CN114151090B

CN114151090B - Method for disassembling and transporting TBM for two opposite constructions

Info

Publication number: CN114151090B
Application number: CN202111476911.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄江帆; 廖建炜; 彭治元
Original assignee: China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-06
Filing date: 2021-12-06
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-06
Also published as: CN114151090A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs for construction in opposite directions, which comprises the following steps: step 1: determining the disassembly sequence of the two TBMs to obtain a TBM at the first disassembly side and a TBM at the second disassembly side; step 2: determining the specific size of the disassembly chamber; step 3: performing construction of the dismantling cavern, including excavation and support of the dismantling cavern; step 4: installing hoisting equipment in the dismantling hole; step 5: removing transport barriers of a side transport line and adjusting a transport track; step 6: disassembling and transporting the first-disassembled-side TBM; step 7: and selecting a rear dismantling side transportation line and carrying out the dismantling and transportation of the rear dismantling side TBM. The invention avoids the setting of the supporting hole in the traditional method, reduces the construction cost, shortens the construction period, can more rapidly disassemble the TBM, can recycle the disassembled cavity, saves the resources and has high construction efficiency.

Description

Method for disassembling and transporting TBM for two opposite constructions

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs which are oppositely constructed in the same tunnel.

Background

In recent years, the foundation construction scale of China is continuously enlarged, tunnel engineering projects are more and more, and the application of Tunnel Boring Machines (TBM) is more and more widely used. TBM has been developed rapidly over 30 years in China, and the design and manufacturing level and the construction level of TBM are improved comprehensively and mature day by day.

The existing method for detaching TBM after tunneling construction can be divided into two methods of detaching inside a hole and detaching outside the hole according to the detaching position. When the geological condition of the tunnel exit is better, the outer disassembly of the tunnel is usually adopted, and when the geological condition of the tunnel exit is worse, the traffic channel is inconvenient to add, the inner disassembly of the tunnel is usually adopted. In the long tunnel construction, the situation that two TBMs are constructed in opposite directions is often faced, a supporting hole method in an in-hole disassembly method is generally adopted at present, and the supporting hole is greatly influenced by geological conditions, the construction period is long, and the construction cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs for opposite construction, which aims to solve the problems that two TBMs for opposite construction in the same tunnel need to be provided with a support hole in the disassembling process, are greatly influenced by geological conditions, have long construction period and are high in construction cost.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses a method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs in opposite construction, which aims at disassembling and transporting two TBMs in opposite construction in the same tunnel; the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: determining the disassembly sequence of the two TBMs according to engineering geological conditions, equipment conditions and construction progress to obtain a TBM on the first disassembly side and a TBM on the second disassembly side;

step 2: determining the mileage position of the dismantling chamber according to engineering geological conditions, and determining the specific size of the dismantling chamber according to the sizes of the two TBMs;

step 3: performing construction of the dismantling cavern, including excavation and support of the dismantling cavern;

step 4: after the step 3 is completed, the hoisting equipment is installed in the disassembly hole;

step 5: removing transport barriers of a side transport line and adjusting a transport track;

step 6: disassembling and transporting the first-disassembled-side TBM;

step 7: and selecting a rear dismantling side transportation line and carrying out the dismantling and transportation of the rear dismantling side TBM.

Further, the length of the disassembly chamber is 30-50 m, and the height of the disassembly chamber is larger than the maximum height required by hoisting.

Further, in the step 3, the disassembly chamber comprises an expanding section and a blasting section, and the step 3 comprises the following steps:

step 3.1: tunneling the TBM on the first detaching side to a stop point, and then withdrawing for 5-10 m to leave the construction space of the expanding and digging section;

step 3.2: carrying out excavation and supporting of the expanded excavation section, wherein dregs generated by excavation firstly enter a cutter head and then are conveyed out of a hole through a conveying device;

step 3.3: and excavating and supporting the drilling and blasting section, wherein dregs generated by excavation firstly enter a cutter head and then are conveyed to the outside of the hole through a conveying device.

Further, the conveying device in the step 3.2 and the step 3.3 is a continuous belt conveyor or a mine car.

Further, the hoisting equipment in the step 4 is selected according to the types of the two TBMs, the large TBM is selected as a row hoisting crane, and the small TBM is selected as an anchoring hanging point on the top of the hole of the dismantling chamber.

Further, the step 3 and the step 5 can be performed simultaneously, and the step 4 and the step 5 can be performed simultaneously.

Further, the first-dismantling side conveying route is arranged on one side of the first-dismantling side TBM, and the first-dismantling side conveying track is arranged in parallel with the central axis of the tunnel.

Further, the step 6 includes the steps of:

step 6.1: carrying out the disassembly and transportation of the TBM at the side before the disassembly and the matching;

step 6.2: and (5) disassembling and transporting the TBM host at the first disassembly side.

Further, the step 7 further includes the following steps:

step 7.1: selecting a first-dismantling side transportation line to transport the rear-dismantling side TBM;

step 7.2: the rear disassembly side TBM enters the disassembly chamber;

step 7.3: the rear disassembly side TBM host is disassembled and transported;

step 7.4: carrying out the disassembly and transportation of the rear side TBM in a matched manner, or directly carrying out the integral transportation of the rear side TBM in a matched manner without disassembly;

the step 7 is either that of the above-mentioned,

step 7.1: selecting a transport line on one side of the rear dismantling side TBM as a rear dismantling side transport line;

step 7.2: the rear disassembly side TBM enters a disassembly area;

step 7.3: removing the transportation obstacle of the rear disassembly side transportation line and adjusting the transportation track;

step 7.5: and (5) disassembling and transporting the rear disassembly side TBM.

Further, the running speed of the transport locomotive for transporting the TBM is kept within 15 km/h.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the invention avoids the setting of the support hole in the traditional method, reduces the engineering cost, shortens the construction period and can more rapidly disassemble and transport two TBMs.

Secondly, the two TBMs can be disassembled only by arranging one disassembly chamber, the disassembly chambers are reused, the cost investment is reduced, and the resources are saved.

Thirdly, the original TBM is utilized for slag discharge in the excavation and slag discharge of the disassembly chamber, and the same transportation line can be utilized for the transportation after the disassembly of the two TBMs, so that the workload of eliminating transportation barriers is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is remarkably improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two TBMs and a removal chamber according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a removal location and a transportation route of a pre-removal TBM according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rear removable TBM removal location and a transportation route according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-first removing side TBM; 11-first removing a side TBM host; 12-first removing the side TBM and then matching; 2-post-disassembly side TBM; 21-rear-removable side TBM host; 22-rear side TBM rear matching; 3-dismantling the cavern; 31-a shutdown position; a 32-retracted position; 4-first detaching the side transportation line; 51-rear side transport line (one); and 52, disassembling the side conveying line (II).

Detailed Description

The invention is further described by means of specific embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs for construction in opposite directions, the method comprising the steps of:

step 1: and determining the disassembly sequence of the two TBMs according to engineering geological conditions, equipment conditions and construction progress to obtain a TBM1 at the first disassembly side and a TBM2 at the second disassembly side. Fig. 2 shows the direction of the first-detachable side TBM1, the second-detachable side TBM2 and the detachable chamber 3 before detachment, in which the first-detachable side TBM1 is tunneled in the X direction, the second-detachable side TBM2 is tunneled in the-X direction, and the first-detachable side TBM1 and the second-detachable side TBM2 are constructed in opposite directions.

Step 2: and determining the mileage position of the disassembly chamber 3 according to engineering geological conditions, engineering cost and transportation convenience, and determining the specific size of the disassembly chamber 3 according to the sizes of the two TBMs. The mileage azimuth of the disassembly chamber 3 meets the following requirements: (1) The geological conditions are convenient for disassembling the excavation construction of the cavern 3 and meet the strength requirement in the construction process; (2) The whole project progress requirement is met to the maximum extent, and the construction period is ensured; (3) consider the equipment status of two TBMs constructed in opposite directions.

Step 3: carrying out construction of the dismantling cavern 3, including excavation and support of the dismantling cavern 3;

step 4: after the step 3 is completed, the hoisting equipment is installed in the disassembly chamber 3.

Step 5: the transport obstacle of the side transport route 4 is removed and the transport track is adjusted.

Step 6: disassembling and transporting the side TBM1;

step 7: and selecting a rear disassembly side transportation line and disassembling and transporting the rear disassembly side TBM2. The rear dismantling side transportation line has two options, one is the rear dismantling side transportation line (I) 51 which is the first dismantling side transportation line 4, and the other is the rear dismantling side transportation line (II) 52 which is the transportation line in the self tunneling process of the rear dismantling side TBM2.

In this embodiment, the length of the dismounting chamber 3 is 30m, 40m or 50m, and the height of the dismounting chamber 3 is larger than the maximum height required for hoisting. In other embodiments, the length of the removal chamber 3 is any value from 30m to 50 m.

In this embodiment, in the step 3, the disassembly of the cavity 3 includes an expanding section and a blasting section, and the step 3 includes the following steps:

step 3.1: the side TBM1 is firstly disassembled and tunneled to a stop position 31, then is withdrawn for 10m, and reaches a withdrawal position 32, so that the construction space of the expansion excavation section is reserved, and in other embodiments, the withdrawal distance is any value from 5m to 10 m.

Step 3.2: carrying out excavation and support of the expanded excavation section, and conveying dregs generated by excavation out of the hole through a conveying device after entering a cutter head;

step 3.3: and (3) excavating and supporting the drilling and blasting section, wherein dregs generated by excavation firstly enter a cutter head and then are conveyed to the outside of the hole through a conveying device.

In this embodiment, the conveying devices in step 3.2 and step 3.3 are continuous belt conveyors, and in other embodiments, mine cars may be used as the conveying devices.

In this embodiment, the hoisting device in step 4 selects two TBMs according to the model numbers of the two TBMs, the large TBM selects a row hoisting crane, and the small TBM selects an anchoring hanging point to be applied to the roof of the dismantling chamber 3.

In this embodiment, step 3 and step 5 can be performed simultaneously, and step 4 and step 5 can be performed simultaneously.

In this embodiment, the first-dismantling-side transport route is set on the first-dismantling-side TBM1 side, and the first-dismantling-side transport track is parallel to the central axis of the tunnel.

In this embodiment, step 6 includes the following steps:

step 6.1: the side TBM is detached firstly and then the matched TBM 12 is detached and transported;

in other embodiments, the post-dismantling TBM on the first side and the kit 12 itself may be transported outside the tunnel along the transport rail on the first-dismantling TBM1 without dismantling the same.

Step 6.2: the disassembly and transportation of the first disassembly side TBM host 11 are performed.

In this embodiment, step 7 further includes the following steps:

step 7.1: selecting a side-dismantling transport line 4 for transport and then side-dismantling TBM2;

step 7.2: the rear disassembly side TBM2 enters a disassembly chamber 3;

step 7.3: the rear disassembly side TBM host 21 is disassembled and transported;

step 7.4: the disassembly and transportation of the rear support 22 of the rear disassembly side TBM are carried out, or the whole transportation of the rear support 22 of the rear disassembly side TBM is directly carried out without disassembly;

according to the scheme, only one disassembly chamber 3 is required to be arranged, two TBMs can be disassembled, the disassembly chamber 3 is repeatedly utilized, the cost input is reduced, and resources are saved.

In the step 7, either the step is that,

step 7.1: selecting a transport line on one side of the rear dismantling side TBM2 as a rear dismantling side transport line;

step 7.2: the rear disassembly side TBM2 enters a disassembly area;

step 7.5: the rear-side TBM host 21 is disassembled and transported.

In the embodiment, the running speed of the transport locomotive for transporting the TBM is kept within 15km/h, mainly to ensure the safety of transportation and avoid the sliding of transport components.

Taking mountain tunnel engineering as an example, two open TBMs with diameters of 7.9m are adopted for opposite construction at a certain section of the tunnel, the TBMs are conveyed to an assembly cavity through branch holes, tunneling is carried out towards an inlet direction after assembly and debugging in the cavity are completed, and slag is discharged by adopting a branch hole fixed belt conveyor and a main hole continuous belt conveyor. The TBM construction section is positioned in mountain areas of mountain ridge height and the topography fluctuates. The elevation range is 1070-2150 m, and the maximum burial depth of the cavity is about 1900m.

By the year 2020, two TBMs and engineering profiles were as follows:

(1) Selected chamber mileage dismantling position and TBM stopping method

By combining factors such as engineering contract, construction progress, TBM construction efficiency and geology, the construction progress and efficiency of the 1#TBM are obviously higher than those of the 2#TBM, the conditions of 2 TBM equipment are not greatly different, the urgency of construction period is considered, the 1#TBM is researched and determined to finish a contract section, then tunneling is continued for 2km for stopping, and a construction disassembly chamber is constructed, namely, the 1#TBM is a side TBM which is detached firstly, and the chamber is disassembled by the side construction;

(2) Demolition chamber construction

The TBM maximum size and maximum weight component is a cutter head, the TBM with the design length of 40m and the height of 12m and 1#is disassembled to meet the hoisting requirement, the task of the receiving section (2 km) is withdrawn for 6m, and the construction and the disassembly of the chamber are started.

Because the tail part of the TBM is provided with a continuous belt, an air duct, a water pipe and a cable, a part of steel arch is arranged at the rear part of the shield, a support (3 m each section) of 2 sections of continuous belts are required to be dismantled before the TBM is retracted, 4 steel arch frames are dismantled, anchor spraying reinforcement is carried out on the dismantled steel arch frame area, special persons are arranged in the TBM retraction process of the air duct to be recycled to the air storage duct, and the water pipe and the cable are recycled through a reel in the TBM retraction process.

The range of 6m at the front end of the cutterhead after the TBM with the 1# is retracted adopts drilling, blasting and expanding excavation, and slag is discharged into the cutterhead by adopting manual dumping due to the close proximity of the cutterhead; and the other areas (34 m) of the disassembly cavity are excavated by drilling and blasting, and a simple belt is arranged in front of the cutterhead to improve the slag discharging efficiency. The dregs entering the cutterhead are conveyed out of the hole through a continuous belt conveyor.

(3) Install of lifting equipment for detaching chamber

After the disassembly of the cavity is completed, hoisting equipment is installed, and hoisting equipment model selection and checking calculation are performed first;

a host part: the maximum weight component is a cutter head, the cutter head comprises 168 tons of cutter, the lifting performance of lifting equipment and the length of a steel wire rope are considered, the safety of lifting operation is guaranteed, 2 main lifting hooks with rated lifting capacity of 80 tons are selected, 2 auxiliary lifting hooks with rated lifting capacity of 10 tons are added, and the dead weights of the main lifting hooks, the rope and the like are about 4.5 tons. Meets the safety requirement.

Rear mating part: the total length of the rear support is 152m, the total weight of the rear support is eight sections of trolleys, the whole disassembly is not carried out, and the detached parts and the tunnel wall interference equipment are transported out through the existing trolley rails.

(4) Removing transport line obstructions

Arranging special persons to remove rear transportation barriers in the process of disassembling the lifting equipment of the grotto, wherein the table 1 is shown;

table 1 list of exclusion of transport disorders

After the transportation obstacle is removed, the rail is checked, so that the rail is smooth and straight, and the transportation process is prevented from falling.

(5) 1#TBM detach

After the hoisting equipment in the disassembly chamber is installed, the 1#TBM steps to a disassembly area, the cutter disc leaves a 10m distance from the end part of the disassembly hole, and the disassembly equipment is placed.

The main machine part is hoisted and disassembled by a traveling crane and mainly comprises a main beam, a rear support, supporting shoes, a main driving motor, a main driving gearbox, a shield, a main bearing, a cutter head and the like; the number of the matched dismantling devices is small.

(6) 1#TBM transport

The wheels of the rear matched trolley are additionally provided with anti-falling clamping plates, and the anti-falling clamping plates are directly pulled by a locomotive to be transported out of the tunnel through the original trolley track; the main machine part is disassembled and transported immediately, and is hoisted outside the transport hole of the plate vehicle by the traveling crane.

Special persons are arranged to follow the vehicle (large-sized and heavy components) in the transportation process, and the running speed of the locomotive is kept within 15 km/h.

(7) 2#TBM (rear detachment side TBM) entering detachment zone

And (3) normally tunneling the 2#TBM in the 1#TBM disassembling process, after the 1#TBM is disassembled, directly entering the disassembling hole area by the 2#TBM, and stopping the cutter disc from the cutter disc to the 10m position at the end of the disassembling hole as the 1#TBM.

(8) Dismounting and transporting 2#TBM

The disassembly of the 2#TBM is the same as the disassembly of the 1#TBM, and the transportation is smooth based on the 1#TBM, so that the 2#TBM is selected to be transported out of the 1#TBM construction area, the 2#TBM is opposite to the 1#TBM in direction, and the host part is transported firstly and then the trolley is matched.

The invention has the following positive technical effects:

(1) The method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs in opposite directions of the same tunnel without supporting holes is suitable for disassembling and transporting 2 TBMs in opposite directions of the same tunnel under the condition of no supporting holes. Firstly, the invention provides a method for disassembling and transporting the tunnel without the support, which avoids higher support cost and solves the problems that the support of mountain tunnels with severe environments is difficult or even impossible to construct.

(2) According to the invention, after the mileage position of the dismantling chamber and the dismantling sequence of the two TBMs are selected, 2 TBMs which are constructed in opposite directions can be realized, the TBM at the rear dismantling side is normally tunneled, and the chamber is dismantled by constructing the TBM at the first dismantling side, so that the engineering progress is greatly accelerated; and 2 TBMs share the same disassembly chamber for disassembly, so that repeated construction of the disassembly chamber is avoided, and cost investment of the disassembly chamber is reduced; in the disassembly process, the host and the rear support can be synchronously disassembled, so that the TBM disassembly progress is accelerated, and the construction period is saved.

(3) The second step of the invention is used for dismantling the construction of the cavity, the original TBM is used for slag tapping in the process of excavating and deslagging of the cavity, the construction efficiency of the cavity is greatly improved, and the problems of long slag tapping distance, low efficiency and the like in the traditional construction of the cavity are solved.

(4) In the step eight, the rear disassembly side TBM prefers the second transportation route, and the transportation barrier is cleared by the front disassembly side TBM, so that the workload of eliminating the transportation barrier by the rear disassembly side TBM is avoided, the transportation efficiency can be greatly improved, and the transportation risk is reduced.

Claims

1. The method aims at the disassembly and transportation of two TBMs which are oppositely constructed in the same tunnel; characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

step 3: performing construction of the dismantling cavern, including excavation and support of the dismantling cavern; in the step 3, the disassembly chamber comprises an expanding section and a blasting section, and the step 3 comprises the following steps:

step 3.3: carrying out excavation and supporting of the blasting section, wherein dregs generated by excavation firstly enter a cutter head and then are conveyed out of a hole through a conveying device;

step 6: disassembling and transporting the first-disassembled-side TBM;

step 7: selecting a rear dismantling side transportation line and dismantling and transporting the rear dismantling side TBM; the step 7 further comprises the following steps:

step 7.2: the rear disassembly side TBM enters the disassembly chamber;

step 7.3: the rear disassembly side TBM host is disassembled and transported;

step 7.4: and carrying out the disassembly and transportation of the rear disassembly side TBM in a matched manner, or directly carrying out the integral transportation of the rear disassembly side TBM in a matched manner without disassembly.

2. The method for dismantling and transporting two TBMs constructed in opposite directions according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the dismantling chamber is 30-50 m, and the height of the dismantling chamber is greater than the maximum height required for hoisting.

3. The method of dismantling and transporting two TBMs for construction in opposite directions as claimed in claim 1, wherein said transporting means in said step 3.2 and said step 3.3 are continuous belt conveyors or mine cars.

4. The method for disassembling and transporting two TBMs constructed in opposite directions according to claim 1, wherein the hoisting device in step 4 selects a row hoisting crane according to the model of the two TBMs, and a small TBM selects an anchoring hoisting point at the top of the disassembled tunnel.

5. The method of disassembly and transportation of two TBMs for construction in opposition according to claim 1, wherein said step 3 and said step 5 can be performed simultaneously, and said step 4 and said step 5 can be performed simultaneously.

6. The method of disassembly and transportation of two TBMs for construction in opposition according to claim 1, wherein the first disassembly side transportation route is provided on the first disassembly side TBM side.

7. The method of disassembly and transportation of two TBMs for construction in opposition according to claim 1, characterized in that said step 6 comprises the steps of:

8. The method of dismantling and transporting two TBMs for construction in opposition according to claim 1, characterized in that the running speed of the transport locomotive transporting the TBMs is kept within 15 km/h.