CN114156718A - Portable laser wire stripping device and wire stripping method thereof - Google Patents
Portable laser wire stripping device and wire stripping method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114156718A CN114156718A CN202111239733.7A CN202111239733A CN114156718A CN 114156718 A CN114156718 A CN 114156718A CN 202111239733 A CN202111239733 A CN 202111239733A CN 114156718 A CN114156718 A CN 114156718A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/28—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for wire processing before connecting to contact members, not provided for in groups H01R43/02 - H01R43/26
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/12—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Abstract
The invention discloses a portable laser wire stripping device and a wire stripping method thereof, wherein the portable laser wire stripping device comprises a laser source, a first conical lens, a second conical lens, a planar lens and a concave reflector which are coaxially arranged from front to back in sequence, the first conical lens and the second conical lens are arranged in a conical top symmetry mode and are used for forming an annular laser beam behind the second conical lens, a light-tight stop block is arranged in the center of the rear end face of the planar lens, a limit groove is formed in the rear end of the light-tight stop block and is used for positioning the front end of a wire to be machined, a concave curved surface of the concave reflector and the planar lens are oppositely arranged and are used for focusing the annular laser beam penetrating through the planar lens, and a through hole is coaxially formed in the center of the concave reflector and is used for the wire to be machined to pass through. The portable laser wire stripping device is simple in structure and a using method, and is suitable for application fields needing portable or handheld laser wire stripping, such as the field wiring of industrial automation, the field wiring of aerospace equipment and the like, which cannot use the traditional desktop or desktop type laser wire stripping equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to wire processing, in particular to a portable laser wire stripping device and a wire stripping method thereof.
Background
Since the discovery and application of electricity, various wires appear in large numbers, and are mainly characterized by consisting of an inner metal conductive wire core and an outer insulating layer sheath. With the vigorous development of various consumer electronic products and high-speed communication products, communication cables are thinner and thinner. The traditional mode of mechanically removing the insulating layer of the wire cannot meet the requirements of no damage to the wire core, regular cut, good consistency and the like. Various methods for laser stripping of the insulation and shielding layers of the wires have been developed in the past decade. In the method, two upper and lower beams of laser are focused on a wire insulating layer and a wire is moved to form a cauterization notch on the wire insulating layer, and then the wire insulating layer with the notch is manually or mechanically pulled to separate a wire core from the insulating layer. This type of method, in which only two laser focused beams are used to cut the insulating layer, has the following major drawbacks: in order to meet the requirement of high peak power at the focus, the edge of the circular wire insulating layer is in an out-of-focus working state and is easy to cut continuously or plastic residue due to the fact that the diameter of the focus is small and the depth of focus is short. The problem of wire core damage caused by excessive cutting occurs at the position closer to the defocusing point. In order to solve the problem, a method for cutting an insulating layer by using four or more laser beams is proposed as described in patent CN201010500061, and the problem existing in the traditional two laser beams is greatly improved by using the method. However, this method also presents a new problem because the optical design is excessively complicated when the laser needs to be divided into 4 paths of light beams for output, and both the switched light beam scheme and the split light beam scheme are excessively complicated, and the more serious problem is that the best effect is obtained only when four paths of laser beams are completely overlapped. The devices require extremely high mechanical stability and adjustment accuracy, both of which are rather difficult to manufacture and use. In order to further expand the coverage field of the application of laser wire stripping, a method of rotating a laser beam relative to a wire material, such as the patent CN201310279521, is provided, but the method generally has the problem that the cut is difficult to align. With the increasing electronization degree of various cables in the fields of aerospace, aviation, war industry, automobiles and the like, the construction wire stripping treatment is required to be carried out on site, and the traditional various laser wire strippers are designed according to the batch application of production lines, have large volume, heavy weight, complex adjustment and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of handheld field operation in narrow space.
Therefore, a portable laser wire stripping device and a wire stripping method thereof with simple structure, convenient use and good notch consistency need to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provides a portable laser wire stripping device and a wire stripping method thereof, wherein the portable laser wire stripping device is simple in structure, convenient to use and good in notch consistency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a portable laser wire stripping device is characterized by comprising a laser source, a first conical lens, a second conical lens, a planar lens and a concave reflector which are coaxially arranged from front to back in sequence, wherein the conical tops of the first conical lens and the second conical lens are oppositely arranged and used for forming an annular laser beam behind the second conical lens, a light-tight stop block is arranged at the center of the rear end face of the planar lens, a limiting groove is formed in the rear end of the light-tight stop block and used for positioning the top end of a wire to be machined, a concave curved surface of the concave reflector and the planar lens are oppositely arranged and used for focusing the annular laser beam penetrating through the planar lens, and a through hole is coaxially formed in the center of the concave reflector and used for the wire to be machined to pass through.
Preferably, the limiting groove is a conical groove which is coaxial with the planar lens and has an inner diameter which is uniformly enlarged backwards.
Preferably, the first axicon and the second axicon have the same cone angle.
Preferably, the light-tight block is a cylinder or a cube, and the light-tight block is attached and fixedly connected to the center of the rear end face of the planar lens.
Furthermore, the light-tight stop block is arranged coaxially with the planar lens when being a cylinder.
Furthermore, when the light-proof stop block is a cube, one edge of the light-proof stop block is axially arranged along the planar lens, and the central axis of the planar lens passes through the geometric center of the light-proof stop block.
The invention also provides a laser wire stripping method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the laser source emits collimated or nearly collimated laser beams, the laser beams form annular laser beams after passing through a first conical lens and a second conical lens which are arranged oppositely at the cone tops, and the annular laser beams penetrate through a plane lens and are focused through a concave reflector to obtain a laser diaphragm;
b. adjusting the distance between the first conical lens and the second conical lens to enable the laser ring to radially correspond to the insulating sheath of the wire to be processed; adjusting the distance between the planar lens and the concave reflector to enable the distance between the laser ring and the light-tight stop block arranged at the center of the rear end of the planar lens to correspond to the stripping length of the lead to be processed;
c. and coaxially penetrating a wire to be processed through a through hole in the center of the concave reflector until the top end of the wire to be processed enters a limiting groove formed in the rear end of the light-tight stop block to be in contact limiting, and focusing a laser ring on the insulating sheath to finish wire stripping.
Preferably, the laser ring in step b radially corresponds to the insulating sheath of the wire to be processed, specifically:
let the inner diameter of the insulating sheath be r0Outer diameter of R0Then (r)0+R0) 2 is more than or equal to the inner diameter r of the laser ring is more than or equal to r0The outer diameter R of the laser ring is more than or equal to R0。
Preferably, the distance between the first axicon lens and the second axicon lens is adjusted in the step b, and specifically comprises the following steps: the second conical lens is fixed, and the axial position of the first conical lens is adjusted;
preferably, the step b of adjusting the distance between the planar lens and the concave reflector specifically comprises: the concave reflector is fixed, and the axial position of the plane lens is adjusted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the portable laser wire stripping device is simple in structure and convenient to use, and is suitable for application fields needing portable or handheld laser wire stripping, such as the field of industrial automation field wiring, field wiring of aerospace equipment and the like, which cannot use the field of traditional desktop or desktop laser wire stripping equipment.
2. Compared with the method for cutting the wire insulating layer by the laser beams of two light paths and four light paths in the traditional method, the covered area of the cut by the laser is more complete, and the consistency of the cut at the same focus position of all parts in the insulating sheath is better; compared with the traditional method which needs cutting in a mechanical rotation mode, the method disclosed by the invention has no rotating mechanism, and the problem that the annular incision cannot be closed due to laser beam deviation caused by poor mechanical coaxiality can be avoided.
3. The wire stripping device can be adapted to wires of various specifications, the radial size of an insulating sheath to be stripped can be adapted to the distance between the first conical lens and the second conical lens, the distance between the planar lens and the concave reflector can be adapted to the wire stripping distance, and the wire stripping can be completed quickly and accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a portable laser wire stripping device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a ring laser beam structure
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a concave reflector
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the laser ring and the lead to be processed
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the portable laser wire stripping device with cage-type optical adjustment components
Wherein: 1-laser source 2-lead to be processed (21-insulating sheath 22-metal wire core) 3-first cone lens 4-second cone lens 5-plane lens 6-light-tight block 7-concave reflector 8-spacing groove 9-annular laser beam 10-laser diaphragm 11-through hole 12-cage plate 13-cage bar.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples further illustrate the invention in detail.
As shown in fig. 1, the portable laser wire stripping device provided by the present invention comprises a laser source 1, a first axicon lens 3, a second axicon lens 4, a planar lens 5, and a concave reflector 7, which are coaxially arranged from front to back in sequence, wherein the first axicon lens 3 and the second axicon lens 4 are arranged in a conical symmetry manner for forming an annular laser beam 9 behind the second axicon lens 4, as shown in fig. 2. The center of the rear end face of the planar lens 5 is provided with an opaque stop 6, the rear end of the opaque stop 6 is provided with a limit groove 8 for positioning the top end (front end) of the wire 2 to be processed, the concave surface of the concave reflector 7 is arranged opposite to the planar lens 5 (namely the concave surface is positioned on one side of the concave reflector 7 close to the planar lens 5) for focusing the annular laser beam penetrating through the planar lens 5, as shown in fig. 3, the center of the concave reflector 7 is coaxially provided with an axial through hole 11 for the wire 2 to be processed to pass through, and the front-to-back direction in the invention is the same as the left-to-right direction in fig. 1.
Among the above components:
the laser source 1 is a laser light source, and the emitted laser is collimated or nearly collimated; the laser power is 10-120W, the laser wavelength is 400-455nM blue laser, and the working mode can be continuous or pulse laser. The laser source can be a semiconductor solid laser, a semiconductor optical fiber coupling laser, an optical fiber laser and the like, and the specific implementation mode of the laser source has no influence on the invention.
The first axicon lens 3 and the second axicon lens 4 are both lenses composed of a conical surface and a plane surface, and the axicon lenses are commonly used for generating beams with Bessel intensity distribution or conical non-divergent beams. The plane of the first cone lens 3 is aligned with the laser source 1, and the first cone lens 3 and the second cone lens 4 are same in specification and shape and symmetrically arranged in conical tops. Annular laser beams 9 with different divergence angles can be obtained after the second conical lens 4 by adjusting the distance between the first conical lens 3 and the second conical lens 4, the refractive indexes and the physical cone angles of the first conical lens 3 and the second conical lens 4 are only related to the diameter of the finally generated annular laser beam, the material and the coating film layer only influence the transmittance of the laser, and the realization mode of the invention is not influenced.
The planar lens 5 is a non-curvature lens transparent to laser light. The annular laser beam 9 has no change to the distribution of laser energy after passing through the planar lens 5, and the material and the coating film layer only have influence on the laser transmittance, so that the implementation mode of the invention is not influenced.
The opaque block 6 is made of a material that is opaque to laser light and resistant to high temperature, and may be metal or non-metal. The front end face of the light-tight stop block 6 is tightly attached to the center of the planar lens 5, the limiting groove 8 at the rear end is used for temporarily fixing the top end of the lead 2 to be processed, the limiting groove 8 and the planar lens 5 are coaxially arranged, and the limiting groove 8 is a conical groove with the inner diameter uniformly expanded backwards.
The light-tight stop 6 may be a cylinder or a cube. The light-tight stop 6 is arranged coaxially with the planar lens 5 when being a cylinder; when the light-proof block 6 is a cube, one side (any side with a long side, a wide side and a high side) is arranged along the axial direction of the planar lens 5, and the central axis of the planar lens 5 passes through the geometric center of the light-proof block 6. No matter what the shape is, the outer edge of the light-proof block 6 does not exceed the inner diameter edge of the annular laser beam 9 in the radial direction, namely, the annular laser beam 9 is prevented from being shielded, and the light-proof block 6 is a cylinder coaxially arranged with the planar lens 5 in the implementation.
The concave reflector 7 is a conventional radial focusing mirror, the concave curved surface of which is just opposite to the annular laser beam 9, and the aperture of the through hole 11 at the center is larger than the outer diameter of the lead 2 to be processed and smaller than the inner diameter of the annular laser beam 9. The focal length of the concave mirror 7 together with the divergence angle of the annular laser beam 9 determines the radial size of the focused laser aperture 10.
The wire 2 to be processed is a general power or signal transmission wire. It has an inner metal core 22 and an insulating sheath 21 which covers the surface of the metal core 22 in a completely tight manner. The maximum diameter of the wire 2 to be processed needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the ring-shaped laser beam 9 (otherwise, cannot pass through the through hole 11).
The length of the insulating sheath 21 to be stripped can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the planar lens 5 and the light-proof stop 6 and the concave reflecting mirror 7; the divergence angle of the annular laser beam 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first conical lens 3 and the second conical lens 4, and the diameter of a laser ring 10 formed by focusing of the concave reflecting mirror 7 is indirectly controlled so as to adapt to wires 2 to be processed with different specifications.
As shown in fig. 4, the diameter of the laser ring 10 is required to be: if the inner diameter of the insulating sheath 21 is r0Outer diameter of R0Then (r)0+R0) 2 is more than or equal to the inner diameter r of the laser ring is more than or equal to r0The outer diameter R of the laser ring is more than or equal to R0. The inner edge of the laser ring 10 is flush with the inner edge of the insulating outer skin 21 or slightly exceeds the inner edge of the insulating outer skin 21 outwards, so that the metal wire core 22 tightly attached to the inner edge of the insulating outer skin 21 can be prevented from being irradiated, but the inner edge of the insulating outer skin 21 can not be excessively exceeded, otherwise, the part of the insulating outer skin 21 which can be irradiated by laser is too small, and the wire stripping is difficult to fall off; the outer edge of the laser diaphragm 10 is flush with the outer edge of the insulating sheath 21 or exceeds the outer edge of the insulating sheath 21, so that the insulating sheath 21 can be sufficiently covered, and the stripping can be realized.
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the first axicon lens 3 and the second axicon lens 4 are both made of AX2520-a type axicon lens of the american thrabs company, the planar lens 5 is made of WG41010-UV planar lens of the american thrabs company, the concave mirror 7 is made of CM254-025-E02 concave mirror of the american thrabs company, the laser source 1 is made of a large family grown 450nM 120W blue-light fiber coupled semiconductor laser system in cooperation with a F810APC-405 large aperture laser collimator, the optical components are assembled by a cage optical adjustment assembly of the american thrabs company, the cage optical adjustment assembly includes a plurality of cages 12 and four cages 13, each cage 12 fits each optical component inside, and four corners of each cage 12 are inserted into the four cages 13 to drive each optical component to move axially.
The laser wire stripping method of the portable laser wire stripping device comprises the following steps:
a. a laser source 1 (an optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser system is matched with a collimator) emits Gaussian distribution collimated laser beams with the diameter of about 8mm, an annular laser beam 9 is formed after the laser beams pass through a first conical lens 3 and a second conical lens 4, and the annular laser beam penetrates through a plane lens 5 and is focused through a concave reflector 7 to obtain a laser diaphragm 10;
b. the axial distance between the first conical lens 3 and the second conical lens 4 is adjusted (in the embodiment, the second conical lens 4 is fixed, and the axial position of the first conical lens 3 is adjusted) to make the laser ring 10 radially correspond to the insulating sheath 21 of the wire 2 to be processed (namely (r)0+R0) 2 is more than or equal to the inner diameter r of the laser ring is more than or equal to r0The outer diameter R of the laser ring is more than or equal to R0In this embodiment, the inner diameter r of the laser aperture is r0The outer diameter R of the laser ring is more than or equal to R0) (ii) a Adjusting the axial distance between the planar lens 5 and the concave reflector 7 (in this embodiment, the concave reflector 7 is fixed, and the axial position of the planar lens 5 is adjusted), so that the distance between the laser diaphragm 10 and the light-tight stop 6 corresponds to the stripping length of the insulating sheath 21 of the lead 2 to be processed;
c. the lead 2 to be processed coaxially passes through a through hole 11 (the diameter is 10mm) in the center of the concave reflector 7, the front end of the lead 2 to be processed enters a limiting groove 8 to be in contact limiting, and at the moment, the laser ring 10 focuses on an insulating sheath 21 to complete wire stripping.
In the above method, if the laser turns in step b are (r)0+R0) 2 is more than or equal to the inner diameter r of the laser ring0(i.e., the inner edge of the laser ring 10 slightly exceeds the inner edge of the insulating sheath 21), a very small portion of the insulating sheath 21 stripped in step c is connected to the lead 2 to be processed, and the portable device is then connected to the leadThe laser wire stripping device is removed and the stripped insulating sheath 21 is manually pulled from the conductor 2 to be processed.
Claims (10)
1. A portable laser wire stripping device is characterized by comprising a laser source (1), a first cone lens (3), a second cone lens (4), a plane lens (5) and a concave reflector (7) which are coaxially arranged from front to back in sequence, the first cone lens (3) and the second cone lens (4) are arranged opposite to each other in the conical top for forming an annular laser beam behind the second cone lens (4), a light-tight stop block (6) is arranged at the center of the rear end face of the planar lens (5), the rear end of the light-tight baffle block (6) is provided with a limit groove (8) for positioning the top end of the lead (2) to be processed, the concave surface of the concave reflector (7) is opposite to the plane lens (5) and is used for focusing the annular laser beam which penetrates through the plane lens (5), the center of the concave reflector (7) is coaxially provided with a through hole (11) for a lead (2) to be processed to pass through.
2. The portable laser wire stripping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said limiting groove (8) is a conical groove which is coaxial with the planar lens (5) and has an inner diameter which is uniformly enlarged backward.
3. The portable laser wire stripping device of claim 1, wherein said first cone lens (3) and said second cone lens (4) have the same cone angle.
4. The portable laser wire stripping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light-tight stop (6) is a cylinder or a cube, and said light-tight stop (6) is fixedly attached to the center of the rear end face of said planar lens (5).
5. Portable laser wire stripping device according to claim 4, characterised in that the light-tight stop (6) is arranged coaxially with the planar lens (5) when it is cylindrical.
6. The portable laser wire stripping device of claim 4, wherein said opaque stop (6) is a cube, one of which is axially disposed along said planar lens (5), and the central axis of said planar lens (5) passes through the geometric center of said opaque stop (6).
7. A laser wire stripping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the laser source (1) emits collimated or nearly collimated laser beams, the laser beams form annular laser beams (9) after passing through a first conical lens (3) and a second conical lens (4) which are arranged oppositely at conical tops, and the annular laser beams (9) penetrate through a plane lens (5) and are focused through a concave reflector (7) to obtain a laser diaphragm (10);
b. adjusting the distance between the first conical lens (3) and the second conical lens (4) to enable the laser ring (10) to radially correspond to the insulating sheath (21) of the lead (2) to be processed; adjusting the distance between the plane lens (5) and the concave reflector (7) to enable the distance between the laser diaphragm (10) and the light-tight stop block (6) arranged at the center of the rear end of the plane lens (5) to correspond to the stripping length of the lead (2) to be processed;
c. the lead (2) to be processed coaxially penetrates through a through hole (11) in the center of the concave reflector (7) until the top end of the lead (2) to be processed enters a limiting groove (8) formed in the rear end of the light-tight stop block (6) to be in contact limiting, and a laser ring (10) is focused on an insulating sheath (21) to complete wire stripping.
8. The laser wire stripping method according to claim 7, characterized in that in step b the laser diaphragm (10) radially corresponds to the insulating sheath (21) of the conductor (2) to be processed, in particular:
the inner diameter of the insulating sheath (21) is set to r0Outer diameter of R0Then (r)0+R0) 2 is more than or equal to the inner diameter r of the laser ring is more than or equal to r0The outer diameter R of the laser ring is more than or equal to R0。
9. The laser wire stripping method according to claim 7, wherein in step b, the distance between the first cone lens (3) and the second cone lens (4) is adjusted, specifically: the second conical lens (4) is fixed, and the axial position of the first conical lens (3) is adjusted.
10. The laser wire stripping method according to claim 7, wherein in step b, the distance between the planar lens (5) and the concave reflector (7) is adjusted, specifically: the concave reflector (7) is fixed to adjust the axial position of the planar lens (5).
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| CN202111239733.7A CN114156718B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Portable laser wire stripping device and wire stripping method thereof |
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| CN202111239733.7A CN114156718B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Portable laser wire stripping device and wire stripping method thereof |
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| CN101573204A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-11-04 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Laser-beam working device and method for adjusting the focal position |
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| CN114156718B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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