CN114191929A - Chemical tail gas treatment process - Google Patents
Chemical tail gas treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114191929A CN114191929A CN202111599051.7A CN202111599051A CN114191929A CN 114191929 A CN114191929 A CN 114191929A CN 202111599051 A CN202111599051 A CN 202111599051A CN 114191929 A CN114191929 A CN 114191929A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/485—Sulfur compounds containing only one sulfur compound other than sulfur oxides or hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8637—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
The application relates to the field of tail gas treatment, and particularly discloses a chemical tail gas treatment process, which comprises the following steps: s1, preprocessing: filtering chemical tail gas to remove solid particles in the tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas; s2, primary water washing: introducing the pretreated tail gas into primary washing equipment for primary washing treatment to obtain a coarse stripping tail gas; s3, adsorption: contacting the rough-removed tail gas with an adsorbent to carry out fine removal to obtain fine-removed tail gas; s4, combustion: introducing the refined tail gas into a combustion furnace, and performing combustion treatment to obtain combustion tail gas; s5, secondary washing: and introducing the combustion tail gas into secondary washing equipment for secondary washing treatment, and discharging. The chemical tail gas treatment process has the effects that the environment is not easily polluted after the tail gas is discharged, and the adverse effect on the human health is not easily caused.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, in particular to a chemical tail gas treatment process.
Background
Chemical waste gas refers to toxic and harmful gas discharged from chemical plants in chemical production. Chemical waste gas often contains many kinds of pollutants, has complex physical and chemical properties and different toxicity, seriously pollutes the environment and influences human health.
According to the existing form of pollutants, chemical waste gas can be divided into particle pollutants and gaseous pollutants, wherein the particle pollutants comprise dust particles, dust, smoke dust, fog dust, coal dust and the like; gaseous contaminants include sulfur-containing compounds, hydrocarbon compounds, nitrogen compounds, and the like. In the related technology, the tail gas is mostly discharged to a high chimney or directly discharged by adding nitrogen gas for emptying, so that the problems of environmental pollution and influence on human health exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a chemical tail gas treatment process in order to solve the problems of environmental pollution and influence on human health after tail gas emission.
The application provides a chemical tail gas treatment process adopts the following technical scheme:
a chemical tail gas treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: filtering chemical tail gas to remove solid particles in the tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas;
s2, primary water washing: introducing the pretreated tail gas into primary washing equipment for primary washing treatment to remove water-soluble components in the pretreated tail gas to obtain coarse-removed tail gas;
s3, adsorption: contacting the rough-removed tail gas with an adsorbent to carry out fine removal to obtain fine-removed tail gas;
s4, combustion: introducing the refined tail gas into a combustion furnace, performing combustion treatment, removing combustible substances in the refined tail gas, and cooling to obtain combustion tail gas;
s5, secondary washing: and introducing the combustion tail gas into secondary washing equipment for secondary washing treatment, and discharging after removing water-soluble components in the combustion tail gas.
By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, the particle pollutants in the chemical tail gas are removed through the filtering treatment in the step S1, and the pretreated tail gas is obtained; then removing nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, part of carbonyl sulfide and part of hydrogen sulfide in the pretreated tail gas through step S2 to obtain crude de-tail gas; the crude removal tail gas, namely the hydrocarbon compound and the rest of carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide enter step S3, and step S3 adsorbs the carbonyl sulfide and the hydrogen sulfide for further removal, so as to obtain refined removal tail gas; finely removing tail gas, namely hydrocarbon compounds and a small amount of sulfides which are not removed yet enter step S4 for combustion treatment to obtain carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, namely combustion tail gas; and immediately, the combustion tail gas enters step S5, secondary water washing treatment is carried out, the combustion tail gas, namely carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, is absorbed and then discharged, the problem of environmental pollution caused by tail gas discharge is solved, and adverse effects on human health are not easily caused.
Preferably, the step S1, the pretreatment further includes a condensation process, and the condensation process includes the following steps: sequentially carrying out primary condensation and secondary condensation on the filtered chemical tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas; the temperature of the primary condensation is 50-60 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary condensation is 30-40 ℃.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carbon disulfide's boiling point is 46.2 ℃, and the temperature of primary condensation is a little higher than carbon disulfide's boiling point, filters behind the solid particle who detach in the chemical industry tail gas, through primary condensation, can fall the temperature of chemical industry tail gas to 50-60 ℃, is close with carbon disulfide's boiling point, rethread secondary condensation afterwards makes the carbon disulfide condensation, retrieves carbon disulfide, realizes the utilization. The gradual passage of two condensations provides buffering time for the condensation of carbon disulfide to raise yield.
Preferably, in the step S2 and the primary washing, the water in the primary washing apparatus is heated to boil, and the catalyst is placed in the primary washing apparatus and placed above the water level.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, heat the water in the washing equipment, heat to the boiling, therefore the water boiling produces vapor, and the carbonyl sulfide contacts with vapor under the effect of catalyst and produces hydrolysis, generates hydrogen sulfide to reduce the kind of pollutant in the tail gas, the subsequent processing of being convenient for.
Preferably, an alkaline neutralizing agent is added into both the primary water washing equipment and the secondary water washing equipment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water after primary washing and secondary washing is acidic, and the alkaline neutralizing agent can neutralize, so that the corrosion of acid liquor to primary washing equipment and secondary washing equipment is reduced.
Preferably, the alkaline neutralizing agent is calcium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide is added into the primary water washing device and the secondary water washing device to obtain a first precipitate and a second precipitate respectively, the primary precipitate is recycled in the step S2 and the primary water washing, and the secondary precipitate is recycled in the step S5 and the secondary water washing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium hydroxide can react with SO in the acid liquor in the primary water washing equipment3 2-And SO4 2-The reaction produces a calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate precipitate, i.e., the first precipitate. And the calcium hydroxide can be neutralized with CO in acid liquor in secondary water washing equipment3 2-、SO3 2-And SO4 2-The reaction produces calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate precipitate, i.e., the second precipitate. Thereby recycling the first sediment and the second sediment and realizing resource utilization.
Preferably, the primary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps: introducing oxygen into the primary water washing equipment, filtering the mixture in the primary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a first reaction precipitate;
the secondary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) filtering the substances in the secondary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a second reaction precipitate;
(2) and placing the second reaction precipitate in an aqueous solution, introducing oxygen and carbon dioxide, filtering, taking a filter cake, drying to obtain a second reaction precipitate A, and heating the filtrate until the filtrate is evaporated to dryness to obtain a second reaction precipitate B.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the primary precipitation recovery treatment, the calcium sulfite can be oxidized into calcium sulfate by oxygen, and the first reaction precipitate is obtained by filtering and taking the filter residue, namely the first reaction precipitate is calcium sulfate. The calcium sulfate can be used for manufacturing cement, can be used as a filler of epoxy resin, and can also be used as a fertilizer to reduce the alkalinity of soil and improve the performance of the soil.
In the secondary precipitation recovery treatment, substances in the secondary water washing equipment are filtered in the step (1), and filter residues are taken to obtain a second reaction precipitate, wherein the second reaction precipitate contains calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate precipitate. And (3) putting the second reaction precipitate into an aqueous solution through the step (2), introducing oxygen and carbon dioxide, oxidizing calcium sulfite into calcium sulfate, generating calcium bicarbonate dissolved in water by calcium carbonate precipitation under the condition of introducing the carbon dioxide, filtering at the moment, and taking a filter cake to obtain the calcium sulfate precipitate, namely a second reaction precipitate A. And then heating the filtrate to dryness, and decomposing the calcium bicarbonate into calcium carbonate, namely a second precipitate B, so as to realize the separation of the calcium sulfate and the calcium carbonate, and facilitate the separate use of the calcium sulfate and the calcium carbonate.
Preferably, the adsorbent comprises activated carbon.
By adopting the technical scheme, the activated carbon has more pore structures, so that the activated carbon has a larger specific surface area, has more active groups, can adsorb hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide, is low in price and effectively saves the cost.
Preferably, the activated carbon is modified by a modifier, and the modifier comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and ferric nitrate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the active carbon after the modification can increase the chemisorption ability of self, along with the increase of hydrogen sulfide adsorption capacity, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are because self is basicity, consequently make the surface of active carbon also be basicity, then can neutralize and get rid of absorbent hydrogen sulfide, make the difficult pore structure who blocks up the active carbon of hydrogen sulfide, increase the adsorption capacity and the breakthrough time of active carbon, improve the adsorption capacity of active carbon.
The ferric nitrate can provide transition metal ions for the surface of the active carbon pore structure, so as to promote the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur and remove the hydrogen sulfide.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the chemical tail gas treatment process, firstly, particle pollutants in the chemical tail gas are removed through the step S1, then, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, partial carbonyl sulfide and partial hydrogen sulfide in the pretreated tail gas are removed through the step S2, and the carbonyl sulfide and the hydrogen sulfide are adsorbed and further removed through the step S3; the hydrocarbon compound and a small amount of sulfide which is not removed yet enter step S4 for combustion treatment to obtain carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, namely combustion tail gas; and immediately, the combustion tail gas enters step S5, secondary water washing treatment is carried out to absorb the combustion tail gas and then the combustion tail gas is discharged, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by tail gas discharge is solved, and the adverse effect on human health is not easily caused.
2. Preferentially adopt step S1, preliminary treatment still includes the condensation processing in this application, through once condensing, can be with the temperature drop of chemical industry tail gas to the temperature that is a little higher than the carbon disulfide boiling point, through secondary condensation again afterwards, make the carbon disulfide condensation, retrieve carbon disulfide, realize the utilization, progressively through twice condensation to improve the yield.
3. In the application, primary precipitation recovery treatment and secondary precipitation recovery treatment are preferably adopted, calcium sulfite can be oxidized into calcium sulfate by oxygen in the primary precipitation recovery treatment, and filter residue is filtered to obtain first reaction precipitate, namely the first reaction precipitate is calcium sulfate; the secondary precipitation recovery treatment can realize the separation of calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate, and is convenient for the independent use of calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the examples of the present application, the drugs used are shown in table 1:
table 1 pharmaceutical products according to embodiments of the present application
Preparation example of modified activated carbon
Preparation example 1
10kg of commercial activated carbon is taken and dipped in 30kg of sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour, and the modified activated carbon is obtained after drying at the temperature of 40 ℃.
Preparation example 2
10kg of commercially available activated carbon is taken and soaked in 30kg of sodium carbonate at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour, and the activated carbon is dried at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified activated carbon.
Preparation example 3
10kg of commercially available activated carbon is taken and soaked in 30kg of ferric nitrate at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour, and the activated carbon is dried at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified activated carbon.
Preparation example 4
10kg of commercial activated carbon is taken and dipped in a mixed solution of 15kg of sodium hydroxide and 15kg of sodium carbonate at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour, and the activated carbon is dried at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified activated carbon.
Preparation example 5
10kg of commercial activated carbon is taken and dipped in a mixed solution of 15kg of sodium hydroxide and 15kg of ferric nitrate at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour and dried at the temperature of 40 ℃, and then the modified activated carbon is obtained.
Preparation example 6
10kg of commercially available activated carbon is taken and soaked in a mixed solution of 15kg of sodium carbonate and 15kg of ferric nitrate at the temperature of 50 ℃, the activated carbon is taken out after 1 hour, and the activated carbon is dried at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified activated carbon.
Preparation example 7
10kg of commercially available activated carbon was immersed in a mixed solution of 10kg of sodium hydroxide, 10kg of sodium carbonate and 10kg of ferric nitrate at 50 ℃ for 1 hour, and then the activated carbon was taken out and dried at 40 ℃ to obtain modified activated carbon.
Examples
Example 1: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: introducing the chemical tail gas into a filtering device for filtering treatment, and removing solid particles in the tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas;
s2, primary water washing: introducing the pretreated tail gas into primary water washing equipment, keeping the water temperature in the primary water washing equipment at 25 ℃, introducing the pretreated tail gas from the bottom of the primary water washing equipment, discharging the pretreated tail gas from the top of the primary water washing equipment, and performing primary water washing treatment on the pretreated tail gas, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, partial carbonyl sulfide and partial hydrogen sulfide to obtain crude de-tail gas;
s3, adsorption: adopting commercially available activated carbon as an adsorbent, enabling the crude removal tail gas to be in contact with the adsorbent for fine removal, and adsorbing carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide to obtain fine removal tail gas;
s4, combustion: introducing the refined tail gas, namely the hydrocarbon compound and a small amount of sulfide which is not removed into a combustion furnace, performing combustion treatment, removing combustible substances in the refined tail gas, and then cooling to obtain carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, namely combustion tail gas;
s5, secondary washing: and (3) introducing the combustion tail gas into secondary washing equipment, keeping the water temperature in the secondary washing equipment at 25 ℃, introducing the combustion tail gas from the bottom of the secondary washing equipment, discharging the combustion tail gas from the top, performing secondary washing treatment, absorbing the combustion tail gas, and then discharging.
Example 2: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in step S2 and the primary washing in this embodiment, the water temperature in the primary washing apparatus is maintained at 110 ℃, and steam is generated; and adding alumina as a catalyst into the primary water washing equipment, wherein the catalyst is positioned above the water level.
Example 3: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that: step S1, the pretreatment further includes a condensation treatment, and the step S1 includes: introducing the chemical tail gas into a filtering device for filtering treatment to remove solid particles in the tail gas; and introducing the chemical tail gas subjected to filtering treatment into primary condensation equipment and secondary condensation equipment in sequence. And sequentially carrying out primary condensation and secondary condensation, wherein the temperature of the primary condensation is 50 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary condensation is 30 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tail gas.
Example 4: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that: the temperature of the primary condensation is 55 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary condensation is 35 ℃.
Example 5: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that: the temperature of the primary condensation is 60 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary condensation is 40 ℃.
Example 6: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: in the embodiment, an alkaline neutralizer is added to both the primary washing equipment and the secondary washing equipment, and the alkaline neutralizer is sodium hydroxide.
Example 7: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 6 in that: in this example, calcium hydroxide was used as an alkaline neutralizing agent instead of sodium hydroxide in example 6, and after calcium hydroxide was added to the primary washing apparatus and the secondary washing apparatus, the first precipitate and the second precipitate were obtained respectively.
And (3) carrying out primary precipitation recovery treatment on the first precipitate in the S2 primary water washing: and filtering the mixture in the primary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a first reaction precipitate, namely the mixture of calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate.
And (3) carrying out secondary precipitation recovery treatment on the second precipitate in S5 and secondary water washing: and filtering substances in the secondary water washing equipment, taking filter residues and drying to obtain a second reaction precipitate, namely a mixture of calcium sulfite, calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate.
Example 8: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 7 in that: the steps of the primary precipitation recovery treatment and the secondary precipitation recovery treatment are different, and the steps are as follows:
the primary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps: introducing oxygen into the primary water washing equipment, filtering the mixture in the primary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a first reaction precipitate, namely calcium sulfate precipitate;
the secondary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) filtering the substances in the secondary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a second reaction precipitate, namely a mixture of calcium sulfite, calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate;
(2) placing the second reaction precipitate in an aqueous solution, introducing oxygen and carbon dioxide, filtering, taking a filter cake, and drying to obtain a second reaction precipitate A, namely calcium sulfate precipitate; and heating the filtrate to dryness to obtain a second reaction precipitate B, namely a calcium carbonate precipitate.
Example 9: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation example 1 as the adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 10: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation 2 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 11: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation example 3 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 12: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation example 4 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 13: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation example 5 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 14: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation 6 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Example 15: a chemical tail gas treatment process comprises the following steps:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: this example used preparation example 7 as an adsorbent instead of the commercially available activated carbon of example 8.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: this comparative example did not include step S1, pretreatment.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: in this comparative example, step S5 and the secondary water washing were not provided.
Performance test
Detection is carried out according to GB14554 emission Standard of malodorous pollutants.
TABLE 2 Performance test Table
Example 2 is compared to example 1, with example 2 differing from example 1 in that: in step S2 of example 2, in the primary washing, the water temperature in the primary washing apparatus was maintained at 110 ℃, and steam was generated; and adding alumina as a catalyst into the primary water washing equipment, wherein the catalyst is positioned above the water level. Because the sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical tail gas treated in the embodiment 2 are lower than those of the embodiment 1, the treatment effect of the embodiment 2 is better, and the carbonyl sulfide is in contact with water vapor under the action of alumina to generate hydrolysis reaction to generate hydrogen sulfide, so that the types of pollutants in the tail gas are reduced, and the subsequent centralized treatment is facilitated.
Examples 3 to 5 were compared with example 1, and examples 3 to 5 were different from example 1 in that the pretreatment of step S1 of examples 3 to 5 added a condensation treatment. Since the sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical off-gas after the treatment of the embodiments 3 to 5 are lower than those of the embodiment 1, the treatment effect of the embodiments 3 to 5 is better, which shows that the condensation treatment realizes the recovery of the carbon disulfide. And the sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical off-gas after the treatment in example 4 are lower than those in examples 3 and 5, which shows that the temperature of the condensation treatment in example 4 is the best.
Examples 6-8 were compared to example 4, and examples 6-8 differed from example 4 in that the primary and secondary water wash apparatuses of examples 6-8 were charged with an alkaline neutralizing agent. Since the sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical off-gas after the treatment of the examples 6 to 8 are lower than those of the example 1, the treatment effect of the examples 6 to 8 is better, which shows that the alkaline neutralizing agent can neutralize the acidic water after the primary water washing and the secondary water washing, and the off-gas can be better absorbed.
Examples 9-15 are compared to example 8, and examples 9-15 differ from example 8 in that the activated carbon of examples 9-15 is a modified activated carbon. Since the sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical tail gas after the treatment of the embodiments 9 to 15 are lower than those of the embodiment 8, the treatment effect of the embodiments 9 to 15 is better, which shows that the modified activated carbon can better absorb the sulfide and the nitride in the chemical tail gas.
Comparative example 1 was compared with example 3, and comparative example 1 was different from example 3 in that comparative example 1 was not provided with step S1, pretreatment. The sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical tail gas after treatment in example 3 are lower than those in comparative example 1, which shows that the scheme of the application is better.
Finally, comparative example 2 was compared with example 3, comparative example 2 being provided without step S5, the secondary water washing. The sulfide concentration and the nitride concentration of the chemical tail gas after treatment in example 3 are lower than those in comparative example 2, which shows that the scheme of the application is better.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A chemical tail gas treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing: filtering chemical tail gas to remove solid particles in the tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas;
s2, primary water washing: introducing the pretreated tail gas into primary washing equipment for primary washing treatment to remove water-soluble components in the pretreated tail gas to obtain coarse-removed tail gas;
s3, adsorption: contacting the rough-removed tail gas with an adsorbent to carry out fine removal to obtain fine-removed tail gas;
s4, combustion: introducing the refined tail gas into a combustion furnace, performing combustion treatment, removing combustible substances in the refined tail gas, and cooling to obtain combustion tail gas;
s5, secondary washing: and introducing the combustion tail gas into secondary washing equipment for secondary washing treatment, and discharging after removing water-soluble components in the combustion tail gas.
2. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S1, the pretreatment further includes a condensation process, and the condensation process includes the following steps: sequentially carrying out primary condensation and secondary condensation on the filtered chemical tail gas to obtain pretreated tail gas; the temperature of the primary condensation is 50-60 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary condensation is 30-40 ℃.
3. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, in the primary washing, the water in the primary washing apparatus is heated to boil, and the catalyst is placed in the primary washing apparatus above the water level.
4. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and alkaline neutralizing agents are added into the primary water washing equipment and the secondary water washing equipment.
5. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the alkaline neutralizing agent is calcium hydroxide, the first precipitate and the second precipitate are respectively obtained after the calcium hydroxide is added into the primary water washing equipment and the secondary water washing equipment, the primary precipitate is recycled in the step S2, and the secondary precipitate is recycled in the step S5.
6. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that: the primary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps: introducing oxygen into the primary water washing equipment, filtering the mixture in the primary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a first reaction precipitate;
the secondary precipitation recovery treatment comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) filtering the substances in the secondary water washing equipment, and drying filter residues to obtain a second reaction precipitate;
(2) and placing the second reaction precipitate in an aqueous solution, introducing oxygen and carbon dioxide, filtering, taking a filter cake, drying to obtain a second reaction precipitate A, and heating the filtrate until the filtrate is evaporated to dryness to obtain a second reaction precipitate B.
7. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorbent comprises activated carbon.
8. The chemical tail gas treatment process according to claim 7, characterized in that: the active carbon is modified by a modifier, and the modifier comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and ferric nitrate.
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