CN114191782B

CN114191782B - Neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after total thyroidectomy

Info

Publication number: CN114191782B
Application number: CN202210057721.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王星月; 蒲放; 许丽嫱; 张雪英; 刘维
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2022-01-19
Publication date: 2023-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-19
Also published as: CN114191782A

Abstract

The patent discloses an orthopedic ware of supplementary and rehabilitation training of neck activity after thyroidectomy, including the preceding supporting part of changeable state, the resistance portion behind the detachable and the control unit who provides the variable damping. Different from the pure limiting and supporting functions of the traditional neck support, the front supporting part can realize the switching between the static state and the active state by changing the connection with the control part, can support the lower jaw when in static state, ensures that the head is in a neutral position, and is beneficial to the axial rotation and lateral bending training of a patient; when in activity, the back resisting part can be combined to hinder the stretching movement through the variable damping device, so as to strengthen the extensor output and weaken the flexor output at the same time, and promote the recovery of the neck function. The control component can adjust the maximum stretching angle according to the postoperative period of a patient, prevent the neck wound from being excessively stretched and pulled, and the curved surface silica gel at the lower end of the control component and the neck ring at the rear side are used for fixing the whole body on the shoulder and the neck. The designed orthotics are small and portable, have various functions, and not only are beneficial to active training of patients, but also play a role in protection.

Description

Neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after total thyroidectomy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after a total thyroid resection.

Background

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and its incidence rate is increasing year by year. Thyroidectomy is one of treatment methods, mainly for patients with high-risk characteristics, the prognosis is good, but more postoperative complications such as neck stiffness and limitation of shoulder and neck movement still exist. Neck exercises aid in surgical wound healing and functional recovery, such as flexion-extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending movements. However, patients keep a head-lowering posture for a long time due to postoperative pain, and have poor compliance of home exercise due to lack of proper rehabilitation training guidance and supervision, so that better and faster recovery cannot be achieved.

In order to improve the overall rehabilitation effect of a patient after the total thyroidectomy, the neck orthosis for assisting movement is added for assisting, so that the enthusiasm of the patient for rehabilitation training can be enhanced. However, most of the neck orthoses on the market at present are designed for cervical spondylosis patients, and are relatively heavy in limiting. The partial neck brace can be used for supporting the head of a patient after the thyroidectomy, does not touch wounds, and cannot assist in neck rehabilitation training. The research shows that the patient has the phenomenon of extensor muscle disuse due to excessive flexor compensation after the operation, and the invention provides a novel technical scheme for realizing the rehabilitation training effect of enhancing the output of the extensor muscle and weakening the output of the flexor muscle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after a total thyroid resection, which can support the head, enable a patient to do axial rotation and lateral bending movement in a neutral position, can be switched into a moving state, can provide resistance changing along with an angle to resist stretching movement, is beneficial to active rehabilitation training of the patient as a whole, is small and attractive, and is convenient to wear.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention aiming at the purpose is as follows: a neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after total thyroidectomy comprises a front supporting part for supporting the lower jaw, a detachable rear resisting part for transmitting resistance and a control component for connecting, providing damping and fixing. The control component is connected with the front supporting part and the rear resisting part, and by means of a connection conversion design in the control component, the front supporting part can realize switching between a static state and an active state, wherein the active state can start a variable damping device in the control component, and can provide resistance changing along with the angle.

Further, the front support is composed of a contact plate whose upper surface is soft and comfortable and on which the head can be axially rotated and laterally bent, and a connection portion extending from the rear of the contact plate, and does not completely cover the front of the neck without touching the wound of the patient.

Furthermore, the rear resisting part consists of an inwards concave inclined plate and a connecting part extending from the bottom surface of the inclined plate, the inclined plate is in close contact with the hindbrain, and the rear resisting part can be detached or assembled according to requirements.

Furthermore, the control component is divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the upper part is mainly used for connecting the front supporting part and the rear resisting part, providing variable damping to help rehabilitation training and fixing with the neck; the lower part is mainly used for being fixed with the shoulder, provides the holding power, guarantees holistic stability.

Furthermore, a rotating connecting piece is arranged at the upper part of the control part, and the upper part of the rotating connecting piece can be connected with the front supporting part; the side can be connected with the rear resisting part; the rear part is connected with a variable damping device. One end of the variable damping device is fixed between the two positioning columns on the inner side of the control part, the other end of the variable damping device is embedded into the rotary connecting piece, and when the rotary connecting piece rotates, the variable damping device can provide resistance which changes linearly along with the angle. The upper part of the control component is provided with a groove which can be in embedded connection with the front supporting part.

Furthermore, when the connecting part of the front supporting part is matched with the groove on the upper part of the control part, the front supporting part is in a static state; when the connecting part of the front supporting part is matched with the rotating connecting piece at the upper part of the control part, the front supporting part is in a movable state, and after the rear resisting part is matched with the side part of the rotating connecting piece, the front supporting part can extend and move along with the neck under the condition of resistance.

Furthermore, the upper part of the control part is provided with three rectangular holes distributed at a certain angle for inserting small baffles so as to control the maximum extending angle.

Furthermore, the adjustable neck ring on the upper part of the control component and the transparent silica gel on the lower part of the control component are used for fixing the whole body on the shoulder and neck, and the control component has certain invisible and attractive effects.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the front supporting part designed by the neck orthosis not only plays a role of supporting the lower jaw, but also does not limit axial rotation and lateral bending; the ingenious connection mode of the front supporting part and the control part realizes the random switching between the static state and the movable state; the variable damping device in the control component can provide resistance which is linearly changed along with the angle for stretching movement, so that the output of extensors is enhanced, meanwhile, the output of flexors is weakened, and the active rehabilitation training of a patient is assisted; in addition, a certain protection measure is set in consideration of the change of the extension angle of the patient in different rehabilitation stages so as to protect the patient in the training process; finally, the neck brace is supported only by the shoulders, spans the clavicle, is more comfortable to wear and does not touch the wound.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the anterior support

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rear resisting part

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the right outer portion of the control unit

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the right inner part of the control unit

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotary joint

An icon: 1-front supporting part, 11-connecting part, 2-rear resisting part, 21-end rectangular groove, 3-control part, 31-upper end groove, 32-rotating connecting piece, 321-transverse upright post, 322-arch bridge-shaped upright post, 323-groove, 33-straight groove opening, 34-adjustable neck ring, 35-arc transparent silica gel, 36-variable damping device, 361-device center, 362-device outer end, 37-positioning post, 38-small baffle

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the orthopedic device for assisting neck movement and rehabilitation training after total thyroid resection comprises an anterior support part 1 for supporting the lower jaw, a detachable posterior resistance part 2 for transferring resistance and a control part 3 for connecting, providing damping and fixing, wherein two connecting parts 11 of the anterior support part are respectively connected with a groove 31 at the upper part of the control part in an embedding manner, a rectangular groove 21 at the tail end of the posterior resistance part is respectively connected with a transverse upright post 321 of a rotating connecting part 32 in a matching manner, an included angle formed by the projection of the anterior support part 2 and the posterior resistance part 1 on the sagittal plane is an obtuse angle, a straight groove opening 33 at the upper part of the control part is connected with an adjustable neck ring 34, and the lower part of the straight groove opening 33 is an arc-shaped transparent silica gel 35 designed according to the shoulder trend; each control unit has a rotating link 32 in the middle, above which is an arched bridge column 322 flanked by said transverse columns 321 and inside which is connected to the variable damping device centre 361.

In this embodiment, the variable damping device center 361 fits into the slot 323 on the rear side of the rotating link, and the outer end 362 is secured by two locating posts 37 of the control member. As the rotating link 32 rotates, the variable damping device center 361 is pulled or squeezed, thereby generating a reaction moment that varies linearly with angle to resist movement at that time.

In this embodiment, the arc-shaped transparent silicone 35 is attached to the shoulder portion to perform the functions of integrally fixing and providing a supporting force. The adjustable collar 34 serves to further strengthen the fixation.

In this embodiment, the connecting portion 11 of the front support is in close fitting engagement with the control member upper recess 31, and functions to support the head, and the patient can make axial rotation and lateral bending movements on the front support 1. Both sides of the control part 3 move a small distance towards the neck, so that when the connecting part 11 is tightly attached to the inner side of the arch bridge-shaped upright 322, the front support part 1 rotates by rotating the connecting part 32.

In this embodiment, the rectangular slot 21 at the end of the rear resisting part is tightly connected with the transverse upright post 321, and when the front supporting part 1 is in the active state, the position of the small baffle 38 is adjusted to perform variable resistance stretching exercises at different maximum angles, and in addition, the muscles can perform equal length exercises at the maximum angles, so that the rehabilitation purpose of strengthening extensors output and weakening flexors output can be achieved. The rear resistance 2 is likewise followed by movement by the rotary connection 32.

In conclusion, the front supporting part designed by the neck orthosis not only plays a role of supporting the lower jaw, but also does not limit axial rotation and lateral bending; the ingenious connection mode of the front supporting part and the control part realizes the random switching between the static state and the movable state; the variable damping device in the control component can provide resistance which is linearly changed along with the angle for stretching movement, so that the output of extensors is enhanced, meanwhile, the output of flexors is weakened, and the active rehabilitation training of a patient is assisted; in addition, certain protection measures are set in consideration of the change of the stretching angle of the patient in different rehabilitation stages so as to protect the patient in the training process; finally, the neck brace is supported only by the shoulders, spans the clavicle, is more comfortable to wear, and does not touch the wound.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neck movement assisting and rehabilitation training orthosis after total thyroid resection is characterized by comprising:

a front support, wherein the front support is for supporting a lower jaw;

a posterior resistance portion, wherein the posterior resistance portion is configured to transmit resistance to the hindbrain to resist extension movement;

two control components, wherein the control components are connected with the front supporting part and the rear resisting part, and the front supporting part can realize the switching between a static state and an active state by means of the connection switching design in the control components, wherein the active state can start a variable damping device in the control components and can provide resistance changing along with the angle; and

the front supporting part consists of a contact plate and a connecting part extending from the rear of the contact plate, the upper surface of the contact plate is soft and comfortable, the head can axially rotate and laterally bend on the contact plate, and the front supporting part does not completely cover the front part of the neck and does not touch the wound of a patient; the rear resisting part consists of an inwards concave inclined plate and a connecting part extending from the bottom surface of the inclined plate, the inclined plate is in close contact with the hindbrain, and the rear resisting part can be detached or assembled as required; the control component is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is mainly used for connecting the front supporting part and the rear resisting part, providing variable damping to help rehabilitation training and fixing with the neck, and the lower part is mainly used for fixing with the shoulder, providing supporting force and ensuring the stability of the whole body; the upper part of the control part is provided with a rotating connecting piece, the upper part of the rotating connecting piece can be connected with the front supporting part, the side part of the rotating connecting piece can be connected with the rear resisting part, and the rear part of the rotating connecting piece is connected with the variable damping device; one end of the variable damping device is fixed between the two positioning columns on the inner side of the control part, the other end of the variable damping device is embedded into the rotating connecting piece, and when the rotating connecting piece rotates, the variable damping device can provide resistance which changes linearly along with the angle; the upper part of the control component is provided with a groove which can be in embedded connection with the front supporting part.

2. The orthopedic device for assisting neck movement and rehabilitation training after total thyroidectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the connecting part of the front supporting part is matched with the groove at the upper part of the control part, the front supporting part is in a static state; when the connecting part of the front supporting part is matched with the rotating connecting piece at the upper part of the control part, the front supporting part is in a movable state, and after the rear resisting part is matched with the side part of the rotating connecting piece, the front supporting part can extend and move along with the neck under the condition of resistance.

3. The orthopedic device for assisting neck movement and rehabilitation training after total thyroidectomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the control part is provided with three rectangular holes distributed at a certain angle for inserting small baffles so as to control the maximum extending angle.

4. The orthopedic device for assisting neck movement and rehabilitation training after total thyroid resection according to claim 1, wherein: the adjustable neck ring on the upper part of the control component and the transparent silica gel on the lower part of the control component are used for fixing the whole body on the shoulder and neck part, and the control component has certain invisible and attractive effects.