactor inlet humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline; the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline; the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the galvanic pile; the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter, the pile feeding pressure sensor, the pile feeding temperature sensor and the pile feeding humidity sensor, and the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor; the flow of the circulating wet hydrogen can be measured and calculated by measuring the flow of the dry gas and utilizing the flow relation in the system and adopting the traditional pressure, temperature and humidity sensors. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of accurate measurement, small interference on the original hydrogen circulation flow resistance characteristic and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen circulation flow detection, in particular to a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell needs to be operated by introducing air and hydrogen into the cathode and the anode, respectively, and in order to increase the electrochemical reaction rate and simultaneously discharge liquid water out of the stack, an excessive amount of air and hydrogen needs to be supplied. The hydrogen which does not participate in the reaction of the fuel cell stack is sent into the stack again, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen can be improved. Controlling the hydrogen circulation volume to meet the hydrogen metering ratio and water management requirements under different conditions is one of the key points of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell system. However, since the relative humidity of the circulating hydrogen passing through the inside of the stack is high, which brings difficulty to flow measurement, a general gas flow meter is a gas design for testing the composition of some dry gas media, and for gas media with varying humidity, there is a significant error. Meanwhile, as the flow resistance of the gas flowmeter is often large, the flowmeter is connected into the hydrogen circulation system in series, the hydrogen circulation flow resistance characteristic of the original system is changed, and the real flow data of the original system cannot be obtained. In the prior art, an ultrasonic gas flowmeter can achieve non-interference measurement, but the environmental conditions and installation conditions required by the ultrasonic gas flowmeter cannot be met in a fuel cell system with complex vibration and high integration of a sound source. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen circulation flow measurement scheme for fuel cell systems that can measure humidity changes without interference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system, which solves the problem of interference-free measurement of the hydrogen circulation wet hydrogen flow of the fuel cell system and ensures that the control of the circulation wet hydrogen flow can be quantified.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device for a fuel cell system, comprising:
the gas flowmeter is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline;
the reactor inlet pressure sensor, the reactor inlet temperature sensor and the reactor inlet humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline;
the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the galvanic pile;
the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter, the pile feeding pressure sensor, the pile feeding temperature sensor and the pile feeding humidity sensor, and the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor;
the input end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the first input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the input end of the hydrogen pile feeding pipeline is connected to the output end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the output end of the hydrogen pile feeding pipeline is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile, the input end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile, and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the second input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit;
the controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity acquired by the circulating humidity sensor and the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor;
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity acquired by the receiving circulating humidity sensor, the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by a reactor temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by a reactor entering humidity sensor and the pressure collected by a reactor entering pressure sensor;
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor, the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter1；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
ReceivingThe load current collected by the current sensor is calculated based on the load current to obtain the molar flow n of hydrogen consumptions；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
The device also comprises a hydrogen purity sensor which is arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.
The controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity acquired by the circulating humidity sensor and the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor;
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity acquired by the receiving circulating humidity sensor, the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by a reactor temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by a reactor entering humidity sensor and the pressure collected by a reactor entering pressure sensor;
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor, the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter1；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
Receiving the load current collected by the current sensor and based onThe molar flow n of hydrogen consumption is calculated by the load currents；
Receiving hydrogen mole fraction x collected by a hydrogen purity sensorh2；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd hydrogen mole fraction xh2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
The hydrogen circulation driving unit is an ejector.
The hydrogen circulation driving unit is a circulation pump.
And a gas-water separator is arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.
The hydrogen source comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve.
And the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve.
And a medium-pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the problem of the non-interference measurement of the hydrogen circulation wet hydrogen flow of the fuel cell system is solved, and the control of the circulation wet hydrogen flow can be quantified.
2. The cost is low: the flow of the circulating wet hydrogen can be measured and calculated by measuring the flow of the dry gas and using the traditional pressure, temperature and humidity sensors by utilizing the flow relation in the system without developing a special flowmeter.
3. The application range is wide: the sensor arranged for realizing the measuring and calculating method has low requirements on installation space and environment, and is easy to realize in a fuel cell system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the system comprises a hydrogen source, 2, a pressure reducing valve, 3, a gas flowmeter, 4, a medium-pressure sensor, 5, a pressure regulating valve, 6, an ejector, 7, a pile feeding pressure sensor, 8, a pile feeding temperature sensor, 9, a pile feeding humidity sensor, 10, a fuel cell pile, 11, a gas-water separator, 12, a circulating pressure sensor, 13, a circulating temperature sensor, 14, a circulating humidity sensor, 61 and a circulating pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
a hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device for a fuel cell system, as shown in fig. 1, includes:
the gas flowmeter 3 is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline;
the reactor inlet pressure sensor 7, the reactor inlet temperature sensor 8 and the reactor inlet humidity sensor 9 are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline;
a circulation pressure sensor 12, a circulation temperature sensor 13 and a circulation humidity sensor 14 which are arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the galvanic pile;
the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter 3, the pile feeding pressure sensor 7, the pile feeding temperature sensor 8 and the pile feeding humidity sensor 9, the circulating pressure sensor 12, the circulating temperature sensor 13 and the circulating humidity sensor 14;
the input end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the hydrogen source 1, the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the first input end of the ejector, the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipeline is connected to the output end of the ejector, the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipeline is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile, the input end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the galvanic pile, and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the second input end of the ejector.
The design of the hardware part is realized by only installing a gas flowmeter on the hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the resistance to the hydrogen circulation flow of the fuel cell system is almost not interfered, and the hydrogen circulation flow value and the gas humidity in the system can be truly reflected. And the required sensor has low cost and low requirement on installation space, and is easy to realize the transformation of the existing fuel cell system and strong in practicability.
As shown in figure 1, a gas-water separator 11 is arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline, the hydrogen source 1 comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve 2, and a pressure regulating valve 5 and a medium pressure sensor 4 are arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.
Wherein the gas flowmeter 3 is used for collecting the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen1The reactor inlet pressure sensor 7, the reactor inlet temperature sensor 8 and the reactor inlet humidity sensor 9 respectively collect the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen inlet pipeline, and the circulation pressure sensor 12, the circulation temperature sensor 13 and the circulation humidity sensor 14 are respectively used for collecting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the circulation wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation pipeline.
According to the water balance before and after the circulation hydrogen and the dry hydrogen are mixed, the following equation is adopted:
n2*xw2＝(n1+n2)*xw3
wherein n is2For circulating wet hydrogen molar flow, i.e. at the line R2 in FIG. 1, xw2For recycling the water vapor mole fraction, n, of the wet hydrogen1For supplying the dry hydrogen gas at a molar flow rate, i.e. at the line of the pressure regulating valve 5 in FIG. 1, xw3Is the water vapor mole fraction in the combined wet hydrogen, i.e., at line P3 in fig. 1. The molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2Comprises the following steps:
n2＝n1*xw3/(xw2–xw3)
calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption according to the load current of the fuel cell stacksIf the nitrogen component is ignored, the hydrogen metering ratio lambda of the fuel cell system can be calculatedH2Comprises the following steps:
λH2＝(n1+n2*(1–xw2))/ns
in the above formula xw2And xw3The method of determining (c) is as follows:
according to the temperature measured by the circulating temperature sensor 13, the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature is calculated or obtained by looking up a table through a formula, and then:
xw2＝R2*P20/P2
where R2 is the relative humidity value measured by the circulating humidity sensor 14 and P2 is the pressure value measured by the circulating pressure sensor 12.
According to the temperature measured by the circulating temperature sensor 8, the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature is obtained by calculating or looking up a table through a formula, and then:
xw3＝R3*P30/P3
wherein, R3 is the relative humidity value measured by the stack entering humidity sensor 9, and P3 is the pressure value measured by the stack entering pressure sensor 7.
At this point, the fuel cell system circulates wet hydrogen molar flow n2Hydrogen gas metering ratio lambdaH2And the relative humidity R2 of hydrogen were measured.
According to the above principles, in the form of a computer program, the controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor 13, and obtaining the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14 and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12;
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14, the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12 and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by the reactor temperature sensor 8, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor 9 and the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor 7;
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor 9, the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor 7 and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter 31；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
Receiving the load current collected by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of the hydrogen consumption based on the load currents；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
The method and the device realize accurate measurement of the wet hydrogen circulation flow of the fuel cell system and fill the blank of the method for measuring the wet hydrogen circulation flow of the fuel cell system.
Example 2
This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the apparatus further includes a hydrogen purity sensor provided on the hydrogen circulation line for taking into account the influence of the nitrogen component, the hydrogen purity sensor being capable of obtaining the mole fraction x of hydrogen in the wet hydrogen circulating in the hydrogen circulation lineh2The hydrogen gas stoichiometric ratio lambda of the fuel cell systemH2Comprises the following steps:
λH2＝(n1+n2*xh2)/ns
correspondingly, the relevant program needs to be modified, and the controller is configured to perform the following steps:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor 13, and obtaining the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14 and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12;
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14, the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12 and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by the reactor temperature sensor 8, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor 9 and the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor 7;
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor 9, the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor 7 and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter 31；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
Receiving the load current collected by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of the hydrogen consumption based on the load currents；
Receiving hydrogen mole fraction x collected by a hydrogen purity sensorh2；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd hydrogen mole fraction xh2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the hydrogen circulation driving unit is replaced by the ejector 6 and the circulation pump 61, and in this embodiment, all the calculation logics and principles are the same as those in embodiment 1, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Example 4:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in this embodiment, the hydrogen circulation driving unit is replaced by the ejector 6 and the circulation pump 61, and in this embodiment, all the calculation logics and principles are the same as those in embodiment 2, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device, comprising:
the gas flowmeter (3) is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline;
the reactor inlet pressure sensor (7), the reactor inlet temperature sensor (8) and the reactor inlet humidity sensor (9) are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline;
the circulating pressure sensor (12), the circulating temperature sensor (13) and the circulating humidity sensor (14) are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the galvanic pile;
the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter (3), the pile feeding pressure sensor (7), the pile feeding temperature sensor (8) and the pile feeding humidity sensor (9), the circulating pressure sensor (12), the circulating temperature sensor (13) and the circulating humidity sensor (14);
the input end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source (1), the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the first input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the input end of the hydrogen pile feeding pipeline is connected to the output end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the output end of the hydrogen pile feeding pipeline is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile, the input end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile, and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the second input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit.
2. The fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to execute the steps of:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor (13), and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor (14) and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor (12);
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor (14), the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor (12) and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by a reactor inlet temperature sensor (8), and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by a reactor entering humidity sensor (9) and the pressure collected by a reactor entering pressure sensor (7);
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor (9), the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor (7) and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter (3)1；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
Receiving the load current collected by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of the hydrogen consumption based on the load currents；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen purity sensor disposed on the hydrogen circulation line.
4. A fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device according to claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to execute the steps of:
receiving the temperature collected by the circulating temperature sensor (13), and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor (14) and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor (12);
the mole fraction x of the vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor (14), the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor (12) and the saturated vapor pressure P20w2；
Receiving the temperature collected by a reactor inlet temperature sensor (8), and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by a reactor entering humidity sensor (9) and the pressure collected by a reactor entering pressure sensor (7);
the humidity collected by the reactor entering humidity sensor (9), the pressure collected by the reactor entering pressure sensor (7) and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen reactor entering pipelinew3；
Receiving the molar flow n of the supplied dry hydrogen collected by the gas flowmeter (3)1；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Mixed wet hydrogen gas water vapor mole fraction xw3And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogenw2Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen2；
Receiving the load current collected by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of the hydrogen consumption based on the load currents；
Receiving hydrogen mole fraction x collected by a hydrogen purity sensorh2；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n1Circulating wet hydrogen molar flow n2Molar flow n of hydrogen consumptionsAnd hydrogen mole fraction xh2And obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio.
5. The device for detecting the hydrogen circulation flow rate of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen circulation driving unit is an ejector (6).
6. A fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen circulation drive unit is a circulation pump (61).
7. The fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device according to claim 1, wherein a gas-water separator (11) is provided on the hydrogen circulation line.
8. The device for detecting the hydrogen circulation flow rate of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen source (1) comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve (2).
9. The apparatus for detecting the hydrogen circulation flow rate of a fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein a pressure regulating valve (5) is provided on the hydrogen supply pipeline.
10. The device for detecting the hydrogen circulation flow rate of the fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein a medium pressure sensor (4) is provided on the hydrogen supply pipeline.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115548386A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-30 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Method for determining hydrogen gas metering ratio of fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
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