CN114198110A

CN114198110A - Heading machine and material transferring method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114198110A
Application number: CN202111566946.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐纯杰; 张伟强; 卓庆敏; 顾永升; 王又增; 石鑫; 徐淼; 叶超; 张鹏豪; 庞文卓; 廖兆锦; 郭沛霖
Original assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Current assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Priority date: 2021-12-20
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2022-03-18

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and particularly relates to a tunneling machine and a material transferring method of the tunneling machine, wherein the tunneling machine comprises a shield body, a main drive is arranged in the shield body, a cutter head is arranged on the main drive, a beam connected with a rotating part of a central rotating joint is arranged at the rear part of the cutter head, the tunneling machine also comprises a material transferring system, the material transferring system comprises a carrying mechanism which is arranged in the shield body and used for transferring materials between the tail part of the shield body and the cutter head, the carrying mechanism comprises a carrying body used for carrying the materials and an attachment body used for the carrying body to attach, the height distance between the carrying body and the attachment body is unchanged in the process of carrying the materials, the moving path of the carrying body passes through a central channel of the main drive and directly crosses the beam to extend to the position of the cutter head, so that the carrying mechanism does not need to be arranged in a mode of continuously matching with a transferring and hoisting structure, the requirement of the carrying mechanism on the space of the bin at the rear side of the cutter head is reduced, so that the heading machine can be miniaturized.

Description

Heading machine and material transferring method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and particularly relates to a tunneling machine and a material transferring method of the tunneling machine.

Background

When the heading machine is used, related parts at the cutter head need to be replaced, and the process can involve the transportation of new parts to the position of the cutter head and the transportation of parts detached from the position of the cutter head to the outside of the shield body.

The components used at the cutter head of the heading machine generally have larger weight, for example, the weight of a cutter barrel provided with cutters can reach hundreds of kilograms or even more than one ton, and the components are extremely difficult to transfer in a shield body with limited space by manpower, so a material transfer system is arranged in the heading machine to transfer materials. The novel cutter conveying system and the conveying method thereof are disclosed in Chinese patent with application publication number CN110159287A and application publication date of 2019, 08 and 23, and specifically, the conveying system is described by taking a shield machine with a central cabin and a cutter head as a normal-pressure cutter head as an example, specifically, the central cabin is enclosed by a fixed central cabin shell at the rear end of a main-driven inner ring central channel, a material channel for materials to pass through is arranged on the central cabin shell, a material channel door is arranged corresponding to the material channel, the material conveying system specifically comprises a telescopic platform which can extend into the central cabin through the material channel and a central cabin crane arranged at the upper part of the central cabin, when in operation, the materials consisting of the cutter and the cutter barrel are placed on the telescopic platform outside the central cabin, the materials are conveyed into the central cabin by the telescopic platform, and then the materials are continuously lifted into the cutter cabin by the central cabin crane, because the rear side of the cutter head is provided with the beam connected with the rotating part of the center rotary joint, when the center cabin crane hoists materials, the materials need to be hoisted firstly to enable the materials to cross from the upper part of the beam to reach the cutter cabin, and then the materials are placed to the installation position, so that the materials are transported. The same is true for a shield machine with a cutter head being a non-pressure type cutter head, a material channel is arranged on a partition plate at the central channel of the main drive, a material channel door is arranged on the partition plate, and a material transfer system conveys materials into a soil bin through the material channel and the central channel of the main drive and hoists the materials by a crane.

The material transfer system comprising the telescopic platform and the center cabin crane can be conveniently arranged in a large-sized tunneling machine with the diameter of tens of meters, however, with the development of civil engineering construction, a small-sized tunneling machine with the diameter of less than ten meters needs to be used in many places, for the miniaturized tunneling machine, the material transfer system in the prior art is inconvenient to arrange due to insufficient cabin space at the rear part of the cutter head, the technical problem of difficult material transfer exists in the process of miniaturization of the tunneling machine, and the development of miniaturization of the tunneling machine is restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heading machine, which aims to solve the technical problem that the heading machine in the prior art is difficult to miniaturize due to the difficulty in material transfer in the miniaturization process; the invention also aims to provide a material transferring method of the heading machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the heading machine provided by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a heading machine, includes the shield body, and the shield is internal to be provided with the main drive, is provided with the blade disc on the main drive, and the blade disc rear portion is provided with the crossbeam of being connected with central rotary joint's rotating part, heading machine still includes material transfer system, and material transfer system is including setting up the carrying mechanism who is used for carrying out the material transportation between shield body afterbody and blade disc at the shield body, carrying mechanism is including the supporting body that is used for bearing the weight of the material and supplying the supporting body adnexed, and the supporting body transports the height distance between the in-process of material and the adnexed unchangeable, and the motion path of supporting body passes through from main drive central channel to directly crossing the crossbeam and extending to blade disc position.

The beneficial effects are that: the height distance of supporting body and attachment is unchangeable, when utilizing this carrying mechanism to transport the material at shield body rear portion to blade disc position department, the supporting body is bearing the material and is passing main drive's central channel and crossing the crossbeam and directly reach blade disc position department, this in-process, do not relate to the material that gets into in the main drive central channel and continue to lift by crane, compare in traditional material transfer system, need not additionally to set up in blade disc rear side bin and go to hang the equipment that hangs and continue telescopic platform and send telescopic platform to the material of main drive central channel and hang and cross blade disc rear side crossbeam, so make the bin of blade disc rear side can miniaturize, and then make the entry driving machine can miniaturize.

As a further improvement, the carrying mechanism comprises a shield inner track and a material transfer trolley matched with the shield inner track, the carrying body is composed of the material transfer trolley, and the attachment is composed of the shield inner track.

The beneficial effects are that: the carrying mechanism adopts a structure that the material transfer trolley is matched with the inner rail of the shield, and the inner rail of the shield is utilized to support the material transfer trolley, so that the carrying mechanism is ensured to have enough bearing capacity.

As a further improvement, the inner rail of the shield is of a split structure in the front-rear direction, the front end of the inner rail is a cantilever section extending into a cutter bin of a normal pressure type cutter or a soil bin at the rear side of a non-normal pressure type cutter, the rear side of the cantilever section is a base section located outside the cutter bin or the soil bin, and the cantilever section and the base section are detachably connected in a butt joint manner or are assembled on the base section in a telescopic manner or are detachably connected on a fixture near the base section in a butt joint manner to enable the cantilever section to be moved out of the cutter bin or the soil bin; or, the track extends to the blade disc rear side in the shield, the part that the dolly is transported to the material can be for the track forward overhang extend to the knife compartment of normal pressure formula blade disc or in the soil storehouse of extreme pressure formula blade disc rear side in the shield.

The beneficial effects are that: the material is transported the dolly directly and is transported the material to the position as near as possible from blade disc dress cutting board, reduces follow-up work load that removes the material, and meanwhile, the cantilever section that extends in blade disc tool magazine or the soil storehouse can shift out or extend the material transport dolly in tool magazine or the soil storehouse and can retract for the normal operation of the blade disc that has the tool magazine and the smooth and easy flow of dregs in the soil storehouse can not influenced in carrying mechanism's setting.

As a further improvement, the inner rail of the shield is a split structure split in the front-rear direction, the cantilever section is in butt joint with the base section, and the butt joint position of the base section and the cantilever section is located at the rear side of the beam, or the cantilever section is assembled on the base section in a telescopic manner, and the retraction amount of the cantilever section on the base section can ensure that the whole shield can be retracted to the rear side of the beam; or, the track extends to in the shield the crossbeam rear side, the part that the dolly is transported to the material can be for the shield in the track forward overhang extend to in the cutter storehouse of normal pressure formula blade disc or the soil storehouse of extreme pressure formula blade disc rear side.

The beneficial effects are that: after the cantilever section is dismantled or after the shrink backward or after the backward movement of material transfer trolley, the carrying mechanism can not cause the interference to the rotation of crossbeam, so, can make the track pass from the crossbeam rotation region in the shield, just so need not to crossbeam and the interval arrangement in the shield in the upper and lower direction, and then make the radial dimension's of the rear portion storehouse body of blade disc design only need refer to the radial dimension of the rotation scope of crossbeam can, make the entry driving machine can further miniaturize.

As a further improvement, the cantilever section and the base section are detachably connected in a butt joint mode, and an inclined strut which is backwards matched with a nearby fixture support is fixed on the cantilever section.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with a telescopic structure, the cantilever section and the base section can be detachably connected to realize equal-height matching of the cantilever section and the rail surface of the base section, stable operation of the material transfer trolley on the inner track of the shield is realized, and compared with butt joint with the base section which is fixed on a fixed object near the base section through the connecting structure, the dependence of a direct matching mode of the cantilever section and the base section in a detachable connection mode on the surrounding structure is lower, the surrounding structure is not required to be considered, the manufacturing difficulty of the cantilever section is reduced, and on the basis, the cantilever section which is detachably connected with the base section is provided with the inclined strut, so that the cantilever section has higher bearing capacity.

As further improvement, the blade disc is the atmospheric pressure formula blade disc, the track passes the material passway door of main drive central channel department in the shield, and the track is including laying in the outer section of door in the material passway door outside, laying in the inner section of door of material passway door inboard and be used for connecting the changeover portion of outer section of door AND gate inner segment in the shield, the changeover portion passes through removable mounting structure and installs in the shield, and the length of changeover portion satisfies that its space of letting out after the dismantlement can make the normal switching of material passway door.

The beneficial effects are that: when the materials are transported, the material transporting trolley can normally and smoothly pass through the material passage door due to the matching of the door outer section, the door inner section and the transition section, the transition section is detached after the materials are transported, the material passage door can be normally opened and closed, the shield inner track cannot influence the closed tightness of the material passage door, and the heading machine is further ensured to have reliable working performance.

As a further improvement, the detachable mounting structure comprises an inserting structure positioned on the transition section and an inserting matching structure positioned in the shield body of the heading machine, and the transition section is installed in the shield body in an inserting matching mode in the up-down direction through the inserting structure and the inserting matching structure.

The beneficial effects are that: the during operation changeover portion bears pressure, and based on this, the changeover portion adopts along upper and lower direction grafting complex removable mounting structure to install and can get up the stable installation of changeover portion at the shield internal with the pressure utilization that the changeover portion during operation born at the shield, meanwhile, only need during the installation changeover portion with grafting cooperation structure aim at put down the changeover portion can, only need during the dismantlement changeover portion take up the changeover portion can for the dismouting of changeover portion is very convenient.

As a further improvement, the rear end of the inner rail of the shield is provided with a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley so as to prevent the material transfer trolley from automatically sliding forwards.

The beneficial effects are that: the condition that the tunnel extends to one side can appear among the tunnelling process, and at this moment, the entry driving machine is in the gesture of slant decurrent, and track rear end sets up locking structure in the shield can prevent that the material from transporting the dolly and slide forward by oneself, guarantees that the material transports the dolly and stably locates in the position of accepting the material when lifting the material on the material transports the dolly, guarantees the convenience that the material hoists on the material transports the dolly, avoids appearing the material simultaneously and transports the circumstances that the dolly slides the accidental injury staff by oneself.

As a further improvement, the front end of the inner track of the shield is provided with a stopping structure for stopping the material transfer trolley, so that the material transfer trolley is prevented from falling out of the front end of the inner track of the shield.

The beneficial effects are that: because most of the materials transported by the material transporting system have larger weight, the blocking structure for blocking the material transporting trolley is arranged at the front end of the inner rail of the shield, so that the accident that the material transporting trolley carrying the materials is separated from the front end of the inner rail of the shield and falls can be avoided, and the use safety of the tunneling machine is ensured.

As a further improvement, the carrying mechanism comprises a telescopic mounting structure and a bearing platform mounted in the shield body through the telescopic mounting structure, the bearing platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material passage door through the telescopic mounting structure, the bearing platform forms the bearing body, and the telescopic mounting structure forms the attachment.

The beneficial effects are that: through the extension forward of flexible mounting structure, can conveniently make the plummer extend the transfer that the blade disc position realized the material to blade disc department, simultaneously, through flexible mounting structure's the withdrawal backward can conveniently make the plummer retract to material access door rear side, avoid carrying mechanism to cause the influence to the switch of material access door.

As a further improvement, the path of movement of the carrier passes from the bottom of the main drive central channel.

The beneficial effects are that: the material has lower position height relatively when transporting to the blade disc position, reduce the follow-up amount of labour when transferring the material to the installation position, meanwhile, main drive central channel's cross section is circular, design the motion path of supporting body for the bottom process from main drive central channel, make the motion path of carrier be located shield body center lower part, so, when transporting the material to the blade disc position, the material naturally is located the position of blade disc center lower part, the adjustment work load of left and right directions when reducing operating personnel and shifting the material to the installation position, improve the transfer rate of material simultaneously.

As a further improvement, the bearing body is provided with a material tray for bearing materials, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure which is used for being in limit fit with material packages or the materials per se so as to limit the inclination angle postures of the materials in the left and right directions.

The beneficial effects are that: because the difficult high accuracy stops at predetermineeing the position when the blade disc is shut down at every turn, consequently need to guarantee to have sufficient clearance between material and the crossbeam in order to ensure that the material can not blockked by the crossbeam, and then guarantee the smooth and easy nature of material to blade disc position department transportation, to this, set up location structure on the material transportation dolly, make the extranal packing of material or material self in the direction slope of controlling through location structure, increase the distance between material or material extranal packing and the crossbeam with this, guarantee that the material can smoothly transport and support blade disc position.

As a further improvement, the positioning structure is a positioning inclined plane.

The beneficial effects are that: planar structure is convenient for process and more wear-resisting, designs location structure for the location inclined plane can reduce the degree of difficulty that carrying mechanism made to provide carrying mechanism's durability, meanwhile, planar structure's location structure can carry out stable location with material or the stable cooperation of material packing to the gesture of material.

As a further improvement, the positioning structure comprises a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, and the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode.

The beneficial effects are that: because the material to different positions on the blade disc needs the crossbeam to stop in different position departments when changing the installation, the crossbeam stops in the shield orbital left side sometimes, can stop in the shield orbital right side sometimes, corresponding with it, set up bilateral symmetry's left location structure and right location structure on the material tray, so can combine the position that the blade disc rear side crossbeam actually stops to come the location structure of the corresponding side of selection of adaptability come with the extranal packing cooperation of material or material, no matter change the material of where like this can both guarantee the material can not blockked by the crossbeam of blade disc rear side when transporting to blade disc place position department, guarantee the smooth and easy nature of material transportation.

As a further improvement, a cutter mounting position for mounting a cutter is arranged on a cutter mounting panel of the cutter head, a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed on the rear side of the cutter mounting panel, when the cutter head of the heading machine stops to mount the cutter on the cutter mounting position, the lifting tool mounting structure is positioned above the cutter mounting position, and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the cutter mounting position meets the requirements of arrangement and lifting distance of the lifting tool.

The beneficial effects are that: when the cutter is unloaded from the carrying mechanism and moves towards the corresponding cutter loading position or the disassembled cutter is placed on the carrying mechanism, the lifting tool is installed on the rear side of the cutter loading panel of the cutter head through the lifting tool installation structure, the cutter is lifted by the lifting tool, when the cutter is lifted, the lifting tool is installed through the lifting tool installation structure and is positioned above the cutter loading position, the lifting distance for lifting the cutter is ensured by the distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the cutter loading position, the lifting of the material in a small-size bin body is realized, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the convenience for material transfer is improved.

As a further improvement, a cutter loading area is arranged on the cutter loading panel, at least two cutter loading positions are arranged in parallel in the cutter loading area along the radial direction of the cutter head, the hoisting tool mounting structure corresponding to the cutter loading area is arranged on one side, close to the center of the cutter head, of the cutter loading area along the radial direction of the cutter head, and the hoisting tool mounting structure corresponding to the cutter loading area is arranged on one side, close to the center of the cutter head, of the cutter loading area.

The beneficial effects are that: the cutter loading positions are arranged in a concentrated mode to form a cutter loading area, and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structures are arranged aiming at the cutter loading area, so that the number of the required lifting tool mounting structures can be reduced, the frequency of rotating a cutter disc in the cutter loading and unloading processes is reduced, and the cutter replacing operation of the heading machine is more convenient.

As a further improvement, the number of the tool loading areas is at least two, the tool loading areas are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, the hoisting tool mounting structures corresponding to the tool loading areas are positioned on a circle with the center of the cutter head as the center of the circle, and the circle where the hoisting tool mounting structures are positioned is positioned between the tool loading areas and the center of the cutter head.

The beneficial effects are that: the hoisting tool mounting structure is arranged between the cutter mounting area and the center of the cutter head, so that a proper distance is reserved between the hoisting tool mounting structure and the cutter mounting area, the hoisting tool can work smoothly, and the hoisting tool cannot be oversized.

As a further improvement, the cutter loading area and the corresponding hoisting tool mounting structure are distributed on two sides of the center of the cutter head.

The beneficial effects are that: because the hoisting tool needs to have a certain hoisting space during working, the hoisting tool mounting structure and the cutter installing area are arranged on two sides of the center of the cutter head, so that the hoisting tool mounting structure and the cutter installing area have relatively large intervals, and the hoisting tool is convenient to arrange.

As a further improvement, at least one lifting tool mounting structure group is arranged corresponding to each tool mounting area, each lifting tool mounting structure group comprises two lifting tool mounting structures, and the two lifting tool mounting structures and the tool mounting positions in the corresponding tool mounting areas are arranged according to the position relation of three vertexes of a triangle.

The beneficial effects are that: the lifting tool mounting structure group is arranged, corresponding lifting tools are arranged aiming at the lifting tool mounting structures, and the left position and the right position of the material can be adjusted in the lifting process through the matching of the two lifting tools. Secondly, the lifting tool mounting structure group can provide a more reliable mounting structure for the lifting tool, and the falling condition of the lifting tool and materials in the lifting process is avoided.

As a further improvement, the lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring fixed on the cutter mounting panel through a fixing structure.

The beneficial effects are that: the lifting tool is generally provided with a hook, and the lifting tool mounting structure is designed into a lifting ring, so that the lifting tool can be mounted on the lifting tool mounting structure conveniently.

As a further improvement, the main drive includes that drive box body middle part is the central channel that link up from beginning to end, the main drive still include for drive box body fixed drive arrangement, drive arrangement is used for driving the blade disc and rotates, the partial rear end sealing connection who encloses into central channel of drive box body has the shrouding, the shrouding shutoff central channel is in order to enclose out the center cabin, and the central part of shrouding is offered the center swivel joint mounting hole that is used for installing center swivel joint.

The beneficial effects are that: therefore, the central channel of the main drive is utilized to form the tail end part of the central cabin, the central cabin is integrated on the main drive, and compared with the central cabin shell which is nested in the main drive and protrudes backwards to form the central cabin with the diameter smaller than that of the central channel of the main drive, the structure which is integrally arranged between the central cabin and the main drive enables the inner diameter of the central channel of the main drive to be consistent with the radial dimension of the central cabin at the corresponding position.

As a further improvement, the inner sealing plate is located at the position of the speed reducer of the driving device, the diameter of the sealing plate is larger than that of the central channel, and the sealing plate is provided with speed reducer mounting holes for mounting the speed reducer.

The beneficial effects are that: so make and drive the plate structure that the box encloses out the center compartment and be used for installing the plate structure integrated into one piece of speed reducer, need not additionally to this two part plate structures manufacturing respectively, reduce the part machining work load in the main drive manufacturing process, improve the convenience that the main drive was made.

As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate or a curved plate with the middle part sunken into the central channel.

The beneficial effects are that: the shrouding adopts dull and stereotyped structure or middle part to the sunken plate structure in the central passage, moves forward the installation position of center swivel joint as far as possible for center swivel joint and the elbow structure that center swivel joint rear side is connected move forward, realize the maximize in main drive rear side space.

As a further improvement, the sealing plate is fixed to the portion of the drive case enclosing the central passage by a welded connection.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with bolt connection, the sealing plate can be connected to the driving box body of the main drive more simply and conveniently by adopting a welding mode, and meanwhile, the sealing performance of the central cabin can be effectively guaranteed by the fixed connection structure.

As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected between the edge of the sealing plate of the flat plate structure and the inner wall of the central channel.

The beneficial effects are that: the flat plate structure for the sealing plate enables the sealing plate to be convenient to manufacture and transport, and meanwhile, the reinforcing ribs are arranged to ensure that the sealing plate with the flat plate structure has qualified compressive strength, so that the central cabin is ensured to have reliable bearing capacity.

As a further improvement, the reinforcing ribs are connected with the inner plate surface of the sealing plate.

The beneficial effects are that: because the shrouding outside will carry out the installation of corresponding components and parts and pipeline, set up the strengthening rib and can prevent that the setting of strengthening rib from causing the influence to operating personnel's installation operation on the inboard face of shrouding.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the material transferring method of the heading machine provided by the invention is as follows:

a material transferring method of a heading machine is characterized in that a bearing body which is arranged in a shield body and can move to the position of a cutter head carries materials to be transferred to the cutter head, the materials are placed on the bearing body outside a central channel of a main drive, the bearing body is enabled to cross a cross beam on the rear side of the cutter head along a set path to transfer the materials to the position of the cutter head, the height of the attachment where the bearing body is located is unchanged in the process that the bearing body conveys the materials, then the transferred materials are placed at corresponding mounting positions, and the cutter head of the heading machine is stopped to the set position before transferring, so that the cross beam on the rear side of the cutter head is prevented from interfering with the bearing body and the materials.

The beneficial effects are that: the height distance of the bearing body and the attachment is unchanged, when the material at the rear part of the shield body is transferred to the position of the cutter head by adopting the method, the bearing body bears the material and passes through the central channel of the main drive and crosses the cross beam to directly reach the position of the cutter head, in the process, the continuous hoisting of the material entering the central channel of the main drive is not involved, compared with a traditional material transfer system, the continuous hoisting equipment arranged in the rear side chamber of the cutter head is not required to continuously hoist the material sent into the central channel of the main drive by the continuous hoisting platform and crosses the cross beam of the rear side of the cutter head, so that the rear side chamber of the cutter head can be miniaturized, and the development machine can be miniaturized.

As a further improvement, the motion path of the bearing body extends to the position where the material is lifted at the cutter head, when the material is placed, the material is firstly lifted from the bearing body in the cutter bin or the soil bin at the rear side of the cutter head, then the bearing body and the attachment are moved away, and then the material is placed to the corresponding installation position.

The beneficial effects are that: the motion route of supporting body extends to the position department that the blade disc department lifted by crane the material and can transport the material to the position department as close as possible from the blade disc, reduces follow-up amount of movement and the working strength to the material, and simultaneously, will bear when settling the material and mention the attachment and move away from direct transfer material, realizes the convenient transportation of material to the installation position.

As a further improvement, a fixed structure is selected or a hoisting tool mounting structure is arranged in a bin on the rear side of a cutter mounting panel or on the cutter mounting panel of the cutter head for mounting a cutter, and a hoisting tool is mounted to hoist the material.

The beneficial effects are that: the material is lifted off from the supporting body and moved to the corresponding mounting position or the disassembled parts are placed on the supporting body, the lifting tool is mounted on the rear side of the cutter plate of the cutter head through the lifting tool mounting structure, the lifting tool is used for lifting the material, the lifting of the material in the small-size bin body is realized, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the convenience of material transfer is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a part of the structure of a heading machine in embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the layout structure of each duct on the central partition board of the heading machine in embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the inner shield track of the heading machine in the embodiment 1 of the invention in the shield body;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a mounting structure for mounting a transition section of a track in a shield, which is provided in a main drive of a heading machine embodiment 1 in the invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a material transfer trolley of embodiment 1 of the heading machine of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the material transfer trolley of embodiment 1 of the heading machine of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional structure view of a material transfer trolley of the heading machine in the embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cross beam of the heading machine in embodiment 1 of the invention in two parking states;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter mounting panel of a cutterhead of the heading machine of embodiment 1 in a rear view state;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a state that a lifting ring at the rear side of a cutter mounting panel of a cutterhead of the heading machine of the embodiment 1 is matched with a lifting hoist to lift materials;

fig. 11 is a plan view of the inner structure of the shield of embodiment 1 of the heading machine of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. a shield body; 2. main driving; 3. a cutter head; 4. a central channel; 5. closing the plate; 6. installing a cutter panel; 7. a knife bin; 8. a material channel; 9. a personnel passage; 10. a central swivel joint mounting hole; 11. a central swivel joint; 12. a cross beam; 13. a first in-tunnel transport unit; 14. a hoisting unit in the tunnel; 15. a second intra-tunnel transport unit; 16. a hoisting unit in the shield body; 17. an inner shield track; 18. a material transfer trolley; 19. a base section; 20. a cantilever section; 21. bracing; 22. an outer door section; 23. an inner door section; 24. a transition section; 25. a pin; 26. a socket base; 27. a frame; 28. a wheel; 29. a support plate; 30. a handle; 31. a baffle plate; 32. a hoisting ring; 33. bending the pipe; 34. an arc-shaped track; 35. a left bevel; 36. a right bevel; 37. a knife cylinder assembly; 38. hoisting a hoist; 39. a cutter mounting area; 40. a motor; 41. a speed reducer; 42. contour lines; 43. A speed reducer mounting hole; 44. installing a cutter position; 45. a central passage wall.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, which may be present, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, elements recited by the phrases "comprising an … …," or the like, do not exclude the presence of such elements, processes, or methods.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" when they are used are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the term "provided" may be used in a broad sense, for example, the object of "provided" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the embodiment 1 of the heading machine provided by the present invention, the structure and the material transfer method of the heading machine in the present invention are described by taking the heading machine as a normal pressure cutterhead slurry heading machine, a material as a cutter barrel assembly 37 consisting of a cutter and a cutter barrel, and a material transfer operation as an example of transferring the material to the cutterhead, specifically as follows:

the heading machine provided by the embodiment has a partial structure as shown in fig. 1, and comprises a shield body 1, wherein a main drive 2 is arranged in the shield body 1, the main drive 2 is provided with a drive box, and a cutter head 3 is mounted on the main drive 2 through a cutter head mounting structure. The main drive 2 also has a drive means for driving the cutterhead in rotation, which comprises a motor 40 and a reducer 41 fixed with respect to the drive housing, as shown in figure 3. In this embodiment, the cutter head 3 is a normal pressure type cutter head, and has a cutter mounting panel 6 for mounting a cutter and a cutter magazine 7 located on the rear side of the cutter mounting panel 6. The middle part of the main drive 2 is a central channel 4, in addition, the part of the drive box body which encloses the central channel 4 is defined as a central channel wall body 45, a sealing plate 5 is welded and sealed on the rear end surface of the central channel wall body 45, and the rear side of the central channel 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 5 so as to enclose the central cabin. The cutter bin and the center cabin form a cavity at the rear side of the heading machine cutter head 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the closing plate 5 is provided with a material passage 8, a personnel passage 9, a central rotary joint mounting hole 10 and other related passages, and the central rotary joint mounting hole 10 is located at the center of the closing plate 5 and is used for mounting a central rotary joint 11 in the shield body 1. The material channel 8 and the personnel channel 9 are used for materials and personnel to enter and exit the central cabin. Other associated channels are used to interface electrical components such as sensors and associated piping, circuitry, and the center pod. Corresponding to the material passage 8 and the personnel passage 9, a material passage door and a personnel passage door (not shown in the figure) are further provided to meet the sealing performance and the pressure resistance of the central cabin. Regarding the location of the material channel 8, as shown in fig. 2, the material channel 8 is located directly below the central swivel joint mounting hole 10, and the bottom of the material channel 8 is located at the bottom of the central channel 4.

As shown in fig. 1, a splayed beam 12 is disposed between the rear side of the cutter head 3 and the central rotary joint 11, the beam 12 rigidly connects the rotating part of the central rotary joint 11 with the cutter head 3, and the cutter head 3 drives the rotating part of the central rotary joint 11 to rotate.

In order to transport the material to the position of the cutter head 3 and transport the material detached from the cutter head 3 outwards, a material transport system is further arranged in the heading machine, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the material transport system comprises a first tunnel internal transport unit 13 located in a tunnel at the rear side of the shield body, a tunnel internal hoisting unit 14, a second tunnel internal transport unit 15, a shield internal hoisting unit 16 and a carrying mechanism located in the shield body, and the carrying mechanism comprises a carrying body and an attachment body and is used for transporting the material at the tail part of the shield body to the position of the cutter head. Regarding the specific structure of the carrying mechanism, in this embodiment, the attachment of the carrying mechanism is specifically the inner rail 17 of the shield, and the carrying body is the material transfer trolley 18 matched with the inner rail 17 of the shield.

As shown in fig. 1, the inner shield rail 17 extends from outside the central compartment to inside the central compartment through the bottom of the material channel 8 and from below the cross beam 12 through into the knife compartment 7 of the cutterhead 3, in such a way that the path of movement of the material transfer trolley 18 as a carrying body passes from the bottom of the central channel 4 and from below the cross beam 12 through into the knife compartment 7 of the cutterhead 3.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to ensure that the cutter head 3 operates normally, the inner rail 17 of the shield is a split structure, and specifically includes a cantilever section 20, the front end of which extends into the cutter bin 7, and a base section 19 located behind the cantilever section 20, and during operation, the cantilever section 20 is in butt joint with the base section 19, so that the material transfer trolley 18 can transport materials into the cutter bin 7 through the lower side of the cross beam 12, and when the cutter head 3 needs to operate, the cantilever section 20 is detached. In this embodiment, the inner shield rail 17 passes through the area through which the cross beam 12 rotates, and therefore, the structure of the base section 19 connected to the cantilever section 20 is located at the rear side of the cross beam 12, so that the base section 19 does not interfere with the rotation of the cross beam 12.

For the butt joint mode between the cantilever section 20 and the base section 19, in this embodiment, the cantilever section 20 and the base section 19 are in direct pin joint with the wheel track directly matched with the material transfer trolley 18, and meanwhile, because the cantilever section 20 directly extends into the tool magazine 7, the horizontal posture of the cantilever section 20 is ensured for preventing the cantilever section 20 from rotating around the pin of the pin joint, an inclined strut 21 is fixed on the part of the cantilever section 20 extending into the tool magazine 7, and the inclined strut 21 is in supporting fit with the inner wall surface of the tool magazine 7 backwards, so that the cantilever section 20 can maintain the horizontal posture and has enough support strength. Based on the arrangement of the inclined strut 21, a single row of pin shafts can be used for pin connection between the cantilever section 20 and the base section 19, and certainly, more than two rows of pin shafts arranged side by side in the front-rear direction can be used for pin connection to ensure the reliability of connection.

Because basic section 19 extends to the center cabin in from the center cabin is outer, consequently, in order to ensure that the material passgate can normally open and shut, basic section 19 also is the components of a whole that can function independently structure, including the outer section 22 of door that is located material passgate rear side, be located the inboard door inner section 23 of material passgate to and connect the changeover portion 24 between door inner section 23 and outer section 22, changeover portion 24 demountable installation is in shield body 1, and its length satisfies the space that its gave way after the dismantlement can make the normal switching of material passgate. For the detachable installation structure of the transition section 24 in the shield body 1, as shown in fig. 4, an inserting base 26 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the fixed part of the main drive 2, correspondingly, an inserting pin 25 is arranged on the lower part of the transition section 24, a slot matched with the inserting base 26 in an inserting manner is formed in the bottom of the inserting pin 25, when the transition section 24 is installed, the installation of the transition section 24 between the door inner section 23 and the door outer section 22 can be realized through the inserting and matching of the inserting pin 25 and the inserting base 26, and when the material channel door needs to be opened and closed, the transition section 24 can be detached.

The material transfer trolley 18 specifically comprises a traveling device matched with the inner rail 17 of the shield and a material tray arranged on the traveling device, specifically, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, in this embodiment, the traveling device of the material transfer trolley 18 comprises a frame 27 and wheels 28 arranged on the frame 27 and matched with the inner rail 17 of the shield, the material tray is a supporting plate 29 arranged on the traveling device, and when in use, the material is placed on the supporting plate 29. In order to facilitate the operator to push the material transfer trolley 18, the material transfer trolley 18 is further provided with a handle 30. In other embodiments, the material tray may also be a non-plate type structure, such as a frame type structure.

As shown in fig. 8, when the cutter on the cutter disc 3 is changed, the corresponding cutter mounting position is stopped at the position of six o' clock, at this time, the side beam 12 behind the cutter disc 3 is in the inclined state, the material carrying trolley 18 carries the material to carry towards the position of the cutter disc 3, since the cutter head 3 is difficult to stop at the set position with high precision, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient distance between the cross beam 12 and the knife cylinder assembly 37 on the material transfer trolley 18, so as to prevent the cross beam 12 and the knife cylinder assembly 37 from interfering, in contrast, the material transfer trolley 18 is provided with a positioning structure, in the embodiment, because the transferred material is the knife cylinder assembly 37, in order to facilitate hoisting, a tool with a lifting lug is arranged for the material, therefore, the left and right inclination angle postures of the materials are limited by the matching of the positioning structures and the tools outside the materials, and the distances between the materials and the tools and the cross beam 12 in the left and right directions are increased. In this embodiment, the positioning structure includes a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, specifically, the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are a left inclined plane 35 and a right inclined plane 36 disposed at the front end of the supporting plate 29, and the two inclined planes are bilaterally symmetrical. Correspondingly, a plane structure is arranged on a tool for installing the tool, and the inclination angle postures of the cutter cylinder assembly and the tool are limited by the matching of the plane structure on the tool and the left positioning structure or the right positioning structure, so that the cutter cylinder assembly and the tool cannot interfere with the cross beam 12. In other embodiments, the positioning structure can be directly matched with the material, and also can be matched with other packages, such as packing cases, outside the material, which are not provided with tools.

In addition, because the tunnel extends obliquely downwards in the tunneling process, at the moment, the shield body 1 of the tunneling machine is in an oblique downward posture, and in order to prevent the material transfer trolley 18 from automatically sliding forwards under the action of gravity, a locking structure is further arranged at the rear end of the inner rail 17 of the shield, and the material transfer trolley 18 is locked through the locking structure, so that the material transfer trolley 18 is prevented from automatically sliding forwards. In this embodiment, the locking structure is specifically a locking plate fixed in the shield body 1, a locking hole is formed in the locking plate, correspondingly, a locking hole matching hole is formed in the material transfer trolley, and the locking of the position of the material transfer trolley 18 is realized by penetrating and installing a locking pin shaft in the locking hole and the locking hole matching hole. In addition, since most of the materials transported by the material transporting system have a large weight, as shown in fig. 3, a stopping structure for stopping the material transporting trolley 18 is arranged at the front end of the inner rail 17 of the shield, and the material transporting trolley 18 is stopped by the stopping structure, so that the accident that the material transporting trolley 18 loaded with the materials is pulled out from the front end of the inner rail 17 of the shield and falls can be avoided. For the specific form of the stopping structure, in this embodiment, the stopping structure is the baffle 31, and in other embodiments, the stopping structure may be any structure capable of stopping the material transfer cart 18 to prevent it from being pulled out of the track forward, such as a stop.

The structure of the cutter head 3 is as shown in fig. 9, a hoisting tool mounting structure is fixed on the rear side of the cutter mounting panel 6 of the cutter head 3, in this embodiment, the hoisting tool mounting structure is specifically a hoisting ring 32, so after the material is conveyed into the cutter bin 7, since the small-sized cutter bin 7 and the central bin cannot be provided with hoisting equipment, the material can be hoisted by fixing a hoisting hoist 38 on the hoisting ring 32 as shown in fig. 10. For the fixing mode of the hanging ring 32 on the cutter mounting panel 6, the structure of direct welding fixing can be adopted to be fixed on the cutter mounting panel, the mounting seat can be fixed on the cutter mounting panel, then the hanging ring 32 is fixed on the mounting seat in an indirect mode and is fixed on the cutter mounting panel 6, and at the moment, the mounting seat forms the fixing structure of the hanging ring on the cutter mounting panel.

As shown in fig. 9, the tool mounting panel 6 has tool mounting areas 39 formed by intensively arranging the tool mounting locations 44, and therefore, a lifting tool mounting structure is provided corresponding to each tool mounting area, in this embodiment, four tool mounting areas 39 are provided on the tool mounting panel 6, the four tool mounting areas 39 are arranged at equal intervals along the cutter head circumferential direction, and a lifting tool mounting structure is provided for each tool mounting area 39. Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the tool loading area 39 and the corresponding mounting structure of the hoisting tool are distributed on two sides of the center of the cutter head, so as to meet the requirement of the distance between the fixed point of the hoisting hoist 38 and the tool mounting position during the operation. On the whole, the hoisting tool mounting structures corresponding to all the tool loading areas 39 are located on a circle with the center of the cutter head as the center of the circle, and the circle is located between the tool loading areas 39 and the center of the cutter head, so that the hoisting tool mounting structures are prevented from being too far away from the corresponding tool loading areas 39.

In this embodiment, a lifting tool mounting structure group is specifically provided for each tool loading area, and each lifting tool mounting structure group includes two lifting tool mounting structures, that is, two lifting rings 32. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the lifting tool mounting structure groups corresponding to the tool loading area 39 are located on two sides of the tool loading area opposite to the tool loading area 39, so as to avoid the influence of the lifting tool mounting structure on the subsequent tool loading operation of the nearby tool loading position. The two hoisting tool mounting structures and the target tool loading position are arranged in a triangular three-vertex relationship, so that the two hoisting hoists 38 are adopted to be matched with the tool cylinder assembly 37 according to the arrangement shown in fig. 10, and the position of the tool cylinder assembly 37 can be adjusted in the left-right direction by adjusting the lengths of slings of the two hoisting hoists 38 in the hoisting process.

As for the sealing plate 5, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, in this embodiment, the sealing plate 5 is a flat plate structure, the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 is utilized to enclose a central cabin, and thus the shield inner rail 17 for transferring materials is directly laid at the bottom of the inner wall of the central channel 4 of the main drive, so that the laying position of the shield inner rail 17 is as low as possible, and on the premise of ensuring that the radial dimension of the central cabin is qualified, the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive can be miniaturized as much as possible, so that the radial dimension of the main drive is as small as possible, and the miniaturization of the heading machine is facilitated. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 11, the partition plate 5 is of a flat plate structure, so that the elbow 33 of the pipeline connected with the central swivel joint 11 is arranged relatively in front, a large space is reserved at the rear side of the main drive 2, and the material lifted by the lifting unit 16 in the shield body can smoothly fall onto the material transfer trolley 18.

In this embodiment, shrouding 5 adopts the welded mode to fix on the rear end face of main drive 2's central passageway wall body 22, for guaranteeing that shrouding 5 has qualified compressive capacity, in this embodiment, welded connection has strengthening rib (not shown in the figure) between shrouding 5 inboard face and main drive 2's central passageway wall body 22 to guarantee that the centre cabin has qualified compressive strength.

In order to ensure that the central cabin has a proper axial dimension, the rear end of the central passage wall 22 of the main drive 2 extends backwards to a proper position, in this embodiment, the rear end of the central passage wall 22 of the main drive extends to the position of the speed reducer 41, based on this, as shown in fig. 2, the diameter of the sealing plate 5 is set to be larger than the diameter of the central passage 4 of the main drive, and a speed reducer mounting hole 43 for mounting the speed reducer 41 is formed in the portion of the sealing plate 5, which is located outside the contour line 42 of the central passage 4, so that the plate structure enclosing the central cabin and the structure fixing the speed reducer 41 are integrally arranged, and the processes of processing parts in the production process of the main drive are reduced. Of course, on the premise of meeting the requirement of the axial dimension of the central cabin, the rear end of the part of the driving box body, which encloses the central channel 4, can also be positioned in front of the speed reducer.

In other embodiments, can also be equivalent to the radial dimension of main drive's central channel for the radial dimension with the shrouding design, so set up the shrouding in main drive's central channel to connect the strengthening rib between shrouding rear side face and main drive central channel's inner wall, certainly, can not set up the strengthening rib under the prerequisite that central cabin has qualified compressive strength can be guaranteed to shrouding self structural strength. In other embodiments, the sealing plate may be fixed to the rear end of the main drive central passage wall by bolts.

According to the invention, the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 is utilized, the sealing plate 2 and the central channel wall body of the main drive 2 are matched to enclose the central cabin, and the central cabin is integrated on the main drive, so that the radial dimension of the radial corresponding position of the central cabin is the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2, and on the basis of the radial dimension, the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 can be as small as possible on the premise of ensuring that the radial dimension of the central cabin is qualified. With this concept, any fixing structure that can fix the sealing plate to the rear end of the center passage wall body 22 can be adopted for the specific fixing structure of the sealing plate 5 on the center passage wall body of the main drive 2.

The material transferring method of the heading machine is described by taking the cutter transferring to the cutter disc 3 as an example, specifically, the cutter disc 3 is rotated to enable the cutter installing position needing to replace the cutter to be in a six o' clock position and then stop, at the moment, the corresponding hoisting tool installing structure is positioned right above the cutter installing position 44, the cutter barrel assembly 37 and the tool are transported to the tail end of the in-tunnel hoisting unit 14 by using the first in-tunnel transportation unit 13, then the cutter barrel assembly 37 is hoisted forwards by using the in-tunnel hoisting unit 14, the cutter barrel assembly 37 is continuously and forwards transported by the in-tunnel transportation unit 15 after being hoisted to the position of the in-tunnel transportation unit 15, the cutter barrel assembly 37 is hoisted into the shield body 1 by the in-shield body hoisting unit 16 after being transported to the position of the in-shield body hoisting unit 16, the cutter barrel assembly 37 is hoisted to the middle of the shield body 1 by the arranged arc-shaped rail 34, then place the material on material transport trolley 18, utilize location structure on the material transport trolley and the frock location fit in the sword section of thick bamboo subassembly 37 outside, inject the ascending inclination in the left and right sides of sword section of thick bamboo subassembly 37, transport the sword section of thick bamboo subassembly 37 to the tool magazine 7 along shield inner rail 17 by the material transport trolley, will lift by crane calabash 38 and fix on dress cutting board 6 and lift by crane sword section of thick bamboo subassembly 37 with the frock cooperation, then move away the material transport trolley 18 backward, dismantle cantilever section 20, lower sword section of thick bamboo subassembly 37 to the installation position, carry out follow-up installation. Of course, in other embodiments, the hoisting ring 32 is not arranged at the rear side of the knife panel 6, and other fixed structures in the knife bin are used for installing the hoisting hoist.

Because the material channel 8 is positioned under the central rotary joint mounting hole 10 and the bottom of the material channel is positioned at the bottom of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2, the height size of the material channel is ensured to be as large as possible, the passing of materials is facilitated, the motion track of the material transfer trolley 18 directly passes through the lower part of the cross beam 12, and the materials can be directly conveyed to the position of the cutter head 3 from the lower side of the cross beam 12. In this embodiment, the diameter of the heading machine is seven meters, and correspondingly, the diameter of the central passage 4 is two meters. The material transfer system enables the development machine to be miniaturized and is naturally applicable to development machines with large diameters, namely, the development machine can also be a large-size development machine.

In the embodiment, the heading machine is described by taking a lifting tool as a lifting hoist as an example, and in other embodiments, the lifting tool can be any miniaturized lifting tool which can be installed on a cutter head to lift materials, such as a lifting gear set capable of lifting materials in a labor-saving manner.

The specific embodiment 2 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the cross beam at the rear side of the cutter head is a splayed beam, in this embodiment, the cross beam is any structure capable of being connected in front of the rotating parts of the cutter head and the central rotary joint so that the cutter head can drive the rotating parts of the central rotary joint, if the cross beam is a straight beam, two ends of the straight beam are connected with the cutter head through connecting arms extending in the front-back direction, and the middle of the straight beam is connected with the rotating parts of the central rotary joint through connecting arms extending in the front-back direction.

The specific embodiment 3 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the motion path of the material transfer trolley passes through the bottom of the main driving center cabin, and in this embodiment, the material channel is arranged at the side of the installation hole of the rotation center, so that the motion path of the material transfer trolley passes through the side of the center channel. Of course, in other embodiments, the material passage may be arranged above the central rotary joint mounting hole, so that the movement path of the material transfer trolley passes through the middle upper part of the central passage and carries the material to pass through the cross beam.

The specific embodiment 4 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the carrier of the carrying mechanism is a material transfer trolley, and the attachment is a shield inner rail, in this embodiment, the carrier is a carrying platform installed in the shield through a telescopic installation structure, the telescopic installation structure constitutes the attachment, and the carrying platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material passage door through the telescopic installation structure, so that the carrying mechanism is ensured not to affect the opening and closing of the material passage door. The telescopic mounting structure may be a plurality of telescopic joints, or the plummer itself may be telescopic relative to the attachment. The bearing table can extend into the tool bin. Of course, the plummer can also extend to the position of the knife compartment but not extend into the knife compartment, at the moment, a hoisting block can be arranged in the knife compartment to be connected with the material, and then the material is swung into the knife compartment.

The specific embodiment 5 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in example 1, the carrier of the carrying mechanism is a material transfer trolley, and the attachment is a rail, in this example, the attachment of the carrying mechanism is a chute extending from the outside of the center cabin to the cutter head, and the carrier is a hoisting tray attached to the chute. The sliding rope can be connected into the knife cabin to directly convey the materials into the knife cabin. Naturally, the sliding rope can also be connected outside the cutter bin, the material is conveyed to the position where the cutter head is but outside the cutter bin, at the moment, the lifting hoist can be arranged in the cutter bin to be connected with the material, and then the material is swung into the cutter bin.

The specific embodiment 6 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, in the shield track front end extended to the sword storehouse for the material is transported the dolly and can be sent the material to the sword storehouse in, in this implementation, the track front end extended blade disc position department and was located outside the sword storehouse in the shield, and the part that the dolly is transported to the material is used for bearing the weight of the material can be for the shield track forward overhang to the sword storehouse in, makes the material transport dolly can transport the material to the sword storehouse in, and carrying mechanism can not influence the operation of blade disc. The front end of the inner rail of the shield can be arranged on the rear side of the cross beam, so that the inner rail of the shield cannot influence the rotation of the cross beam.

The specific embodiment 7 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the track passes from the rotation region of crossbeam in the shield, and what correspond, with one section design of track foremost in the shield as detachable cantilever section, and the structure that basic section and cantilever section are connected is located the crossbeam rear, and in this embodiment, the track passes through from the below or the top of the rotation region of crossbeam in the shield for the track can not take place to interfere with pivoted crossbeam in the shield, and based on this, the structure that basic section and cantilever section are connected can not be located the crossbeam rear.

The specific embodiment 8 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the carrying mechanism directly transports the material to the knife compartment, and in this embodiment, the carrying mechanism does not transport the material to the knife compartment with the position of the cutter head, and specifically, the inner rail of the shield passes through the lower part of the rotation area of the cross beam but does not extend into the knife compartment, and at this time, the front end of the inner rail of the shield does not need to be designed into a detachable cantilever section. Of course, the inner rail of the shield may pass through the rotation area of the cross beam, and in this case, the connecting structure of the cantilever section and the base section is disposed at the rear side of the cross beam.

The specific embodiment 9 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the cantilever section and the base section are directly detachably connected in a butt joint manner, in this embodiment, the cantilever section and the base section are assembled in a telescopic manner, and the retraction amount of the cantilever section in the base section can ensure that the cantilever section can be retracted to the rear side of the beam as a whole. Of course, in other embodiments, the cantilever segment may be provided with a connecting structure detachably connected with a fixture near the base segment, such as a cutter head, so as to realize the butt joint of the cantilever segment and the base segment.

The specific embodiment 10 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the part demountable installation that track and material access door correspond in the shield is internal at the shield, make the track can not lead to the fact the influence to opening and shutting of material access door in the shield, in this embodiment, track and material access door complex part are fixed in the shield, for guaranteeing the switch that material access door can be normal, the track design is single track in the shield, meanwhile, with material access door design for opening the door, the groove of dodging with the track shape adaptation in the shield is seted up to the position that two pairs of opening doors are involutory, two material access doors press from both sides tight shield track and realize sealed cooperation when the material access door closes the back. Of course, in other embodiments, the rail surfaces of the inner rails may be flush with the lower edge of the material access door.

The specific embodiment 11 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the changeover portion is installed internal at the shield through the removable mounting structure of grafting form, and in this embodiment, removable mounting structure sets up the fixed orifices including setting up the otic placode of extending about on the track on the otic placode, corresponds and sets up the fixing base in the shield is internal, sets up the fixed orifices mating holes on the fixing base, fixes the changeover portion detachably at the shield internal through bolt and nut subassembly and fixed orifices mating holes cooperation.

The specific embodiment 12 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the locking structure at the rear end of the inner shield rail is a pin joint locking structure, in this embodiment, the locking structure at the rear end of the inner shield rail is a stopper detachably mounted on the inner shield rail, and when the material transfer trolley needs to be locked, the stopper is mounted on the rail and is in stop fit with the wheels of the material transfer trolley.

The specific embodiment 13 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the positioning structure on the material transfer trolley is an inclined plane, in this embodiment, the positioning structure is protrusions arranged side by side on the front end face of the tray, and a vertical plane where the foremost end of the protrusions arranged side by side is an inclined plane inclined in the front-rear direction.

The specific embodiment 14 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring, and in this embodiment, the lifting tool mounting structure is a hook.

The specific embodiment 15 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the tool loading area and the corresponding hoisting tool mounting structure are distributed on two sides of the center of the cutter head, and in this embodiment, the tool loading area and the corresponding hoisting tool mounting structure are distributed on the same side of the center of the cutter head.

The specific embodiment 16 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, a lifting tool mounting structure group is provided for the tool loading area, and in this embodiment, one lifting tool mounting structure is provided for the tool loading area.

The specific embodiment 17 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the circumferential inner wall of the central cabin is formed by the inner wall of the main driving inner ring, and in the embodiment, a sealing plate which is convex backwards in the center and the inner cavity of which directly forms the central cabin is fixed at the rear end of the main driving inner ring.

The specific embodiment 18 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the sealing plate is a flat plate, and in the embodiment, the sealing plate is a curved plate with a middle part recessed into the central channel. Of course, in other embodiments, the sealing plate may also be a curved plate with a middle portion protruding backward.

The specific embodiment 19 of the heading machine provided by the invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in embodiment 1, a structure and a material transfer method of the heading machine are described by taking the heading machine as a normal-pressure cutterhead slurry heading machine as an example, in the embodiment, the heading machine is an earth pressure/open type heading machine, specifically, a fixed partition plate is fixed at the front end of an inner ring of a main drive to block a central channel of the main drive and enclose an earth bin, and a material channel is arranged on the fixed partition plate. The carrying mechanism carries the materials into the soil bin. Of course, in other embodiments, the heading machine is any other heading machine capable of providing the material transfer system described above.

In the embodiment of the method for transporting the material of the heading machine, the method for transporting the material of the heading machine is the same as the method for transporting the material in any one of the embodiments 1 to 19 of the heading machine, and the detailed description is omitted.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without inventive effort, or some technical features of the present invention may be substituted with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a heading machine, includes the shield body (1), is provided with main drive (2) in the shield body (1), is provided with blade disc (3) on main drive (2), and blade disc (3) rear portion is provided with crossbeam (12) of being connected with the rotating part of central rotary joint (11), heading machine still includes material transfer system, and material transfer system is used for carrying out the carrying mechanism that the material was transported between shield body (1) afterbody and blade disc (3) including setting up in shield body (1), characterized by, carrying mechanism is including the supporting body that is used for bearing the weight of the material and supplying the adnexed body of supporting body, and the supporting body transports the height distance between the in-process of material and the adnexed body unchangeably, and the motion path of supporting body passes through from center channel (4) of main drive (2) to directly cross crossbeam (12) and extend to blade disc (3) position.

2. The heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the carrying mechanism comprises an inner shield track (17) and a material transfer trolley (18) cooperating with the inner shield track (17), the carrying body is constituted by the material transfer trolley (18), and the attachment is constituted by the inner shield track (17).

3. The heading machine according to claim 2, wherein the inner shield track (17) is of a split structure which is split in the front-rear direction, the front end of the inner shield track is a cantilever section (20) which extends into a cutter bin (7) of a normal pressure type cutter head or a soil bin at the rear side of the normal pressure type cutter head, the rear side of the cantilever section (20) is a base section (19) which is positioned outside the cutter bin (7) or the soil bin, and the cantilever section (20) and the base section (19) are detachably connected in a butt joint manner or are assembled on the base section (19) in a telescopic manner or are detachably connected on a fixture near the base section (19) in a butt joint manner with the base section (19), so that the cantilever section (20) can be moved out of the cutter bin (7) or the soil bin;

or, track (17) extend to blade disc (3) rear side in the shield, the part that the material transport dolly (18) is used for bearing the weight of the material can hang forward for track (17) in the shield in to the sword storehouse (7) of atmospheric pressure formula blade disc or in the soil storehouse of extreme pressure formula blade disc rear side.

4. The heading machine according to claim 3, wherein the shield inner rail (17) is a split structure split in the front-rear direction, the position where the cantilever section (20) is butted with the base section (19) and the base section (19) is butted with the cantilever section (20) is located at the rear side of the beam (12), or the cantilever section (20) is telescopically assembled on the base section (19) and the retraction amount of the cantilever section (20) on the base section (19) can ensure that the whole body can be retracted to the rear side of the beam (12);

or, track (17) extend to in the shield crossbeam (12) rear side, the part that the material transport dolly (18) is used for bearing the weight of the material can be for in shield track (17) forward overhang to sword storehouse (7) or the extreme pressure formula blade disc (3) rear side soil storehouse of normal pressure formula blade disc (3) in.

5. The heading machine according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the boom section (20) is detachably connected to the base section (19) in a butt joint manner, and the boom section (20) is fixed with a diagonal brace (21) which is backwards matched with a nearby fixture support.

6. The heading machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the cutterhead (3) is a normal pressure type cutterhead, the shield inner track (17) passes through a material passage door at the central passage (4) of the main drive (2), the shield inner track (17) comprises an outer door section (22) arranged at the outer side of the material passage door, an inner door section (23) arranged at the inner side of the material passage door and a transition section (24) for connecting the outer door section (22) with the inner door section (23), the transition section (24) is installed in the shield body (1) through a detachable installation structure, and the length of the transition section (24) is such that the space given out by the transition section after detachment can enable the material passage door to be opened and closed normally.

7. The heading machine according to claim 6, wherein the detachable mounting structure comprises a plug-in structure on the transition section (24) and a plug-in mating structure in the shield body (1) of the heading machine, and the transition section (24) is mounted in the shield body (1) in a plug-in mating manner in the vertical direction through the plug-in structure and the plug-in mating structure.

8. The heading machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the rear end of the inner shield track (17) has a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from automatically sliding forward.

9. The heading machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the front end of the inner shield rail (17) has a stopper structure for stopping the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from coming out of the front end of the inner shield rail (17).

10. A heading machine according to claim 1, wherein the carrying mechanism comprises a telescopic mounting structure and a carrier mounted in the shield body (1) by the telescopic mounting structure, the carrier being retractable to the rear side of the door of the material passage (8) by the telescopic mounting structure, the carrier constituting the carrier, the telescopic mounting structure constituting the attachment.

11. A heading machine according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 10 wherein the path of movement of the carrier passes from the bottom of the central channel (4) of the main drive (2).

12. The heading machine of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 10, wherein the carrier has a material tray for supporting the material, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure for limiting and matching with the material package or the material to limit the posture of the material in the left-right direction.

13. The heading machine of claim 12, wherein the positioning structure is a positioning ramp.

14. The heading machine of claim 12, wherein the positioning structure includes a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, the left and right positioning structures being arranged in bilateral symmetry.

15. The heading machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 10, wherein a cutter mounting position (44) for mounting a cutter is arranged on a cutter mounting panel (6) of the cutter head (3), a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed on the rear side of the cutter mounting panel (6), when the cutter head of the heading machine stops to mount the cutter mounting position (44), the lifting tool mounting structure is positioned above the cutter mounting position (44), and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the cutter mounting position (44) meets the requirements of arrangement and lifting distance of the lifting tool.

16. The heading machine according to claim 15, wherein the cutter loading panel (6) is provided with a cutter loading area (39), at least two cutter loading positions (44) are arranged in parallel in the cutter loading area (39) along the radial direction of the cutter head (3), the lifting tool mounting structure is arranged corresponding to the cutter loading area (39), and the lifting tool mounting structure corresponding to the cutter loading area (39) is arranged on one side of the cutter loading area (39) close to the center of the cutter head (3) along the radial direction of the cutter head (3).

17. The heading machine according to claim 16, wherein there are at least two of the cutter loading regions (39), each of the cutter loading regions (39) is arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutter head (3), the hoisting tool mounting structure corresponding to each of the cutter loading regions (39) is located on a circle centered on the center of the cutter head (3), and the circle on which the hoisting tool mounting structure is located between the cutter loading region (39) and the center of the cutter head (3).

18. A heading machine according to claim 16, wherein the cutter loading area (39) and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on either side of the centre of the cutterhead (3).

19. A heading machine according to claim 16 wherein there is at least one set of lifting tool mounting structures for each tool mounting region (39), the set of lifting tool mounting structures comprising two of said lifting tool mounting structures, the two lifting tool mounting structures being arranged in positional relationship to the tool mounting location (44) in the corresponding tool mounting region at the three vertices of a triangle.

20. A heading machine according to claim 15, wherein the lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring (32) secured to the cutting face plate (6) by a securing structure.

21. A heading machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 10, wherein the main drive (2) comprises a drive casing having a central passage (4) extending through the drive casing, the main drive (2) further comprises a drive unit fixed relative to the drive casing, the drive unit is adapted to drive the cutter head (3) to rotate, a sealing plate (5) is sealingly connected to a rear end of a portion of the drive casing surrounding the central passage (4), the sealing plate (5) seals a rear end of the central passage (4) to surround the central chamber, and a central rotary joint mounting hole (10) for mounting a central rotary joint (11) is formed in a central portion of the sealing plate (5).

22. A heading machine according to claim 21, wherein the sealing plate (5) is located at the speed reducer (41) of the drive means, the diameter of the sealing plate (5) is greater than the diameter of the central passage (4) and the sealing plate (5) is provided with speed reducer mounting holes (43) for mounting the speed reducer (41).

23. A heading machine according to claim 21, wherein the sealing plate (5) is a flat plate or a curved plate with a central portion recessed into the central passage (4).

24. A heading machine according to claim 23, wherein the sealing plate (5) is secured to the portion of the drive casing surrounding the central passage (4) by a welded connection.

25. A heading machine according to claim 24, wherein the closure plates (5) are flat plates and wherein reinforcing ribs are fixedly attached between the edges of the closure plates (5) in the flat plate configuration and the inner wall of the central passage (4).

26. A heading machine according to claim 25 wherein the reinforcing bars are connected to the inner face of the closure plate (5).

27. A material transferring method of a heading machine is characterized in that materials are carried to a cutter head (3) by a bearing body which is arranged in a shield body (1) and can move to the position of the cutter head (3), the material transferring method is characterized in that the materials are placed on the bearing body outside a central channel (4) of a main drive (2), the bearing body crosses a cross beam (12) on the rear side of the cutter head (3) along a set path to transfer the materials to the position of the cutter head (3), the height of the attachment where the bearing body is located is unchanged in the process that the bearing body transfers the materials, then the transferred materials are placed at corresponding installation positions, the cutter head (3) of the heading machine is stopped to the set position before transferring, and the cross beam (12) on the rear side of the cutter head (3) is prevented from interfering with the bearing body and the materials.

28. The method for transferring the materials of the heading machine according to claim 27, wherein the moving path of the supporting body extends to the position where the materials are lifted at the cutter head (3), when the materials are placed, the materials are firstly lifted from the supporting body in the cutter bin (7) or the soil bin at the rear side of the cutter head (3), then the supporting body and the attachment body are removed, and then the materials are put down to the corresponding installation position.

29. The material transfer method of the heading machine according to claim 27, wherein a fixed structure is selected on a cutter mounting panel (6) of the cutter head (3) for mounting cutters or a hoisting tool is mounted in a chamber behind the cutter mounting panel (6) or a hoisting tool mounting structure is arranged to mount a hoisting tool for hoisting the material.