CN107789807A - A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its application method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107789807A CN107789807A CN201711215290.1A CN201711215290A CN107789807A CN 107789807 A CN107789807 A CN 107789807A CN 201711215290 A CN201711215290 A CN 201711215290A CN 107789807 A CN107789807 A CN 107789807A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- finger
- supporting plate
- kafo
- rehabilitation exercise
- main board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/12—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles
- A63B23/16—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles for hands or fingers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/10—Devices for correcting deformities of the fingers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus ; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
- A61H1/02—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
- A61H1/0274—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the upper limbs
- A61H1/0285—Hand
- A61H1/0288—Fingers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/12—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for upper limbs or related muscles, e.g. chest, upper back or shoulder muscles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1635—Hand or arm, e.g. handle
- A61H2201/1638—Holding means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2205/00—Devices for specific parts of the body
- A61H2205/06—Arms
- A61H2205/065—Hands
- A61H2205/067—Fingers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, refers to root supporting plate, four pieces of finger tip supporting plates and 3 pulleys by a block main body plate, four pieces and assemblies；Four pieces refer to root supporting plate and are arranged on main board, and four pieces of finger tip supporting plates refer to root supporting plate with four pieces and are connected respectively, and main board bottom is provided with 3 pulleys.Present invention also offers the application method of the mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO.The present invention changes existing flat board, the KAFO design pattern of fixed finger position, extends wrist grip size, the design of palmar hand arc-shaped step, and is designed in finger tips using movable block, can complete to refer to tip movement in vertical direction rehabilitation training.Realizing finger orthopedic rehabilitation training reclaimed water square, left and right is fixed upwards, separation finger, and finger end slightly moves up and down training in vertical direction.The Spatial Dimension of finger section orthopedic rehabilitation training is enhanced, finger motion function training is carried out while external force is separated and corrected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of orthopedic equipment, and in particular to a kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its user
Method, belong to medical rehabilitation equipment technical field.
Background technology
Cerebrovas-cularaccident causes hemiplegia, half side physical handicaps, extremity numbness, hemianopsia, aphasia.The most companion of the traffic accident wounded
There is the damage of brachial plexus myoneural.Two big reasons of main status are occupied as the Chinese number of casualties, can all be led after operative treatment
Cause the dyskinesia of human motion obstacle, especially upper limbs very big for the rear Quality of Life of patient.Motor function
Training is the important content of limb rehabilitation training, and research has shown that, upper limbs of the standardization rehabilitation to brachia plexus injury patient
Function, especially finger function have the rehabilitation effect of determination, can promotion functions recovery.
For brachia plexus injury patient, the impaired patient of its upper limbs, in clinical sports rehabilitation training, in principle
For the auxiliary movement of patient one side Zuo Gong areas nerve, the passive target action for completing Recipient nerve in one side, until suffering limb can be actively
Complete target action.
It is finger-separating plate that motor function, which trains main rehabilitation material, at present.Finger-separating plate is that training finger is separated and stretched, protects
Finger is held in the apparatus of correct position.For preventing and correcting flexor digitorum muscle of hand spasm or contracture deformity, suitable for brachial plexus nerve not
With the patient of degree damage.
The content of the invention
The current clinically used KAFO in finger function rehabilitation training, is all that finger is existed by bundled fixed
On palm type flat board.For the weak point present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to meet human body work
Learn, the passive left and right separation of palm stabilization, finger can be kept, finger can be trained to move up and down the mechanical hand of function again
Refer to functional rehabilitation KAFO.
The invention solves a technical problem be during finger gymnastic orthotic training, realize the five fingers horizontal direction
Upper separation, hand are all around moved, finger tips realize that vertical direction fine motion is trained.Point finger orthoses is set to be led in medical science of recovery therapy
Domain is further developed and applied.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, refer to root supporting plate, four pieces of finger tip supports by a block main body plate, four pieces
Plate and 3 pulleys assembly；Four pieces refer to root supporting plate and are arranged on main board, and four pieces of finger tip supporting plates refer to root support with four pieces
Plate connects respectively, and main board bottom is provided with 3 pulleys.
Further scheme is：
The main board is made up of shank and metacarpus, and shank is provided with shank flute and is used to be fixed using flexible materials such as bandages
Wrist；Metacarpus is into ellipticity, and for placing palm, metacarpus both sides of edges is provided with metacarpus groove, for fixing thumb, main board
Centre is provided with ramp type step, and higher than both sides, for placing palm, aperture is opened on domatic step；Before ramp type step
Half opens pilot hole, for assembling finger supporting part.
Further scheme is：
The finger root supporting plate is trapezoidal, and left and right width is slightly larger than single finger width of being grown up；Design one in the middle part of lower narrow end
Individual hollow footstalk, for being connected with main board metacarpus；Two hollow footstalks are designed at upper wide end both ends, and two hollow footstalk spacing are with referring to
The hollow shaft length in apical branch fagging flat mouth side is equidistant, for being connected with finger tip supporting plate, refers to and sulculus or aperture are opened in root supporting plate.
Further scheme is：
The finger tip supporting plate is rectangle like rounded shape, articulations digitorum manus end design joinery and its construction, is used for and refers to support
Plate assembles；Refer to top end and use semi-circular design, finger tip supporting plate on both sides of the middle design baffle plate, finger is fixed on finger tip supporting plate
On；Aperture is opened in finger tip supporting plate, has tabular raised in the middle part of finger tip supporting plate.
Further scheme is：
3 pulleys are arranged on main board bottom into triangle.
Present invention also offers the application method of the mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, specifically include：
A. whole mechanical finger gymnastic instruction is formed by main board, finger root supporting plate, finger tip supporting plate, pulley assembling
Practice KAFO；
B. suffering limb palmar hand is placed on rehabilitation KAFO main board arc step；Suffering limb wrist is placed in KAFO handle portion
Position, is fixed with bandage；Patient's thumb is fixed on main body prelaminar part by bandage；Remaining four finger of patient are fixed on finger root
In portion's supporting plate and finger tip supporting plate assembly parts；
C. suffering limb end finger, which is respectively placed in, refers on root and finger tip supporting plate assembly parts；
D. immobilization of the wounded limb is placed on horizontal table top after on the KAFO assembled.
Further scheme is：
In step b, mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO is made up of multiple assembly parts, can be according to suffering limb physical size
Selection, customization related accessory, realize personalized rehabilitation training scheme.
Further scheme is：
In step c, tabular projection plays position-limiting action in the middle part of finger tip supporting plate, suffering limb end finger in the horizontal direction,
Under external force help, separation is forced in left and right.
Further scheme is：
It is autonomous to press finger tip supporting plate under Patients' rights in vertical direction in step c, play left and right in horizontal direction
Pressure is fixed, separation finger, the slightly upper and lower rehabilitation exercise training in finger end in vertical direction.
Further scheme is：
In step d, patient's arm does pushing action all around, for the complementary rehabilitation training of forearm and elbow joint,
To reach optimal rehabilitation effect.
The present invention compared with the prior art, has advantages below and beneficial effect：
A kind of finger gymnastic KAFO based on ergonomic designs of the present invention, changes existing flat board, fixed finger position
The KAFO design pattern put, extends wrist grip size, the design of palmar hand arc-shaped step, and in finger tips using activity
Block designs, and can complete to refer to tip movement in vertical direction rehabilitation training.Realize finger orthopedic rehabilitation training reclaimed water square left and right upwards
Fixed, separation finger, finger end slightly moves up and down training in vertical direction.Enhance the space dimension of finger section orthopedic rehabilitation training
Degree, finger motion function training is carried out while external force is separated and corrected.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is main body plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein (a) is front view, (b) is side view；
Fig. 3 is finger root supporting plate structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is finger fingertip supporting plate structure schematic diagram, wherein (a) is front view, (b) is side view.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, by 1, four piece of finger root supporting plate of a block main body plate
2nd, four pieces of finger tip supporting plates 3 and 3 pulleys assembly；Four pieces refer to root supporting plate and are arranged on main board, four pieces of finger tip supports
Plate refers to root supporting plate with four pieces and is connected respectively, and main board bottom is provided with 3 pulleys.
As shown in Figure 2, main board 1 is made up of shank 11 and metacarpus 12.Shank can lengthen as desired, open shank ditch
Groove 13 is used to fix wrist using flexible materials such as bandages；Metacarpus 12 is into ellipticity, and for placing palm, metacarpus both sides of edges is opened
Metacarpus groove 14, for fixing thumb, centre is designed using ramp type step 15, higher than both sides, for placing palm,
Aperture is opened on domatic step, for being vented, having a good sweat；Half opens pilot hole 16 before ramp type step, for assembling finger branch
Support member；
As shown in Figure 3, it is trapezoidal design to refer to root supporting plate.Left and right width is slightly larger than single finger width of being grown up；Under it is narrow
One the first hollow footstalk 21 of end middle part design, for being connected with main board metacarpus；Upper wide end both ends design two it is second hollow
Footstalk 22, two the second hollow spacing of footstalk 22 and the hollow shaft length in finger tip supporting plate flat mouth side are equidistant, for being supported with finger tip
Plate connects.Sulculus, aperture are opened in supporting plate, for divulging information, breathing freely.
As shown in Figure 4, finger tip supporting plate designs for rectangle like round end.The structure of Tenon 31 is designed at articulations digitorum manus end, is used for
Assembled with referring to supporting plate；Refer to top end 32 and use semi-circular design.Supporting plate on both sides of the middle designs baffle plate 33, and finger is fixed on
In finger tip supporting plate；Aperture is opened in supporting plate, for divulging information, breathing freely, has tabular projection 34 in the middle part of finger tip supporting plate.
3 pulleys are arranged on main board bottom into triangle, are translated on the horizontal level for rehabilitation training patient
Training.
The mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO of the present invention, assemble and as follows using step：
The first step, according to shown in Fig. 1, assembling figure 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 all parts.
Second step, as shown in Fig. 2 main board provides the main body support section of rehabilitation orthotic training device.
3rd step, as shown in figure 3, trapezium structure part is finger root supporting plate, assembled with main board and finger tip supporting plate；
Rectangle like round end structural member is finger tip supporting plate, is assemblied in by bar axle on main board, for suffering limb tip finger or so point
From, move up and down.
3rd step, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, four trapezoidal finger root supporting plates, by bar axle, it is respectively used to and main board metacarpus
Connection.
4th step, as shown in figure 4, four rectangle like round end finger tip supporting plates, by bar axle, respectively with referring to supporting plate
Assembling.
5th step, as shown in Fig. 2 installing pulley on the rhombus base of 3, main board back.
6th step, suffering limb palm part are placed on rehabilitation KAFO main board arc step；Suffering limb wrist is placed in KAFO
Handle part, fixed with bandage；Patient's thumb is fixed on main body prelaminar part by bandage.
7th step, suffering limb end finger are respectively placed in and referred in root and finger tip supporting plate under external force help.Finger tip supporting plate
Middle part tabular projection plays position-limiting action, and suffering limb or so is forced to separate.
8th step, for suffering limb end finger under Patients' rights, Vertical Square presses up finger tip supporting plate, plays horizontal direction
Upper left and right pressure is fixed, separation finger, the slightly upper and lower rehabilitation exercise training in finger end in vertical direction.
9th step, by immobilization of the wounded limb after on the KAFO assembled, horizontal table top is placed on, arm is done all around
Pushing action, the complementary rehabilitation training for forearm and elbow joint.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for explanatory embodiment of the invention, and above-described embodiment is only this hair
Bright preferable embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, it should be appreciated that people in the art
Member can be designed that a lot of other modifications and embodiment, and these modifications and embodiment will fall in principle disclosed in the present application
Within scope and spirit.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, it is characterised in that：Refer to root supporting plate, four by a block main body plate, four pieces Block finger tip supporting plate and 3 pulleys assembly；Four pieces refer to root supporting plate and are arranged on main board, four pieces of finger tip supporting plates and four Block refers to root supporting plate and connected respectively, and main board bottom is provided with 3 pulleys.
- 2. mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main board is made up of shank and metacarpus, and shank is provided with shank flute and is used to use the flexible material such as bandage fixation hand Wrist；Metacarpus is into ellipticity, and for placing palm, metacarpus both sides of edges is provided with metacarpus groove, for fixing thumb, in main board Center portion position is provided with ramp type step, and higher than both sides, for placing palm, aperture is opened on domatic step；Ramp type step the first two / mono- opens pilot hole, for assembling finger supporting part.
- 3. mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The finger root supporting plate is trapezoidal, and left and right width is slightly larger than single finger width of being grown up；In the middle part of lower narrow end in design one Empty footstalk, for being connected with main board metacarpus；Design two hollow footstalks, two hollow footstalk spacing and finger tip branch in upper wide end both ends The hollow shaft length in fagging flat mouth side is equidistant, for being connected with finger tip supporting plate, refers to and sulculus or aperture are opened in root supporting plate.
- 4. mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The finger tip supporting plate is rectangle like rounded shape, articulations digitorum manus end design joinery and its construction, is used to and refers to fill with supporting plate Match somebody with somebody；Refer to top end and use semi-circular design, finger tip supporting plate on both sides of the middle design baffle plate, finger is fixed in finger tip supporting plate； Aperture is opened in finger tip supporting plate, has tabular raised in the middle part of finger tip supporting plate.
- 5. mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：3 pulleys are arranged on main board bottom into triangle.
- 6. the application method of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO, its feature exist described in claim 1 to 5 any claim In including：A. whole mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise is formed by main board, finger root supporting plate, finger tip supporting plate, pulley assembling to rectify Shape device；B. suffering limb palmar hand is placed on rehabilitation KAFO main board arc step；Suffering limb wrist is placed in KAFO handle part, uses Bandage is fixed；Patient's thumb is fixed on main body prelaminar part by bandage；Remaining four finger of patient are fixed on finger root branch On fagging and finger tip supporting plate assembly parts；C. suffering limb end finger, which is respectively placed in, refers on root and finger tip supporting plate assembly parts；D. immobilization of the wounded limb is placed on horizontal table top after on the KAFO assembled.
- 7. the application method of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step b, mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO is made up of multiple assembly parts, can be selected according to suffering limb physical size Select, customize related accessory, realize personalized rehabilitation training scheme.
- 8. the application method of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step c, tabular projection plays position-limiting action in the middle part of finger tip supporting plate, suffering limb end finger in the horizontal direction, outside Under power helps, separation is forced in left and right.
- 9. the application method of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is autonomous to press finger tip supporting plate under Patients' rights in vertical direction in step c, play left and right in horizontal direction and force Fix, separation finger, the slightly upper and lower rehabilitation exercise training in finger end in vertical direction.
- 10. the application method of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step d, patient's arm does pushing action all around, for the complementary rehabilitation training of forearm and elbow joint, with up to To optimal rehabilitation effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711215290.1A CN107789807A (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711215290.1A CN107789807A (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its application method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107789807A true CN107789807A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711215290.1A Pending CN107789807A (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | A kind of mechanical finger rehabilitation exercise KAFO and its application method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108704193A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-10-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第附属医院 | A kind of fixing device for transfusion |
| CN109223431A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-18 | 濮阳市油田总医院 | A kind of medical nerve internal medicine device for healing and training |
| CN109350339A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-19 | 李言志 | A kind of orthopaedics finger apparatus for correcting |
| KR20210067702A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-08 | 최선희 | Apparatus for Relieving Hand Stiffness |
| CN113491621A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-12 | 河北省人民医院 | Hand rehabilitation training device for hemiplegic patient |
| CN113662811A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽工程大学 | Finger rehabilitation training device |
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| KR20150136949A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-08 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | A stretching instrument |
| CN106063758A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-02 | 芜湖天人智能机械有限公司 | A kind of passive hand rehabilitation exerciser of adjustable master |
| CN206334069U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-07-18 | 芜湖天人智能机械有限公司 | A kind of rehabilitation finger-separating plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108704193A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-10-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第附属医院 | A kind of fixing device for transfusion |
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| CN109223431A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-18 | 濮阳市油田总医院 | A kind of medical nerve internal medicine device for healing and training |
| CN109350339A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-19 | 李言志 | A kind of orthopaedics finger apparatus for correcting |
| KR20210067702A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-08 | 최선희 | Apparatus for Relieving Hand Stiffness |
| KR102320532B1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-11-01 | 최선희 | Apparatus for Relieving Hand Stiffness |
| CN113491621A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-12 | 河北省人民医院 | Hand rehabilitation training device for hemiplegic patient |
| CN113491621B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-11-01 | 河北省人民医院 | Hand rehabilitation training device for hemiplegic patient |
| CN113662811A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-19 | 安徽工程大学 | Finger rehabilitation training device |
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Application publication date: 20180313 |