CN114193242A - Polishing method based on self-excited oscillation and force-flow deformation composite effect of polishing solution - Google Patents
Polishing method based on self-excited oscillation and force-flow deformation composite effect of polishing solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN114193242A CN114193242A CN202111575419.6A CN202111575419A CN114193242A CN 114193242 A CN114193242 A CN 114193242A CN 202111575419 A CN202111575419 A CN 202111575419A CN 114193242 A CN114193242 A CN 114193242A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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Abstract
The polishing method is used for polishing the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and during polishing, the force rheological polishing liquid flows through the pipe, the rheological effect is generated due to the shearing action, a flexible grinding tool is formed at the interface of the force rheological polishing liquid and a workpiece, and materials are removed from the inner wall of the pipe fitting; during polishing, after the rheo-polishing liquid in the liquid supply pipeline is raised to high pressure, the rheo-polishing liquid is made to produce self-oscillation via the self-oscillation device and enter the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece has periodic speed and pressure fluctuation and vibration to strengthen the rheo-polishing liquid. The method can realize the efficient polishing processing of the inner wall of the pipe fitting and obtain the workpiece with low surface roughness and low/no surface damage or subsurface damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ultra-precision machining, and relates to a polishing method based on a polishing liquid self-oscillation and force-rheology composite effect, which can realize ultra-precision machining of the inner wall of a pipe fitting with a large length-diameter ratio.
Background
The polishing technology is a main finishing means for reducing the surface roughness, removing a damaged layer and obtaining a smooth and damaged surface, and is always the most important method for ultra-precision machining. Among various surface polishing methods, it is generally difficult to polish the inner surface of a workpiece, and particularly, for the inner surface of a pipe having a relatively large major diameter, it is difficult to completely enter a polishing tool, precisely polish the pipe, and achieve uniformity of surface polishing.
The abrasive flow polishing mode requires a complex abrasive flow pushing system; the electrolyte is used for polishing, and the electrolyte is easy to cause adverse effects on the environment; magnetic field assisted polishing requires complex magnetic field assisted equipment and high cost processing media; abrasive water jet polishing, the directionality of which makes it difficult to uniformly wash every part of the surface; ultrasonic abrasive flow polishing needs to restrict the independent loading of an ultrasonic excitation device in a flow passage.
The polishing process is a novel polishing process proposed in recent years, and is a polishing process which utilizes non-Newtonian fluid with a polishing hydraulic rheological effect as base liquid, wherein abrasive particles are added to prepare polishing liquid, the polishing liquid and a workpiece move relatively during polishing, a shear thickening flexible grinding tool is formed under the action of shear, and the surface material of the workpiece is removed under the action of speed and load. However, the mechanical rheological polishing solution is difficult to generate a strong mechanical rheological effect at the interface between the polishing solution and the pipe wall, and at present, the high-efficiency mechanical rheological polishing of the pipe wall cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the conventional force rheological polishing technology, the invention provides a polishing method based on the self-oscillation and force rheological composite effect of polishing solution, which can realize high-efficiency polishing processing on the inner wall of a pipe fitting and obtain a workpiece with low surface roughness and low/no surface damage or subsurface damage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the polishing method is used for polishing the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and during polishing, the force rheological polishing liquid flows through the pipe, the rheological effect is generated due to the shearing action, a flexible grinding tool is formed at the interface of the force rheological polishing liquid and a workpiece, and materials are removed from the inner wall of the pipe fitting; during polishing, after the rheo-polishing liquid in the liquid supply pipeline is raised to high pressure, the rheo-polishing liquid is made to produce self-oscillation via the self-oscillation device and enter the workpiece to be processed, so that the inner surface of the workpiece has periodical speed and pressure fluctuation and the rheo-effect of the rheo-polishing liquid is strengthened by applying vibration.
Furthermore, in the mechanical rheological polishing solution, the shear thickening base solution can account for 20 wt% -30 wt%, the polishing abrasive particles can account for 10 wt% -20 wt%, and the balance is water or oil.
Further, the polishing abrasive particles may be Al2O3Cerium oxide, CBN, diamond, SiO2And SiC particles.
Further, during polishing, the workpiece can be arranged in the workpiece fixture, one end of the workpiece fixture is connected with an outlet of the self-oscillation device, and the other end of the workpiece fixture is connected with the polishing liquid barrel through a pipeline, so that the polishing liquid flowing out of the self-oscillation device polishes the inside of the workpiece and then flows to the polishing liquid barrel to be recycled.
Further, the work holder may be connected to a vibrator to apply vibration thereto during polishing.
Further, during polishing, a high-pressure liquid supply system can be adopted to supply liquid for the self-oscillation device; the high-pressure liquid supply system comprises a gas-liquid booster pump, a diaphragm pump and an air compressor; an inlet of the self-oscillation device is connected with a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump is connected with a liquid outlet of the diaphragm pump through a pipeline, and a liquid inlet of the diaphragm pump is connected with the polishing liquid barrel through a pipeline; and the air compressor is respectively connected with the air inlets of the gas-liquid booster pump and the diaphragm pump.
Further, during polishing, a filter may be provided on a pipe connecting the diaphragm pump and the polishing liquid barrel. Thereby preventing the impurities in the polishing solution from wearing the related components.
Furthermore, during polishing, an energy accumulator, a pressure gauge and a pressure reducing valve can be sequentially arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas-liquid booster pump and the self-oscillation device.
Further, during polishing, a pipeline between the energy accumulator and the pressure reducing valve can be connected with the polishing solution barrel through a pipeline with a needle valve.
Further, during polishing, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump are respectively provided with a one-way valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method comprises the steps of raising the pressure rheological polishing solution to high pressure, generating a self-oscillation phenomenon through a self-oscillation device, generating strong periodic fluctuation of speed and pressure on the inner surface of a workpiece to be processed, increasing the transportation distance of the polishing solution through the self-oscillation effect, keeping certain pressure and speed in a longer distance, enabling the polishing solution to become a pulse jet flow, increasing the instantaneous load of the polishing area of the polishing solution and the workpiece, and meanwhile, enhancing the rheological effect of the polishing solution through applying vibration, so that the utilization efficiency of polishing abrasive particles is improved, the material removal efficiency is improved, and the high-efficiency polishing of the inner wall of a pipe fitting with a large length-diameter ratio is realized;
2) the self-oscillation polishing based on the composite effect of self-oscillation of polishing solution and force rheology is flexible polishing of workpieces, and can obtain workpieces with low surface roughness and low/no surface damage or subsurface damage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a polishing apparatus for carrying out the polishing method of the present invention in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a self-oscillation generating device;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of self-oscillating outlet velocity pressure change.
In the drawings are labeled: the polishing machine comprises a polishing solution barrel 1, a filter 2, a diaphragm pump 3, a check valve 4, a gas-liquid booster pump 5, an energy accumulator 6, a pressure gauge 7, a pressure reducing valve 8, a self-oscillation generating device 9, a workpiece clamp 10, a needle valve 11, an air compressor 12, polishing solution 13 and a motor 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the following examples, the details which are not described in detail are all common knowledge in the art.
The polishing method is used for polishing the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and during polishing, force rheological polishing liquid flows through the pipe, rheological effect is generated due to shearing action, a flexible grinding tool is formed at the interface of the force rheological polishing liquid and a workpiece, and materials are removed from the inner wall of the pipe fitting; during polishing, after the rheo-polishing liquid in the liquid supply pipeline is raised to high pressure, the rheo-polishing liquid is made to produce self-oscillation via the self-oscillation device and enter the workpiece to be processed, so that the inner surface of the workpiece has periodical speed and pressure fluctuation and the rheo-effect of the rheo-polishing liquid is strengthened by applying vibration.
When the polishing method is implemented, in the mechanical rheological polishing solution, the shear thickening base solution can account for 20 wt% -30 wt%, the polishing abrasive particles can account for 10 wt% -20 wt%, and the balance is water. The polishing abrasive particles may be Al2O3Cerium oxide, CBN, diamond, SiO2And SiC particles. Of course, the formula of the polishing solution is not limited thereto, and the rheo-polishing solution with the rheo-effect can be configured according to the material of the workpiece and the processing requirements.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the polishing method of the present invention can be carried out in a polishing apparatus as shown in fig. 1. The polishing device comprises a polishing solution barrel 1, a self-oscillation device 9, a workpiece clamp 10 and a high-pressure liquid supply system.
In the polishing device, the high-pressure liquid supply system comprises a gas-liquid booster pump 5, a diaphragm pump 3 and an air compressor 12; an inlet of the self-oscillation device 9 is connected with a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 is connected with a liquid outlet of the diaphragm pump 3 through a pipeline, and a liquid inlet of the diaphragm pump 3 is connected with the polishing liquid barrel 1 through a pipeline; and the air compressor 12 is respectively connected with the air inlets of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 and the diaphragm pump 3. During polishing, the high-pressure liquid supply system inputs high-pressure polishing liquid into the self-oscillation device 9 to generate self-oscillation, the polishing liquid enters a workpiece, and strong periodic fluctuation of speed and pressure appears on the inner surface of the workpiece to be processed.
In the polishing device, one end of a workpiece clamp 10 is connected with an outlet of a self-oscillation device 9, and the other end of the workpiece clamp is connected with a polishing solution barrel 1 through a pipeline. During polishing, a workpiece is arranged in the workpiece clamp 10, and polishing liquid flowing out of the self-oscillation device 9 polishes the inside of the workpiece and then flows to the polishing liquid barrel 1 for recycling.
In the polishing apparatus, the work holder 10 is connected to a vibrator, and vibration is applied by the vibrator (which may be an ultrasonic vibrator), so that the rheological effect of the rheological polishing liquid is enhanced.
In the polishing device, a filter 2 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the diaphragm pump 3 and the polishing solution barrel 1. During polishing, the mechanical rheological polishing liquid is filtered by the filter 2 and then enters the diaphragm pump 3 to prevent impurities from wearing related elements.
In the polishing device, an energy accumulator 6, a pressure gauge 7 and a pressure reducing valve 8 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connecting a gas-liquid booster pump 5 and a self-oscillation device 9. During polishing, a stable pressure is obtained by the accumulator 6 and the pressure reducing valve 8. The pressure gauge 7 can visually display the pressure value of the polishing solution.
In the polishing device, a pipeline between the energy accumulator 6 and the pressure reducing valve 8 is connected with the polishing solution barrel 1 through a pipeline with a needle valve 11. And (4) after polishing is finished, removing high pressure, and introducing the polishing solution into the polishing solution barrel 1 for recycling.
In the polishing device, in order to prevent the high-pressure polishing solution from flowing reversely, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 are both provided with the check valves 4.
In the polishing device, the workpiece holder 10 is further connected to a reciprocating mechanism, and can reciprocate under the driving of the motor 14 to intensify the oscillation of the polishing solution in the workpiece.
Among the above-mentioned burnishing device, be equipped with agitating unit in the polishing solution bucket 1, conveniently prepare the polishing solution promptly, also can stir the polishing solution in the polishing process, make the grit evenly disperse all the time in the power rheology polishing solution.
Example (b):
the invention is used for processing workpieces on the surface of a length-diameter ratio pipeline, and the embodiment is realized by using the polishing device shown in FIG. 1, and the processing steps are as follows:
1) installing a workpiece in a workpiece clamp 10, connecting the workpiece clamp 10 with an outlet of a self-oscillation device 9, connecting the other end of the workpiece clamp 10 with a polishing solution barrel 1 through a high-pressure pipe, and connecting the workpiece clamp 10 with a motor 14 through a reciprocating mechanism;
2) preparing a mechanical rheological polishing solution with shear thickening characteristics, and placing the polishing solution into a polishing solution barrel 1;
3) the diaphragm pump 3 is connected with the polishing solution barrel 1 through a common water pipe, and a filter 2 is arranged between the diaphragm pump and the polishing solution barrel to prevent impurities from wearing the whole system;
4) the gas inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 is connected with compressed air generated by an air compressor 12; a liquid inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 is connected with an outlet of the diaphragm pump 3, a check valve 4 is added at a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 for preventing high-pressure liquid from flowing back, and a high-pressure outlet is connected with an energy accumulator 6 and a pressure reducing valve 8 to obtain stable high-pressure polishing liquid;
5) starting an air compressor 12 and a diaphragm pump 3 (the diaphragm pump 3 provides initial pressure of polishing solution), obtaining stable high-pressure polishing solution by the action of a low-pressure polishing solution with shear thickening action under the action of a gas-liquid booster pump 5 (the pressure of a gas inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 is not lower than 0.7MPa, the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump 5 is not lower than 0.2MPa), an energy storage 6 and a pressure reducing valve 8, enabling the high-pressure polishing solution to enter a self-oscillation generating device 9 through a high-pressure pipe, converting pressure energy into kinetic energy, generating a self-oscillation phenomenon under the action of a cavity structure, generating periodic pressure and speed fluctuation on the surface of a workpiece, conveying the polishing solution into the workpiece through a pipeline with a certain distance, greatly enhancing the force rheological effect of the polishing solution under the action of an ultrasonic vibrator, driving the workpiece to swing in a reciprocating manner through a motor 14, and intensifying the oscillation of the polishing solution inside the workpiece, the polishing solution and the workpiece are efficiently polished, and the shear thickening-self-oscillation composite polishing is realized.
In this example, a fluid having a shear thickening effect was prepared using a polyhydroxyaldehyde polymer as a dispersed phase and a silicone oil as a dispersion medium, whereinAdding Al with the grain size of 3000#2O3And grinding the particles, and uniformly stirring to prepare the mechanical rheological polishing solution. The workpiece is made of 304 stainless steel tube material with the diameter of 10mm and the length of 100 mm. The pressure of the outlet of the polishing solution from the pressure reducing valve 8 is 5MPa, and the polishing time is 5 hours; the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 8 is connected with a self-oscillation device 9 through a pipeline, the surface of the inner wall of the polished workpiece is smooth and bright, the mirror surface effect is obvious, and the uniform polishing of the surface of the inner wall of the pipe fitting is realized.
Comparative example: different from the embodiment, in the comparative example, the self-oscillation device 9 is not arranged, the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 8 is directly connected with the inlet of the workpiece clamp 10, the trace of the polished workpiece, abrasive particles, cutting the rough peak of the inner wall surface of the workpiece along the flow direction of the polishing solution is obvious, the surface presents unidirectional texture, and the mirror surface effect is not achieved.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the term "polishing liquid" refers to a mechanical rheological polishing liquid, which can generate mechanical rheological effect under the action of shear; the 'workpieces' are all pipe fittings; the rheological effect refers to the force rheological effect of the polishing solution.
The above general description of the invention and the description of its specific embodiments (including examples) as referred to in this application should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the invention. Those skilled in the art can add, reduce or combine the technical features disclosed in the general description and/or the specific embodiments (including the examples) to form other technical solutions within the protection scope of the present application according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the structural elements of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polishing method based on the self-excited oscillation and force-flow deformation composite effect of the polishing solution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the polishing method is used for polishing the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and during polishing, force rheological polishing liquid flows through the pipe, rheological effect is generated due to shearing action, a flexible grinding tool is formed at the interface of the force rheological polishing liquid and a workpiece, and materials are removed from the inner wall of the pipe fitting;
during polishing, after the rheo-polishing liquid in the liquid supply pipeline is raised to high pressure, the rheo-polishing liquid is made to produce self-oscillation via the self-oscillation device and enter the workpiece to be processed, so that the inner surface of the workpiece has periodical speed and pressure fluctuation and the rheo-effect of the rheo-polishing liquid is strengthened by applying vibration.
2. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the mechanical rheological polishing solution, the shear thickening base solution accounts for 20-30 wt%, the polishing abrasive particles account for 10-20 wt%, and the balance is water or oil.
3. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the polishing abrasive particles are Al2O3Cerium oxide, CBN, diamond, SiO2And SiC particles.
4. A polishing method based on a composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of a polishing liquid as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: during polishing, a workpiece is arranged in the workpiece fixture, one end of the workpiece fixture is connected with an outlet of the self-oscillation device, and the other end of the workpiece fixture is connected with the polishing liquid barrel through a pipeline, so that the polishing liquid flowing out of the self-oscillation device polishes the inside of the workpiece and then flows to the polishing liquid barrel to be recycled.
5. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as set forth in claim 4, wherein: during polishing, the workpiece clamp is connected with the vibrator, and vibration is applied through the vibrator.
6. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as set forth in claim 4, wherein: during polishing, a high-pressure liquid supply system is adopted to supply liquid to the self-oscillation device; the high-pressure liquid supply system comprises a gas-liquid booster pump, a diaphragm pump and an air compressor; an inlet of the self-oscillation device is connected with a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the gas-liquid booster pump is connected with a liquid outlet of the diaphragm pump through a pipeline, and a liquid inlet of the diaphragm pump is connected with the polishing liquid barrel through a pipeline; and the air compressor is respectively connected with the air inlets of the gas-liquid booster pump and the diaphragm pump.
7. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as recited in claim 6, wherein: during polishing, a filter is arranged on a pipeline connecting the diaphragm pump and the polishing solution barrel.
8. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as recited in claim 6, wherein: during polishing, an energy accumulator, a pressure gauge and a pressure reducing valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connecting the gas-liquid booster pump and the self-oscillation device.
9. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as recited in claim 8, wherein: and during polishing, a pipeline between the energy accumulator and the pressure reducing valve is connected with the polishing solution barrel through a pipeline with a needle valve.
10. The polishing method based on the composite effect of self-oscillation and force-rheology of the polishing solution as recited in claim 6, wherein: during polishing, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid booster pump are respectively provided with a check valve.
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| CN202111575419.6A CN114193242A (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Polishing method based on self-excited oscillation and force-flow deformation composite effect of polishing solution |
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Cited By (1)
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| TWI825820B (en) * | 2022-07-02 | 2023-12-11 | 國立虎尾科技大學 | Structure of a special-shaped microtube inner hole grinding and polishing equipment |
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