CN114164393A - 一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN114164393A
CN114164393A CN202111331582.8A CN202111331582A CN114164393A CN 114164393 A CN114164393 A CN 114164393A CN 202111331582 A CN202111331582 A CN 202111331582A CN 114164393 A CN114164393 A CN 114164393A
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titanium alloy
alloy material
spraying
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strontium
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刘宏伟
顾勇
蒋俊锋
翁益平
徐南伟
张文
邵龙辉
张润泽
王佳峰
程新奇
沈华侨
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Abstract

本发明申请属于材料制备技术领域,具体公开了一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用,包括以下步骤:(1)钛合金材料预处理:将钛合金片进行喷砂粗化处理;所用砂为46目棕刚玉Al2O3,喷砂后备用;(2)球磨与造粒;(3)大气等离子喷涂制备涂层:将预处理后的钛片夹装在金属圆筒上,使用等离子喷涂方法将步骤(2)中的复合粉喷涂到步骤(1)中的钛合金材料;喷涂过程中使用90rpm的转速进行喷涂;喷涂完成后自然冷却至室温,高压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌备用。本发明主要用于制备锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料,解决了现有技术中人工关节置换术中容易被感染的问题。

Description

一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金 材料的制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于材料制备技术领域,具体公开了一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
感染、创伤、骨肿瘤所导致的大段骨缺损,其治疗修复一直是临床上所面临的难题。传统自体骨、同种异体骨、可降解人工骨或组织工程骨等因取骨量有限,缺乏足够力学强度而无法胜任大段及负重部位骨缺损修复的力学要求。
医用钛合金等金属骨替代材料具有满意的机械强度,但其弹性模量远高于人体骨骼,植入体内后易产生应力遮挡,以及后期松动。而且由于金属惰性,未经处理的钛合金表面骨整合能力差。长期在体内会出现一定程度的电解、腐蚀甚至炎性假瘤,导致内植物松动、失效。另外,钛合金钢板或假体植入体内后发生感染处理很棘手,由于内植物表面细菌生物膜的形成和阻隔,抗生素治疗往往无效,需要彻底去除内植物,彻底行清创翻修手术才能治愈感染。比如,人工关节置换术后的假体周围感染被称为“灾难性并发症”,给患者造成重大的身体、心理和经济负担。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用,以解决现有技术中人工关节置换术中容易被感染的问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用,包括以下步骤:
(1)钛合金材料预处理:将钛合金片进行喷砂粗化处理;所用砂为46目棕刚玉Al2O3,喷砂后备用;
(2)球磨与造粒:加入ZnO、HA和SrO质量占比0%-10%,将ZnO、HA和SrO混合制备成复合粉,球磨之后SrO/ZnO和HA充分混合,每个球磨罐放50g复合粉,75g球磨珠,向复合粉中加入无水乙醇溶解;使用球磨珠球磨,使用200目筛子过滤,烘干备用;
(3)大气等离子喷涂制备涂层:将预处理后的钛片夹装在金属圆筒上,使用等离子喷涂方法将步骤(2)中的复合粉喷涂到步骤(1)中的钛合金材料;喷涂过程中使用90rpm的转速进行喷涂;喷涂完成后自然冷却至室温,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水对涂层进行超声清洗,高压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌备用。
进一步,步骤(2)中球磨珠球磨时间为12min,转速380r/min;进行两次球磨过程。
进一步,步骤(3)等离子喷涂过程中通入Ar和H2,Ar流量为40slpm、H2流量为7slpm。
进一步,步骤(3)中金属圆筒的转速为90rpm;等离子喷涂参数:喷涂功率40kW、送粉率为30g min-1、喷涂距离为100mm。
进一步,可应用于制备3D打印多孔钛合金复合抗菌-促成骨·多功能表面活性涂层。
本技术方案的工作原理及有益效果在于:
(1)采用金属3D打印增材制造技术可以实现复杂外形植入体的快速定制,通过调整打印参数能精确控制微孔结构,包括形状、大小、孔隙率、空间走向等,从而获得最适合患者所需的个性化植入体。因此,基于患者的个体骨骼CAD设计并打印的个性化植入物能直接实现“假体-骨”的精准匹配或肿瘤骨替代,从而提高手术质量,缩短手术时间,降低手术相关并发症。
(2)针对普通钛合金材料弹性模量高、生物惰性、骨整合能力弱,以及缺乏表面抗菌性的缺点。本方案采用EBM金属3D打印技术快速制备具有合适孔径和孔隙率的个性化多孔钛合金(Ti6Al4V)实验材料,喷涂合适质量百分比的锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层进行表面修饰,赋予多孔钛合金抗菌能力,并提高其生物相容性和表面促成骨能力。最终实现符合人体的生物力学需求的多功能个性化骨缺损修复材料以及多功能个性化植入假体的快速设计、3D打印和涂层构建。
(3)本方案快速、有效制备3D打印多孔钛合金复合“抗菌-促成骨”多功能表面活性涂层材料,满足骨科临床对大段骨缺损、骨重建、骨替代的需求,同时进一步满足临床对骨长入和抗菌性的双重需求,如人工关节感染性翻修、牙科种植体、颅骨缺损、颌面外科骨缺损的修复提供了新的契机。该方案对于3D打印抗菌和促成骨多功能内植物的研发,提高生物力学性能和个性化定制效率,以及促进生物功能化纳米材料和3D打印先进制造技术的融合发展均有重要的理论意义和临床价值。
(4)纳米氧化锌具有广谱抗菌性,但是细胞相容性欠佳,而羟基磷灰石具有优良的生物相容性。因此,将氧化锌的抗菌性与羟基磷灰石的生物相容性结合在一起,以发挥两者更大的效能。
(5)为改善钛合金材料的生物惰性,增加成骨引导性和诱导性,多项研究获得了令人鼓舞的进展。以促成骨活性多肽和含BMP II等活性因子物质构建明胶缓释系统,随着多孔钛合金孔隙内明胶缓慢降解释放rhBMP II,复合材料MSCs的粘附、增殖及成骨分化指标(ALP、OC)均明显高于未复合组。尽管复合rhBMP II的明胶微球具有良好的缓释性能、生物安全性及成骨活性,但它与多孔钛合金表面结构之间并没有令人满意的粘合效果。而且对于医用钛合金类内植物,涉及高温灭菌消毒、包装、运输、储存等多道环节。在多孔钛合金表面复合多肽类和BMP II等成骨活性因子在具体操作过程繁琐,有严格的时限性等缺点,很大程度上限制了其在临床的应用。而在3D打印多孔钛合金表面采用高温大气等离子喷涂锶、纳米氧化锌、HA等无机金属和氧化物,有着耐高温消毒、一次性喷涂成型、存储时间长、无需使用前临时再浸泡处理等诸多优点。
(6)金属3D打印多孔钛合金表面采用等离子喷涂法成功构建具有抗菌、促成骨活性的Sr/nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层,通过掺入一定质量百分比的Sr修饰nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层,将纳米氧化锌的细胞毒性控制至可接受范围,增加其组织相容性和吸附成骨细胞的能力。创新构建了兼具抗菌性和促成骨能力的3D打印多孔钛合金内植物,弥补了医用钛合金(Ti6Al4V)的固有缺陷。
附图说明
本实施例中,图1是本发明一种利用等离子喷涂复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法制备产品在SEM观察下的30倍测试图;
图2是图1中产品在SEM观察下的500倍测试图;
图3是本发明中的细胞增殖测试图;
图4是本发明中的体外抗菌实验测试结果图;
图5是本发明中不同SrO质量占比制得的产品XRD测试图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明:
实施例基本如下所示,一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)钛合金材料预处理:将钛合金片进行喷砂粗化处理(所用砂为46目棕刚玉,Al2O3),喷砂后立即进行喷涂。
(2)球磨与造粒:球磨与造粒:加入ZnO、HA和SrO质量占比0%-10%,将ZnO、HA和SrO混合制备成复合粉,球磨之后SrO/ZnO和HA充分混合,每个球磨罐放50g复合粉,75g球磨珠,向复合粉中加入无水乙醇溶解;使用球磨珠球磨,使用200目筛子过滤,烘干备用;适量无水乙醇溶解。球磨珠球磨12min,转速380r/min。两次球磨,200目筛子过滤,烘干备用。
(3)大气等离子喷涂制备涂层:将预处理后的钛片夹装在金属圆筒上,90rpm的转速进行喷涂。等离子喷涂参数:40功率(kW)、Ar流量(40slpm)、H2流量(7slpm)、送粉率(30gmin-1)、喷涂距离(100mm)。喷涂完成后自然冷却至室温,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水对涂层进行超声清洗1分钟得产品,高压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌备用。
本发明中的一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料,可应用于制备3D打印多孔钛合金复合抗菌-促成骨·多功能表面活性涂层。
nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层的表征
1、场发射扫描电子显微镜分析:对测试样品进行喷金处理后,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM,德国Zeiss,SUPRA55)对涂层的表面形貌进行观察,结合图1和图2所示。
2、X射线衍射分析:利用X射线衍射仪分析涂层的物相组成。具体测试参数:电流为100mA,电压为40KV,Cu靶Ka辐射,特征波长λ=0.154056nm,衍射角(2θ),扫描范围为20°-80°,扫描速度为0.02°/s。测试结果结合图5所示。
Sr/nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层蛋白质吸附能力测定
每组取三个样品放入24孔培养板中37℃孵育2h后,PBS液清洗三次,加入500μL1%的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)溶液于孔中,放入摇床震荡1h以洗脱样品表面的蛋白。微量BCA试剂盒用来检测SDS溶液中的蛋白浓度。通过平均吸光值校准,以及蛋白标准品与其对应浓度绘制标准曲线。根据标准曲线计算出待测样品的蛋白浓度。
nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层以及采用掺锶修饰对细胞增值性的影响
设置nano-ZnO/HA组、Sr/nano-ZnO/HA组以及无任何涂层的空白组。采用小鼠成骨前体细胞系MC3T3-E1细胞对样品涂层的细胞增殖情况进行评估。
1、复苏细胞:实验将含有10%胎牛血清和1%双抗(链霉素和青霉素)的α-MEM培养液,在37℃恒温、5%CO2的细胞培养箱中进行培养。培养箱湿度为70%-80%。
2、细胞接种:对细胞进行培养分离,对细胞悬液进行稀释,得到所需浓度的细胞悬液,分别加入所在24孔板中,置于细胞培养箱中培养。
3、涂层表面细胞增殖:使用CCK-8试剂盒检测,在每个时间点每孔加入混匀好的细胞
培养液和CCK-8试剂。放入37℃避光孵育4h,在450nm波长下使用酶标仪测量吸光度。全过程避光操作。然后以空白组为对照组,计算另外两组相对于空白组的细胞增殖数目百分比。结合图3所示,从上图中可以看出,当锌比例不变,锶的比例增加时细胞增值率有略微增加。当锶的比例不变时随着锌的比例增加时细胞增殖率减小.E组与A、F组之间无统计学差异,E组与B、C、D、G、H相比P<0.05有统计学意义。
Sr/nano-ZnO/HA复合涂层修饰的3D打印多孔钛合金体内抗菌性实验。
同体内成骨实验分为骨缺损组、空白组(纯3D打印件未含任何涂层)、nano-ZnO/HA组、RGD/nano-ZnO/HA共四组,在兔子双侧股骨外侧髁用医用电钻和直径6mm斯氏针制造骨缺损,直径6mm,深度10mm,将多孔钛合金柱形棒植入新西兰兔股骨外侧髁圆柱形骨缺损中。然后在每只兔子骨缺损处注入一定量的金葡菌。术后观察实验动物的饮食、活动情况;感染的临床症状(体温、伤口愈合情况、肢体肿胀情况)、血白细胞含量和中性粒细胞的比例。抑菌率评估:将植入物周围的股骨切块、碾碎,加入PBS缓冲液,离心后取上清液(含细菌),将上清液涂布在细菌培养板上过夜培养,计数菌落数。结合图4所示,本实施例中复合涂层的体外抗菌性测试分八个试验组,1组为纯HA;2组为10%ZnO-HA;3组为10%ZnO-5%SrO-HA;4组为10%ZnO-10%SrO-HA;5组为10%ZnO-15%SrO-HA;6组为10%SrO-HA;7组为5%SrO-10%ZnO-HA;8组为5%SrO-10%ZnO-HA;体外抗菌实验(制成麦氏浊度为0.25的金黄色葡萄球菌悬液,将材料至于24孔板中,每孔加入1ml制备好的细菌悬液,放入37℃温箱孵育24小时,用取菌环蘸取10ul涂布于新鲜的琼脂培养基上,放入37°温箱孵育24小时,观察细菌生长情况。由图可知含有ZnO的各组细菌生长较少。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例,方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明结构的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。

Claims (5)

1.一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)钛合金材料预处理:将钛合金片进行喷砂粗化处理;所用砂为46目棕刚玉Al2O3,喷砂后备用;
(2)球磨与造粒:加入ZnO、HA和SrO质量占比0%-10%,将ZnO、HA和SrO混合制备成复合粉,球磨之后SrO/ZnO和HA充分混合,每个球磨罐放50g复合粉,75g球磨珠,向复合粉中加入无水乙醇溶解;使用球磨珠球磨,使用200目筛子过滤,烘干备用;
(3)大气等离子喷涂制备涂层:将预处理后的钛片夹装在金属圆筒上,使用等离子喷涂方法将步骤(2)中的复合粉喷涂到步骤(1)中的钛合金材料;喷涂过程中使用90rpm的转速进行喷涂;喷涂完成后自然冷却至室温,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水对涂层进行超声清洗,高压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中球磨珠球磨时间为12min,转速380r/min;进行两次球磨过程。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)等离子喷涂过程中通入Ar和H2,Ar流量为40slpm、H2流量为7slpm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中金属圆筒的转速为90rpm;等离子喷涂参数:喷涂功率40kW、送粉率为30g min-1、喷涂距离为100mm。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的应用,其特征在于,可应用于制备3D打印多孔钛合金复合抗菌-促成骨·多功能表面活性涂层。
CN202111331582.8A 2021-11-11 2021-11-11 一种锶/纳米氧化锌/羟基磷灰石复合涂层修饰的多孔钛合金材料的制备方法及其应用 Pending CN114164393A (zh)

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