CN114204081B - Hydrogen circulation flow detection device of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Hydrogen circulation flow detection device of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- QTTMOCOWZLSYSV-QWAPEVOJSA-M equilin sodium sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4C3=CCC2=C1 QTTMOCOWZLSYSV-QWAPEVOJSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system, which comprises: the gas flowmeter is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline; the reactor inlet pressure sensor, the reactor inlet temperature sensor and the reactor inlet humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline; the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline; the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the electric pile; the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter, the pile inlet pressure sensor, the pile inlet temperature sensor, the pile inlet humidity sensor, the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor; the flow of the circulating wet hydrogen can be measured by measuring the flow of the dry gas and utilizing the flow relation in the system and adopting the traditional pressure, temperature and humidity sensors. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of accurate measurement, small interference to the original hydrogen circulation flow resistance characteristic and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen circulation flow detection, in particular to a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system.
Background
When the hydrogen fuel cell works, air and hydrogen are respectively introduced into the cathode and the anode, and in order to improve the electrochemical reaction rate and simultaneously discharge liquid water out of the electric pile, excessive air and hydrogen are required to be provided. The hydrogen which does not participate in the reaction of the fuel cell stack is sent into the stack again, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen can be improved. The control of the hydrogen circulation volume to meet the requirements of hydrogen metering ratio and water management under different working conditions is one of the keys of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell system. However, because of the relatively high relative humidity of the circulating hydrogen gas passing through the interior of the stack, it is difficult to measure the flow rate, and a typical gas flow meter tests the gas design of certain dry gas medium components, there are significant errors in the gas medium with varying humidity. Meanwhile, as the flow resistance of the gas flowmeter is large, the flowmeter is connected in series into the hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen circulation flow resistance characteristic of the original system is changed, and the real flow data of the original system cannot be obtained. In the prior art, the ultrasonic gas flowmeter can realize interference-free measurement, but the required environmental conditions and installation conditions cannot be met in a fuel cell system with complicated sound source vibration and high integration level. Thus, there is a great need for a non-interfering hydrogen circulation flow measurement scheme for fuel cell systems that can measure humidity changes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen circulation flow detection device of a fuel cell system, which solves the problem of undisturbed measurement of the hydrogen circulation wet hydrogen flow of the fuel cell system, and enables the control of the circulation wet hydrogen flow to reach quantification.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device comprising:
the gas flowmeter is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline;
the reactor inlet pressure sensor, the reactor inlet temperature sensor and the reactor inlet humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen reactor inlet pipeline;
the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the electric pile;
the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter, the pile inlet pressure sensor, the pile inlet temperature sensor, the pile inlet humidity sensor, the circulating pressure sensor, the circulating temperature sensor and the circulating humidity sensor;
the input end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a first input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipeline is connected to the output end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile, the input end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to a hydrogen outlet of the electric pile, and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to a second input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit;
the controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature acquired by a circulating temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving humidity collected by a circulating humidity sensor and pressure collected by a circulating pressure sensor;
the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor are combined, and the saturated vapor pressure P20 is combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline w2 ；
Receiving the temperature acquired by a reactor temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving humidity collected by a stacking humidity sensor and pressure collected by a stacking pressure sensor;
combining the humidity collected by the in-pile humidity sensor, the pressure collected by the in-pile pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P30 to obtain the water vapor mole fraction x of the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen in-pile pipeline w3 ；
Receiving the dry hydrogen supply molar flow n collected by the gas flowmeter 1 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Mole fraction x of water vapor in mixed wet hydrogen w3 And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 ；
Receiving the load current acquired by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption based on the load current s ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Molar flow rate n of circulating wet hydrogen 2 Molar flow n of hydrogen consumption s And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 The hydrogen metering ratio is obtained.
The device also comprises a hydrogen purity sensor which is arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.
The controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature acquired by a circulating temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving humidity collected by a circulating humidity sensor and pressure collected by a circulating pressure sensor;
the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor are combined, and the saturated vapor pressure P20 is combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline w2 ；
Receiving the temperature acquired by a reactor temperature sensor, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving humidity collected by a stacking humidity sensor and pressure collected by a stacking pressure sensor;
combining the humidity collected by the in-pile humidity sensor, the pressure collected by the in-pile pressure sensor and the saturated vapor pressure P30 to obtain the water vapor mole fraction x of the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen in-pile pipeline w3 ；
Receiving the dry hydrogen supply molar flow n collected by the gas flowmeter 1 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Mole fraction x of water vapor in mixed wet hydrogen w3 And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 ；
Receiving the load current acquired by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption based on the load current s ；
Receiving the mole fraction x of the hydrogen acquired by the hydrogen purity sensor h2 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Molar flow rate n of circulating wet hydrogen 2 Molar flow n of hydrogen consumption s And hydrogen mole fraction x h2 The hydrogen metering ratio is obtained.
The hydrogen circulation driving unit is an ejector.
The hydrogen circulation driving unit is a circulation pump.
And a gas-water separator is arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline.
The hydrogen source comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve.
The hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating valve.
And a medium-pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method solves the problem of no interference measurement of the hydrogen circulation wet hydrogen flow of the fuel cell system, and enables the control of the circulation wet hydrogen flow to reach quantification.
2. The cost is low: the flow of the circulating wet hydrogen can be measured and calculated by adopting the traditional pressure, temperature and humidity sensors by measuring the flow of the dry gas and utilizing the flow relation in the system without developing a special flowmeter.
3. The application range is wide: the sensor which is required to be arranged for realizing the measuring and calculating method has low requirements on installation space and environment, and is easy to realize in a fuel cell system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the device comprises a hydrogen source, 2, a pressure reducing valve, 3, a gas flowmeter, 4, a medium-pressure sensor, 5, a pressure regulating valve, 6, an ejector, 7, a stack inlet pressure sensor, 8, a stack inlet temperature sensor, 9, a stack inlet humidity sensor, 10, a fuel cell stack, 11, a gas-water separator, 12, a circulating pressure sensor, 13, a circulating temperature sensor, 14, a circulating humidity sensor, 61 and a circulating pump.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device of a fuel cell system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
a gas flowmeter 3 provided on the hydrogen supply line;
the stack inlet pressure sensor 7, the stack inlet temperature sensor 8 and the stack inlet humidity sensor 9 are arranged on the hydrogen stack inlet pipeline;
a circulating pressure sensor 12, a circulating temperature sensor 13 and a circulating humidity sensor 14 which are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the electric pile;
a controller connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter 3, the pile-feeding pressure sensor 7, the pile-feeding temperature sensor 8 and the pile-feeding humidity sensor 9, and the circulating pressure sensor 12, the circulating temperature sensor 13 and the circulating humidity sensor 14 respectively;
the input of hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to hydrogen source 1, and the output is connected to the first input of ejector, and the input of hydrogen advances the heap pipeline is connected to the output of ejector, and the output is connected to the hydrogen entry of pile, and the input of hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the hydrogen export of pile, and the output is connected to the second input of ejector.
The design of the hardware part only needs to install a gas flowmeter on the hydrogen supply pipeline, has almost no interference to the hydrogen circulation flow resistance characteristic of the fuel cell system, and can truly reflect the hydrogen circulation flow value and the gas humidity in the system. And the required sensor has lower cost and low installation space requirement, is easy to realize the transformation of the existing fuel cell system, and has strong practicability.
As shown in fig. 1, a gas-water separator 11 is arranged on a hydrogen circulation pipeline, a hydrogen source 1 comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve 2, and a pressure regulating valve 5 and a medium-pressure sensor 4 are arranged on a hydrogen supply pipeline.
Wherein the gas flowmeter 3 is used for collecting and supplying dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 The stack inlet pressure sensor 7, the stack inlet temperature sensor 8 and the stack inlet humidity sensor 9 are respectively used for collecting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen stack inlet pipeline, and the circulating pressure sensor 12, the circulating temperature sensor 13 and the circulating humidity sensor 14 are respectively used for collecting the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline.
Depending on the water balance before and after mixing the recycled hydrogen with the dry hydrogen, there is the following equation:
n 2 *x w2 ＝(n 1 +n 2 )*x w3
wherein n is 2 For circulating wet hydrogen molar flow, i.e. at the R2 line in FIG. 1, x w2 To recycle the mole fraction of water vapor in wet hydrogen, n 1 For supplying dry hydrogen molar flow, i.e. at the line of the pressure regulating valve 5 in fig. 1, x w3 The mole fraction of water vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen, i.e., at line P3 in FIG. 1. The molar flow rate n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 The method comprises the following steps:
n 2 ＝n 1 *x w3 /(x w2 –x w3 )
the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption can be calculated according to the load current of the fuel cell stack s If the nitrogen component is ignored, the hydrogen metering ratio lambda of the fuel cell system can be calculated H2 The method comprises the following steps:
λ H2 ＝(n 1 +n 2 *(1–x w2 ))/n s
x in the above w2 And x w3 The determination method of the value of (2) is as follows:
according to the temperature measured by the circulating temperature sensor 13, the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature is obtained through formula calculation or table lookup, and then:
x w2 ＝R2*P20/P2
where R2 is the relative humidity value measured by the cyclical humidity sensor 14 and P2 is the pressure value measured by the cyclical pressure sensor 12.
According to the temperature measured by the circulating temperature sensor 8, the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature is obtained through formula calculation or table lookup, and then:
x w3 ＝R3*P30/P3
wherein, R3 is the relative humidity value measured by the in-pile humidity sensor 9, and P3 is the pressure value measured by the in-pile pressure sensor 7.
Up to this point, the fuel cell system circulates the wet hydrogen molar flow n 2 Metering ratio lambda of hydrogen H2 And hydrogen gasThe relative humidity R2 data are obtained through calculation.
In accordance with the above principles, in the form of a computer program, the controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature acquired by the circulating temperature sensor 13, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14 and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12;
the water vapor mole fraction x of the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity acquired by the receiving circulating humidity sensor 14, the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor 12 and the saturated vapor pressure P20 w2 ；
Receiving the temperature acquired by the reactor temperature sensor 8, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the stacking humidity sensor 9 and the pressure collected by the stacking pressure sensor 7;
the humidity collected by the in-pile humidity sensor 9, the pressure collected by the in-pile pressure sensor 7 and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen in-pile pipeline w3 ；
The supplied dry hydrogen molar flow n collected by the receiving gas flow meter 3 1 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Mole fraction x of water vapor in mixed wet hydrogen w3 And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 ；
Receiving the load current acquired by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption based on the load current s ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Molar flow rate n of circulating wet hydrogen 2 Molar flow n of hydrogen consumption s And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 The hydrogen metering ratio is obtained.
The method and the device realize accurate measurement of the wet hydrogen circulation flow of the fuel cell system, and fill the blank of the method for measuring the wet hydrogen circulation flow of the fuel cell system.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the apparatus further comprises a hydrogen purity sensor provided on the hydrogen circulation line, the hydrogen purity sensor being operable to obtain the mole fraction x of hydrogen in the wet hydrogen circulated in the hydrogen circulation line in consideration of the influence of the nitrogen component h2 Hydrogen metering ratio lambda of fuel cell system H2 The method comprises the following steps:
λ H2 ＝(n 1 +n 2 *x h2 )/n s
correspondingly, the relevant program needs to be modified, and the controller is configured to execute the following steps:
receiving the temperature acquired by the circulating temperature sensor 13, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the circulating humidity sensor 14 and the pressure collected by the circulating pressure sensor 12;
the water vapor mole fraction x of the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline is obtained by combining the humidity acquired by the receiving circulating humidity sensor 14, the pressure acquired by the circulating pressure sensor 12 and the saturated vapor pressure P20 w2 ；
Receiving the temperature acquired by the reactor temperature sensor 8, and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the stacking humidity sensor 9 and the pressure collected by the stacking pressure sensor 7;
the humidity collected by the in-pile humidity sensor 9, the pressure collected by the in-pile pressure sensor 7 and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the vapor in the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen in-pile pipeline w3 ；
The supplied dry hydrogen molar flow n collected by the receiving gas flow meter 3 1 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Mole fraction x of water vapor in mixed wet hydrogen w3 And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 ；
Receiving the load current acquired by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption based on the load current s ；
Receiving the mole fraction x of the hydrogen acquired by the hydrogen purity sensor h2 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Molar flow rate n of circulating wet hydrogen 2 Molar flow n of hydrogen consumption s And hydrogen mole fraction x h2 The hydrogen metering ratio is obtained.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the hydrogen circulation driving unit is replaced by the ejector 6 with the circulation pump 61, and in this embodiment, all the measurement logic and principles are the same as those in embodiment 1, so that the description is omitted.
Example 4:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in this embodiment, the hydrogen circulation driving unit is replaced by the ejector 6 with the circulation pump 61, and in this embodiment, all the measurement logic and principles are the same as those in embodiment 2, so that the description is omitted.
Claims (8)
1. A hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device of a fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
a gas flowmeter (3) provided on the hydrogen supply line;
the pile-feeding pressure sensor (7), the pile-feeding temperature sensor (8) and the pile-feeding humidity sensor (9) are arranged on the hydrogen pile-feeding pipeline;
the circulating pressure sensor (12), the circulating temperature sensor (13) and the circulating humidity sensor (14) are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline;
the current sensor is arranged at the current output end of the electric pile;
the controller is respectively connected with the current sensor, the gas flowmeter (3), the pile-feeding pressure sensor (7), the pile-feeding temperature sensor (8) and the pile-feeding humidity sensor (9), and the circulating pressure sensor (12), the circulating temperature sensor (13) and the circulating humidity sensor (14);
the input end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source (1), the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a first input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipeline is connected to the output end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit, the output end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile, the input end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to a hydrogen outlet of the electric pile, and the output end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to a second input end of the hydrogen circulation driving unit;
the controller is configured to perform the steps of:
receiving the temperature acquired by a circulating temperature sensor (13) and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P20 of water at the temperature;
receiving humidity acquired by a circulating humidity sensor (14) and pressure acquired by a circulating pressure sensor (12);
the humidity R2 collected by the receiving circulating humidity sensor (14), the pressure P2 collected by the circulating pressure sensor (12) and the saturated vapor pressure P20 are combined to obtain the mole fraction x of the water vapor in the circulating wet hydrogen in the hydrogen circulating pipeline w2 ，x w2 ＝R2*P20/P2；
Receiving the temperature acquired by the reactor temperature sensor (8), and acquiring the saturated vapor pressure P30 of water at the temperature;
receiving the humidity collected by the stacking humidity sensor (9) and the pressure collected by the stacking pressure sensor (7);
the humidity R3 collected by the in-pile humidity sensor (9), the pressure P3 collected by the in-pile pressure sensor (7) and the saturated vapor pressure P30 are combined to obtain the water vapor mole fraction x of the mixed wet hydrogen in the hydrogen in-pile pipeline w3 ，x w3 ＝R3*P30/P3；
The supplied dry hydrogen molar flow n collected by the receiving gas flowmeter (3) 1 ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Mole fraction x of water vapor in mixed wet hydrogen w3 And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the molar flow n of the circulating wet hydrogen 2 ，n 2 ＝n 1 *x w3 /(x w2 –x w3 )；
Receiving the load current acquired by the current sensor, and calculating the molar flow n of hydrogen consumption based on the load current s ；
Combined supply of dry hydrogen molar flow n 1 Molar flow rate n of circulating wet hydrogen 2 Molar flow n of hydrogen consumption s And the mole fraction x of water vapor in the recycled wet hydrogen w2 Obtaining the hydrogen metering ratio lambda H2 ，λ H2 ＝(n 1 +n 2 *(1–x w2 ))/n s 。
2. The fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen purity sensor provided on the hydrogen circulation line.
3. The hydrogen circulation flow rate detection device of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen circulation driving unit is an ejector (6).
4. The hydrogen circulation flow rate detection apparatus of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen circulation driving unit is a circulation pump (61).
5. The hydrogen circulation flow rate detection apparatus of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein a gas-water separator (11) is provided on the hydrogen circulation line.
6. A fuel cell system hydrogen circulation flow rate detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen source (1) includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a pressure reducing valve (2).
7. The hydrogen circulation flow rate detection apparatus of a fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen supply line is provided with a pressure regulating valve (5).
8. The hydrogen circulation flow rate detection apparatus of a fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein a medium pressure sensor (4) is provided on the hydrogen supply line.
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