CN113605905B - Construction method for nondestructive disassembly of shield machine in tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method for nondestructive disassembly of shield machine in tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113605905B CN113605905B CN202111009760.5A CN202111009760A CN113605905B CN 113605905 B CN113605905 B CN 113605905B CN 202111009760 A CN202111009760 A CN 202111009760A CN 113605905 B CN113605905 B CN 113605905B
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- shield
- block
- disassembled
- shield body
- tail
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
- B66C1/14—Slings with hooks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
- B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for nondestructive disassembly of a shield machine in a cavity, which relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, and comprises the steps of designing an enlarged cavity, after arranging a disassembly device and a receiving device in the enlarged cavity, disassembling cutter discs of the shield machine in blocks, and then transporting the disassembled cutter discs out of a drilling and blasting tunnel in blocks; disassembling the rear support of the shield machine, and dragging the rear support of the disassembled shield machine to an originating well for hoisting and hole-leaving; then after the shield body of the shield machine is fixed on the receiving frame, the split hoisting and dismantling are carried out by utilizing a dismantling device in the expansion hole, and the split of the dismantled shield body is carried out from the drilling and blasting tunnel; after the whole shield tail moves forwards to be fixed on the receiving frame, the split hoisting disassembly is carried out by utilizing the in-hole disassembly device, and the disassembled shield tail is transported out of the drilling and blasting tunnel. The nondestructive disassembly in the shield machine hole is realized, the shield does not need to be constructed to reach the working well, the manpower and material resources are saved, and the subsequent assembly is convenient and rapid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine construction, in particular to a method for constructing a tunnel chamber nondestructive disassembly shield tunneling machine.
Background
Along with the continuous development of modern cities in China, the river surge treatment force is increased, the road traffic is continuously improved, the underground tunnel construction engineering is increasing year by year, more and more large-diameter shield machines are put into urban traffic construction and use, and the dismantling work after the shield machines arrive also becomes an important ring in the whole engineering plan. Generally, the construction of a shield method needs to be performed in advance to form a shield starting working well and a shield receiving working well, each accessory of a shield machine is hoisted into the shield starting working well to be assembled, debugged and started, the shield machine is utilized to excavate soil bodies and synchronously assemble segments to form tunnels, and finally the shield machine enters the shield receiving working well to disassemble and hoist each accessory one by one. However, under severe conditions such as ultra-large buried mountain areas and deep sea areas, the condition that a shield receiving working well is applied to a shield machine to receive and remove a transportation hole is not provided, and as the shield machine which does not always walk back from a formed tunnel to a shield starting working well for disassembling, hoisting and discharging the well, the shield machine needs to be disassembled and transported for discharging the hole under the condition that the shield receiving working well is not arranged, and how to treat the problem of disassembling and discharging the hole of the shield under the condition becomes the urgent need to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the above technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a construction method for nondestructive disassembly of a shield machine in a cavity, which can perform nondestructive disassembly and transportation of the shield machine under the condition that a shield receiving working well is not arranged, effectively eliminates the risk of the shield machine disassembly process, and improves the machine disassembly efficiency.
The construction method for the chamber nondestructive disassembly shield machine provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: the method comprises the steps of constructing a drilling and blasting tunnel, wherein an enlarged cavity is arranged at the joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the construction method of a shield tunnel;
step S2: the shield machine dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and dismantling gantry cranes, wherein the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, the dismantling gantry cranes are arranged on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry cranes can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry cranes to reciprocate linearly;
step S3: after the shield machine reaches the enlarged cavity, arranging a receiving device for receiving the shield machine in the enlarged cavity at a position close to the shield tunnel, wherein the receiving device comprises a receiving frame capable of translating towards the drilling and blasting tunnel;
step S4: continuously pushing the shield machine until the receiving frame supports the shield machine, and starting to disassemble and hole the shield machine after the shield machine is stopped;
step S4.1: the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is disassembled in a blocking mode and lifted, and when the cutter head is disassembled in a blocking mode, the cutter head is disassembled in an auxiliary mode through the disassembling gantry crane;
step S4.2: the shield body of the shield machine is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine, and is fixed behind the receiving frame, and is split and lifted through the dismantling device;
step S4.3: the assembled duct piece is stretched by a jack of the shield machine so as to separate the shield tail from the duct piece, the shield tail is fixed with the receiving frame after being pushed to the receiving frame, and the shield tail is disassembled in blocks and lifted by the dismantling device;
step S4.4: and disassembling the rear support of the shield machine, and pulling the disassembled rear support of the shield machine to an originating well for hoisting and hole-exiting.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, in step S3, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are provided at a position of the enlarged cavity near the shield tunnel, the receiving device further includes a translational beam, the translational beam is mounted on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame is movable on the receiving platform, and is guided to the adjusting pit by the translational beam.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of jacking towers, two traveling steel plates and traveling oil cylinders, wherein the two traveling steel plates are distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, at least two jacking towers are movably connected to each traveling steel plate, the disassembling gantry crane is erected on the jacking towers, the disassembling gantry crane is driven by the jacking towers to lift up and down, and the jacking towers are driven by the traveling oil cylinders to slide on the traveling steel plates.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the disassembly gantry crane comprises two first cross beams and two second cross beams, the two first cross beams are respectively erected on the jacking towers on two sides of the enlarged cavity, and the second cross beams are erected on the first cross beams, so that the disassembly gantry crane is formed.
As a further improvement of the above solution, in step S4.1, the cutterhead is divided into five parts, namely a lower cutter block, an upper cutter block, a left cutter block, a right cutter block and a middle cutter block, the middle cutter block is located in the middle of the cutterhead, the lower cutter block, the upper cutter block, the left cutter block and the right cutter block are enclosed on the outer edge of the middle cutter block, so as to form the cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is disassembled by the edge blocks for lifting, and the step of disassembling the cutterhead by the edge blocks includes: firstly cutting and disassembling the lower cutter block positioned at the bottom of the cutter disc, then sequentially turning the upper cutter block, the left cutter block and the right cutter block to the bottom of the cutter disc for cutting and disassembling one by one, and finally cutting and disassembling the middle cutter block.
As a further improvement of the scheme, a first lifting hook is arranged on the second cross beam, when each cutter block on the cutter disc is cut and disassembled, the first lifting hook is required to move to the cutter disc to hook and fix the part to be cut and disassembled, after the cutting and disassembling are completed, the part to be cut and disassembled is lifted to a flat car in the expansion cavity through the first lifting hook, and all parts of the cutter disc are transported out of the cavity from the tunnel drilling and explosion position through the flat car.
In step S4.3, the shield body is divided into five parts, namely an upper shield body block, a left shield body block, a right shield body block, a middle shield body block and a lower shield body block, the middle shield body block is located in the middle of the shield body, and the upper shield body block, the left shield body block, the lower shield body block and the right shield body block are sequentially surrounded in the middle shield body block so as to form the shield body, wherein after the shield body is separated from the shield tail, the lower shield body block is welded and fixed with the receiving frame, the receiving frame moves above the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translational beam, and the split of the shield body can be performed after the distance between the receiving frame and the height of the adjusting pit is adjusted.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the step of dividing the shield body includes:
step S4.2.1: when the shield upper block is disassembled and lifted, cantilever beams are welded on two sides of the shield upper block, the cantilever beams extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavity until being erected on the first cross beam, after the shield upper block is disassembled and disconnected from the rest of the shield body, the shield upper block is transported to a transport platform of the enlarged cavity through the cooperation of the jacking tower and the traveling cylinder, then the shield upper block is rotated for 90 degrees through a second lifting hook arranged on the second cross beam, and after the rotation is completed, the shield upper block is loaded into a flat car and transported out of the drilled and exploded tunnel;
step S4.2.2: the left shield body block, the right shield body block, the middle shield body block and the lower shield body block are sequentially disassembled, lifting lugs are welded on the remaining parts of the shield body respectively when the remaining parts of the shield body are sequentially disassembled, the first lifting hooks or the second lifting hooks are connected with the lifting lugs through steel wire ropes, and then the disassembled remaining parts of the shield body are conveyed to the upper part of a conveying platform of an enlarged cavity under the action of a driving mechanism, and after the rotation of 90 degrees, the lifting lugs are loaded into a flat car and sequentially conveyed out of the hole.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely an upper shield tail block, a left shield tail block, a right shield tail block and a lower shield tail block, wherein the upper shield tail block, the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block jointly enclose into a hollow shield tail, the shield tail is separated from the duct piece and pushed to the receiving frame, the lower shield tail block is fixed with the receiving frame, the receiving frame moves to the upper side of the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam, and the receiving frame can be disassembled in blocks after being separated from the adjusting pit in height.
As a further improvement of the above solution, in step S4.4, the step of splitting the shield tail in blocks includes:
step S4.3.1: when the shield tail upper block is disassembled and lifted, the cantilever beams are welded on two sides of the shield tail upper block, extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavity until being erected on the first cross beam, after the connection and disconnection of the shield tail upper block and the rest part of the shield tail are disassembled, the shield body upper block is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavity through the cooperation of the jacking tower and the traveling cylinder, the shield tail upper block is rotated for 90 degrees through the second lifting hook, and the shield tail upper block is loaded into a flat car and conveyed out of a hole from a drilling and blasting tunnel after the rotation is completed;
step S4.3.2: the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block are disassembled in sequence, lifting lugs are welded on the remaining parts of the shield tail respectively when the remaining parts of the shield tail are disassembled in sequence, the second lifting hooks are connected with the lifting lugs through steel wire ropes, then the disassembled remaining parts of the shield tail are carried to the upper part of a transportation platform of an enlarged grotto under the action of a driving mechanism, and after the transportation platform is rotated by 90 degrees, the transportation platform is loaded into a flat car and transported out of a hole in sequence.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: in the technical scheme, an enlarged cavity is designed at the joint of the shield tunnel and the drilling and blasting tunnel (the size of the enlarged cavity is slightly larger than the section of the tunnel), after a dismantling device and a receiving device are arranged in the enlarged cavity, the cutter head of the shield machine is disassembled in blocks, and then the disassembled cutter head blocks are transported out of the drilling and blasting tunnel; disassembling the rear support of the shield machine, and dragging the rear support of the disassembled shield machine to an originating well for hoisting and hole-leaving; then, after the shield body of the shield machine is fixed on the receiving frame, carrying out block disassembly, hoisting and dismantling by using a dismantling device in the enlarged tunnel, and carrying out block disassembly of the disassembled shield body out of the drilling and blasting tunnel; after the whole shield tail moves forwards to be fixed on the receiving frame, the shield tail is disassembled in blocks, the in-hole disassembling device is utilized for hoisting and disassembling, the disassembled shield tail is transported out of the drilling and blasting tunnel, nondestructive disassembling in the shield machine hole can be achieved, the shield is not required to be constructed, the shield is constructed to reach a working well, the shield is disassembled and transported out of the hole, the purpose of saving manpower and material resources is achieved, and the shield blocks disassembled by the method can be assembled quickly when being used next time, and cannot influence subsequent use. The construction method of the in-tunnel nondestructive disassembly shield machine can disassemble and transport the shield machine out of the tunnel under the condition that a shield receiving working well is not arranged, and under the condition that all shield mechanical equipment is required to be disassembled and transported in the tunnel, the self characteristics of the shield machine and the space conditions in the tunnel are combined, and the risk of the process of disassembling the shield machine can be effectively eliminated by formulating a reasonable in-tunnel disassembly and decomposition method of the shield machine, so that the disassembly efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a layout of an enlarged cavity and a receiving device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of a demolition arrangement in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a construction for removing cutterhead in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a block disassembly of a cutterhead in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic construction diagram of a cutterhead removal in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a construction for removing a shield according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic construction view of the shield body removed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a third construction schematic diagram of the shield removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a construction diagram IV of the removal of the shield according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of construction for removing the shield according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
The construction method of the nondestructive disassembly shield machine for the tunnel chamber comprises the following steps:
step S1: as shown in figure 1, the drilling and blasting tunnel is constructed, an enlarged cavity is arranged at the joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the construction method of the shield tunnel, the length of the enlarged cavity is 23 m, the width of the enlarged cavity is 11 m, and the section of the enlarged cavity is slightly larger than the section of the shield tunnel, so that an operable space exists after the shield machine reaches the enlarged tunnel.
Step S2: after the enlarged cavity is excavated, a dismantling device for dismantling the shield machine 400 is arranged in the enlarged cavity, the dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and dismantling gantry cranes, the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, the dismantling gantry cranes are arranged on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry cranes can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry cranes to reciprocate linearly. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, it can be seen that the driving mechanism includes a plurality of jacking towers 220, two traveling steel plates 210 and traveling cylinders, the two traveling steel plates 210 are distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, at least two jacking towers 220 are movably connected to each traveling steel plate 210, jacking rods capable of lifting up and down are arranged on the jacking towers 220, disassembling gantry cranes are fixed on the jacking towers 220, specifically, the jacking towers 220 are used for driving the disassembling gantry cranes to lift up and down, the traveling steel plates 210 are driven by the traveling cylinders to slide, and therefore the disassembling gantry cranes move from one end of the enlarged cavity to the other end. Further, as can be understood by referring to fig. 3 and 5, the disassembling gantry comprises two first beams 230 and two second beams 240, the two first beams 230 are respectively erected on the jacking towers 220 at two sides of the enlarged cavity, and the second beams 240 are erected on the first beams 230, thereby forming the disassembling gantry.
Step S3: after the shield machine 400 reaches the enlarged cavity, the crushed soil in the enlarged cavity is cleaned, a receiving device for receiving the shield machine 400 is arranged in the enlarged cavity and close to the shield tunnel, the receiving device comprises a receiving frame 13 capable of translating towards the drilling and blasting tunnel, specifically, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are arranged in the enlarged cavity and close to the shield tunnel, the receiving device further comprises a translation beam 120, the translation beam 120 is arranged on the receiving platform, the receiving frame 130 can move on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame 130 is guided to the adjusting pit through the translation beam 120. And the adjusting pit is internally provided with a buttress 110, an adjusting steel plate is paved on the buttress 110, and the translational beam is positioned on the adjusting steel plate.
Step S4: when the alignment is ready, the shield machine 400 continues to advance until the receiving rack 130 supports the shield machine 400, and after the shield machine 400 is stopped, the shield machine 400 starts to disassemble and exit, wherein the shield machine 400 disassembles and exits the hole, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S4.1: when the cutterhead 410 of the shield machine 400 is disassembled in blocks and lifted, the cutterhead 410 is disassembled in an auxiliary manner by a disassembling gantry crane, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the cutterhead 410 is divided into five parts of a lower cutter block 411, an upper cutter block 412, a left cutter block 413, a right cutter block 414 and a middle cutter block 415, the middle cutter block 415 is positioned in the middle of the cutterhead 410, the lower cutter block 411, the upper cutter block 412, the left cutter block 413 and the right cutter block 414 are enclosed on the outer edge of the middle cutter block 415, so that the cutterhead 410 is formed, wherein the step of disassembling the cutterhead 410 in blocks comprises the following steps: the lower cutter block 411 positioned at the bottom of the cutter disc 410 is firstly cut and disassembled, then the upper cutter block 412, the left cutter block 413 and the right cutter block 414 are sequentially turned to the bottom of the cutter disc 410 for cutting and disassembling one by one, and finally the middle cutter block 415 is cut and disassembled. The lifting tower 220 is used for matching and disassembling the door crane to assist in bearing force to hang the part to be cut of the cutter disc 410, the cutter disc 410 is sequentially cut and disassembled, the cutter disc 410 is divided into 5 blocks, wherein the number of the side blocks is 4, the number of the center block is 1, in order to prevent deflection of the cutter disc 410 when the cutter disc is disassembled in a dividing manner, the cutting sequence is symmetrically cut, the cutting is firstly started from the side block positioned at the bottom, the side block positioned at the opposite side is rotated to the bottom after the cutting of the first side block is finished, and then the cutting of the remaining two side blocks is performed. It should be noted that, when the first hooks 250 are disposed on the second cross member 240 and each cutter block on the cutter disc 410 is cut and disassembled, the first hooks 250 need to be moved to the cutter disc 410 to hook and fix the portion to be cut and disassembled, after the cutting and disassembling are completed, the cut and disassembled portion is lifted to the flatbed 300 in the enlarged cavity by the first hooks 250, and each portion of the cutter disc 410 is transported out of the hole from the tunnel by the flatbed 300.
Step S4.2: the shield body 420 of the shield machine 400 is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine 400, the shield body 420 is fixed on the receiving frame 130, the shield body 420 is disassembled and lifted in a blocking manner through the disassembling device, and the disassembling and conveying of the shield machine 400 can be synchronously performed with the disassembling and conveying of the shield body 420, so that the construction period can be greatly shortened. Specifically, the shield body 420 is divided into five parts, namely an upper shield body block 421, a left shield body block 422, a right shield body block 423, a middle shield body block 424 and a lower shield body block 425, wherein the middle shield body block 424 is positioned in the middle of the shield body 420, and the upper shield body block 421, the left shield body block 422, the lower shield body block 425 and the right shield body block 423 are sequentially arranged around the middle shield body block 424 to form the shield body 420, wherein after the shield body 420 is separated from the shield tail, the lower shield body block 425 is welded and fixed with a receiving frame, the receiving frame 130 moves above the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam 120, and the receiving frame 130 can be disassembled in a blocking manner after the height of the adjusting pit is adjusted, wherein the load is removed by lifting the receiving frame 130 by a jack so as to easily extract an adjusting steel plate on the support pier 110, thereby reducing the relative distance between the receiving frame and the bottom of the adjusting pit and facilitating the subsequent block disassembly of the shield body 420.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 10, the step of splitting the shield body 420 includes:
step S4.2.1: when the upper shield block 421 is disassembled and lifted, since the distance between the enlarged tunnel and the upper shield block 420 is too short, cantilever beams 270 are required to be welded at two sides of the upper shield block 421, the cantilever beams 270 extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavity until being erected on the first cross beam 230, after the upper shield block 421 and the rest of the upper shield block 420 are disassembled and disconnected, the upper shield block 421 is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavity through the cooperation of the lifting tower 220 and the traveling cylinder, the upper shield block 421 is rotated by 90 degrees through a second lifting hook 260 arranged on the second cross beam 240, the upper shield block 421 is loaded into the flat car 300 after the rotation is completed and conveyed out of the drilled and exploded tunnel, the upper shield block 421 is rotated by 90 m, the purpose of the rotation of the upper shield block 421 is that the drilled and exploded tunnel has a hole diameter of only 8m, and the width of each sub-block of the upper shield block 420 is 8.5m, but the length is 6m, and the upper shield block 421 can be conveyed out of the drilled and exploded tunnel by 90 degrees.
Step S4.2.2: the left shield block 422, the right shield block 423, the middle shield block 424 and the lower shield block 425 are disassembled sequentially, and as the upper shield block 421 is disassembled, the top space of the enlarged cavity is sufficient, so that a cantilever beam is not required to be additionally arranged, the second lifting hooks 260 on the second beam 240 can be directly used for assisting in disassembly, lifting lugs are respectively welded on the remaining parts of the shield body 420 when the remaining parts of the shield body 420 are disassembled sequentially, the second lifting hooks 260 are connected with the lifting lugs through steel wires, and then the disassembled remaining parts of the shield body 420 are conveyed to the upper part of a conveying platform of the enlarged cavity under the action of a driving mechanism, and are arranged in the flat car 300 and conveyed out of the cavity sequentially after being rotated for 90 degrees.
Step S4.3: the assembled duct piece is stretched by the jack of the shield machine 400, so that the shield tail is separated from the duct piece, and is fixed with the receiving frame 130 after being pushed to the receiving frame 130, and is disassembled and lifted in a blocking manner by the dismantling device. The drawing does not show a schematic drawing of disassembly of the shield tail, the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely an upper shield tail block, a left shield tail block, a right shield tail block and a lower shield tail block, which are different from the shield body 420, and the upper shield tail block, the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block jointly enclose a hollow shield tail, wherein the shield tail is separated from a segment and pushed to the receiving frame 130, the lower shield tail block is fixed with the receiving frame 130, the receiving frame 130 moves above an adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam 120, the split disassembly of the shield tail can be carried out after the height of the adjusting pit is adjusted by the receiving frame 130, the split disassembly of the shield tail is basically consistent with the split disassembly of the shield body 420, namely the upper block is disassembled firstly, then the left block and the right block are the lower block finally.
Specifically, the step of splitting the shield tail in blocks comprises the following steps:
step S4.3.1: when the upper shield tail block is disassembled, cantilever beams 270 are welded on two sides of the upper shield tail block, the cantilever beams 270 extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavity until being erected on the first cross beam 230, after the upper shield tail block is disassembled and disconnected with the rest of the shield tail, the upper shield body block 421 is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavity through the cooperation of the jacking tower 220 and a traveling cylinder, the upper shield tail block is rotated by 90 degrees through the second lifting hook 260, and the upper shield tail block is loaded into the flat car 300 after rotation is completed and conveyed out of the hole from the drilling and blasting tunnel.
Step S4.3.2: the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block are disassembled in sequence, when all the remaining parts on the shield tail are disassembled in sequence, lifting lugs are welded on all the remaining parts of the shield tail respectively, the first lifting hooks 250 or the second lifting hooks 260 are connected with the lifting lugs through steel wire ropes, all the remaining parts on the disassembled shield tail are carried to the upper part of a transportation platform of an enlarged cavity under the action of a driving mechanism, and after the transportation platform is rotated for 90 degrees, the platform truck 300 is loaded and transported out of a hole in sequence, so that the disassembly of the whole shield tail is completed.
Step S4.4: after the cutterhead is disassembled, the high-voltage electric connection of the shield machine 400 is cut off, the rear support of the shield machine 400 is disassembled, and the disassembled rear support of the shield machine 400 is pulled to an originating well to be lifted out of a hole, and as the shield tunnel is applied to a secondary vault structure, the inner diameter of the shield tunnel is only 6.8m, the pipeline on a trolley is required to be disassembled, and the trolley is ultrahigh, and is ultra-wide and has interference with the secondary lining, such as a guardrail, a floating platform, a control room, a slurry tank and other equipment to be disassembled and moved. The rear support of the shield machine 400 is pulled towards the opening of the starting well by the battery truck in the shield tunnel, and after the rear support of the shield machine 400 reaches the starting well, the rear support of the shield machine 400 such as the shield trolley is lifted out of the ground by using lifting equipment on the ground of the starting well of the shield. Specifically, when the rear supporting trailer and the connecting bridge of the shield tunneling machine 400 are sequentially pulled to the originating well, the connection among the rear supporting trailer, the connecting bridge and the segment leveling machine is disconnected, the rear supporting trailer and the segment leveling machine are connected with the rear supporting machine through an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle runs on a track of a tunnel to drag the rear supporting trailer and the connecting bridge and sequentially pull to the originating well, and after the rear supporting trailer and the connecting bridge reach the originating well, the rear supporting machine 400 such as the shield tunneling trolley is lifted out of the ground by using lifting equipment on the ground of the originating well of the shield tunneling machine. When the rear supporting segment erector and the screw conveyor of the shield machine 400 are sequentially pulled to the originating well, the flange connection of the segment erector and the screw conveyor is disconnected, the shield machine is detached on a segment transport vehicle, and then the shield machine is connected with the segment transport vehicle through an electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle runs on a track of a tunnel, so that the segment erector and the screw conveyor are sequentially pulled to the originating well, and after the shield machine reaches the originating well, the rear supporting segment erector and the screw conveyor of the shield machine are lifted out of the ground by using hoisting equipment on the ground of the shield originating well.
Compared with the existing shield machine disassembling method, the method has the following advantages: 1. the traditional method of shield disassembly and lifting needs to construct the shield to reach the working well, and the method of in-hole disassembly of the embodiment only needs to design a cavity slightly larger than the structure size of the tunnel in advance at the position where the shield reaches, so that the disassembly can be realized; 2. the traditional in-tunnel dismantling chamber is generally larger, the hoisting equipment generally uses a large dismantling gantry crane, and the method can be designed completely according to the maximum allowable size of a mining method, and can realize hoisting by 4 LaoXing jacking towers; 3. the tail of the shield machine is generally left in the tunnel during the conventional in-tunnel disassembly, and the method can realize nondestructive disassembly, namely, all components are transported out of the tunnel; 4. the common in-hole disassembling equipment can enable the fittings to go out of the holes from the side of the joint of the construction method, and the method can realize bidirectional simultaneous hole-out and save construction period.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for a nondestructive disassembly shield machine of a cavity is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of
Step S1: the method comprises the steps of constructing a drilling and blasting tunnel, wherein an enlarged cavity is arranged at the joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the construction method of a shield tunnel;
step S2: a dismantling device for dismantling the shield machine (400) is arranged in the enlarged cavity, the dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and dismantling gantry cranes, the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, the dismantling gantry cranes are arranged on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry cranes can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry cranes to reciprocate in a linear motion;
step S3: after the shield tunneling machine (400) reaches the enlarged cavity, a receiving device for receiving the shield tunneling machine (400) is arranged in the enlarged cavity and close to the shield tunneling machine, and the receiving device comprises a receiving frame (130) capable of translating towards the drilling and blasting tunneling machine;
step S4: continuously pushing the shield machine (400) until the receiving rack (130) supports the shield machine (400), and starting to disassemble and hole the shield machine (400) after the shield machine (400) is stopped;
step S4.1: the cutter head (410) of the shield tunneling machine (400) is disassembled in a blocking mode and lifted, and when the cutter head (410) is disassembled in a blocking mode, the cutter head is disassembled in an auxiliary mode through the disassembling gantry crane;
step S4.2: the shield body (420) of the shield machine (400) is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine (400), and after the shield body (420) is fixed on the receiving frame (130), the shield body (420) is disassembled in a blocking mode and lifted through the dismantling device;
step S4.3: the assembled duct piece is lifted through a jack of the shield machine (400) so that the shield tail is separated from the duct piece, the shield tail is fixed with the receiving frame (130) after being pushed to the receiving frame (130), and the shield tail is disassembled and lifted in a blocking mode through the dismantling device;
step S4.4: and disassembling the rear support of the shield machine (400), and pulling the rear support of the disassembled shield machine (400) to an originating well for hoisting and hole-exiting.
2. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are disposed at the position of the enlarged cavity near the shield tunnel, the receiving device further includes a translational beam (120), the translational beam (120) is mounted on the receiving platform, the receiving frame (130) can move on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame (130) is guided to the adjusting pit through the translational beam (120).
3. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of jacking towers (220), two traveling steel plates (210) and traveling oil cylinders, wherein the traveling steel plates (210) are distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavity, at least two jacking towers (220) are movably connected to each traveling steel plate (210), the disassembling gantry is erected on the jacking towers (220), the disassembling gantry is driven by the jacking towers (220) to lift up and down, and the jacking towers (220) are driven by the traveling oil cylinders to slide on the traveling steel plates (210).
4. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, wherein: the disassembly gantry crane comprises two first cross beams (230) and two second cross beams (240), the two first cross beams (230) are respectively erected on the jacking towers (220) on two sides of the enlarged cavity, and the second cross beams (240) are erected on the first cross beams (230), so that the disassembly gantry crane is formed.
5. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein: in step S4.1, the cutterhead (410) is divided into five parts, namely a lower cutter block (411), an upper cutter block (412), a left cutter block (413), a right cutter block (414) and a middle cutter block (415), the middle cutter block (415) is positioned in the middle of the cutterhead (410), the lower cutter block (411), the upper cutter block (412), the left cutter block (413) and the right cutter block (414) are enclosed on the outer edge of the middle cutter block (415), so that the cutterhead (410) is formed, the cutterhead (410) is lifted while being disassembled in a blocking manner, and the step of disassembling the cutterhead (410) in a blocking manner comprises: firstly cutting and disassembling the lower cutter block (411) positioned at the bottom of the cutter disc (410), then sequentially rotating the upper cutter block (412), the left cutter block (413) and the right cutter block (414) to the bottom of the cutter disc (410) to cut and disassemble one by one, and finally cutting and disassembling the middle cutter block (415).
6. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, wherein: when each cutter block on the cutter head (410) is cut and disassembled, the first lifting hooks (250) need to be moved to the cutter head (410) to hook and fix the part to be cut and disassembled, after the cutting and disassembling are finished, the cut and disassembled part is lifted to a flat car (300) in the enlarged cavity through the first lifting hooks (250), and all parts of the cutter head (410) are transported out of the cavity from the drilling and blasting tunnel through the flat car (300).
7. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, wherein: in step S4.2, the shield body (420) is divided into five parts, namely an upper shield body block (421), a left shield body block (422), a right shield body block (423), a middle shield body block (424) and a lower shield body block (425), the middle shield body block (424) is located in the middle of the shield body (420), the upper shield body block (421), the left shield body block (422), the lower shield body block (425) and the right shield body block (423) are sequentially surrounded in the middle shield body block (424), so that the shield body (420) is formed, wherein after the shield body (420) is separated from the tail, the lower shield body block (425) is welded and fixed with the receiving frame, the receiving frame (130) is moved to the upper side of the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam (120), and the receiving frame (130) is adjusted to separate the shield body (420) after the height of the adjusting pit.
8. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, wherein: the step of dividing and disassembling the shield body (420) comprises the following steps:
step S4.2.1: when the shield body upper block (421) is disassembled and lifted, cantilever beams (270) are welded on two sides of the shield body upper block (421), the cantilever beams (270) extend towards two sides of the expansion cavity until being erected on the first cross beam (230), after the shield body upper block (421) is disassembled and disconnected from the connection of the rest part of the shield body (420), the shield body upper block (421) is conveyed to a conveying platform of the expansion cavity through the cooperation of the jacking tower (220) and the traveling cylinder, the shield body upper block (421) is rotated by 90 degrees through a second lifting hook (260) arranged on the second cross beam (240), and after the rotation is completed, the shield body upper block (421) is installed in a flat car (300) and conveyed out of the tunnel from a drilling and blasting hole;
step S4.2.2: the left shield body block (422) and the right shield body block (423), the middle shield body block (424) and the lower shield body block (425) are sequentially disassembled, lifting lugs are welded on the remaining parts of the shield body (420) respectively when the remaining parts of the shield body (420) are sequentially disassembled, the first lifting hooks (250) or the second lifting hooks (260) are connected with the lifting lugs through steel wires, and then the disassembled remaining parts of the shield body (420) are conveyed to the upper part of a conveying platform of an enlarged cavity under the action of a driving mechanism, and after the rotating for 90 degrees, the lifting lugs are installed in a flat car (300) and are sequentially conveyed out of the cavity.
9. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, wherein: the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely an upper shield tail block, a left shield tail block, a right shield tail block and a lower shield tail block, wherein the upper shield tail block, the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block jointly enclose into a hollow shield tail, the shield tail is separated from a duct piece and pushed to the receiving frame (130), the lower shield tail block is fixed with the receiving frame (130), the receiving frame (130) moves to the upper side of the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam (120), and the receiving frame (130) can be disassembled in a blocking mode after being separated from the height of the adjusting pit.
10. The construction method for nondestructive disassembly of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, wherein: in the step S4.4, the step of splitting the shield tail in blocks includes:
step S4.3.1: when the shield tail upper block is disassembled and lifted, the cantilever beams (270) are welded at two sides of the shield tail upper block, the cantilever beams (270) extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavity until being erected on the first cross beam (230), after the connection and disconnection of the shield tail upper block and the rest of the shield tail are disassembled, the shield body upper block (421) is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavity through the cooperation of the jacking tower (220) and the traveling cylinder, the shield tail upper block is rotated for 90 degrees through the second lifting hook (260), and after the rotation is completed, the shield tail upper block is installed in a flat car (300) and is conveyed out of the drilled and exploded tunnel;
step S4.3.2: the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block are disassembled in sequence, lifting lugs are welded on the remaining parts of the shield tail respectively when the remaining parts of the shield tail are disassembled in sequence, a second lifting hook (260) is connected with the lifting lugs through a steel wire rope, then the disassembled remaining parts of the shield tail are carried to the upper part of a transportation platform of an enlarged cavity under the action of a driving mechanism, and after the transportation platform is rotated by 90 degrees, the transportation platform is loaded into a flat car (300) and transported out of a hole in sequence.
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