CN114165788A - Plasma gasification melting treatment system and process for combustible solid waste - Google Patents
Plasma gasification melting treatment system and process for combustible solid waste Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/10—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
- F23J2700/003—Ash removal means for incinerators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a plasma gasification melting treatment system and process for combustible solid waste, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment. The gasification melting system comprises a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace; a waste heat boiler; a tail gas treatment device; a plasma melting furnace. The treatment process of the combustible solid waste comprises the following steps: shredding and pretreating combustible solid waste, and removing impurities; sending the shredded combustible solid waste into a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for treatment to form a gasified product and an ashed product; conveying the gasified products to a waste heat boiler for plasma torch auxiliary combustion waste heat recovery; and sending the waste gas after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler into a tail gas treatment device for purification treatment. The invention has the advantages of low energy consumption and no generation of dioxin. After the metallic substances are selected from the ashes generated by the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, the ashes without leaching toxicity can be directly composted, otherwise, the ashes directly enter the plasma melting furnace for vitrification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a plasma gasification melting treatment system and process for combustible solid waste.
Background
Solid waste refers to solids, semi-solids, and gaseous materials, substances, and articles, substances that are placed in containers and are regulated by laws and administrative rules to include waste management, which are generated during manufacturing, life, and other activities and are discarded or discarded without losing their utility value. Solid waste that cannot be discharged into the body of water and gaseous substances placed in the container that cannot be discharged into the atmosphere. Generally fall under the category of solid waste management systems due to the greater hazard.
The combustible solid waste refers to combustible general solid waste, combustible garbage, leftovers and the like, and the general combustible solid waste mainly comprises some manufacturing waste materials, such as boxes, bags, some waste cloth of clothing leather, sponges, cloth and the like, and of course, some construction waste, some wood and plastics are contained in the combustible solid waste. There are also some wood chips from toy factories, plastic factories, christmas gift factories, christmas trees and furniture factories, sofa factories. Sponges are waste plastics and other waste materials. Besides some waste materials, the waste materials can be recycled, and a plurality of waste plastics, waste leather, waste sponge, broken cloth and the like can not be recycled, so that the waste materials become combustible solid waste and can be supplied to some thermal power plants to be used as biomass fuel.
Direct incineration, pyrolysis incineration and gasification melting are three treatment modes for treating combustible solid waste.
The fly ash is carried, the generation amount of dioxin is large, the secondary pollution is serious, and the fly ash is gradually eliminated.
The pyrolysis incineration firstly pyrolyzes the organic waste at the temperature of 650 plus materials and 850 ℃, the amount of pyrolysis crude synthesis gas is small, the amount of carried fly ash is small, the organic waste enters a secondary combustion chamber for combustion at the temperature of 1100 plus materials and 1200 ℃, the generation amount of dioxin is large, tar and low-melting-point salts in pyrolysis gas are adhered to block pipelines, the organic matter is not pyrolyzed completely, ash residues still need to be buried, and land resources are occupied.
And (3) one-step gasification and melting, wherein the organic waste is in a melting furnace at 1500 ℃, the inorganic matters are melted into glassy slag and flow out, and the gasification gas at 850-950 ℃ at the top of the furnace enters a secondary combustion chamber for complete combustion at 1200 ℃, so that the dioxin problem is small, and the resource utilization is good. Compared with the former two treatment methods, the gasification and melting method has great outstanding advantages and gradually becomes mainstream, but the current gasification and melting method has the following serious defects:
the first, plasma arc one-step gasification and melting organic waste technology, gasification and melting are difficult to be synchronous, the fire-proof material furnace wall penetration and plasma torch flame are often generated when encountering resistance and reverse burning torch body, the furnace bottom temperature is low, the lava-like vitreous body furnace hearth is frozen and can not be discharged smoothly, and normal and lasting operation of industrialization can not be ensured.
The second, PLASCO is two-step plasma gasification melting technology, its progress is, adopt the step pyrolysis oven to pyrolyze organic waste at 700 + -50 deg.C, the pyrolysis carbon residue and inorganic substance ash enter the 1500 deg.C plasma gasification melting furnace, 1200 deg.C gasification gas enters the tail gas treatment system. The relative smoke amount is small, and the fly ash is less. During the first two stages of treatment at the temperature of 600-. In addition, the ash slag is vitrified into a whole passively no matter whether the ash slag is harmless, and the ash slag is also a serious test for energy consumption and economic operation indexes of the ash slag.
In summary, we propose a plasma gasification melting treatment system and process for combustible solid waste to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plasma gasification melting treatment system and a plasma gasification melting treatment process for combustible solid waste, which have the advantages of low energy consumption and no dioxin generation.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the embodiment of the present application provides a plasma gasification melting processing system of combustible solid waste, including:
a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, wherein the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is used for gasification and ashing of solid wastes;
the waste heat boiler is used for receiving gas discharged by the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, and the gas inlet end of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the gas outlet end of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace;
the inlet end of the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler;
and a plasma melting furnace for melting an ashed material for processing the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the gasification furnace further comprises a pulverizer, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing combustible solid waste, and the discharge port of the pulverizer is communicated with the feed port of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, the boiler furnace of the waste heat boiler is provided with a plasma torch for igniting and assisting in combusting the exhaust gas of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
In some embodiments of the present invention, an air inlet end of the waste heat boiler and an air outlet end of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace are communicated through a heat insulation pipeline.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste heat boiler is connected with a steam power generation device or/and a hot water device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tail gas treatment device includes a desulfurization, denitrification, carbon reduction and dust removal system, and the tail gas treatment system is used for purification treatment of tail gas.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tail gas processing apparatus includes a cyclone tower, a cyclone enhancement tower, a purified gas chamber and a water collecting tank from top to bottom, the cyclone tower is provided with a flue gas chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone chamber, the cyclone enhancement tower is provided with a compressed air chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone enhancement chamber, the flue gas chamber and the cyclone chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, the compressed air chamber and the cyclone enhancement chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, and the cyclone chamber, the cyclone enhancement chamber, the purified gas chamber and the water collecting tank are communicated with each other.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a process for plasma gasification melting treatment of combustible solid waste, comprising the steps of:
shredding and pretreating the combustible solid waste, and removing impurities from the combustible solid waste;
sending the shredded combustible solid waste into a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for gasification and ashing treatment to form a gasified product and an ashed product;
conveying the gasified products of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace to a waste heat boiler for plasma-assisted combustion of the gasified products and recovering waste heat;
and sending the tail gas subjected to heat exchange in the waste heat boiler into a tail gas treatment device for tail gas purification treatment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ashed material of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is used as a fertilizer, a soil conditioner or is subjected to plasma fusion to form a glassy material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the acidic wastewater generated by the tail gas treatment device is aminated to prepare the composite nitrogen fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace has the following advantages in the treatment of combustible solid waste: firstly, combustible solid waste is incinerated thoroughly, and the volume reduction rate of solid can reach 300: 1; secondly, no dioxin is generated at 500 ℃ in the gasification process; thirdly, harmful elements such as Cl, S and the like in the gasified gas, particularly low-melting-point metal elements such as Pb, Cd, Hg and Zn are greatly reduced, and the tail gas purification pressure is low. Under the condition that the temperature of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is less than 500 ℃, the volatile matters Cl, S and F in the organic matters are greatly reduced compared with the pyrolysis gasification process at 850 ℃ of 650-. For example, the combustion temperature of the biomass is below 500 ℃, and Cl and S retained in ash are generally 50-90%; fourthly, the gasification and ashing temperature is low, the energy consumption is low, the equipment is simple to operate and the reliability is high; fifthly, the gasification and ashing temperature is low, and valuable metals in the waste can be easily recovered. The gas heat discharged from the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is absorbed, the heat can be recycled through a waste heat boiler, and the tail gas treatment device can further treat the gas, so that the pollution degree of the discharged gas is smaller. The design of the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption and no generation of dioxin.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plasma gasification fusion processing system for combustible solid waste in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for plasma gasification melting treatment of combustible solid waste in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of dioxin produced and the temperature.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a plasma gasification melting processing system for combustible solid waste, comprising:
a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, wherein the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is used for gasification and ashing of solid wastes;
the waste heat boiler is used for receiving gas discharged by the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, and the gas inlet end of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the gas outlet end of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace;
the inlet end of the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler;
and a plasma melting furnace for melting an ashed material for processing the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
The low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace has the following advantages in the treatment of combustible solid waste: firstly, combustible solid waste is incinerated thoroughly, and the volume reduction rate of solid can reach 300: 1; secondly, no dioxin is generated at 500 ℃ in the gasification process; thirdly, harmful elements such as Cl, S and the like in the gasified gas, particularly low-melting-point metal elements such as Pb, Cd, Hg and Zn are greatly reduced, and the tail gas purification pressure is low. Under the condition that the temperature of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is less than 500 ℃, the volatile matters Cl, S and F in the organic matters are greatly reduced compared with the pyrolysis gasification process at 850 ℃ of 650-. For example, the combustion temperature of the biomass is below 500 ℃, and Cl and S retained in ash are generally 50-90%; fourthly, the gasification and ashing temperature is low, the energy consumption is low, the equipment is simple to operate and the reliability is high; fifthly, the gasification and ashing temperature is low, and valuable metals in the waste can be easily recovered. The gas heat discharged from the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is absorbed, the heat can be recycled through a waste heat boiler, and the tail gas treatment device can further treat the gas, so that the pollution degree of the discharged gas is smaller. The design of the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption and no generation of dioxin.
Referring to fig. 3, in the decomposition process of organic substances, when benzene rings O, Cl exist, dioxin is easily formed by reaction under the catalysis of heavy metals. However, any chemical reaction is conditional, for example, the amount of dioxin produced has a great correlation with the reaction temperature. Under the condition of lower than 500 ℃, dioxin can not be generated.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a pulverizer is further included, the pulverizer being for pulverizing combustible solid waste. The discharge hole of the crusher is communicated with the feed inlet of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
In the above embodiment, the pulverizer is a machine that pulverizes a large-sized solid raw material to a desired size. The crusher consists of coarse crushing, fine crushing, wind conveying and other devices, and the purpose of the crusher is achieved in a high-speed impact mode. The pulverizer pulverizes the combustible solid waste and then sends the pulverized combustible solid waste into the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for treatment, and the treated area of the pulverized combustible solid waste is enlarged, so that the treatment effect is better.
In some embodiments of the invention, the boiler furnace of the waste heat boiler is provided with a plasma torch for discharging gasified gas from the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for ignition and combustion assistance.
In the above embodiment, the temperature of the gasification gas from the low-temperature magnetic plasma reactor is 400-. The gasification gas plasma torch has the main advantages of fast pyrolysis combustion, high temperature, small volume, highly concentrated flame and capability of saving the volume of a conventional secondary combustion chamber by over 95 percent. The plasma torch auxiliary burner can realize the best tar cracking and gasification gas complete combustion effect.
In some embodiments of the present invention, an air inlet end of the waste heat boiler and an air outlet end of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace are communicated through a heat insulation pipeline.
In the above embodiments, the heat-insulating pipe is made of heat-insulating material (the heat-insulating material refers to a material capable of retarding heat flow transmission, also called heat-insulating material, traditional heat-insulating material such as glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, etc., and novel heat-insulating material such as aerogel felt, vacuum plate, etc., which are used for building envelope or thermal equipment, material or material composite for resisting heat flow transmission, including heat-insulating material and cold-insulating material), so as to avoid loss of gas heat.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste heat boiler is connected with a steam power generation device or/and a hot water device.
In the embodiment, the steam power generation device can generate power by utilizing the steam energy of the waste heat boiler, indirectly convert the heat energy of the gas into electric energy, and the electric energy is applied to the invention, so that the power consumption can be greatly saved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tail gas treatment device includes a desulfurization, denitrification, carbon reduction and dust removal system, and the tail gas treatment system is used for purification treatment of tail gas.
In the above embodiment, the tail gas treatment system is used for simultaneous composite deacidification and dust removal treatment of tail gas, and the dust removal system comprises a dust remover and a washing tower; a dust removal filter bag is arranged in the dust remover, so that dust in the tail gas can be removed; and spraying water in the washing tower to remove the dust in the tail gas. The desulfurization system comprises a desulfurization and dust removal integrated tower, a desulfurization reaction area and a turbulator are arranged inside the desulfurization and dust removal integrated tower, the tail gas and the alkaline water are fully combined by spraying the alkaline water in the desulfurization reaction area, sulfur dioxide in the tail gas is neutralized by acid and alkali, and the turbulator is used for filtering dust in the neutralized tail gas. The denitration system comprises a spray gun and a reaction kiln; the inlet of the waste heat boiler is used for introducing the tail gas exhausted by the waste heat, and the outlet of the waste heat boiler is used for being communicated with the inlet of the dust removal system; the nozzle of the spray gun extends into the waste heat boiler, and the spray gun is used for spraying urea solution into the waste heat boiler to be mixed with the tail gas for denitration.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tail gas processing apparatus includes a cyclone tower, a cyclone enhancement tower, a purified gas chamber and a water collecting tank from top to bottom, the cyclone tower is provided with a flue gas chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone chamber, the cyclone enhancement tower is provided with a compressed air chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone enhancement chamber, the flue gas chamber and the cyclone chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, the compressed air chamber and the cyclone enhancement chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, and the cyclone chamber, the cyclone enhancement chamber, the purified gas chamber and the water collecting tank are communicated with each other.
In the embodiment, pollutants such as SOx, NOX, dust and the like in the flue gas can be effectively purified by adopting the condensation and cyclone pressure increasing technology without adding consumables such as a catalyst, a reducing agent and the like, so that the purpose of standard emission of the tail gas can be achieved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a plasma gasification melting treatment process of combustible solid waste, including the following steps:
shredding and pretreating the combustible solid waste, and removing impurities from the combustible solid waste;
sending the shredded combustible solid waste into a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for combustion melting treatment to form a gasified product and an ashed product;
conveying the gasified products of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace to a waste heat boiler for recovering the waste heat of the gasified products;
and sending the tail gas subjected to heat exchange in the waste heat boiler into a tail gas treatment device for tail gas purification treatment.
The combustible solid waste has an inorganic moisture content of less than thirty percent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ashed material of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is used as a fertilizer, a soil conditioner or is subjected to plasma fusion to form a glassy material.
In the above embodiment, the ash from the ashing furnace is gasified by the low-temperature magnetic oxygen plasma, and the volume reduction rate is as high as 300:1, in general, the soil can be directly fertilized or improved. However, when individual special dangerous wastes are treated, the ash slag can be percolated by dangerous elements, so that vitrification treatment is required, and high-temperature melting is a strong item of the plasma technology, so that the harmful ash slag is terminated quickly, efficiently, completely and directly in a recycling manner, and the obvious advantages are achieved, and the description is omitted here.
The combustible solid waste is divided into three-stage plasma treatment, the first-stage low-temperature magnetic oxygen plasma is gasified and incinerated to treat the organic part, the second-stage plasma eliminates tar, the third-stage plasma is subjected to high-temperature melting vitrification according to needs, and the three stages respectively play their own roles, so that the special advantages of the three stages are exerted, the energy consumption is saved, the process equipment is simplified, and the equipment and process reliability is greatly enhanced. And a feasible technical guarantee is provided for large-scale mass production.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the acidic wastewater generated by the tail gas treatment device is aminated to prepare the composite nitrogen fertilizer.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for plasma gasification fusion treatment of combustible solid waste, comprising:
the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace is used for gasification ashing of solid wastes;
the waste heat boiler is used for receiving gas exhausted by the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace, and the gas inlet end of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the gas exhaust end of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace;
the gas inlet end of the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler;
a plasma melting furnace that melts an ashed material for processing the low temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
2. The plasma gasification fusion processing system of combustible solid waste of claim 1, further comprising a pulverizer for pulverizing the combustible solid waste, the discharge outlet of the pulverizer communicating with the feed inlet of the low temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace.
3. A plasma gasification fusion processing system of combustible solid waste according to claim 2, characterised in that the waste heat boiler furnace is provided with a plasma torch for igniting and assisting combustion of the low temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace exhaust gases.
4. The plasma gasification fusion processing system of combustible solid waste of claim 3, wherein the inlet end of the waste heat boiler and the outlet end of the low temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace are in communication through a heat insulated heat preservation pipe.
5. A plasma gasification fusion processing system of combustible solid waste as claimed in claim 3 wherein the waste heat boiler is connected to a steam power plant or/and a hot water plant.
6. The plasma gasification fusion processing system of combustible solid waste of claim 1, wherein the tail gas treatment device comprises a desulfurization, denitrogenation, carbon reduction and dust removal system, the tail gas treatment system being used for purification treatment of tail gas.
7. The plasma gasification melting processing system of flammable solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas processing apparatus comprises a cyclone tower, a cyclone reinforcement tower, a purified gas chamber and a water collecting tank from top to bottom, the cyclone tower is provided with a flue gas chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone chamber, the cyclone reinforcement tower is provided with a compressed air chamber, a refrigerant chamber and a cyclone reinforcement chamber, the flue gas chamber and the cyclone chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, the compressed air chamber and the cyclone reinforcement chamber are provided with one or more tangential through gas pipes, and the cyclone chamber, the cyclone reinforcement chamber, the purified gas chamber and the water collecting tank are communicated with each other.
8. A process for the plasma gasification melting treatment of combustible solid waste, comprising the steps of:
shredding and pretreating the combustible solid waste, and removing impurities from the combustible solid waste;
sending the shredded combustible solid waste into a low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace for gasification and ashing treatment to form a gasified product and an ashed product;
conveying the gasified products of the low-temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace to a waste heat boiler for plasma-assisted combustion of the gasified products and recovering waste heat;
and sending the tail gas subjected to heat exchange in the waste heat boiler into a tail gas treatment device for tail gas purification treatment.
9. The plasma gasification melting process of claim 8, wherein the ashes of the low temperature magnetic plasma gasification ashing furnace are used directly as fertilizer, soil conditioner or plasma melted into glassy substance.
10. The plasma gasification melting treatment process of claim 8, wherein the acidic wastewater generated by the tail gas treatment device is aminated to prepare the composite nitrogen fertilizer.
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