CN114152655A - 用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于分析化学领域,具体涉及一种用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L‑Phe复合物修饰电极及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:配制聚苯乙烯与L‑苯丙氨酸(PS‑L‑Phe)复合物溶液;制备PS‑L‑Phe修饰的电极;电化学方法识别谷氨酸对映体。本发明的有益效果是:PS‑L‑Phe手性表面制备过程简洁,制备成本低,基于简单的亲水疏水原理及π‑π堆积和π电子吸引作用使L‑苯丙氨酸固定于聚苯乙烯微球表面并形成特定的刚性空间布局,所制备的手性表面达到了较好的对映体识别效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分析化学领域,特别涉及一种用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极及其制备方法。
背景技术
一种物质不能与其镜像重合的特征称为手性,手性对映体在非手性环境中性质没有差异,但在手性环境中会表现出物化性能的差异,由于生命体本身就是一个大的手性环境,所以通常会出现手性药物对映体的一种构型取得很好的临床效果的同时,另一种构型往往呈现出较强的毒副作用,所以对手性对映体的识别与分离研究尤为重要。
常用的手性识别方法有色谱法、光谱法,但由于其操作过程复杂,检测周期长,成本高昂,所以稳定性强、灵敏度高、成本低、检测速度快的电化学方法应运而生。电化学手性识别的首要任务是获得手性表面材料,基于手性表面材料与对映体的两种构型作用量的不同,转化为循环伏安和差分脉冲伏安图的峰电流差异,进而达到手性识别的目的。
现有的电化学手性识别的手性表面材料有以主客体手性识别机制的大环状、笼状分子。如杯芳烃、环糊精、冠醚、卟啉金属化合物等;以分子印迹膜手性识别为基础的各类分子印迹膜;以手性配体交换机制的氨基酸金属配合物;以生物分子手性识别机制的DNA、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、人血清白蛋白(HAS)、抗体等;以手性电催化机制的氨基酸氧化酶、氨基酸聚合膜、类氨基酸组装膜等。虽然手性材料各有其优势,但仍存在制备过程相对复杂和制备成本较高等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可应用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极及其制备方法。选用价格低廉的聚苯乙烯和蛋白质的其中一种两亲性单体—苯丙氨酸为原料,将无水乙醇分散的聚苯乙烯微球和L-苯丙氨酸水溶液混合超声后,滴涂于电极表面,利用两种物质的疏水亲水作用以及π-π堆积和π电子吸引作用来构建手性表面,烘干后制得修饰电极。该手性表面不仅成本低廉,制备过程简洁,而且与两种对映体作用的电信号差异明显。
用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)配制聚苯乙烯分散液:称取6mg聚苯乙烯微球分散于1mL无水乙醇中,超声分散,配成浓度为6mg/ml的聚苯乙烯分散液;
(2)配制L-Phe溶液:称取6mg L-Phe溶于1mL超纯水中,超声溶解,配成浓度为6mg/ml的L-Phe溶液;
(3)制备PS-L-Phe修饰电极:取制得的聚苯乙烯分散液、L-Phe溶液混合后超声,制得PS与L-Phe复合溶液。
复合溶液中聚苯乙烯分散液和L-Phe溶液的质量比为1:4-4:1。
(4)取适量复合溶液滴涂于电极表面,红外灯下烘干,再滴涂适量0.05%的Nafion溶液用于固定PS-L-Phe复合物,即可制得PS-L-Phe修饰电极。
Nafion溶液、PS-L-Phe溶液的滴涂量均为5μL。
谷氨酸对映体手性识别的方法:
采用电化学检测法进行识别,具体的方法为:采用三电极体系,分别将裸玻碳电极、本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极或与谷氨酸作用后的本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极为工作电极,铂片电极为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,以铁氰化钾溶液为支持电解质,在三电极体系下于-0.2-0.6v的电位范围内记录差分脉冲伏安曲线。
与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极的制备过程为:在室温下将PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极分别浸入配制好的L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液(含PH=7的0.1M PBS缓冲溶液)中孵育,取出后置于红外灯下烘干,再滴涂适量0.05%的Nafion溶液后烘干得到。
配制的L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液的浓度均为10mM,孵育时间为15min
修饰电极在支持电解质中循环伏安扫描的圈数为8圈。
本发明的有益效果是:制备手性PS-L-Phe修饰电极的方法简便易行,成本低廉,制备过程环保无污染,且该手性PS-L-Phe修饰电极能高效地识别谷氨酸对映体。
附图说明:
图1为PS-L-Phe复合物的红外光谱图。
图2为负载PS-L-Phe的电极与谷氨酸对映体分别作用后的DPV曲线。
图3分别为裸玻碳电极,负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极,负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极分别与L-Glu与D-Glu作用后各自的循环伏安曲线。
图4分别为裸玻碳电极,负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极,负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极分别与L-Glu与D-Glu作用后各自的阻抗图。
图5为不同质量比的PS和L-Phe样品各自负载到电极表面分别与对映体作用后的DPV测试,以IL/ID为纵坐标曲线。
具体实施方式
现在结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。
本发明通过聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极对谷氨酸对映体按下述方法进行识别:
RL/D=IL/ID
ΔE=EL-ED
式中,RL/D表示谷氨酸对映体氧化峰电流比值,ΔE表示谷氨酸对映体氧化峰电位差值,IL和ID分别表示L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸的氧化峰电流,EL和ED分别表示L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸的氧化峰电位。
实施例1
(1)取6mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取6mg L-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
(2)取5μL PS-L-Phe溶液滴涂于玻碳电极表面,在红外灯下烘干,在滴涂5μL0.05%的Nafion溶液得到PS-L-Phe修饰电极;
(3)电化学实验采用三电极体系,与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰电极为工作电极,铂片电极为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,在0.1M K3Fe(CN)6溶液中进行差分脉冲伏安扫描,电位范围为-0.2~0.6V。
与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰电极是在室温下将PS-L-Phe修饰电极分别浸入配制的pH=7的10mM L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液中,孵育15min得到。
图2中PS-L-Phe修饰后的电极与L-Glu/D-Glu的结合量不同,导致其峰电流差异明显,说明该修饰电极可以达到较好的手性识别效果。
实施例2
(1)取2.4mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取9.6mg L-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
步骤(2)-步骤(3)同实施例1。
实施例3
(1)取4mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取8mgL-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
步骤(2)-步骤(3)同实施例1。
实施例4
(1)取8mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取4mg L-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
步骤(2)-步骤(3)同实施例1。
实施例5
(1)取9.6mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取2.4mg L-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。步骤(2)-步骤(3)同实施例1。
为了得到手性表面的最佳配比,对手性表面材料作了配比优化,用PS和L-Phe的质量浓度比从1:4到4:1的五种配比的样品,各自负载到电极表面分别与对映体作用后进行DPV测试,以IL/ID的值作图,得到PS和L-Phe的最佳质量浓度比为1:1。
实施例6
(1)取6mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取6mgL-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
(2)取5μL PS-L-Phe溶液滴涂于玻碳电极表面,在红外灯下烘干,在滴涂5μL0.05%的Nafion溶液得到PS-L-Phe修饰电极;
(3)电化学实验采用三电极体系,分别将裸玻碳电极、本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极或与谷氨酸作用后的本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极为工作电极,铂片电极为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,在0.1MK3Fe(CN)6溶液中进行循环伏安扫描,电位范围为-0.2~0.6V。
与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰电极是在室温下将PS-L-Phe修饰电极分别浸入配制的pH=7的10mM L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液中,孵育15min得到。
图3通过裸玻电极与负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极CV峰电流的差异,说明了手性表面材料成功负载到玻碳电极表面,通过负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极分别与L-Glu与D-Glu作用后各自的CV峰电流的差异说明了制备的该修饰电极可以进行有效的手性识别。
实施例7
(1)取6mg聚苯乙烯粉末分散于1ml无水乙醇中,取6mg L-苯丙氨酸溶解于1ml蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS-L-Phe溶液。
(2)取5μL PS-L-Phe溶液滴涂于玻碳电极表面,在红外灯下烘干,在滴涂5μL0.05%的Nafion溶液得到PS-L-Phe修饰电极;
(3)电化学实验采用三电极体系,分别将裸玻碳电极、本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极或与谷氨酸作用后的本发明方法制备的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极为工作电极,铂片电极为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,在0.1MK3Fe(CN)6溶液中进行阻抗测试,EIS的频率范围为10-2-10-5Hz。
与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰电极是在室温下将PS-L-Phe修饰电极分别浸入配制的pH=7的10mM L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液中,孵育15min得到。
图4通过裸玻电极与负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极阻抗值的差异,说明了手性表面材料成功负载到玻碳电极表面,通过负载手性表面材料的玻碳电极分别与L-Glu与D-Glu作用后各自阻抗值的差异说明了制备的该修饰电极可以达到手性识别的目的。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极,其特征在于,所述修饰电极是先制得PS–L-Phe溶液,然后将其滴涂于玻碳电极表面后制得用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极。
2.一种用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法步骤如下:
(1)配制PS-L-Phe溶液,取聚苯乙烯微球分散于无水乙醇中,取L-苯丙氨酸溶解于蒸馏水中,然后将两种溶液混合后超声制得PS–L-Phe溶液;
(2)制备PS-L-Phe修饰的电极,取PS-L-Phe溶液滴涂于电极表面,在红外灯下烘干,然后再滴涂Nafion溶液并烘干,制得PS-L-Phe修饰的电极。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述聚苯乙烯分散液的浓度为6mg/ml,L-苯丙氨酸溶液的浓度为6mg/ml;聚苯乙烯和L-苯丙氨酸的质量比为:1:4-4:1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的聚苯乙烯与L-Phe复合物修饰电极的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述滴涂的PS-L-Phe复合物和0.05%Nafion溶液的体积均为5μL。
5.一种用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的方法,其特征在于,所述方法为:采用三电极体系,分别将裸玻碳电极、如权利要求1所述的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极或与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极为工作电极,铂片电极为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,以铁氰化钾溶液为支持电解质,在三电极体系下于-0.2-0.6v的电位范围内记录差分脉冲伏安曲线。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的方法,其特征在于,所述与谷氨酸作用后的PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极的制备过程为:在室温下将PS-L-Phe修饰玻碳电极分别浸入配制好的L-谷氨酸和D-谷氨酸溶液(含PH=7的0.1M PBS缓冲溶液)中孵育,取出后置于红外灯下烘干,再滴涂适量0.05%的Nafion溶液后烘干得到。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于谷氨酸对映体手性识别的方法,其特征在于,所述PS-L-Phe修饰的电极浸泡在L-/D-谷氨酸溶液中孵育15min,L-/D-谷氨酸溶液为含PH=7的0.1MPBS缓冲溶液;L-/D-谷氨酸溶液用量为10mM。
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