CN114176157A

CN114176157A - Green additive for inhibiting coccidiosis of livestock and poultry, preparation method and application

Info

Publication number: CN114176157A
Application number: CN202111350254.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 耿文静; 王改琴; 胡涛; 沈波; 徐瑞; 刘春雪
Original assignee: Anyou Biotechnology Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Anyou Biotechnology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-15
Filing date: 2021-11-15
Publication date: 2022-03-15

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of coccidium prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a green additive for inhibiting livestock and poultry coccidium, a preparation method and an application, wherein the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-10 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10-30 parts of tannin, 7-20 parts of saponin, 5-15 parts of flavonoid, 5-15 parts of neem extract, 5-15 parts of echinacea purpurea extract, 5-15 parts of crataegolic acid, 5-15 parts of holarrhena extract, 20-50 parts of carrier and 200.5-2 parts of tween-200. The plant essential oil compound, the tannins, the saponin, the neem extract, the flavonoid and the maslinic acid in the application can kill coccidium and reduce the coccidium quantity; tannin, saponin, and extract of ramulus et folium Rapae can protect intestinal mucosa and reduce bloody stool; the plant essential oil compound and the echinacea purpurea extract can improve the immunity of organisms and activate the humoral immunity and the cellular immunity to coccidian; the plant essential oil compound, tannins, flavonoids and crataegolic acid can reduce oxidative stress caused by coccidiosis; the active ingredients are natural substances, can be used for a long time, and have low dosage without influencing the palatability.

Description

Green additive for inhibiting coccidiosis of livestock and poultry, preparation method and application

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of coccidium prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a green additive for inhibiting coccidium of livestock and poultry.

Background

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease, damages intestinal tracts of livestock and poultry, and is acute epidemic parasitic disease caused by one or more coccidia parasitizing on intestinal mucosal epithelial cells of livestock and poultry. The drugs currently used for inhibiting coccidia in poultry raising mainly include polyether ionophore antibiotics and chemosynthetic drugs. Because the coccidian is very easy to generate drug resistance, alternating and shuttling drugs are required to be continuously used, and the problems of excessive drug use, treatment emphasis on prevention and the like generally exist in the prior breeding process. In livestock breeding, coccidium inhibition is mainly carried out by pouring chemosynthetic drugs such as chlorothalonil and the like in the lactation period. These drugs have problems of toxic residue and the like, and seriously threaten food safety.

Coccidian oocysts in the environment are not easy to completely remove, so that coccidiosis is caused to repeatedly attack, and especially, the coccidiosis is particularly serious for ground-raised broiler chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine can be used for resisting coccidiosis, but the traditional Chinese medicine powder is large in adding amount and possibly influences palatability. The traditional Chinese medicine powder and the extract have unsatisfactory anticoccidial effect, and are difficult to completely replace anticoccidial medicines. In the lactation period of the pigs, the coccidiosis is seriously threatened, the coccidiosis infection rate is very high in other stages, and the production performance of the pigs is reduced. At present, the application requirements of laws and regulations on coccidiostat are more and more strict, and the development of green, safe and effective coccidiostat substitutes is urgently needed, and the long-term addition of the coccidiostat substitutes into feed and drinking water can play an effective inhibiting role, thereby reducing the use of the coccidiostat and ensuring the safety of livestock and poultry products.

Chinese patent document CN 106578375A discloses a feed additive capable of preventing goose coccidiosis, which comprises the following raw materials: omphalia lapidescens, chinaberry bark, cacumen biotae, fructus cnidii, ailanthus altissima bark, marigold, maidenhair, derris, fructus amomi, bighead atractylodes rhizome, dried orange peel, honey-fried licorice root, pomelo peel, garlic, pumpkin and soybean, wherein the preparation method of the additive comprises the steps of firstly carrying out steam treatment on raw materials, carrying out ultraviolet sterilization and then decocting; concentrating the liquid obtained by boiling, adding ethanol for refluxing, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure, adding acetone for leaching for 25-28h, and recovering acetone under reduced pressure to obtain residual liquid; drying the solid obtained by boiling and crushing to obtain raw material micro powder; and finally, standing the residual liquid for 10-13h at 3-5 ℃, and mixing and stirring the residual liquid and the raw material micro powder to obtain the feed additive. The obtained additive has the effects of resisting bacteria, killing insects, improving the immunity of organisms, protecting mucous membranes and reducing the use of antibiotics, but the additive is directly prepared from natural raw materials, so that the process is complex, the difference of the raw materials is easy to cause uncontrollable effect of the additive, and the additive is directly prepared from the natural raw materials, has very large addition amount and needs to be added with the feed according to the proportion of 0.2-0.3:1, so that the palatability of the feed can be influenced.

In view of the above, there is a need for an anticoccidial additive which is green and safe, can be used for a long period of time, does not affect the palatability of feed or drinking water, and has a simple preparation method.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the application discloses a green additive for inhibiting coccidium of livestock and poultry, wherein the coccidium can be directly killed and the coccidium number can be reduced by adopting plant essential oil compounds, tannins, saponin, neem extract, flavonoid and maslinic acid in the green additive; tannin, saponin and antidiarrheal extract can protect intestinal mucosa and reduce bloody stool; the plant essential oil compound and the echinacea purpurea extract are beneficial to improving the immunity level of the organism and activating the humoral immunity and the cellular immunity of coccidium; the plant essential oil compound, the tannins, the flavonoids and the maslinic acid can also reduce the oxidative stress caused by coccidiosis; the active ingredients are all natural substances, are green and safe, can be used for a long time, and are all effective ingredients in the additive, so that the dosage is small, and the palatability of feed or drinking water is not influenced.

On the one hand, the application provides a green additive for inhibiting livestock and poultry coccidian, and the following technical scheme is adopted:

the green additive for inhibiting the coccidian of the livestock and poultry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-10 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10-30 parts of tannin, 7-20 parts of saponin, 5-15 parts of flavonoid, 5-15 parts of neem extract, 5-15 parts of echinacea purpurea extract, 5-15 parts of crataegolic acid, 5-15 parts of holarrhena extract, 20-50 parts of carrier and 200.5-2 parts of tween-200.

Preferably, the essential oil compound comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-2 parts of fennel oil, 0.5-2 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.2-1 part of turmeric oil resin, 0.2-1 part of capsicum oleoresin, 0.2-1 part of sage oil and 0.2-1 part of vanillin.

Preferably, the tannin is one or more of Galla chinensis extract, fructus Chebulae extract, fructus Phyllanthi extract, Tara powder extract, chestnut extract, oak extract, quebracho extract, and cortex Pini extract.

Preferably, the saponin is one or more of yucca saponin, fenugreek saponin, quillaja saponin, dioscin, sapindus saponin, gypenoside, and agave saponin.

Preferably, the flavonoid is one or more of apigenin, xanthohumol, quercetin, and procyanidin.

Preferably, the carrier is cationic cyclodextrin and sodium tripolyphosphate, and the mass ratio of the cationic cyclodextrin to the sodium tripolyphosphate is 0.5-0.8: 1.

In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a green additive for inhibiting coccidian of livestock and poultry, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a green additive for inhibiting coccidium of livestock and poultry comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin water solution, adding plant essential oil complex, saponin, flavonoid, neem extract and tween-20 into water, stirring for 10-20min to form emulsion, dripping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin water solution, and continuously stirring for 3-4h to obtain primary solution;

(2) adding tannin, Echinacea purpurea extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 30-40min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

(3) dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, adding the mixture powder into the sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, stirring for 2-3h, and spray drying to obtain green additive.

In a third aspect, the application provides an application of a green additive for inhibiting livestock and poultry coccidian, which adopts the following technical scheme:

an application of a green additive for inhibiting livestock coccidian, which comprises the following steps: the green additive is added into feed or drinking water.

Preferably, the adding proportion of the feed additive to the feed is 100-2000 g/t; the dilution ratio of the water-soluble additive to the drinking water is 1:500-1: 8000.

Preferably, the application objects of the green additive for inhibiting the coccidia of livestock and poultry comprise poultry, pigs, rabbits, cattle, sheep, dogs and minks.

The application has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the plant essential oil compound, the tannins, the saponin, the neem extract, the flavonoid and the maslinic acid adopted in the green additive can directly kill coccidium and reduce the coccidium quantity; tannin, saponin and antidiarrheal extract can protect intestinal mucosa and reduce bloody stool; the plant essential oil compound and the echinacea purpurea extract are beneficial to improving the immunity level of the organism and activating the humoral immunity and the cellular immunity of coccidium; the plant essential oil compound, the tannins, the flavonoids and the maslinic acid can also reduce the oxidative stress caused by coccidiosis; the active ingredients are all natural substances, are green and safe, can be used for a long time, and are all effective ingredients in the additive, so that the dosage is small, and the palatability of feed or drinking water is not influenced.

(2) The green additive has an inhibiting effect on spores and schizonts (sporozoites, first generation and second generation schizonts) of various Eimeria and isospora, interferes the life cycle of coccidia by preventing the formation of oocyst spores, the invasion of sporozoites and the maturation of the schizonts, and reduces the incidence rate; protecting and repairing gastrointestinal tract mucosa, improving intestinal villus, and promoting digestion and absorption of nutrients; reducing necrotic enteritis, coccidiosis diarrhea and bloody stool; effectively controlling bacterial diseases such as escherichia coli, salmonella, clostridium and the like, and regulating intestinal flora; improving the immunity of organisms, improving the health level of poultry and promoting the growth of animals; the intestinal health is improved, the emission of ammonia gas and other harmful odors is reduced, and the culture performance is improved;

(4) the green additive has high safety to various livestock and poultry such as poultry, sows, piglets, ruminants and the like, has small addition amount and obvious coccidian resistance effect, can be used for a long time, and can partially or completely replace coccidian resistance medicines. The green additive can be directly added into a waterline and a feed, is very convenient to use, and can be mixed for use by feed factories and farmers. Under the more and more high condition of degree of automation of feeding at present, it is inconvenient that raiser uses the stockline to mix the material for a bit, and this additive can directly be used for drinking water, has solved the problem of on-the-spot use difficulty, and no drug resistance can reduce the use of anticoccidial agent, provides the guarantee for producing green safe beasts and birds product.

(5) According to the preparation method, the cyclodextrin is firstly adopted to coat the oil-soluble substance, so that the water solubility of the oil-soluble substance is improved, and the slow release effect is achieved.

Detailed Description

The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Example 1

Preparing raw materials: 6 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10 parts of nutgall extract, 10 parts of chestnut extract, 7 parts of yucca saponin, 7 parts of quillaja saponin, 5 parts of apigenin, 5 parts of xanthohumol, 10 parts of neem extract, 10 parts of echinacea extract, 10 parts of maslinic acid, 10 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 35 parts of cationic cyclodextrin and 1 part of tween-20.

Wherein the plant essential oil compound is a mixture of the following components: 1.2 parts of anise oil, 1.2 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.6 part of turmeric oleoresin, 0.6 part of capsicum oleoresin, 0.6 part of sage oil and 0.6 part of vanillin (in practical cases, the plant essential oil complex can be formulated at magnification as required to meet the demand of the plant essential oil complex in "stock preparation", as can be the case with the following examples and comparative examples).

Preparing a green additive:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin carrier in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin water solution, adding plant essential oil complex, yucca saponin, quillaja saponin, apigenin, xanthohumol, neem extract and tween-20 into water, stirring for 15min to form emulsion, dripping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin water solution, and continuously stirring for 3.5h to obtain primary solution;

(2) adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut extract, purple coneflower extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder, i.e. green additive.

Example 2

Preparing raw materials: 6 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10 parts of nutgall extract, 10 parts of chestnut extract, 7 parts of yucca saponin, 7 parts of quillaja saponin, 5 parts of apigenin, 5 parts of xanthohumol, 10 parts of neem extract, 10 parts of echinacea extract, 10 parts of crataegolic acid, 10 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 14 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 21 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1 part of tween-20.

Wherein the plant essential oil compound is a mixture of the following components: 1.2 parts of fennel oil, 1.2 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.6 part of turmeric oil resin, 0.6 part of capsicum oleoresin, 0.6 part of sage oil and 0.6 part of vanillin.

Preparing a green additive:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, adding plant essential oil complex, yucca saponin, quillaja saponin, apigenin, xanthohumol, neem extract and tween-20 into water, stirring for 15min to form emulsion, dripping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, and continuously stirring for 3.5h to obtain primary solution;

(2) adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut extract, purple coneflower extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

(3) dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in water, filtering off insoluble substances to obtain sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, adding the mixture powder into the sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, stirring for 2.5h, and spray drying to obtain the green additive.

Example 3

Preparing raw materials: 3 parts of plant essential oil compound, 5 parts of myrobalan extract, 2 parts of oak extract, 3 parts of quebracho extract, 2 parts of fenugreek saponin, 2 parts of dioscin, 3 parts of sapindus saponin, 2 parts of quercetin, 3 parts of procyanidine, 5 parts of neem extract, 5 parts of echinacea extract, 5 parts of crataegolic acid, 5 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 7 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 13 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.5 part of tween-20.

Wherein the plant essential oil compound is a mixture of the following components: 0.5 part of fennel oil, 0.5 part of citrus essential oil, 0.2 part of turmeric oil resin, 0.2 part of capsicum oleoresin, 0.2 part of sage oil and 0.2 part of vanillin.

Preparing a green additive:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin water solution, adding plant essential oil complex, semen Trigonellae saponin, dioscin, soapberry saponin, quercetin, procyanidin, neem extract and tween-20 into water, stirring for 10min to form emulsion, dripping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin water solution, and continuously stirring for 3h to obtain primary solution;

(2) adding fructus Chebulae extract, oak extract, quebracho extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 30min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

(3) dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in water, filtering off insoluble substances to obtain sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, adding the mixture powder into the sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, stirring for 2h, and spray drying to obtain the green additive.

Example 4

Preparing raw materials: 10 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10 parts of emblic leafflower fruit extract, 10 parts of tara powder extract, 10 parts of pine bark extract, 10 parts of gypenoside, 10 parts of agave saponin, 7 parts of xanthohumol, 8 parts of quercetin, 15 parts of neem extract, 15 parts of echinacea extract, 15 parts of maslinic acid, 15 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 22 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 28 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 2 parts of tween-20.

Wherein the plant essential oil compound is a mixture of the following components: 2 parts of fennel oil, 2 parts of citrus essential oil, 1 part of turmeric oil resin, 1 part of capsicum oleoresin, 1 part of sage oil and 1 part of vanillin.

Preparing a green additive:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, adding plant essential oil complex, gypenoside, agave saponin, xanthohumol, quercetin, neem extract and tween-20 into water, stirring for 20min to form emulsion, dripping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, and stirring for 4 hr to obtain primary solution;

(2) adding fructus Phyllanthi extract, Tara powder extract, cortex Pini extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 40min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

(3) dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, adding the mixture powder into the sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, stirring for 3h, and spray drying to obtain the green additive.

Example 5

Preparing a green additive:

(2) dissolving sodium tripolyphosphate in water, filtering to remove insoluble substances to obtain sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut wood extract, purple coneflower extract, crataegolic acid and antidiarrheal wood extract into sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution, and stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution;

(3) and adding the secondary solution into the primary solution, stirring for 2.5h, and spray-drying to obtain the green additive.

Comparative example 1 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: the plant essential oil complex used in comparative example 1 did not contain anise oil.

Comparative example 2 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: the plant essential oil complex used in comparative example 2 did not contain citrus essential oil.

Comparative example 3 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: the plant essential oil composition used in comparative example 3 did not contain turmeric oil resin.

Comparative example 4 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: the vegetable essential oil complex used in comparative example 4 did not contain capsicum oleoresin.

Comparative example 5 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: comparative example 5 used a plant essential oil composition that did not contain sage oil.

Comparative example 6 is essentially the same as example 2, except that: the plant essential oil complex used in comparative example 6 does not contain vanillin.

Comparative example 7

Preparing raw materials: 8 parts of plant essential oil compound, 12 parts of nutgall extract, 10 parts of chestnut extract, 7 parts of yucca saponin, 7 parts of quillaja saponin, 7 parts of apigenin, 5 parts of xanthohumol, 12 parts of echinacea extract, 12 parts of maslinic acid, 10 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 14 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 21 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1 part of tween-20.

Preparing a green additive:

(1) dissolving cationic cyclodextrin in water, filtering off insoluble substances to obtain cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, adding plant essential oil compound, yucca saponin, quillaja saponin, apigenin, xanthohumol and tween-20 into water, stirring for 15min to form emulsion, dropping the emulsion into cationic cyclodextrin aqueous solution, and continuously stirring for 3.5h after dropping to obtain primary solution;

Comparative example 8

Preparing raw materials: 16 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10 parts of nutgall extract, 10 parts of chestnut extract, 7 parts of yucca saponin, 7 parts of quillaja saponin, 5 parts of apigenin, 5 parts of xanthohumol, 10 parts of neem extract, 10 parts of maslinic acid, 10 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 14 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 21 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1 part of tween-20.

Preparing a green additive:

(2) adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut extract, maslinic acid and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

Comparative example 9

Preparing raw materials: 6 parts of plant essential oil compound, 12 parts of nutgall extract, 10 parts of chestnut extract, 9 parts of yucca saponin, 7 parts of quillaja saponin, 5 parts of apigenin, 7 parts of xanthohumol, 12 parts of neem extract, 12 parts of echinacea extract, 10 parts of antidiarrheal extract, 14 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 21 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1 part of tween-20.

Preparing a green additive:

(2) adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut extract, purple coneflower extract and antidiarrheal extract into the primary solution, stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

Comparative example 10

Preparing raw materials: 6 parts of plant essential oil compound, 13 parts of nutgall extract, 12 parts of chestnut extract, 9 parts of yucca saponin, 10 parts of quillaja saponin, 5 parts of apigenin, 5 parts of xanthohumol, 10 parts of neem extract, 10 parts of echinacea extract, 10 parts of maslinic acid, 14 parts of cationic cyclodextrin, 21 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1 part of tween-20.

Preparing a green additive:

(2) adding Galla chinensis extract, chestnut extract, purple coneflower extract and maslinic acid into the primary solution, stirring for 35min to obtain secondary solution, and spray drying the secondary solution to obtain mixture powder;

First, in vitro coccidiosis assay:

the Eimeria tenella is separated from the experimental chicken farm of Yiyoushanghai, and is propagated and rejuvenated by chicken bodies before the experiment begins to obtain fresh non-sporulated coccidia oocysts for later use. 5mL of the solutions of the anticoccidial green additive prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were added to the petri dish at respective concentrations of 0.125mg/mL, 0.25mg/mL, and 0.5 mg/mL. 5mL of 5X 10-containing solution was added to each culture dish⁶The oocyst suspension of E.tenella was not sporulated, and the oocyst sporulation rate was counted in 3 replicates per group after 2 days of culture at 28 ℃. Calculating the formula: the oocyst sporulation rate is equal to the number of mature oocysts/(number of immature oocysts + number of mature oocysts) × 100%. And 2.5 percent of potassium dichromate and 0.05 percent of diclazuril solution are used as a control.

TABLE 1 Effect of Green additives on coccidiosis rates in vitro%

As shown in Table 1, the effect of the additive concentration of 0.5mg/mL in examples 1-5 was slightly better than that of the diclazuril control group in the coccidian in vitro test, and the effect of example 2 was the best. The effects of comparative examples 1 to 10 were lower than those of examples, and particularly comparative examples 7 to 10 were the worst.

Compared with the example 2, the plant essential oil compound used in the comparative examples 1 to 6 does not contain anise oil, citrus essential oil, turmeric oil resin, capsicum oleoresin, sage oil and vanillin respectively, so that the coccidia sporulation rate of 0.5mg/mL additive concentration is increased from (18.22 +/-0.28)% to (21.22 +/-0.49)% - (23.01 +/-0.28)% of the example 2, and the simultaneous addition of the six components in the plant essential oil compound used in the application has better synergistic effect and can effectively inhibit coccidia.

Comparative examples 7 to 10 neem extract, echinacea extract, maslinic acid, and antidiarrheal extract were removed and replaced with other components, respectively, and their effects were lower than those of example 2. The above shows that the selected and added components play a certain role in the additive, the compounding of the components is helpful for obtaining the anticoccidial green additive with better effect, and the removal of any one substance can influence the final anticoccidial effect.

Second, according to the results of the in vitro coccidiosis test, the green additive prepared in example 2 was selected for animal experiments:

first, 90 chicks of 15 days old were randomly divided into 6 groups by body weight, including example 2 anti-coccidial green additive 250g/t group, example 2 anti-coccidial green additive 500g/t group, example 2 anti-coccidial green additive drinking water 1:4000, diclazuril, infection and healthy controls. Adding the above medicines and additives into feed and drinking water at an amount of 300mg/kg at 15 days old. All groups except the healthy control group were orally infected with Eimeria tenella coccidian sporulated oocysts at 15 days of age at 4.0X 10⁴A/only. Then, the animals were raised to 22 days of age.

The anticoccidial index (ACI) was calculated from the relative weight gain, survival rate, lesion value and oocyst value of each group of test chickens according to the calculation formula of Merck corporation: ACI ═ (relative rate of weight gain + survival) × 100- (lesion value + oocyst value).

TABLE 2 application Effect of anticoccidial green additive in broiler chickens

As can be seen from Table 2, the effect of the anti-coccidium additive prepared in example 2 added to the 250g/t feed group and the 1:4000 drinking water group is not much different from that of the diclazuril group, and the effect of the anti-coccidium additive prepared in example 2 added to the 500g/t feed group is significantly better than that of the diclazuril group.

And (II) in the experiment base of the Ganzhou Shanghai poultry, 270 broilers with similar weight and age of 1 day are selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, namely a positive control group, a negative control group and an experiment group, wherein each group is 6 in repetition, and each group is 15 in repetition. The test period was 42 days, and the grouping is shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 test diets and groups

Grouping	Adding amount of
		Positive control group	Containing anticoccidial (salinomycin + nicarbazin)
Negative control group	All anticoccidial agents are removed
		Test group	The anticoccidial is removed completely and 500g/t of the additive prepared in example 2 is added

The ground is raised flatly, the broiler chickens are fed according to the raising rules, and the broiler chickens can be fed freely and can be drunk freely. Note that no anticoccidial drug was added during the experiment. In addition, the feed intake of the chickens was recorded during the test, the chickens were weighed at the beginning and end of the test and the feed conversion ratio was calculated.

And (4) recording the number of dead chickens and eliminated chickens, and calculating the death and elimination rate after the experiment is finished.

Detecting and counting chicken manure coccidian eggs: at test 21, at 42 days 50g of faeces were collected at random in each column and oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG values) were calculated according to Mc Master's method.

The duodenum (anterior small intestine), middle small intestine and cecum lesions were scored separately. The scoring criteria were the same as the criteria for cecal lesions (table 4).

TABLE 4 Scoring Standard for cecal lesions

TABLE 5 Effect of anticoccidial green additives on broiler productivity instead of anticoccidial drugs

TABLE 6 Effect of anticoccidial Green additives on broiler faecal Coccida number instead of anticoccidial drugs

Item	Positive control group	Negative control group	Test group
				21d	1235±25^a	8325±149^b	812±23^a
42d	1312±63^a	10520±345^b	930±49^a

TABLE 7 Effect of anticoccidial Green additives in place of anticoccidial drugs on broiler intestinal lesion scores

As can be seen from tables 5-7, the daily gain, the feed-weight ratio, the coccidia incidence, the 21d and 42d fecal coccidia number and the intestinal lesion score of the test group are better than those of the positive control group and are obviously better than those of the negative control group (P <0.05) in the whole period of the test.

(III) anticoccidial test on weaned piglets. The test was carried out in a pig farm in Jiangsu where coccidia occurred. Coccidiosis often occurs in the pig farm, and the piglets are seriously diarrhea. 216 weaned piglets aged 21 days are selected, and random groups are divided into 3 groups according to the principles of similar body weight, similar genetic basis and half sex, wherein the control group, the 250g/t group of the coccidian-resistant green additive prepared in the example 2 and the 500g/t group of the coccidian-resistant green additive prepared in the example 2 are provided with 6 repetitions of each group, and each 12 pigs are repeated. The test period was 14 days. And (4) observing the rule and health condition of the piglets for feeding, excreting the feces and urinating, recording the feed intake, the number of diarrhea heads, the diarrhea index, the morbidity and the mortality every day, finding out abnormal conditions, treating in time and recording. Weighing according to circles at the beginning and the end of the formal test, and accurately recording. At the beginning and end of the experiment, feces collected from the rectum of each piglet were subjected to a saturated sugar-saline flotation method to detect the coccidian amount, and the oocyst count (OPG) per gram of feces was quantitatively checked by a Mach counting method.

TABLE 8 influence of anticoccidial green additives on weaned piglets production Performance

Group of	Control group	EXAMPLE 2 additive 250g/t	EXAMPLE 2 additive 500g/t
				Initial weight (kg)	6.77±0.13	6.78±0.11	6.78±0.15
Terminal weight (kg)	10.15±0.42	10.26±0.32	10.35±0.38
				Daily gain ADG (g/d)	232.84±33.69^a	249.23±17.09^ab	262.85±20.09^b
Daily food intake ADFI (g/d)	299.90±43.37	309.20±20.06	318.20±25.06
				Feed conversion ratio FCR	1.28±0.06	1.24±0.05	1.21±0.07

TABLE 9 Effect of anticoccidial green supplement on diarrhea, mortality and faecal coccidiosis in weaned piglets

As can be seen from tables 8 and 9, the daily gain was increased, and the diarrhea rate and the faecal coccidian number were significantly decreased (P <0.05) in the 2 test groups compared to the control group. The daily gain of the anti-coccidium essential oil product in 500g/t group is obviously higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

(IV) anticoccidial test on sows. Selecting 36 sows with 3-4 births with the same variety, good body condition and similar delivery date, averagely dividing the sows into 3 groups according to the fetal times, backfat and delivery date, and repeating the control group, the test 1 group and the test 2 group by 12 times, wherein each group repeats 1 sow. The test is divided into two stages: the first stage is from 30 days before the expected delivery period to the day of delivery; the second stage is from the day of labor to weaning. The control group is feed for the breeding sow of blessing 926; the test 1 group was additionally added with 250g/t of the anti-coccidia green additive prepared in example 2, and the test 2 group was additionally added with 500g/t of the anti-coccidia green additive prepared in example 2. The coccidiosis in the faeces of the sows and the piglets is detected by a saturated sugar-saline floating method. Evaluating the effect of the anticoccidial plant composition on improving the coccidian condition of sows and piglets and improving the reproductive performance.

TABLE 10 Effect of anticoccidial green additives on sow farrowing

Item	Control group	Test 1 group	Test 2 groups
				Litter size (head)	13.27±1.85	12.80±1.32	13.00±2.04
Nest birth survival doll number (head)	12.27±1.85	13.30±1.42	12.83±2.29
				Weight of newborn nest (Kg)	15.88±3.07	16.91±2.40	17.40±3.10
Birth individual weight (Kg)	1.22±0.18	1.34±0.26	1.38±0.23
				Weak percentage (%)	13.90±2.54	4.07±0.11	3.37±1.46
Percentage of dead fetus (%)	3.50±0.59	1.68±0.16	0.00±0.00

TABLE 11 Effect of anticoccidial green additives on piglet growth Performance and Coccidial status

As can be seen from tables 10 and 11, the weight gain in the weaned piglets was significantly increased (P <0.05) in the 2 test groups, and the diarrhea rate in piglets, and the faecal coccidial numbers in sows and piglets were decreased, compared to the control group.

In conclusion, the anti-coccidium additive has obvious effects on promoting growth, reducing diarrhea rate and coccidium quantity, and has better application prospect in actual production as a novel green feed additive.

The present embodiment is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications may be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A green additive for inhibiting coccidian of livestock and poultry is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-10 parts of plant essential oil compound, 10-30 parts of tannin, 7-20 parts of saponin, 5-15 parts of flavonoid, 5-15 parts of neem extract, 5-15 parts of echinacea purpurea extract, 5-15 parts of crataegolic acid, 5-15 parts of holarrhena extract, 20-50 parts of carrier and 200.5-2 parts of tween-200.

2. The livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the essential oil compound comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-2 parts of fennel oil, 0.5-2 parts of citrus essential oil, 0.2-1 part of turmeric oil resin, 0.2-1 part of capsicum oleoresin, 0.2-1 part of sage oil and 0.2-1 part of vanillin.

3. The livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tannin is one or more of Galla chinensis extract, fructus Chebulae extract, fructus Phyllanthi extract, Tara powder extract, chestnut extract, oak extract, quebracho extract, and cortex Pini extract.

4. The livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the saponin is one or more of yucca saponin, fenugreek saponin, quillaja saponin, dioscin, sapindus saponin, gypenoside, and agave saponin.

5. The livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flavonoid is one or more of apigenin, xanthohumol, quercetin, and procyanidin.

6. The livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carrier is cationic cyclodextrin and sodium tripolyphosphate, and the mass ratio of the cationic cyclodextrin to the sodium tripolyphosphate is 0.5-0.8: 1.

7. The preparation method of the livestock and poultry coccidian-inhibiting green additive as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

8. The use of the green additive for inhibiting coccidia in livestock and poultry according to claim 1, wherein the green additive comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the application method comprises the following steps: the green additive is added into feed or drinking water.

9. The use of the green additive for inhibiting coccidian in livestock and poultry according to claim 8, wherein the green additive comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the adding proportion of the feed additive to the feed is 100-2000 g/t; the dilution ratio of the water-soluble additive to the drinking water is 1:500-1: 8000.

10. The use of the green additive for inhibiting coccidian in livestock and poultry according to claim 8, wherein the green additive comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the application objects comprise poultry, pig, rabbit, cattle, sheep, dog and mink.