CN114180314B - Closed feeding system - Google Patents
Closed feeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114180314B CN114180314B CN202111522284.7A CN202111522284A CN114180314B CN 114180314 B CN114180314 B CN 114180314B CN 202111522284 A CN202111522284 A CN 202111522284A CN 114180314 B CN114180314 B CN 114180314B
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- shell
- stirring
- closed
- hole
- conveying
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 11
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005570 vertical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
- B65G15/30—Belts or like endless load-carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
- B65G65/46—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using screw conveyors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The closed feeding system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the first shell and driven to helically convey materials, and a first feeding hole and a first discharging hole are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scraping plates which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move and convey materials, and a second feed port and a second discharge port are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is arranged on the fermentation cavity; the second feed inlet is hermetically connected to the lower part of the first discharge outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected to the lower part of the second discharge outlet. Can effectively solve the problem of dust and waste gas overflow in the prior art nicotine production process, is convenient for providing clean and tidy production workshop environment, and avoids the influence of dust and waste gas on human health. And the structure is stable, the installation is easy, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of nicotine production equipment, in particular to a closed feeding system.
Background
In the production of nicotine, raw and auxiliary materials can generate dust and waste gas in the processes of transmission, mixing and fermentation, and main components of the dust and the waste gas comprise raw and auxiliary material dust, volatile nicotine, volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), malodorous gas and the like, and if people are in the dust and waste gas environment for a long time, health problems are easy to cause. However, in the prior art, the common transportation process is carried out by adopting an exposed conveyor belt, and the mixing and fermentation (alkalization) processes are also completed in an open and exposed stirring and fermentation tank. Although the exposed environment has less influence on the production process of the product, the production workshop is easily formed into a space filled with nicotine production dust and waste gas, so that the health problem of workshop staff is caused. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a closed feed system that can complete the production process and avoid dust and exhaust from scattering and flowing over the production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, and provides a closed feeding system which is used for solving the problem of dust and waste gas overflow in the nicotine production process.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is that the closed feeding system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the first shell and is driven to convey materials in a helical manner, and a first feeding port and a first discharging port are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scraping plates which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move and convey materials, and a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is arranged on the fermentation cavity; the second feed inlet is hermetically connected to the lower part of the first discharge outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected to the lower part of the second discharge outlet. Further, in the complete production line, the bottom of the fermentation cavity is also provided with a fermentation outlet for discharging the fermentation material.
The first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the fermentation equipment are respectively provided with a corresponding closed shell, and only the necessary openings, such as the corresponding feed inlet and the corresponding discharge outlet, are also in sealing connection with each other, and the discharge outlet and the feed inlet which are mutually connected are also in sealing connection. The first conveying mechanism adopts spiral conveying, and besides a relatively closed conveying space is formed by being convenient to match with the first shell, the spiral conveying process can also perform certain stirring and mixing effects on materials, so that the materials can enter fermentation equipment conveniently and are filled uniformly, and the fermentation effect is improved. The first feed inlet of the first conveying mechanism can be used for entering raw and auxiliary materials and water for nicotine production, and the second conveying mechanism adopts a scraper to transport, so that raw and auxiliary materials and water mixture can be effectively transported. Because the water is added, the production raw materials are mutually agglomerated or aggregated densely, the conveying efficiency is lower by adopting a spiral conveying mode, and the spiral conveying mechanism is easy to damage. And adopt the second conveying mechanism that contains a plurality of scrapers to transport the mixture that contains cigarette muscle, calcium oxide, water to fermentation equipment, can carry out effectual transmission, compare in screw conveying structure, its structure receives the transportation resistance influence of wet piece less, can be comparatively perfect realize the transmission of wet material after the water. Through this closed feed system, can ensure the material transmission in the relative enclosure space, avoid the scattering of dust, waste gas in the prior art nicotine production, and through screw conveying, scraper blade transport can be better the cooperation nicotine raw materials of production realize corresponding stirring mix, to the transport of wet material, can realize mixing effect under the prerequisite that does not need special agitated vessel. Utilize the scraper blade to carry can be pointed to the wet piece that tobacco rib, calcium oxide, water formed and transmit, provide certain conveying efficiency and transport intensity, the cooperation sets up the first conveying mechanism in the front, makes whole feed system more stable. Further, the first conveying mechanism and/or the second conveying mechanism and/or the fermentation equipment are/is provided with a suction and discharge device communicated with the outside, and the suction and discharge device is used for discharging dust and waste gas to the outside.
Further, the first conveying mechanism is an auger conveyor, and the second conveying mechanism is a scraper conveyor. Based on auger conveyer can provide certain transport, stirring mixing effect, and auger conveyer can forward and reverse transmission, and maneuverability is strong. The scraper conveyor has a stable and simple structure and a long conveying distance, is also a closed box body, and can effectively prevent materials, dust and waste gas from flying.
Further, the first shell and the second shell are transparent shells. The first shell and the second shell are arranged to be transparent shells, so that the internal transmission process of the first shell and the second shell can be monitored in real time, and accordingly, when equipment fails or is abnormal in transmission, adjustment is timely carried out, and waste of waste products and cost is avoided.
Further, the second conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, the second feeding port is arranged on the lower side, and the second discharging port is arranged on the higher side. Specifically, the fermentation equipment of industrial production among the prior art, like the fermentation cylinder, the height is higher, and set up second conveying mechanism slope setting then be convenient for transport the material from low level to high level to in the smooth transportation material arrives the fermentation cylinder.
Further, the stirring device is arranged between the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism, and comprises a stirring outer shell with a hollow inside and stirring blades arranged in the stirring outer shell, wherein a stirring material inlet and a stirring material outlet are arranged on the stirring outer shell; the stirring material inlet is hermetically connected under the first discharge hole, the second feeding hole is hermetically connected under the stirring material outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected under the second discharge hole. Although a certain mixing effect can be achieved through the first conveying mechanism, materials are convenient to mix further through adding stirring equipment, and the nicotine production effect is improved. The stirring outer shell is the shell of the stirring equipment.
Further, the stirring equipment top is equipped with the stirred tank that the opening up, be equipped with stirring vane in the stirred tank, be equipped with the unloading passageway between stirred tank opening border and the stirring shell body inner wall, the material reaches the stirring material export through stirring material entry, stirred tank, unloading passageway. The material flowing out of the first discharge hole enters the stirring equipment through the stirring inlet and falls on the stirring tank. The material is driven by stirring vane and stirs after getting into the stirred tank, and when the material pile up to being higher than stirred tank opening border in the stirred tank, the material then can overflow and pass through the blanking passageway blanking downwards, and then gets into second feed inlet of second conveying mechanism through agitated vessel bottom stirring material outlet. Through this mode stirring and unloading, can realize stirring ejection of compact simultaneously, improve production efficiency. And for stirring by utilizing the cavity in the whole stirring equipment, the stirring tank with a smaller containing cavity is more beneficial to stirring uniformly, and the required stirring power is also less.
Further, the height of the side wall of the stirring tank is 15-20 cm, and the height of the stirring blade is 5-15 cm. The side wall of the stirring tank and the height of the stirring blade are set to be the same, so that a small stirring space is formed, and rapid stirring and timely overflow of stirring materials are facilitated.
Further, the height of one side wall of the stirring tank is lower than that of the other side wall of the stirring tank. When setting up stirred tank one side lateral wall both sides height difference, the material still can overflow, the unloading to the unloading passageway through the lower one side opening of lateral wall after getting into the stirred tank, simultaneously, the higher one side of lateral wall then provides more and piles up the space, prepares in advance to get into the material in the stirring of stirring vane stirring scope, improves stirring efficiency.
Further, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell is a cambered surface side wall with a cambered opening facing the inner side. The inner wall of stirring shell body sets up to the cambered surface lateral wall and is favorable to stirring back material slip to stirring material export, avoids the stirring material bonding of mixed water on the inner wall of stirring shell body. Further, when the height of one side wall of the stirring tank is lower than that of the other side wall, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell of the stirring equipment at least at one side with the lower height of the stirring tank side wall is a cambered surface side wall with a cambered opening facing the inner side; that is, the materials overflow from the side, and the cambered side wall is arranged to be beneficial to the smooth falling of the materials and the entering of the stirring outlet.
Further, still include closed conveyer belt mechanism, closed conveyer belt mechanism includes closed third casing, third conveyer belt, the third casing is equipped with third feed inlet, third discharge gate, the third discharge gate is accepted on the second feed inlet, the shape is the ascending arc of opening on the cross-section of perpendicular to direction of transfer of third conveyer belt, and the material is through third feed inlet, third conveyer belt, third discharge gate arrival second feed inlet in proper order.
Since the water component is required to be provided in the mixing and fermenting processes, the water component is required to be transported in the conveying process before fermentation, and the first conveying mechanism which is carried in front of the stirring equipment or the fermenting equipment is different from the conveying belt and can convey the water in the closed shell, the first conveying mechanism is arranged as a direct upstream conveying mechanism of the second conveying mechanism, so that the perfect conveying of the water component is facilitated. And other raw and auxiliary materials are mostly piled particulate matters, and the particulate matters can be transported by adopting various structures, including a closed conveyor mechanism. Compared with the mode of driving the whole helical blade to convey, the conveyor belt conveying mode requires less power, can effectively save energy consumption and reduce cost. Meanwhile, the dust and waste gas leakage prevention device has the technical effect of ensuring that dust, waste gas and the like do not leak. And the closed conveying belt mechanism is arranged in front of the first conveying mechanism, so that the requirements on the conveying distance and the length of the first conveying mechanism are reduced, and the load on a single conveying structure is reduced.
Since the raw and auxiliary materials are generally in the form of accumulated particles, they may roll and fall out of the conveyor belt, and particularly when the conveyor belt vibrates up and down due to the accuracy of mechanical equipment, the raw and auxiliary materials are more likely to roll and fall out of both ends in the width direction. The cross section of the third conveyor belt in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction is arc-shaped, namely, the two sides are high and the middle is low, materials are concentrated in the middle area of the conveyor belt after entering the surface of the third conveyor belt, and even if the materials exist in the form of particles, the materials are difficult to roll towards the two sides and fall off, so that the loss of the materials in the conveying process is reduced, the precision of production control is improved, and the production effect is further improved.
Further, the closed conveyor belt mechanism comprises a closed third shell, a third conveyor belt, a first synchronous wheel, a second synchronous wheel and a third synchronous wheel; the two ends of the third shell are respectively provided with a third feeding hole and a third discharging hole, the third discharging hole is connected to the first feeding hole, an arc-shaped hole with an upward arc-shaped opening is arranged on the end face of one end of the third shell, which is close to the third feeding hole, and an outlet hole is arranged on the bottom surface, which is close to one side of the third discharging hole; the first synchronous wheel is arranged outside the third shell, at one side of the arc-shaped hole and the top end of the first synchronous wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole; the second synchronous wheel is arranged at one side of the third shell close to the third discharge hole and is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel is arranged outside the third shell, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel is lower than the third shell, and the third conveyor belt sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel, the arc-shaped hole, the second synchronizing wheel, the outlet hole, the third synchronizing wheel and the first synchronizing wheel.
Because the raw materials and the auxiliary materials generally exist in the form of piled particles, the raw materials and the auxiliary materials can roll and fall out of the third conveying belt, and the arc-shaped holes and the saddle wheels are arranged, so that the cross section of the third conveying belt in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction can be matched to be in an arc shape, namely, the two sides are high and the middle is low, the materials are concentrated in the middle area of the conveying belt after entering the surface of the conveying belt, and even if the materials exist in the form of piled particles, the materials are difficult to roll and fall out towards the two sides, thereby reducing the loss of the materials in the conveying process, improving the precision of production control and further improving the production effect. The top end of the first synchronous wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole, so that the arc-shaped hole is propped against the surface of the conveyor belt, and the third conveyor belt is attached to the arc-shaped hole and forms a state with an arc-shaped section. And the third synchronizing wheel is arranged as a saddle wheel, so that the shape of a conveying belt before discharging is maintained, and the materials are prevented from falling in the process of feeding to discharging. The arrangement of the outlet opening closer to the first synchronizing wheel than to the third synchronizing wheel is convenient for the third discharge opening, i.e. only the third discharge opening is arranged on one side of the third synchronizing wheel, and the outlet slot can guide the third conveyor belt passing through the third synchronizing wheel to move towards the opposite side. The second synchronous wheel is arranged, so that the conveyor belt is prevented from being propped against the shell, and the abrasion of the surface of the conveyor belt is reduced.
Further, the arc hole edge is provided with a plurality of balls, and the outlet hole edge is provided with a plurality of balls. The arrangement of the balls is beneficial to reducing the abrasion of the third conveyor belt passing through the arc-shaped holes and the outlet holes, and the third conveyor belt can not generate resistance to movement basically, so that smooth transmission is facilitated.
Further, the third shell is connected with a negative pressure device which is communicated with the inner cavity of the third shell and the outdoor environment. Because the third conveyor belt needs to move continuously, the arc-shaped holes and the outlet holes of the third conveyor belt need to reserve the space needed by the sliding of the conveyor belt, the third shell of the closed conveyor belt mechanism may not be completely closed, but the negative pressure state in the third shell can be maintained all the time by arranging the negative pressure device, so that dust and waste gas in the closed conveyor belt mechanism are discharged outside or collected.
Further, the device also comprises more than one fourth conveying mechanism which is arranged at the upstream of the closed conveying belt mechanism and used for sealing and bearing, wherein the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the fourth shell and driven to helically convey materials, and a fourth feed inlet and a fourth discharge outlet are arranged on the fourth shell; or the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a plurality of scraping plates which are arranged in the shell and driven to move and convey materials, and a fourth feed port and a fourth discharge port are formed in the fourth shell; or, fourth conveying mechanism includes closed fourth casing, fourth conveyer belt, the fourth casing is equipped with fourth feed inlet, fourth discharge gate, the shape is the ascending arc of opening on the cross-section of perpendicular to direction of transfer of fourth conveyer belt, and the material passes through fourth feed inlet, fourth conveyer belt in proper order and reaches fourth discharge gate.
Through setting up the more than one fourth conveying mechanism who accepts in closed conveyer belt mechanism upstream, can realize long distance transmission equally, further separate the same transportation distance for a plurality of short transportation distances, be favorable to using first conveying mechanism or closed conveyer belt structure etc. that the conveying distance is shorter, make overall structure more easy replacement, maintenance. For the single first conveying mechanism with longer conveying distance, the spiral blade has heavier load on the driving part, and the conveying effect and the stirring effect are limited. For a closed conveyor mechanism with a longer conveying distance, when the conveying distance is longer, the middle part of the conveyor belt is easy to sink, and besides the conveying effect is influenced, the conveyor belt is also more easy to damage and cannot be used continuously. The same long-distance transmission is realized through the connection of the plurality of transmission mechanisms, so that the arrangement of the transmission mechanisms is facilitated, the maintenance and replacement of the whole transmission mechanism are facilitated, and the loss of each transmission mechanism can be effectively reduced due to the short transmission distance.
Further, the device comprises a collecting and maintaining device, the collecting and maintaining device comprises a collecting cavity, a maintaining door is arranged on one side of the collecting cavity, the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism is borne in the collecting cavity, and a drain hole is formed in the bottom end of the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism. The maintenance door is a door structure arranged on the side wall of the collecting cavity, and maintenance personnel can open the maintenance door so as to maintain and clean the drain hole and the collecting cavity conveniently. Since the scraper is generally effective in transporting water unlike a helical blade, some of the transported water cannot be transported further and is deposited on the lower side of the second transporting mechanism. If the deposition is continued, the entry and the transmission of subsequent materials are not facilitated, the timely discharge is facilitated through the drain hole, or the deposited water is independently and continuously transported, so that the influence on the transmission effect caused by the continuous deposition of the deposited water and other raw materials in a single container is avoided.
Further, a recoil pump for dredging the drain hole is arranged on the drain hole side of the second conveying mechanism. Because the nicotine raw and auxiliary materials and water are mixed to form larger caking, the blocking of the drain hole is easy to be caused in the drainage process, and the drain hole can be dredged through the recoil pump. Specifically, the drain hole is connected with a branch pipeline, one branch is used for draining water, the other branch is communicated with the drain hole and the recoil pump, when the recoil pump is needed to be used, the branch used for draining water is closed, the recoil pump and the corresponding branch of the recoil pump are started, and then the drain hole can be recoiled, so that the drain hole is dredged. Specifically, the recoil pump is a pneumatic pump that provides a high pressure air flow.
Further, the first conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, and the first discharge port end is lower than the first feed port end. When the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying the water component, if the first conveying mechanism is horizontally arranged, the water component can also partially flow to the side opposite to the conveying direction due to unidirectional transportation of the spiral blade which is not completely closed, and adhesion with other raw materials and auxiliary materials is easily caused to influence the efficiency of subsequent conveying. When the water pump is obliquely arranged, water does not need to be considered to move to the opposite side, and the water component can wash the raw and auxiliary materials at the downstream to continuously move along the conveying direction.
Further, when the first conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the first conveying mechanism and the horizontal plane is 5-15 degrees. The first conveying mechanism is arranged to have a certain inclination angle, so that the water can be prevented from moving in the opposite direction to the conveying direction, and the stirring effect of the original spiral conveying is conveniently maintained. If the inclination angle is too large, the material moves faster under the action of gravity, and the stirring effect of the spiral blade is weakened, so that a certain angle needs to be maintained to keep the advantages of the spiral blade.
Further, the upper part of the fermentation equipment is also provided with a negative pressure exhaust mechanism communicated with the outside. The fermentation process comprises an aging/alkalizing process, and in the process, waste gas is generated, so that the waste gas generated in the fermentation tank can be discharged in time by arranging a negative pressure exhaust mechanism. Further, the negative pressure exhaust mechanism comprises a pipeline communicated with the outdoor environment and a negative pressure fan arranged in the pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: through setting up transmission environment relatively confined first conveying mechanism, second conveying mechanism, fermentation equipment for before the fermentation, the fermentation in-process all keep comparatively confined environment, effectively prevent the scattering of dust, waste gas in the production process, thereby keep clean, friendly workshop environment, avoid producing health problem to workshop staff. Meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring that dust and waste gas are not scattered, the application adopts a spiral conveying mode and can provide a certain stirring effect, and even if special stirring equipment is not used, the application can realize a basic stirring function by utilizing the first conveying mechanism and realize multiple purposes. The application also designs a second conveying mechanism for conveying wet materials to be scraper conveying so as to provide sufficient conveying power and stability in consideration of the characteristics of agglomeration and density of the wet materials. On the basis of the basic scheme, the plurality of transmission mechanisms are arranged at the upstream of the first transmission mechanism so as to realize long-distance transmission through the cooperation of the plurality of transmission mechanisms, and the damage or the reduction of the transmission efficiency caused by overlong transmission distance of the independent first transmission mechanism can be avoided. The closed conveying belt mechanism is arranged at the upstream of the first conveying mechanism, so that the closed conveying belt mechanism has the advantages of conveying efficiency, long-distance conveying realized by matching, and meanwhile, the power required by conveying can be reduced. The whole can carry out multiple combination at first transport mechanism upstream to adapt to different production demands, the maneuverability is strong, the maintenance of being convenient for, replacement, also more stable. According to the application, the stirring equipment is arranged to further improve the mixing effect, the collection equipment is used to further eliminate adverse effects possibly caused by inclined and vertical transmission, the second conveying mechanism is ensured to continuously and smoothly convey materials, and the overall conveying efficiency is improved. The stirring tank, the negative pressure device and other structures are arranged to improve the stirring and sealing transmission effects, so that the production efficiency, the production quality and the like are further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a closed conveyor belt mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a saddle wheel structure according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Description of the drawings: a closed feed system 100, a first conveying mechanism 101, a first housing 1011, a first helical blade 1012, a first feed inlet 1013, a first discharge outlet 1014, a second conveying mechanism 102, a second housing 1021, a first scraper 1022, a second feed inlet 1023, a second discharge outlet 1024, a drain hole 1025, a fermentation apparatus 103, a fermentation chamber 1031, a fermentation inlet 1032; the negative pressure exhaust mechanism 1033, stirring apparatus 104, stirring outer housing 1041, stirring blade 1042, stirring inlet 1043, stirring outlet 1044, stirring tank 1045, discharging passage 1046, closed conveyor 105, third housing 1051, third conveyor 1052, third feed inlet 1053, third discharge outlet 1054, first timing wheel 1055, second timing wheel 1056, third timing wheel 1057, arc hole 1058, outlet hole 1059, negative pressure device 10510, collection and maintenance apparatus 106, collection chamber 1061, maintenance door 1062, fourth conveyor 107, fourth housing 1071, fourth screw blade 1072, fourth feed inlet 1073, fourth discharge outlet 1074.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the application. For better illustration of the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a closed feeding system 100, which comprises a first conveying mechanism 101, a second conveying mechanism 102 and a fermentation device 103, wherein the first conveying mechanism 101 comprises a closed first shell 1011 and a first spiral blade 1012 which is arranged in the first shell 1011 and is driven to spirally convey materials, and a first feeding port 1013 and a first discharging port 1014 are arranged on the first shell 1011; the second conveying mechanism 102 includes a closed second casing 1021, and a plurality of first scrapers 1022 disposed in the second casing 1021 and driven to move and convey materials, where a second feed port 1023 and a second discharge port 1024 are disposed on the second casing 1021; specifically, in this embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 101 is an auger conveyor, and the second conveying mechanism 102 is a scraper conveyor; the fermentation device 103 comprises a fermentation cavity 1031, and a fermentation inlet 1032 is arranged on the fermentation cavity 1031; the second inlet 1023 is sealingly received under the first outlet 1014, and the fermentation inlet 1032 is sealingly received under the second outlet 1024.
In combination with the fact that the fermentation apparatus 103 in the prior art generally has a higher height, the second conveying mechanism 102 in this embodiment is disposed obliquely, the second inlet 1023 is disposed on a lower side, and the second outlet 1024 is disposed on a higher side. Meanwhile, since the first conveying mechanism 101 also involves water transfer, in order to avoid the water from moving in the opposite direction to the transfer direction, the present embodiment further sets the first conveying mechanism 101 to be inclined, and the first outlet 1014 is lower than the first inlet 1013. In this embodiment, the angle between the inclined first conveying mechanism 101 and the horizontal plane is 5-15 °.
In order to facilitate observing the inside of the feeding system, the embodiment further provides that the first housing 1011 and the second housing 1021 are transparent housings; in order to timely remove the waste gas generated in the fermentation process, a negative pressure exhaust mechanism 1033 communicated with the outside is further arranged at the upper part of the fermentation equipment 103.
Although the spiral blade is utilized to achieve a certain stirring and mixing effect, the possible mixing effect is not obvious, and for this reason, in this embodiment, a stirring device 104 is further disposed between the first conveying mechanism 101 and the second conveying mechanism 102, so as to fully mix materials, and facilitate the subsequent fermentation process. Specifically, the stirring apparatus 104 includes a hollow stirring outer housing 1041, and a stirring vane 1042 disposed in the stirring outer housing 1041, where a stirring inlet 1043 and a stirring outlet 1044 are disposed on the stirring outer housing 1041; the stirring inlet 1043 is hermetically received under the first discharge port 1014, the second inlet 1023 is hermetically received under the stirring outlet 1046, and the fermentation inlet 1032 is hermetically received under the second discharge port 1024. If the intermittent stirring manner is adopted, that is, the manner of entering the stirring process and entering the second conveying mechanism 102 after the stirring is completed, the production efficiency is reduced, and in order not to reduce the production efficiency, the stirring manner is realized by arranging the stirring tank 1045 and the stirring blade 1042 on the upper portion of the stirring device 104 and stirring while discharging, so that the stirring device has the advantages of uniform mixing and production efficiency improvement. Specifically, in this embodiment, a stirring tank 1045 with an upward opening is disposed at the top of the stirring apparatus 104, stirring blades 1042 are disposed in the stirring tank 1045, a discharging channel 1046 is disposed between the edge of the opening of the stirring tank 1045 and the inner wall of the stirring outer casing 1041, and materials reach a stirring outlet 1044 through a stirring inlet 1043, the stirring tank 1045 and the discharging channel 1046. The height of the side wall of the stirring tank 1045 is 15-20 cm, and the height of the stirring vane 1042 is 5-15 cm.
In addition to the conventional groove structure with uniform height of the opening edge, the present embodiment can further set the side wall height of one side of the stirring groove 1045 lower than the side wall height of the other side, so as to further improve the stirring efficiency. And in order to facilitate the blanking, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell 1041 may be a cambered surface side wall with a cambered opening facing the inner side.
If the single first conveying mechanism 101 is used for conveying in a long distance in a spiral conveying manner, the first conveying mechanism 101 is heavy in load and consumes more energy, the service life of the first conveying mechanism 101 may be shortened, and the long-distance conveying effect is poor. And the long-distance conveying is completed through belt conveying and the matching of the first conveying mechanism 101, so that the load of a single conveying mechanism is reduced, the conveying effect is promoted, and the structure is more stable. For this purpose, in this embodiment, a closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 is further disposed upstream of the first conveying mechanism 101, where the closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 includes a closed third housing 1051 and a third conveyor belt 1052, the third housing 1051 is provided with a third feed port 1053 and a third discharge port 1054, the third discharge port 1054 is received on the second feed port 1023, and the third conveyor belt 1052 has an arc shape with an upward opening on a cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction, and materials sequentially pass through the third feed port 1053, the conveyor belt and the third discharge port 1054 to reach the second feed port 1023. The closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 can be used for entering powdery and granular raw materials, the first conveying mechanism 101 can be used for entering water, and the two mechanisms are connected to realize the transmission and mixing of the materials. The material inlet of each transmission structure can be designed and selected according to the requirement.
Specifically, the closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 is realized by the following structure: comprising a closed third housing 1051, a third conveyor belt 1052, a first synchronizing wheel 1055, a second synchronizing wheel 1056, a third synchronizing wheel 1057; the two ends of the third housing 1051 are respectively provided with a third feeding hole 1053 and a third discharging hole 1054, the third discharging hole 1054 is supported on the first feeding hole 1013, an arc hole 1058 with an upward arc opening is arranged on the end face of the third housing 1051 near the third feeding hole 1053, an outlet hole 1059 is arranged on the bottom surface near one side of the third discharging hole 1054, and the outlet hole 1059 is closer to the first synchronizing wheel 1055 than the third synchronizing wheel 1057 in the horizontal direction; the first synchronizing wheel 1055 is disposed outside the third housing 1051 at one side of the arc-shaped hole 1058 and the top end is higher than the arc-shaped hole 1058; the second synchronizing wheel 1056 is disposed at one side of the third housing 1051 near the third discharge port 1054, and the second synchronizing wheel 1056 is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel 1057 is disposed outside the third housing 1051, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel 1057 is lower than the third housing 1051, and the third conveyor belt 1052 sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel 1055, the arc-shaped hole 1058, the second synchronizing wheel 1056, the outlet hole 1059, the third synchronizing wheel 1057, and the first synchronizing wheel 1055. To reduce wear on the third conveyor belt 1052, the arcuate aperture 1058 and exit aperture 1059 are each provided with a plurality of balls along their edges in this embodiment. For convenience of illustration, the arcuate holes 1058 and the outlet holes 1059 are shown in fig. 1 as blocks, the arcuate hole structure 1058 can be seen in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of the third housing 1051 and the third conveyor 1052 partially cut away, and the second synchronizing wheel 1056 can be seen in fig. 3.
Since the arc-shaped hole 1058 and the outlet hole 1059 need to provide space for the movement of the conveyor belt, a certain gap exists, and in order to avoid the dust and the waste gas from overflowing, in this embodiment, the third housing 1051 is further connected with a negative pressure device 10510 that communicates the inner cavity of the third housing 1051 with the outdoor environment.
Specifically, the embodiment further includes a collection and maintenance device 106, where the collection and maintenance device 106 includes a collection cavity 1061 with an upward opening, a maintenance door 1062 is disposed on one side of the collection cavity 1061, a feed inlet side of the second conveying mechanism 102 is carried in the collection cavity 1061, and a drain hole 1025 is formed at a bottom end of the feed inlet side of the second conveying mechanism 102. In order to avoid the drain hole 1025 from being blocked, a recoil pump (not shown in the figure) for dredging the drain hole 1025 is further provided on the drain hole 1025 side of the second conveying mechanism 102 in this embodiment. In addition to collecting the effluent, separate branches may also be collected and utilized for transportation into the fermentation apparatus 103. For example, a water collecting chamber is arranged at the bottom of the collecting cavity 1061 in this embodiment, and a pumping pipeline is connected to the water collecting chamber, through which the water in the water collecting chamber can be drained to the fermentation apparatus 103.
In addition to the above-mentioned first conveyor mechanism 101 having the closed conveyor mechanism 105 disposed upstream and shortening the transmission distance of the single conveyor mechanism, the present embodiment further shortens the transmission length required for each individual conveyor mechanism by disposing more than one fourth conveyor mechanism 107 upstream of the closed conveyor mechanism 105, and is more suitable for use in various environments and demands. Specifically, more than one fourth conveying mechanism 107 can be disposed upstream of the closed conveying belt mechanism 105 and sequentially sealed and supported, the fourth conveying mechanism 107 includes a closed fourth housing 1071, and a fourth spiral blade 1072 disposed in the fourth housing 1071 and driven to screw materials, and a fourth feed port 1073 and a fourth discharge port 1074 are disposed on the fourth housing 1071; and/or the fourth conveying mechanism 107 comprises a closed fourth shell 1071 and a plurality of fourth scrapers arranged in the shell and driven to move and convey materials, wherein a fourth feed port 1073 and a fourth discharge port 1074 are arranged on the fourth shell 1071; and/or the fourth conveying mechanism 107 comprises a closed fourth shell 1071 and a fourth conveying belt, the fourth shell 1071 is provided with a fourth feeding port 1073 and a fourth discharging port 1074, the shape of the fourth conveying belt on the section perpendicular to the conveying direction is arc-shaped with an upward opening, and materials sequentially pass through the fourth feeding port 1073 and the fourth conveying belt to reach the fourth discharging port 1074. In this embodiment, a fourth conveying mechanism having the same structure as the first conveying mechanism is used before the conveyor belt is closed, so as to further shorten the conveying distance required by each conveying mechanism separately. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first housing 1011, the second housing 1021, the third housing 1051, and the fourth housing 1071 are all rectangular solids.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present application are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application to the specific embodiments thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. that comes within the spirit and principle of the claims of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The closed feeding system is characterized by comprising a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the first shell and driven to helically convey materials, and a first feeding hole and a first discharging hole are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scraping plates which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move and convey materials, and a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is arranged on the fermentation cavity; the second feeding port is hermetically connected under the stirring material outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected under the second discharging port;
the closed feeding system further comprises a closed conveying belt mechanism, the closed conveying belt mechanism comprises a closed third shell and a third conveying belt, the third shell is provided with a third feeding port and a third discharging port, the third discharging port is connected to the first feeding port, the shape of the third conveying belt on the section perpendicular to the conveying direction is an arc with an upward opening, and materials sequentially pass through the third feeding port, the third conveying belt and the third discharging port to reach the second feeding port;
the closed conveyor belt mechanism comprises a closed third shell, a third conveyor belt, a first synchronous wheel, a second synchronous wheel and a third synchronous wheel; the two ends of the third shell are respectively provided with a third feeding hole and a third discharging hole, the third discharging hole is connected to the first feeding hole, an arc-shaped hole with an upward arc-shaped opening is arranged on the end face of one end of the third shell, which is close to the third feeding hole, and an outlet hole is arranged on the bottom surface, which is close to one side of the third discharging hole; the first synchronous wheel is arranged outside the third shell, at one side of the arc-shaped hole and the top end of the first synchronous wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole; the second synchronous wheel is arranged at one side of the third shell close to the third discharge hole and is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel is arranged outside the third shell, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel is lower than the third shell, and the third conveyor belt sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel, the arc-shaped hole, the second synchronizing wheel, the outlet hole, the third synchronizing wheel and the first synchronizing wheel.
2. The closed feed system according to claim 1, further comprising a stirring device arranged between the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring outer shell with a hollow interior and stirring blades arranged in the stirring outer shell, and a stirring material inlet and a stirring material outlet are arranged on the stirring outer shell; the stirring material inlet is hermetically connected under the first discharge hole, the second feeding hole is hermetically connected under the stirring material outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected under the second discharge hole.
3. The closed feeding system according to claim 2, wherein the stirring device is provided with a stirring tank with an upward opening at the top, stirring blades are arranged in the stirring tank, a discharging channel is arranged between the edge of the opening of the stirring tank and the inner wall of the stirring outer shell, and materials reach the stirring outlet through the stirring inlet, the stirring tank and the discharging channel.
4. The closed feed system according to claim 1, wherein the third housing is connected to a negative pressure device that communicates the third housing interior chamber with the outdoor environment.
5. The closed feed system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more fourth conveying mechanisms arranged at the upstream of the closed conveyor belt mechanism and in sealing connection, wherein the fourth conveying mechanisms comprise a closed fourth shell and helical blades arranged in the fourth shell and driven to helically convey materials, and a fourth feed port and a fourth discharge port are arranged on the fourth shell; or the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a plurality of scraping plates which are arranged in the shell and driven to move and convey materials, and a fourth feed port and a fourth discharge port are formed in the fourth shell; or, fourth conveying mechanism includes closed fourth casing, conveyer belt, the fourth casing is equipped with fourth feed inlet, fourth discharge gate, the conveyer belt is the ascending arc of opening in the cross-section of perpendicular to direction of delivery, and the material passes through fourth feed inlet, conveyer belt in proper order and reaches fourth discharge gate.
6. The closed feed system of claim 1, further comprising a collection maintenance device comprising a collection chamber, a maintenance door is provided on one side of the collection chamber, the second conveyor feed inlet side is carried within the collection chamber, and a drain hole is provided at a bottom end of the second conveyor feed inlet side.
7. The closed feed system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first conveyor mechanism is disposed at an incline with the first discharge port end being lower than the first feed port end.
8. The closed feed system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the upper part of the fermentation apparatus is further provided with a negative pressure exhaust mechanism.
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| CN202111522284.7A CN114180314B (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Closed feeding system |
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| CN202111522284.7A CN114180314B (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Closed feeding system |
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