CN114176041B - Fishpond for cultivating off-season fries by using hot spring water and cultivation method - Google Patents
Fishpond for cultivating off-season fries by using hot spring water and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114176041B CN114176041B CN202111535842.3A CN202111535842A CN114176041B CN 114176041 B CN114176041 B CN 114176041B CN 202111535842 A CN202111535842 A CN 202111535842A CN 114176041 B CN114176041 B CN 114176041B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000022 bacteriostatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fish pond for cultivating out-of-season fries by utilizing hot spring water, wherein hot spring water pipes are arranged in the bottom of the fish pond, two ends of the hot spring water pipes are sequentially positioned on two sides of the fish pond and comprise a hot spring water inlet and a hot spring water outlet, a cultivation water inlet is further formed in the side wall of the fish pond on one side of the hot spring water inlet, and a sewage discharging device is further arranged in the fish pond. The cultivation method comprises preparation before throwing, cultivation of bait organisms, selection and transportation of fish fries, throwing of fries, daily management and prevention and treatment of fish diseases. The fish pond can transfer the self-heating temperature of the hot spring into the water body of the fish pond, so that the cultivation temperature of the water body during out-of-season seedling cultivation is kept, and residual feed and excrement in the fish pond can be effectively, conveniently and completely cleaned through the sewage discharging device, so that the influence of water pollution is reduced, and the survival rate of out-of-season seedling cultivation is improved. The cultivation method is further defined in a targeted manner according to the out-of-season characteristics and the like, so that the survival rate of out-of-season seedlings is further improved by matching with the fish pond.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of off-season fry cultivation, in particular to a fish pond for cultivating off-season fry by using hot spring water and a cultivation method.
Background
The fries are weak in body, poor in strain capacity to environment, narrow in foodstuff range, weak in active ingestion capacity and easy to death and attack by enemy, so that fine raising management is required to be given in a small water body which is manually controlled, and the fries are cultivated into robust fries with certain specification. Seed cultivation is an important part of the fish cultivation process. Because the fish fry cultivation and forming difficulty is greater than that of normal fish fry growth, and compared with the fish fry, the environment requirements for the cultivation are higher, the cultivation environment is usually proper and limited, so that the cultivation quantity of the fish fry is always lower, the forming quantity of the fish fry is influenced, the large-scale cultivation of edible fish fries is difficult to meet, the price of the formed edible fish is higher, and the whole industry is also greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a fish pond and a cultivation method for cultivating off-season fries by using hot spring water, the hot spring self-heating temperature can be transferred into the water body of the fish pond by the fish pond so as to keep the cultivation temperature of the water body during off-season fries, and meanwhile, residual feed and excrement in the fish pond can be effectively, conveniently and completely cleaned by a sewage disposal device so as to keep the water quality of the water body in the fish pond, thereby reducing the influence of water pollution on the off-season fries.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a fish pond for cultivating off-season fries by hot spring water is characterized in that: the hot spring water pipe is arranged in the bottom of the fish pond, the two ends of the hot spring water pipe are sequentially positioned on the two sides of the fish pond and comprise a hot spring water inlet and a hot spring water outlet, a cultivation water inlet is further formed in the side wall of the fish pond on one side of the hot spring water inlet, and a sewage discharging device is further arranged in the fish pond.
Preferably, the sewage draining device comprises a pollution accumulation layer arranged in the fish pond at the upper part of the hot spring water pipe, and a cleaning wall arranged at one side in the fish pond and parallel to the inner wall of the fish pond, wherein a cleaning channel is formed between the cleaning wall and the inner wall of the fish pond, one side of the pollution accumulation layer penetrates through and extends into the cleaning channel, and a driving mechanism for driving the pollution accumulation layer to move towards the direction of the cleaning channel is arranged on the side wall of the fish pond.
Preferably, the pollution accumulation layer is a pollution transfer belt which is arranged in the fish pond in a surrounding and rotating way, the driving mechanism comprises rotating shafts which are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the fish pond in a rotating way, the pollution transfer belt is wound on the symmetrical rotating shafts in a surrounding way, and a driving motor which drives the rotating shafts to rotate is arranged on the outer wall of the fish pond.
Preferably, a pollution cleaning groove which is lower than the bottom surface of the pollution transfer belt and is narrower than the width from the side wall of the pollution transfer belt to the inner wall of the fish pond is arranged in the pollution cleaning channel, and the bottom surface of the pollution cleaning groove is of a filter screen structure.
Preferably, side protrusions are symmetrically arranged at the side edges of two sides of the pollution transfer belt, and dividing protrusions with two ends connected with the side protrusions in sequence are arranged along the rotation direction interval of the pollution transfer belt.
Preferably, the hot spring water pipe is paved at the bottom in the fish pond in a continuous U-shaped structure.
A method for cultivating fish pond for cultivating off-season fries by hot spring water is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation before delivery
Drying water in the fish pond before putting the fish fry, exposing the fish fry to the sun for about 15 days, injecting new water before putting the fish fry for 10 days, sprinkling quicklime in the whole pond, and sterilizing;
2) Cultivation of bait organisms
Applying base fertilizer and natural bait for cultivating the fries 5 days before putting the fries, and preparing to put the fries when the bait organisms reach the peak period;
3) Selection and transportation of fries
Selecting economic fish seeds with high temperature in the culture water body, filling the fish fries into a transport bag according to a certain density, and oxygenating;
4) Seed throwing
Before putting, measuring the water temperature of the fish pond and the water temperature in a transport bag for transporting the fish fries, balancing the water temperature firstly if the temperature difference between the water temperature and the transport bag is large, putting the whole transport bag with the fish fries into the fish pond, slowly heating the transport water temperature to be close to the water temperature of the fish pond, putting the fish fries into the fish pond when the temperature difference between the transport bag and the transport bag is less than about 2 ℃, and timely increasing oxygen;
5) Daily management
5.1 feed feeding: the fry enters the fish pond, soybean milk or egg yolk liquid can be sprayed in the whole pond in the initial stage, the spraying amount can be regulated according to the throwing amount and the ingestion condition of the fry, and the bait and the throwing times can be regulated in time along with the growth of the fry in the later stage;
5.2 water quality management: the water temperature is detected in the morning and evening, the temperature is regulated by controlling the flow of the hot spring water pipe, residual feed and excrement are cleaned by the sewage discharging device after the hot spring water pipe is fed for a period of time, new water is injected into the cultivation water inlet, the fresh water is filtered by the dense net, and the whole pond is disinfected once every week.
6) Prevention and treatment of fish diseases
Before the fries enter a pond, the fries are soaked and disinfected by saline water, and a bacteriostatic agent is added into the feed in the feeding process; in the cultivation process, pollution is discharged on time, disinfection is carried out regularly, and dead fishes are fished out in time; during the onset period, the medicine is timely fed and the feeding is stopped.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the fish pond provided by the invention can transfer the self-heating temperature of the hot spring into the water body of the fish pond so as to maintain the cultivation temperature of the water body during out-of-season seedling cultivation, and meanwhile, the residual feed and excrement in the fish pond can be effectively, conveniently and completely cleaned through the sewage discharging device so as to maintain the water quality of the water body in the fish pond, thereby reducing the influence of water pollution on lower environmental resistance of out-of-season seedlings, improving the survival rate of out-of-season seedling cultivation and obtaining the possibility of the cultivation of the seedlings in an unconventional cultivation environment. The cultivation method further makes targeted restrictions on the selection, cultivation, management and the like of the fries according to the out-of-season characteristics, so that the survival rate of the out-of-season fries is further improved by matching with the fish pond.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a fish pond according to the present invention (microporous aerator and canopy are not shown).
FIG. 2 is a top view of the fish pond of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a pollution transfer belt according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side cross-sectional view of fig. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 4 a according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a salvaging of a pollution cleaning tank of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a fish pond for cultivating out-of-season fries by using hot spring water is provided, a hot spring water pipe 2 is arranged at the bottom in the fish pond 1, two ends of the hot spring water pipe 1 are sequentially positioned at two sides of the fish pond 1 and comprise a hot spring water inlet 201 and a hot spring water outlet 202, a cultivation water inlet 101 is further formed in the side wall of the fish pond 1 at one side of the hot spring water inlet 201, and a sewage discharging device is further arranged in the fish pond 1. Preferably, the fish pond 1 is also provided with a microporous aerator and a top thermal insulation shed, both of which are not shown in the figure. The microporous aerator can effectively increase the aerobic environment in the fishpond 1, and the top thermal insulation shed can improve the culture temperature of water bodies in the fishpond when in out-of-season culture, reduce the rapid loss of the water body temperature and simultaneously prevent the influence of severe weather such as hail, snow coagulation and the like on the water body temperature of the fishpond. On the basis, the hot spring water with a certain temperature is continuously introduced through the hot spring water inlet 201, the temperature of the water body in the fish pond is raised, the water body flow and the flow velocity of the hot spring water pipe 2 are regulated to control the temperature raising rate of the water body, and the water body is measured in real time by an electronic thermometer, so that the temperature is fed back to the hot spring water pipe 2 to regulate the hot spring water. Control valves are arranged at the positions of the hot spring water inlet 201 and the hot spring water outlet 202 to regulate the water flow and the flow rate of the hot spring water pipe 2.
Preferably, a water level control pipe 103 is further arranged on one side of the fish pond 1, and a valve is arranged at the port of the water level control pipe and used for adjusting the water level of the fish pond 1 and replacing water.
The invention provides a method for raising fish fry in off-season, which comprises the steps of controlling the temperature of water body by hot spring water temperature, improving and maintaining the high water quality environment of the water body to improve the survival rate of the off-season fry in order to improve the survival rate of the off-season fry, wherein the method comprises the steps of periodically discharging residual feed and excrement in a fish pond through a sewage discharging device to suck out the feed and excrement, preventing water pollution, reducing the outbreak probability of fish diseases and further improving the survival rate of the off-season fry.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 4-6, the sewage draining device comprises a pollution accumulation layer arranged in the fish pond 1 at the upper part of the hot spring water pipe 2, and a pollution cleaning wall 11 arranged at one side in the fish pond 1 and parallel to the inner wall of the fish pond 1, wherein a pollution cleaning channel 102 is formed between the pollution cleaning wall 11 and the inner wall of the fish pond 1, one side of the pollution accumulation layer penetrates through and extends into the pollution cleaning channel 102, and a driving mechanism for driving the pollution accumulation layer to move towards the direction of the pollution cleaning channel 102 is arranged on the side wall of the fish pond 1. The sewage disposal principle of the structure is as follows: residual feed and excrement are deposited on the pollution accumulation layer, after a certain accumulation period is accumulated, and a certain accumulation amount is reached, or the situation that fish fries die of illness and the like needs to be cleaned, the pollution accumulation layer is driven to face the direction of the sewage disposal channel 102 through the driving mechanism, the residual feed and excrement deposited on the surface of the pollution accumulation layer are transferred into the sewage disposal channel 102, cleaning work of the accumulated impurities is completed through the sewage disposal channel 102, the movable space for raising seedlings is not influenced when the sewage disposal channel 102 formed by the sewage disposal wall 11 is used for cleaning the fish fries, the influence of the sewage on the fish fries is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the sewage is not mixed into the water quality of the life of the fish fries again in the cleaning process to cause larger pollution influence, and on the whole, on the premise of not influencing the life of the fish fries, the cleaning of the sewage is facilitated, the problem of causing larger pollution to the water body again when the sewage is cleaned is reduced, and the quality of the water body for raising seedlings in reverse seasons is effectively improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4-6, the pollution accumulation layer is a pollution transfer belt 3 which is rotatably arranged in the fish pond 1 in a surrounding manner, the driving mechanism comprises rotating shafts 4 which are rotatably arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the fish pond 1, the pollution transfer belt 3 is circumferentially wound on the symmetrical rotating shafts 4, and a driving motor 5 which drives the rotating shafts 4 to rotate is arranged on the outer wall of the fish pond 1. When the accumulated dirt is required to be cleaned under different conditions, the driving motor 5 is started to drive the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, and the dirt transfer belt 3 is driven to rotate around, so that the top layer of the preferable dirt transfer belt 3 moves towards the dirt cleaning channel 102. Because the end part of one side of the pollution transfer belt 3 extends into the pollutant removal channel 102, when the top layer of the pollution transfer belt 3 rotates to the rotating shaft 4 on the side, the pollutant deposited on the surface of the pollution transfer belt is separated from and falls to the bottom of the pollutant removal channel 102, when the pollution transfer belt 3 rotates for one circle, the pollutant deposited on the top layer of the pollution transfer belt completely falls into the pollutant removal channel 102, the driving of the driving motor 5 is stopped, and the pollutant deposited on the bottom of the pollutant removal channel 102 is independently salvaged and cleaned by an auxiliary tool, so that the pollution and the influence on the water body cultivated by fish fries are effectively avoided.
In order to facilitate the effective and complete cleaning of the deposited material deposited on the inner bottom surface of the cleaning channel 102, as shown in fig. 4-6, a dirt cleaning groove 6 is disposed in the cleaning channel 102, which is lower than the bottom surface of the dirt transfer belt 3 and narrower than the width from the side wall of the dirt transfer belt 3 to the inner wall of the fish pond 1, and the bottom surface of the dirt cleaning groove 6 is a filter screen structure. As shown in fig. 5, when the dirt deposited on the dirt transferring belt 3 is collected, the dirt cleaning groove 6 is placed on the inner bottom surface of the dirt cleaning channel 102 and contacts the dirt cleaning wall 11, in this state, the dirt deposited on the surface layer of the dirt transferring belt 3 can continuously and completely drop into the dirt cleaning groove 6 to be collected when the dirt transferring belt 3 rotates, after the collection is completed, the dirt cleaning groove 6 slowly slides horizontally towards the inner wall direction of the fish pond 1 (as shown in fig. 6), and interference of the dirt transferring belt 3 on the vertical lifting of the dirt cleaning groove 6 is removed, so that the dirt cleaning groove 6 for collecting the dirt can be quickly salvaged.
Lifting rings 61 are arranged at the top edges of two sides of the optimized pollution cleaning groove 6, and can be hung and sleeved in the lifting rings 61 through hard hooks, so that the pollution cleaning groove 6 can be conveniently horizontally moved to a pollution collecting position and a salvaging position in the pollution cleaning channel 102, and the pollution cleaning groove 6 is lifted. The bottom surface of the pollution cleaning groove 6 is provided with a filter screen structure, so that the water body in the pollution cleaning groove 6 can be discharged during salvage, and the problem that the collected pollutants are rocked by the water body and float into the pollution cleaning channel 102 is avoided.
Because there is a rotation gap between the pollution transfer belt 3 and the inner wall of the fish pond 1, in order to avoid the problem that residual feed and excrement deposited on the pollution transfer belt 3 are fallen into the rotation gap to affect the pollution transfer belt 3 due to slight fluctuation of the water body during the movement of fish fries, and the problem that the pollution transfer belt 3 is difficult to clean due to long-time aggregation, as shown in fig. 3, side protrusions 31 are symmetrically arranged at the side edges of two sides of the pollution transfer belt 3, and dividing protrusions 32 with two ends sequentially connected with the side protrusions 31 are arranged along the rotation direction interval of the pollution transfer belt 3. The surface of the pollution transfer belt 3 can be enclosed into a plurality of groove bodies (shown in a drawing 301) with closed sides and deposition depth through the side protrusions 31 and the segmentation protrusions 32, the deposited residual feed and excrement can be deposited in the groove bodies at corresponding positions, under the condition that the water body shakes when the fish fry moves, the dirt is prevented from falling into a gap existing between the pollution transfer belt 3 and the inner wall of the fish pond 1 through the side protrusions 31 and the separation protrusions 32 on the side edges of the groove bodies, so that the dirt can be thoroughly cleaned, the problem that the water body pollution caused by the fact that part of dirt is still deposited on the inner bottom surface of the fish pond 1 is difficult to thoroughly solve is solved, and the higher water body quality is maintained.
In order to improve the rapid adjustment effect of the hot spring water pipe 2 on the water temperature of the water body in the fish pond 1, as shown in fig. 1, the hot spring water pipe 2 is paved at the bottom in the fish pond 1 in a continuous U-shaped structure. The structure can enlarge the contact area between the hot spring water pipe 2 and the water body, thereby being convenient for the hot spring water to rapidly realize the heating requirement on the water body so as to avoid the problem that fish fries are frostbitten.
The method for cultivating the fry in the fish pond is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation before delivery
Before putting the fries, the water in the fish pond is drained and the fish pond is exposed to the sun for about 15 days. And (5) injecting new water before 10 days of fish fry throwing, sprinkling quicklime in the whole pool, and carrying out disinfection treatment. Before the fries are put into the fish pond, the fries are firstly checked to check whether the water inlet and outlet and the valves can normally feed and drain water, whether the microporous aerator can normally work, and the like, so that the whole system is ensured to be intact.
2) Cultivation of bait organisms
In order to enable the fries to eat palatable food after entering the pond, the natural baits for cultivating the fries are applied with the base fertilizer 5 days before putting the fries in the pond. And (3) putting manure into the fish pond, continuously changing the water body into fertilizer, and preparing the seedlings when the bait organisms reach the peak period.
3) Selection and transportation of fries
And selecting economic fish seeds with higher temperature of the culture water body, and selecting fish fries with good physical health and vitality from normal manufacturers. Packing into transport bags according to a certain density, and oxygenating. Because the ambient temperature is lower in winter, the water body is not required to be cooled by adding ice, the fish moves less, the fish is not easy to damage in the transportation process, and the transportation is convenient.
4) Seed throwing
Considering the dissolved oxygen of the water body and the feeding amount in the later period, the throwing density and the specification of the fries are considered during throwing, and the fries are thrown in different pools according to different sizes. The water temperature in the fish pond 1 and the water temperature in the transport bags for transporting the fries are measured before putting. If the temperature difference between the two is larger, the water temperature should be balanced first, the whole transport bag filled with the fries is put into the fish pond 1, so that the temperature of the transport water is slowly increased to be close to the water temperature of the fish pond, when the temperature difference between the two is less than about 2 ℃, the fries can be put into the fish pond 1, and the microporous aerator is timely opened, so that enough oxygen is ensured in the fish pond, and the death of the fries due to hypoxia can be prevented.
5) Daily management
5.1 feed feeding: the fries enter the fish pond 1 and should be timely fed, so that the fries are guaranteed to have enough food. The soybean milk or egg yolk liquid can be sprayed in the whole pool in the initial stage, the spraying amount can be regulated according to the throwing amount and the ingestion condition of the fish fry, and the bait and the throwing times can be regulated in time along with the growth of the fish fry in the later stage.
5.2 water quality management: the water temperature is detected in the morning and at night, and the temperature is regulated by controlling the flow of the hot spring water pipe 2, so that the water temperature is ensured not to change greatly due to the change of the ambient temperature. In addition, residual feed and excrement are sucked out in time after the fish is fed for a period of time, so that water pollution is prevented, and fish diseases are prevented from being exploded. Meanwhile, the fresh water is injected through the culture water inlet 101, the water injection amount is not too large, and the water is filtered by a dense net, so that the pool water is rich and lean, the fries have enough natural baits, and the enemy organisms can be prevented from entering the pool. The whole pool was sterilized once a week.
6) Prevention and treatment of fish diseases
Outbreaks of fish disease are fatal strikes for farmers, so preventing the occurrence of fish disease throughout the process is of great importance. Before the fries enter the pond, the fries are soaked and disinfected by saline water; during the feeding process, some bacteriostats can be added into the feed to inhibit the generation of bacteria; in the cultivation process, the sewage is discharged on time and disinfected periodically, so that the pollution to the water quality is prevented; fishing out dead fish in time; during the period of onset, the medicament is timely fed and stopped, so that excretion can be reduced, and water pollution can be further reduced.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the fish pond provided by the invention can transfer the self-heating temperature of the hot spring into the water body of the fish pond so as to maintain the cultivation temperature of the water body during out-of-season seedling cultivation, and meanwhile, the residual feed and excrement in the fish pond can be effectively, conveniently and completely cleaned through the sewage discharging device, so that the water quality of the water body in the fish pond is maintained, the influence of water body pollution on lower environmental resistance of out-of-season seedlings is reduced, and the survival rate of out-of-season seedling cultivation is improved. The cultivation method further makes targeted restrictions on the selection, cultivation, management and the like of the fries according to the out-of-season characteristics, so that the survival rate of the out-of-season fries is further improved by matching with the fish pond.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. A fish pond and a cultivation method for cultivating off-season fries by using hot spring water are characterized in that: the fish pond is characterized in that a hot spring water pipe (2) is arranged in the bottom of the fish pond (1), two ends of the hot spring water pipe (2) are sequentially positioned at two sides of the fish pond (1) and comprise a hot spring water inlet (201) and a hot spring water outlet (202), a cultivation water inlet (101) is further formed in the side wall of the fish pond (1) at one side of the hot spring water inlet (201), and a sewage discharging device is further arranged in the fish pond (1);
the sewage discharging device comprises a pollution accumulation layer arranged in the fish pond (1) at the upper part of the hot spring water pipe (2), and a pollution cleaning wall (11) arranged at one side in the fish pond (1) and parallel to the inner wall of the fish pond, wherein a pollution cleaning channel (102) is formed between the pollution cleaning wall (11) and the inner wall of the fish pond (1), one side of the pollution accumulation layer penetrates through and extends into the pollution cleaning channel (102), the pollution accumulation layer is a pollution transfer belt (3) which is arranged in the fish pond (1) in a surrounding rotation manner, and a driving mechanism for driving the pollution accumulation layer to transfer pollution towards the direction of the pollution cleaning channel (102) is arranged on the side wall of the fish pond (1);
a pollution cleaning groove (6) which is lower than the bottom surface of the pollution transfer belt (3) and is narrower than the width from the side wall of the pollution transfer belt (3) to the inner wall of the fish pond (1) is arranged in the pollution cleaning channel (102), the bottom surface of the pollution cleaning groove (6) is of a filter screen structure, and lifting rings (61) are arranged at the top edges of two sides;
side bulges (31) are symmetrically arranged at the side edges of two sides of the pollution transfer belt (3), and dividing bulges (32) with two ends connected with the side bulges (31) in sequence are arranged at intervals along the rotation direction of the pollution transfer belt (3);
the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation before delivery
Drying water in the fish pond (1) before putting the fish fries, exposing the fish fries to the sun for about 15 days, injecting new water before putting the fish fries for 10 days, sprinkling quicklime in the whole pond, and carrying out disinfection treatment;
2) Cultivation of bait organisms
Applying base fertilizer and natural bait for cultivating the fries 5 days before putting the fries, and preparing to put the fries when the bait organisms reach the peak period;
3) Selection and transportation of fries
Selecting economic fish seeds with high temperature in the culture water body, filling the fish fries into a transport bag according to a certain density, and oxygenating;
4) Seed throwing
Before putting, measuring the water temperature of the fish pond (1) and the water temperature in a transport bag for transporting the fish fries, if the temperature difference between the water temperature and the water temperature is large, balancing the water temperature, putting the transport bag with the fish fries into the fish pond (1) as a whole, slowly heating the transport water temperature to be close to the water temperature of the fish pond (1), and when the temperature difference between the transport water temperature and the transport water temperature is less than about 2 ℃, putting the fish fries into the fish pond (1), and timely increasing oxygen;
5) Daily management
5.1 feed feeding: the fries enter a fish pond (1), soybean milk or egg yolk liquid can be sprayed in the whole pond in the initial stage, the soybean milk or egg yolk liquid can be sprayed for about 3 times a day, the spraying amount can be adjusted according to the throwing amount and the ingestion condition of the fries, and the baits and the feeding times can be timely adjusted along with the growth of the fries in the later stage;
5.2 water quality management: detecting water temperature in the morning and at night, regulating the temperature by controlling the flow of the hot spring water pipe (2), cleaning residual feed and excrement through the sewage discharging device in time after feeding for a period of time, injecting new water through the cultivation water inlet (101), filtering by a dense net, and sterilizing the whole pool once every week;
6) Prevention and treatment of fish diseases
Before the fries enter a pond, the fries are soaked and disinfected by saline water, and a bacteriostatic agent is added into the feed in the feeding process; in the cultivation process, pollution is discharged on time, disinfection is carried out regularly, and dead fishes are fished out in time; during the onset period, the medicine is timely fed and the feeding is stopped.
2. The fish pond and cultivation method for cultivating off-season fries with hot spring water according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises rotating shafts (4) which are rotatably arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the fish pond (1), the pollution transfer belt (3) is wound around the symmetrical rotating shafts (4), and a driving motor (5) which drives the rotating shafts (4) to rotate is arranged on the outer wall of the fish pond (1).
3. The fish pond and cultivation method for cultivating off-season fries with hot spring water according to claim 2, wherein: the hot spring water pipe (2) is paved at the inner bottom of the fish pond (1) in a continuous U-shaped structure.
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