CN114158740A - Preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber and application of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber in regulating blood fat - Google Patents
Preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber and application of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber in regulating blood fat Download PDFInfo
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- CN114158740A CN114158740A CN202111308267.3A CN202111308267A CN114158740A CN 114158740 A CN114158740 A CN 114158740A CN 202111308267 A CN202111308267 A CN 202111308267A CN 114158740 A CN114158740 A CN 114158740A
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- hazelnut
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on the desugarized hazelnut meal by using thermostable alpha-amylase, papain, glucoamylase and enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances to obtain an zymolyte; and (3) carrying out alcohol precipitation on the zymolyte, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber. The preparation method provided by the invention can obviously improve the yield of the soluble dietary fiber in the hazelnut meal, and the obtained soluble dietary fiber has good function of regulating blood fat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural product extraction, and particularly relates to a preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber and application of the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber in regulating blood fat.
Background
Hazelnut is called nut king, the content of nutrient substances is very rich, and the history of food application is very long. Hazelnuts have been eaten 3 rd century before yuan to 4 th century before yuan in the coasts of the black sea of gacaogue, northern turkish and italy. The Ming dynasty Li Shizhen Ben Cao gang mu carries it: "Renlun" is sweet, mild and non-toxic. It is mainly used for tonifying qi and strengthening intestines and stomach. Modern researches show that the hazelnuts contain nutrient substances such as protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, amino acid, trace elements and the like, and the hazelnuts have very strong satiety after being eaten, so that the effect of reducing the food intake can be achieved. Hazelnut is not only eaten as a nut, but also made into hazelnut oil by various methods, and widely applied to the fields of light industrial foods such as food, cosmetics and the like. The hazelnut meal is a byproduct of oil extraction of hazelnuts and is traditionally mainly used as feed, fertilizer and the like, and researches show that the hazelnut meal mainly contains dietary fiber, protein, sugar, fat and other nutritional ingredients, wherein the content of the dietary fiber is about more than 50 percent, but the application value of the hazelnut meal is not effectively developed at present. If the hazelnut deep processing agent is reasonably utilized, the requirements of people on healthy products are met, waste is changed into valuable, the added value of products is increased for hazelnut deep processing enterprises, and the income of vast planting farmers is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber and an application thereof in blood lipid regulation.
The invention provides a preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on the desugarized hazelnut meal by using thermostable alpha-amylase, papain, glucoamylase and enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances to obtain an zymolyte;
and (3) carrying out alcohol precipitation on the zymolyte, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
A) dispersing the desugarized hazelnut meal into distilled water, adding thermostable alpha-amylase for heating enzymolysis to obtain a first zymolyte;
B) cooling the first zymolyte, adding papain, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a second zymolyte;
C) adding acetic acid into the second zymolyte, then adjusting the pH value to acidity, adding saccharifying enzyme, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a third zymolyte;
D) adding enzymes capable of performing enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances into the third zymolyte, and performing heating enzymolysis to obtain a zymolyte;
E) and (3) inactivating the enzyme of the zymolyte, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, and drying the precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Preferably, the preparation method of the desugarized hazelnut meal comprises the following steps: pulverizing hazelnut meal, and desugarizing with ethanol;
the hazelnut meal after desugarization is the hazelnut meal after superfine grinding.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the thermostable alpha-amylase in the hazelnut meal after desugarization is 0.3-0.7 wt%;
in the step A), the heating enzymolysis temperature is 90-95 ℃, and the time is 30-40 min.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the papain to the desugarized hazelnut meal is 0.3 wt% -0.7 wt%;
in the step B), the heating enzymolysis temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.
Preferably, in the step C), the adding amount of the acetic acid accounts for 10-15% of the volume percentage of the distilled water in the step A);
the pH regulator used for regulating the pH is hydrochloric acid, and the pH is regulated to 4-5;
the saccharifying enzyme accounts for 0.3-0.7 wt% of the desugarized hazelnut meal;
the temperature of heating enzymolysis is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 25-35 min.
Preferably, in step D), the enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances are selected from one or more of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase;
the mass percentage of the enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances in the hazelnut meal after desugarization is 0.5-1.0 wt%;
the temperature of heating enzymolysis is 45-55 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.
Preferably, in step E), the enzyme deactivation is: washing twice with hot water at 90-100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme;
the alcohol precipitation is carried out by adopting 95% ethanol precipitation for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, and then adding absolute ethanol into the concentrated filtrate for alcohol precipitation for 6 h.
The invention also provides the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber in preparing foods or medicines for regulating blood fat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on the desugarized hazelnut meal by using thermostable alpha-amylase, papain, glucoamylase and enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances to obtain an zymolyte; and (3) carrying out alcohol precipitation on the zymolyte, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber. The preparation method provided by the invention can obviously improve the yield of the soluble dietary fiber in the hazelnut meal, and the obtained soluble dietary fiber has good function of regulating blood fat.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on the desugarized hazelnut meal by using thermostable alpha-amylase, papain, glucoamylase and enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances to obtain an zymolyte;
and (3) carrying out alcohol precipitation on the zymolyte, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
The invention takes the desugared hazelnut meal as a raw material to extract soluble dietary fiber, wherein the preparation method of the desugared hazelnut meal comprises the following steps:
pulverizing semen Coryli Heterophyllae dregs, and desugarizing with ethanol. Wherein the hazelnut meal is a byproduct of oil extraction of hazelnuts. The pulverization is preferably through a 50 mesh sieve. The ethanol is an 85% ethanol solution by volume percentage.
After desugarization with ethanol, drying the hazelnut meal, and then carrying out superfine grinding. In the invention, the superfine grinding time is 0-20 min, preferably 10 min. When the hazelnut meal is subjected to superfine grinding for 10min, the yield of the soluble dietary fiber in the hazelnut meal can be obviously improved.
After obtaining the desugarized hazelnut meal, the preparation of the soluble dietary fiber is carried out, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A) dispersing the desugarized hazelnut meal into distilled water, adding thermostable alpha-amylase for heating enzymolysis to obtain a first zymolyte;
B) cooling the first zymolyte, adding papain, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a second zymolyte;
C) adding acetic acid into the second zymolyte, then adjusting the pH value to acidity, adding saccharifying enzyme, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a third zymolyte;
D) adding enzymes capable of performing enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances into the third zymolyte, and performing heating enzymolysis to obtain a zymolyte;
E) and (3) inactivating the enzyme of the zymolyte, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, and drying the precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
The hazelnut meal after desugarization is dispersed in distilled water, and the mass-volume ratio of the hazelnut meal to the distilled water is 1 g: 20-40 ml, preferably 1 g: 20ml, 1 g: 25ml, 1 g: 30ml, 1 g: 35ml, 1 g: 40ml, or 1 g: any value between 20 and 40 ml.
Then, adding thermostable alpha-amylase for heating enzymolysis to obtain a first zymolyte. The mass percentage of the thermostable alpha-amylase in the hazelnut meal after desugarization is 0.3 wt% -0.7 wt%, preferably 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, or any value between 0.3 wt% -0.7 wt%;
in the step A), the temperature of heating enzymolysis is 90-95 ℃, preferably 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, or any value between 90-95 ℃, and the time is 30-40 min, preferably 30, 32, 35, 38, 40, or any value between 30-40 min.
Then, cooling the first zymolyte, adding papain, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a second zymolyte;
wherein the cooling temperature is 55-65 ℃, preferably 55, 60, 65 or any value between 55-65 ℃.
The mass percentage of the papain to the hazelnut meal after desugaring is 0.3 wt% -0.7 wt%, preferably 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, or any value between 0.3 wt% -0.7 wt%;
in the step B), the temperature of heating and enzymolysis is 55-65 ℃, preferably 55, 57, 60, 62, 65, or any value between 55-65 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h, preferably any value between 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 0.5-1.5 h.
Then, adding acetic acid into the second zymolyte, then adjusting the pH value to acidity, adding saccharifying enzyme, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a third zymolyte;
wherein the adding amount of the acetic acid accounts for 10-15% of the distilled water in the step A), and is preferably any value between 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15% or 10-15%;
the pH regulator used for regulating the pH is hydrochloric acid, and the pH is regulated to 4-5;
the mass percentage of the saccharifying enzyme in the hazelnut meal after desugarization is 0.3-0.7 wt%, preferably 0.3, 0.4 or 0.3-0.7 wt%;
the temperature of the heating enzymolysis is 55-65 ℃, and is selected to be any value between 55, 57, 60, 62 and 65, or 55-65 ℃, and the time is 25-35 min, preferably any value between 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35, or 25-35 min.
After a third zymolyte is obtained, enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances are added into the third zymolyte for heating and enzymolysis, so as to obtain a zymolyte;
the enzymes capable of performing enzymolysis on the cellulose, the polysaccharide and the pectin substances are selected from one or more of hemicellulase and pectinase;
the mass percentage of the enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances in the desugarized hazelnut meal is 0.5-1.0 wt%, preferably 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.0 wt%, or any value between 0.5-1.0 wt%;
the temperature of the heating enzymolysis is 45-55 ℃, preferably 45, 48, 50, 52, 55, or any value between 45-55 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or any value between 0.5-1.5 h.
And finally, inactivating the enzyme of the zymolyte, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, and drying the precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
The enzyme deactivation is as follows: washing twice with hot water of 90-100 ℃ for enzyme inactivation, and filtering after enzyme inactivation to obtain filtrate.
And carrying out alcohol precipitation on the filtrate, wherein the alcohol precipitation adopts 95% ethanol precipitation for 1h filtration, the volume ratio of the filtrate to the ethanol is 1:4, carrying out alcohol precipitation to obtain a filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then adding absolute ethanol with the volume ratio of 1:4 into the concentrated filtrate to carry out alcohol precipitation for 6 h.
And finally, freeze-drying the precipitate after alcohol precipitation to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
The invention also provides the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber in preparing foods or medicines for regulating blood fat.
According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the hazelnut meal is subjected to enzymolysis through the enzymes of specific types and steps, so that the yield of the soluble dietary fibers in the hazelnut meal can be obviously improved, and the obtained soluble dietary fibers have a good blood fat regulating effect.
In order to further understand the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the preparation method of the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber and the application thereof in blood lipid regulation, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
The hazelnut meal is crushed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve, desugared by 85% ethanol and dried for standby. Placing the desugared hazelnut meal into a superfine pulverizer, pulverizing for 10 minutes to obtain hazelnut meal superfine powder, and extracting soluble dietary fibers by the following examples.
Example 1
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering with an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 0.8% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then performing 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.8% of cellulase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing with 100 ℃ hot water for two times to inactivate enzyme, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 2
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering with an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then performing 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.8% of cellulase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing with 100 ℃ hot water for two times to inactivate enzyme, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 3
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering with an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then performing 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.8% of hemicellulase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing with 100 ℃ hot water for two times to inactivate enzyme, filtering, adding 95% ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 4
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then performing 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 1.0% of pectinase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing with 100 ℃ hot water for two times to inactivate enzyme, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 5
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering with an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then in 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.4% of cellulase and 0.4% of hemicellulase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing with 100 ℃ hot water for twice for enzyme inactivation, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to the ratio of the filtrate to 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to the ratio of the filtrate to 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, freezing and drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 6
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then in 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.4% of cellulase and 0.4% of pectinase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing twice with 100 ℃ hot water for enzyme inactivation, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to the ratio of 1:4 of the filtrate to precipitate for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to the ratio of 1:4 of the filtrate to precipitate for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Example 7
Weighing 1.0g of hazelnut meal superfine powder, fully dispersing in 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase, covering an aluminum foil, placing in a 95 ℃ water bath kettle for enzymolysis for 35min, taking out, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 1.0% of papain in 60 ℃ water bath for 1h, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then in 60 ℃ water bath for 30min, adding 0.4% of hemicellulase and 0.4% of pectinase in 50 ℃ water bath for 1h, washing twice with 100 ℃ hot water for enzyme inactivation, filtering, adding 95% ethanol according to the ratio of the filtrate to 1:4, precipitating for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to the ratio of the filtrate to 1:4, precipitating for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, freezing and drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Comparative example 1
Dispersing 1.0g of desugarized hazelnut meal into 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of thermostable alpha-amylase for enzymolysis for 35min in a water bath at 95 ℃, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 0.8% of neutral protease for 1h in the water bath at 60 ℃, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of saccharifying enzyme, further performing water bath at 60 ℃ for 30min, washing twice with 100 ℃ hot water for enzyme deactivation, filtering, adding 95% ethanol according to the filtrate ratio of 1:4, performing ethanol precipitation for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to the filtrate ratio of 1:4, performing ethanol precipitation for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Comparative example 2
Dispersing 1.0g of desugarized hazelnut meal into 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of beta-amylase for enzymolysis for 35min in a water bath at 95 ℃, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5% of alkaline protease for 1h in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of glucoamylase, then performing water bath at 60 ℃ for 30min, washing twice with hot water at 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to the filtrate ratio of 1:4, performing ethanol precipitation for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to the filtrate ratio of 1:4, performing ethanol precipitation for 6h, centrifuging, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
Comparative example 3
Dispersing 1.0g of desugarized hazelnut meal into 40ml of distilled water, adding 0.5% of beta-amylase for enzymolysis for 35min in a water bath at 95 ℃, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 0.5% of alkaline protease for 1h in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 5ml of acetic acid, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, adding 0.5% of saccharifying enzyme, further performing water bath at 60 ℃ for 30min, adding 0.8% of xylanase for 1h in a water bath at 50 ℃, washing with hot water at 100 ℃ for two times to inactivate enzyme, filtering, adding 95% of ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, precipitating with ethanol for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding absolute ethanol according to a filtrate ratio of 1:4, centrifuging for 6h, precipitating, and freeze-drying to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
TABLE 1 Effect of soluble dietary fiber yield
Note: each set of samples was replicated three times. In comparison with the example 1, the present inventors have conducted a comparison,aP<0.05 (with significant difference); in comparison with the example 3, the present inventors have conducted a comparison,bP<0.05; in comparison with comparative example 1,cP<0.05，dP<0.01，eP<0.001; in comparison with comparative example 2,fP<0.05，gP<0.01; in comparison with comparative example 3,hP<0.05，iP<0.01。
example 8
Regulating effect of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber on hyperlipidemia rats
SD rats fed with high-fat feed are used for creating a hyperlipidemia model, and after 5 weeks of continuous molding, hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber (0.9g/kg) is given. After 5 weeks of administration, rats were anesthetized, and abdominal aorta was bled and serum was isolated for measuring cholesterol (TC) and Triglyceride (TG), and 0.1g of liver was taken, and the ratio of tissue to tissue was 1: 9, adding precooled PBS buffer, homogenizing, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and using for measuring TC, TG, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C).
The results are shown in table 2 and table 3, and compared with the blank group, the serum TC and TG levels of the model group are obviously increased (P < 0.01); the TC, TG and LDL-C levels of liver tissues are obviously increased (P <0.01), and the HDL-C level is obviously reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with a model group, the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber can obviously reduce the TC and TG levels of serum (P is less than 0.01); obviously reduce TC, TG and LDL-C levels of liver tissues and obviously increase HDL-C levels of liver tissues. The hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber extracted by the invention has good function of regulating blood fat.
Table 2 determination of TC, TG content in serum (unit: mmol/L,
n＝10)
note: comparison with model group*p<0.05，**p<0.01。
TABLE 3 measurement of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C content in liver (unit: μmol/L,
n＝10)
note: p <0.05, P <0.01 to model group.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on the desugarized hazelnut meal by using thermostable alpha-amylase, papain, glucoamylase and enzymes capable of carrying out enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances to obtain an zymolyte;
and (3) carrying out alcohol precipitation on the zymolyte, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
A) dispersing the desugarized hazelnut meal into distilled water, adding thermostable alpha-amylase for heating enzymolysis to obtain a first zymolyte;
B) cooling the first zymolyte, adding papain, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a second zymolyte;
C) adding acetic acid into the second zymolyte, then adjusting the pH value to acidity, adding saccharifying enzyme, and heating for enzymolysis to obtain a third zymolyte;
D) adding enzymes capable of performing enzymolysis on cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances into the third zymolyte, and performing heating enzymolysis to obtain a zymolyte;
E) and (3) inactivating the enzyme of the zymolyte, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, and drying the precipitate to obtain the soluble dietary fiber.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method for preparing the desugarized hazelnut meal comprises: pulverizing hazelnut meal, and desugarizing with ethanol;
the hazelnut meal after desugarization is the hazelnut meal after superfine grinding.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the thermostable alpha-amylase accounts for 0.3 wt% to 0.7 wt% of the desugarized hazelnut meal;
in the step A), the heating enzymolysis temperature is 90-95 ℃, and the time is 30-40 min.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass percentage of the papain to the desugarized hazelnut meal is 0.3-0.7 wt%;
in the step B), the heating enzymolysis temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step C), the adding amount of the acetic acid is 10-15% of the volume percentage of the distilled water in the step A);
the pH regulator used for regulating the pH is hydrochloric acid, and the pH is regulated to 4-5;
the saccharifying enzyme accounts for 0.3-0.7 wt% of the desugarized hazelnut meal;
the temperature of heating enzymolysis is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 25-35 min.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step D), the enzymes that can hydrolyze cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances are selected from one or more of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase;
the mass percentage of the enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, polysaccharide and pectin substances in the hazelnut meal after desugarization is 0.5-1.0 wt%;
the temperature of heating enzymolysis is 45-55 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step E), the enzyme deactivation is: washing twice with hot water at 90-100 ℃ to inactivate enzyme;
the alcohol precipitation is carried out by adopting 95% ethanol precipitation for 1h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, and then adding absolute ethanol into the concentrated filtrate for alcohol precipitation for 6 h.
9. The hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of the hazelnut meal soluble dietary fiber of claim 9 in the preparation of a food or a pharmaceutical product for regulating blood lipid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106923350A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-07 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing water-soluble dietary fiber from corn stigma |
| CN107712170A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of preparation method and applications of soluble dietary fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106923350A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-07 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing water-soluble dietary fiber from corn stigma |
| CN107712170A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of preparation method and applications of soluble dietary fiber |
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| 张金堂: "长白山野生榛仁膳食纤维制备工艺及理化性质分析", 《食品科技》, pages 232 - 238 * |
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