CN113605905A - Construction method for disassembling tunnel boring machine without damage - Google Patents
Construction method for disassembling tunnel boring machine without damage Download PDFInfo
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- CN113605905A CN113605905A CN202111009760.5A CN202111009760A CN113605905A CN 113605905 A CN113605905 A CN 113605905A CN 202111009760 A CN202111009760 A CN 202111009760A CN 113605905 A CN113605905 A CN 113605905A
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- disassembling
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- disassembled
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
- B66C1/14—Slings with hooks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
- B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for disassembling a shield machine without damaging a cavern, which relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, wherein an enlarged cavern is designed, a cutter head of the shield machine is disassembled in blocks after a disassembling device and a receiving device are arranged in the enlarged cavern, and then the disassembled cutter head is transported out of a drilling and blasting tunnel in blocks; disassembling the rear matching of the shield machine and dragging the disassembled rear matching of the shield machine to an originating well for hoisting and discharging; secondly, after a shield body of the shield machine is fixed on a receiving frame, a dismantling device in the enlarged tunnel is used for carrying out block hoisting and dismantling, and the dismantled shield body blocks are transported out of the drilling and blasting tunnel; and after the shield tail is integrally moved forwards to the receiving frame for fixing, the shield tail is lifted and disassembled in a partitioning manner by utilizing the in-tunnel dismantling device, and the disassembled shield tail is transported out of the drilled and exploded tunnel. The nondestructive disassembly in the tunnel of the shield machine is realized, the shield machine does not need to be constructed to reach a working well, the manpower and material resources are saved, and the subsequent assembly is also convenient and quick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, in particular to a construction method for disassembling a shield machine without damaging a cavern.
Background
With the continuous development of modern cities in China, the river surge treatment strength is increased, road traffic is continuously improved, underground tunnel construction projects are increasing year by year, more and more large-diameter shield machines are put into urban traffic construction, and the dismantling work after the shield machines arrive also becomes an important part in the whole project plan. Generally, shield method construction needs to be carried out in advance to form a shield starting working well and a shield receiving working well, all accessories of a shield machine are hoisted into the shield starting working well to be assembled, debugged and started, a soil body is excavated by the shield machine, segments are synchronously spliced to form a tunnel, and finally the shield machine enters the shield receiving working well to disassemble and hoist all accessories out of the well one by one. However, under severe conditions such as an oversized buried-depth mountain area and a deep sea area, the shield machine receiving working well is not provided for providing conditions for the shield machine to arrive at, receive, dismantle and transport out of the hole, and because the shield machine which does not return to the original working well can not back to the formed tunnel to disassemble, hoist and discharge out of the hole, the shield machine needs to be disassembled and transported out of the hole under the condition that the shield machine receiving working well is not arranged, and how to handle the shield disassembly out of the hole under the conditions becomes a problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a construction method for disassembling a tunnel without damage to a shield machine, which can perform nondestructive disassembly and transportation out of a tunnel on the shield machine under the condition of not arranging a shield receiving working well, effectively eliminate the risk in the process of disassembling the shield machine and improve the disassembly efficiency.
The construction method for disassembling the shield machine without damaging the cavern comprises the following steps:
step S1: constructing a drilling and blasting tunnel, wherein an enlarged cavern is arranged at the construction method joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the shield tunnel;
step S2: arranging a dismantling device for dismantling the shield machine in the enlarged cavern, wherein the dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and a dismantling gantry crane, the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavern, the dismantling gantry crane is arranged on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry crane can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry crane to perform reciprocating linear motion;
step S3: after the shield machine reaches the enlarged cavern, arranging a receiving device for receiving the shield machine in the enlarged cavern close to the shield tunnel, wherein the receiving device comprises a receiving frame capable of translating towards the drilling and blasting tunnel;
step S4: the shield machine is continuously pushed until the receiving frame supports the shield machine, and the shield machine is disassembled and discharged after being stopped;
step S4.1: the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is disassembled in blocks and hoisted, and the cutter head is disassembled in an auxiliary mode through the disassembling gantry crane during disassembling in blocks;
step S4.2: the shield body of the shield machine is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine, and the shield body is disassembled in a partitioning manner and hoisted through the dismantling device after being fixed on the receiving frame;
step S4.3: the assembled duct pieces are jacked by a jack of the shield machine so that the shield tail is separated from the duct pieces, the shield tail is fixed with the receiving frame after being pushed to the receiving frame, and the shield tail is partitioned, disassembled and hoisted by the dismantling device;
step S4.4: disassembling the rear matching of the shield machine and dragging the disassembled rear matching of the shield machine to the starting well for hoisting and discharging.
As a further improvement of the above solution, in step S3, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are disposed in the enlarged cavern near the shield tunnel, and the receiving device further includes a translation beam, the translation beam is mounted on the receiving platform, the receiving frame is movable on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame is guided to the adjusting pit by the translation beam.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of jacking towers, two walking steel plates and a walking oil cylinder, the two walking steel plates are distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavern, each walking steel plate is movably connected with at least two jacking towers, the disassembling gantry crane is erected on the jacking towers, the disassembling gantry crane is driven by the jacking towers to lift up and down, and the walking oil cylinder drives the jacking towers to slide on the walking steel plates.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, the dismantling gantry crane includes two first beams and two second beams, the two first beams are respectively erected on the jacking towers on both sides of the enlarged cavern, and the second beams are erected on the first beams, so as to form the dismantling gantry crane.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, in step S4.1, will the blade disc divide into down sword piece, go up sword piece, left sword piece, right sword piece and five parts of well sword piece, well sword piece is in the middle part of blade disc, down the sword piece go up the sword piece left sword piece and right sword piece encloses to be established the outer edge of well sword piece, thereby constitute the blade disc, wherein, the partitioning is disassembled the blade disc is carried out the handling simultaneously, and the partitioning is disassembled the step of blade disc includes: firstly cutting and disassembling the lower cutter block positioned at the bottom of the cutter head, then sequentially rotating the upper cutter block, the left cutter block and the right cutter block to the bottom of the cutter head for one-by-one cutting and disassembling, and finally cutting and disassembling the middle cutter block.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned scheme, arranged first lifting hook on the second crossbeam, the cutting is disassembled during each sword piece on the blade disc, first lifting hook all need move to blade disc department will wait to cut the part of disassembling and hook fixedly, wait to cut to disassemble and finish the back, through first lifting hook will cut the part of disassembling and hang and transport to expand on the indoor flatbed of hole, through the flatbed in order to with each part of blade disc is from boring to explode the tunnel department and transporting out the hole.
As a further improvement of the above solution, in step S4.3, the shield body is divided into five parts, namely a shield body upper block, a shield body left block, a shield body right block, a shield body middle block and a shield body lower block, the shield body middle block is located in the middle of the shield body, the shield body upper block, the shield body left block, the shield body lower block and the shield body right block are sequentially enclosed in the shield body middle block, so as to form the shield body, wherein after the shield body is separated from the shield tail, the shield body lower block is welded and fixed to the receiving frame, the receiving frame moves to the position above the adjustment pit under the guiding action of the translation beam, and the shield body can be disassembled by blocks after the receiving frame is adjusted in height from the adjustment pit.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the step of disassembling the shield in blocks includes:
step S4.2.1: when the upper shield block is disassembled and hoisted, cantilever beams are welded on two sides of the upper shield block, the cantilever beams extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavern until the cantilever beams are erected on the first cross beam, after the upper shield block is disconnected from the rest part of the shield body, the upper shield block is transported to a transportation platform of the enlarged cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower and the traveling oil cylinder, then the upper shield block is rotated by 90 degrees through a second lifting hook arranged on the second cross beam, and after the rotation is completed, the upper shield block is loaded into a flat car and is transported out of the drilled and exploded tunnel;
step S4.2.2: sequentially disassembling the left shield body block, the right shield body block, the middle shield body block and the lower shield body block, sequentially disassembling all the rest parts on the shield body, respectively welding lifting lugs on all the rest parts of the shield body, connecting the first lifting hook or the second lifting hook through a steel wire rope to the lifting lugs, then, well disassembling all the rest parts on the shield body under the action of the driving mechanism, carrying the rest parts to the upper part of a transportation platform for enlarging a cavern, and loading a flat car and sequentially transporting the flat car out of the cavern after rotating 90 degrees.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely a shield tail upper block, a shield tail left block, a shield tail right block and a shield tail lower block, which together enclose a hollow shield tail, wherein the shield tail is separated from the duct piece and pushed to the receiving rack, the shield tail lower block is fixed with the receiving rack, the receiving rack moves above the adjustment pit under the guiding action of the translation beam, and the shield tail is divided into blocks and disassembled after the receiving rack is adjusted to be away from the height of the adjustment pit.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, in step S4.4, the step of disassembling the shield tail in blocks includes:
step S4.3.1: when the upper shield tail block is disassembled and hoisted, the cantilever beams are welded on two sides of the upper shield tail block, the cantilever beams extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavern until the cantilever beams are erected on the first cross beam, after the upper shield tail block is disconnected from the rest part of the shield tail, the upper shield body block is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower and the traveling oil cylinder, the upper shield tail block is rotated by 90 degrees through the second lifting hook, and after the rotation is completed, the upper shield tail block is loaded into a flat car and is conveyed out of the tunnel from the drilling and blasting hole;
step S4.3.2: sequentially disassembling the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block, and sequentially disassembling all the rest parts on the shield tail, respectively welding lifting lugs on all the rest parts of the shield tail, connecting the lifting lugs by a second lifting hook through a steel wire rope, then carrying the disassembled rest parts on the shield tail to the position above a transportation platform for enlarging a cavern under the action of a driving mechanism, and after rotating for 90 degrees, loading the parts into a flat car and sequentially transporting the parts out of the cavern.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: in the technical scheme, an enlarged cavern is designed at the joint of the shield tunnel and the drilling and blasting tunnel in a construction method (the size of the enlarged cavern is slightly larger than the section of the tunnel), after a dismantling device and a receiving device are arranged in the enlarged cavern, a cutter head of the shield machine is firstly dismantled in blocks, and then the dismantled cutter head blocks are transported out of the drilling and blasting tunnel; disassembling the rear matching of the shield machine and dragging the disassembled rear matching of the shield machine to an originating well for hoisting and discharging; fixing a shield body of the shield machine on a receiving frame, then performing block disassembly, hoisting and disassembling by using a disassembling device in the enlarged tunnel, and transporting the disassembled shield body block out of the drilled and exploded tunnel; the shield tail is integrally moved forward to the receiving frame to be fixed, then the shield tail is divided into blocks to be disassembled, the in-tunnel dismantling device is utilized to carry out hoisting and disassembling, the disassembled shield tail is conveyed out from the drilled and exploded tunnel, the nondestructive dismantling in the shield machine tunnel can be realized, the shield is not required to be constructed to reach a working well, the shield is constructed to be dismantled and conveyed out of the tunnel, the purpose of saving manpower and material resources is achieved, the shield blocks dismantled by the method can be rapidly assembled when used next time, and the influence on subsequent use is avoided. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the tunnel can disassemble and transport the shield machine out of the tunnel under the condition that a shield receiving working well is not arranged, and can effectively eliminate the risk of the shield machine disassembling process and improve the disassembling efficiency by formulating a reasonable method for disassembling and decomposing the shield machine in the tunnel by combining the self characteristics of the shield machine and the space conditions in the tunnel under the condition that all shield mechanical equipment must be disassembled and transported in the tunnel.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of an enlarged cavity and a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of a demolition apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a first construction schematic diagram of the cutter head in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a block disassembly schematic view of a cutter head in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a second construction schematic diagram of the cutter head in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a first schematic construction diagram for removing a shield according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second construction schematic diagram of the shield body removal in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a third schematic construction diagram for removing the shield body in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a fourth schematic construction diagram for removing the shield body according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a fifth construction schematic diagram of the shield body dismantling in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
A construction method for nondestructively disassembling a shield machine in a cavern comprises the following steps:
step S1: as shown in figure 1, a drilling and blasting tunnel is constructed, an enlarged cavern is arranged at the joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the shield tunnel, the length of the enlarged cavern is 23 meters, the width of the enlarged cavern is 11 meters, and the enlarged cavern is slightly larger than the cross section of the shield tunnel, so that an operable space is formed after the shield machine reaches the enlarged tunnel.
Step S2: after the enlarged cavern is excavated, a dismantling device for dismantling the shield tunneling machine 400 is arranged in the enlarged cavern, the dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and a dismantling gantry, the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavern, the dismantling gantry is erected on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry to perform reciprocating linear motion. Specifically, as can be known by referring to fig. 2, the driving mechanism comprises a plurality of jacking towers 220, two walking steel plates 210 and a walking oil cylinder, the two walking steel plates 210 are distributed on two sides of the enlarged tunnel, each walking steel plate 210 is movably connected with at least two jacking towers 220, each jacking tower 220 is provided with a jacking rod capable of ascending and descending, the disassembled gantry crane is erected on the jacking towers 220, and is specifically fixed on the jacking rods, the gantry crane is disassembled through the driving of the jacking towers 220 to ascend and descend, the jacking towers 220 are driven by the walking oil cylinder to slide on the walking steel plates 210, and therefore the goal of disassembling the gantry crane is achieved from one end of the enlarged tunnel to the other end. Further, as will be understood from fig. 3 and 5, the disassembled gantry crane includes two first beams 230 and two second beams 240, the two first beams 230 are respectively erected on the jacking towers 220 on both sides of the enlarged cavern, and the second beams 240 are erected on the first beams 230, so as to form the disassembled gantry crane.
Step S3: after the shield machine 400 arrives at the enlarged cavern, the broken soil in the enlarged cavern is cleaned up, a receiving device for receiving the shield machine 400 is arranged at a position close to the shield tunnel in the enlarged cavern, the receiving device comprises a receiving frame 13 capable of moving towards the drilling and blasting tunnel, concretely, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are arranged at a position close to the shield tunnel in the enlarged cavern, the receiving device further comprises a translation beam 120, the translation beam 120 is arranged on the receiving platform, the receiving frame 130 can move on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame 130 is guided to the adjusting pit through the translation beam 120. Wherein, still be equipped with buttress 110 in the adjustment hole, the adjusting steel sheet has been laid on buttress 110, and the translation roof beam is located the adjusting steel sheet.
Step S4: when the alignment is ready, the shield machine 400 continues to advance until the receiving frame 130 supports the shield machine 400, and the shield machine 400 starts to disassemble the shield machine 400 after stopping, wherein the disassembling of the shield machine 400 comprises the following steps:
step S4.1: the blade disc 410 to shield structure machine 400 is carried out the piecemeal and is disassembled and the handling, when the piecemeal is disassembled, disassemble blade disc 410 through dismantling gantry crane is supplementary, it is specific, as shown in fig. 4, divide into down sword piece 411 with blade disc 410, go up sword piece 412, left sword piece 413, right sword piece 414 and five parts of well sword piece 415, well sword piece 415 is in the middle part of blade disc 410, down sword piece 411, go up sword piece 412, left sword piece 413 and right sword piece 414 enclose the outer edge of establishing in sword piece 415, thereby constitute blade disc 410, wherein, the blade disc 410 is disassembled in the piecemeal while handling, the step of disassembling blade disc 410 in the piecemeal includes: firstly cutting and disassembling the lower cutter block 411 at the bottom of the cutter disc 410, then sequentially rotating the upper cutter block 412, the left cutter block 413 and the right cutter block 414 to the bottom of the cutter disc 410 for cutting and disassembling one by one, and finally cutting and disassembling the middle cutter block 415. Utilize jacking tower 220 to join in marriage and disassemble the supplementary atress of gantry crane and hang the part that waits to cut of blade disc 410, cut and disassemble blade disc 410 in proper order, blade disc 410 divide into 5, wherein 4 blocks on the limit, 1 block in the center, for preventing blade disc 410 from appearing deflecting when the piecemeal is disassembled, the cutting order is cut according to the symmetry, the cutting is started from the limit piece that is located the bottom earlier, first limit piece cutting finishes the back and is revolved the limit piece of offside to the bottom, then is carrying out the cutting of remaining two limit pieces. It should be noted that the first hook 250 is disposed on the second cross beam 240, when each cutting block on the cutter disc 410 is cut and disassembled, the first hook 250 needs to be moved to the cutter disc 410 to hook and fix the part to be cut and disassembled, after the cutting and disassembling are completed, the part to be cut and disassembled is lifted to the flat car 300 in the enlarged tunnel chamber through the first hook 250, and each part of the cutter disc 410 is transported out of the tunnel through the flat car 300.
Step S4.2: the shield body 420 of the shield machine 400 is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine 400, the shield body 420 is fixed behind the receiving frame 130, the shield body 420 is disassembled in blocks and hoisted through the dismantling device, and the disassembly and the transportation of the shield machine 400, which are matched at the back, can be carried out synchronously with the disassembly and the transportation of the shield body 420, so that the construction period can be greatly shortened. Specifically, the shield body 420 is divided into five parts, namely a shield body upper block 421, a shield body left block 422, a shield body right block 423, a shield body middle block 424 and a shield body lower block 425, the shield body middle block 424 is located in the middle of the shield body 420, and the shield body upper block 421, the shield body left block 422, the shield body lower block 425 and the shield body right block 423 are sequentially arranged in the shield body middle block 424 in a surrounding manner, so that the shield body 420 is formed, wherein after the shield body 420 is separated from the shield tail, the shield body lower block 425 is fixedly welded with the receiving frame, the receiving frame 130 moves to the upper side of the adjustment pit under the guiding action of the translation beam 120, and after the receiving frame 130 is adjusted to the height of the adjustment pit, the block division of the shield body 420 can be performed, wherein the receiving frame 130 is lifted up by a jack so that the load is removed, so that the adjustment steel plate on the buttress 110 can be easily extracted, and the relative distance between the receiving frame and the adjustment pit bottom is reduced, and the block division of the subsequent shield body 420 is facilitated.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 10, the step of disassembling the shield body 420 in blocks includes:
step S4.2.1: when the upper shield block 421 is disassembled, because the distance between the enlarged tunnel and the shield 420 is too short, the cantilever beams 270 are welded to the two sides of the upper shield block 421, the cantilever beams 270 extend towards the two sides of the enlarged chamber until the cantilever beams are erected on the first cross beam 230, and after the upper shield block 421 is disconnected from the rest of the shield 420, the upper shield block 421 is carried to a transportation platform for enlarging a cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower 220 and the walking oil cylinder, the upper shield block 421 is rotated by 90 degrees through a second hook 260 arranged on the second beam 240, the upper shield block 421 is loaded into the flat car 300 after the rotation is finished and is transported out of the drilled and exploded tunnel, the purpose of rotating the shield body upper block 421 by 90 is to drill the blast tunnel with a hole diameter of only 8m, the width of each block of the shield body 420 is 8.5m, but the length is 6m, so that the shield body upper block 421 can be conveyed out from the drilling and blasting tunnel by rotating 90 degrees.
Step S4.2.2: the shield body left block 422, the shield body right block 423, the shield body middle block 424 and the shield body lower block 425 are disassembled in sequence, the shield body upper block 421 is disassembled, the top space of the enlarged cavern is sufficient, a cantilever beam does not need to be additionally installed, the shield body upper block can be directly disassembled in an auxiliary mode through the second lifting hook 260 on the second cross beam 240, lifting lugs are respectively welded on the rest parts of the shield body 420 when the rest parts of the shield body 420 are disassembled in sequence, the second lifting hook 260 is connected with the lifting lugs through a steel wire rope, then the rest parts of the disassembled shield body 420 are conveyed to the position above a conveying platform of the enlarged cavern under the action of a driving mechanism, and the parts are loaded into the flat car 300 and are sequentially conveyed out of the cavern after being rotated by 90 degrees.
Step S4.3: the assembled duct piece is jacked by a jack of the shield tunneling machine 400 so that the shield tail is separated from the duct piece, the shield tail is pushed to the receiving frame 130 and then fixed with the receiving frame 130, and the shield tail is partitioned, disassembled and lifted by the dismounting device. The figure does not show a disassembly schematic diagram of the shield tail, the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely a shield tail upper block, a shield tail left block, a shield tail right block and a shield tail lower block, the shield tail upper block, the shield tail left block, the shield tail right block and the shield tail lower block are different from the shield body 420 and lack of middle blocks, the shield tail upper block, the shield tail left block, the shield tail right block and the shield tail lower block jointly enclose a hollow shield tail, after the shield tail is separated from a duct piece and pushed to the receiving frame 130, the shield tail lower block is fixed with the receiving frame 130, the receiving frame 130 moves to the upper part of the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam 120, the shield tail blocks can be disassembled after the receiving frame 130 is adjusted to the height of the adjusting pit, the shield tail blocks are basically consistent with the shield body 420 blocks, and the upper block is disassembled first, then the left block and the right block are disassembled last.
Specifically, the step of disassembling the shield tail in blocks comprises the following steps:
step S4.3.1: when disassembling the upper shield tail block, cantilever beams 270 are welded on two sides of the upper shield tail block, the cantilever beams 270 extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavern until being erected on the first cross beam 230, after the upper shield tail block is disassembled from the rest part of the shield tail, the upper shield body block 421 is carried to a transportation platform of the enlarged cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower 220 and the walking oil cylinder, the upper shield tail block is rotated by 90 degrees through the second lifting hook 260, and the upper shield tail block is loaded into the flat car 300 after the rotation is completed and is transported out of the drilled and exploded tunnel.
Step S4.3.2: the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block are disassembled in sequence, when all the rest parts on the shield tail are disassembled in sequence, lugs are welded on all the rest parts of the shield tail respectively, the first lifting hook 250 or the second lifting hook 260 is connected with the lugs through a steel wire rope, then all the rest parts on the disassembled shield tail are carried to the upper part of a transport platform for enlarging a cavern under the action of a driving mechanism, after the shield tail is rotated for 90 degrees, the shield tail is loaded into a flat car 300 and transported out of a hole in sequence, and the disassembly of the whole shield tail is completed.
Step S4.4: after the cutter head is disassembled, the high-voltage electric connection of the shield machine 400 is cut off, the rear matching of the shield machine 400 is disassembled, the rear matching of the disassembled shield machine 400 is pulled to a starting well for hoisting and discharging, the inner diameter of the shield tunnel is only 6.8m due to the fact that the shield tunnel is constructed into a secondary vault structure, pipelines on a trolley need to be disassembled, the trolley is ultrahigh, the trolley is ultra-wide, and the trolley is interfered with two linings, such as a guardrail, a floating platform, a control room and a slurry tank, the equipment is disassembled and moved inwards. The rear matching of the shield machine 400 is pulled towards the opening of the starting well by the battery car in the shield tunnel, and after the rear matching reaches the starting well, the rear matching of the shield machine 400 such as the shield trolley is hoisted out of the ground by using the hoisting equipment on the ground of the shield starting well. Specifically, when the rear matching trailer and the connecting bridge of the shield tunneling machine 400 are sequentially pulled to the starting well, the connection between the rear matching trailer, the connecting bridge and the segment flatting machine is disconnected, the rear matching trailer and the connecting bridge are sequentially pulled to the starting well by driving the storage battery car and the shield tunneling machine on the track of the tunnel, and the rear matching trailer, the connecting bridge and the shield tunneling machine 400 such as the shield trolley are lifted out of the ground by using the hoisting equipment on the ground of the shield starting well after reaching the starting well. When the rear matched segment erector and the screw conveyor of the shield tunneling machine 400 are sequentially pulled to the starting well, the flange connections of the segment erector and the screw conveyor are disconnected, the segment erector and the screw conveyor are disassembled on the segment transport vehicle and then connected with the segment transport vehicle through the battery car, and the battery car runs on the track of the tunnel, so that the segment erector and the screw conveyor are sequentially pulled to the starting well, and after the segment erector and the screw conveyor reach the starting well, the rear matched shield erector, the screw conveyor and other shield tunneling machines are hoisted out of the ground by using the hoisting equipment on the ground of the shield starting well.
Compared with the existing shield machine disassembling method, the method has the following advantages: 1. the traditional method for disassembling and hoisting the shield needs to construct the shield to reach a working well first, and the method for disassembling the shield in the tunnel only needs to design a chamber slightly larger than the size of the tunnel structure in advance at the position where the shield reaches, so that the disassembly can be realized; 2. the traditional in-tunnel dismantling cavern is generally large, the hoisting and hoisting equipment generally adopts a large dismantling gantry crane, the method can be completely designed according to the maximum allowable size of a mining method, and the hoisting can be realized by 4 Lao Xinge jacking towers; 3. in the traditional in-tunnel dismantling, the shield tail of the shield machine is generally left in the tunnel, and the method can realize nondestructive dismantling, namely all structural parts are transported out of the tunnel; 4. the method can realize bidirectional simultaneous hole discharging and save construction period.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for nondestructively disassembling a tunnel portal machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
Step S1: constructing a drilling and blasting tunnel, wherein an enlarged cavern is arranged at the construction method joint of the drilling and blasting tunnel and the shield tunnel;
step S2: arranging a dismantling device for dismantling a shield machine (400) in the enlarged cavern, wherein the dismantling device comprises a driving mechanism and a dismantling gantry crane, the driving mechanism is distributed on two sides of the enlarged cavern, the dismantling gantry crane is arranged on the driving mechanism, the dismantling gantry crane can lift up and down, and the driving mechanism drives the dismantling gantry crane to perform reciprocating linear motion;
step S3: after the shield machine (400) arrives at the enlarged cavern, arranging a receiving device for receiving the shield machine (400) in the enlarged cavern close to the shield tunnel, wherein the receiving device comprises a receiving frame (130) capable of translating towards the drilling and blasting tunnel;
step S4: the shield machine (400) is continuously pushed until the receiving frame (130) supports the shield machine (400), and the shield machine (400) starts to be disassembled and is taken out of the hole after the shield machine (400) is stopped;
step S4.1: the method comprises the steps that a cutter head (410) of the shield tunneling machine (400) is disassembled in a partitioning mode and hoisted, and when the cutter head is disassembled in the partitioning mode, the cutter head (410) is disassembled in an assisting mode through a disassembling gantry;
step S4.2: the shield body (420) of the shield machine (400) is separated from the shield tail of the shield machine (400), and after the shield body (420) is fixed on the receiving frame (130), the shield body (420) is disassembled in a partitioning mode and lifted through the dismounting device;
step S4.3: the assembled duct pieces are jacked through a jack of a shield machine (400) so that the shield tail is separated from the duct pieces, the shield tail is fixed with the receiving frame (130) after being pushed to the receiving frame (130), and the shield tail is partitioned, disassembled and hoisted through the dismantling device;
step S4.4: disassembling the rear matching of the shield machine (400) and dragging the disassembled rear matching of the shield machine (400) to the starting well for hoisting and discharging.
2. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, a receiving platform and an adjusting pit are disposed at a position of the enlarged cavern close to the shield tunnel, the receiving device further includes a translation beam (120), the translation beam (120) is mounted on the receiving platform, the receiving frame (130) is movable on the receiving platform, and the receiving frame (130) is guided to the adjusting pit by the translation beam (120).
3. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 2, characterized in that: actuating mechanism includes a plurality of jacking tower (220), two walking steel sheets (210) and walking hydro-cylinder, two walking steel sheet (210) distribute and are in enlarge the both sides of cavern, every there are at least two equal swing joint on walking steel sheet (210) jacking tower (220), it establishes to disassemble a gallows jacking tower (220), through jacking tower (220) drive it carries out the oscilaltion to disassemble the gantry crane, through walking hydro-cylinder drive jacking tower (220) are in slide on the walking steel sheet (210).
4. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 3, characterized in that: the disassembly gantry crane comprises two first cross beams (230) and two second cross beams (240), the two first cross beams (230) are respectively erected on the jacking towers (220) on two sides of the enlarged cavern, and the second cross beams (240) are erected on the first cross beams (230), so that the disassembly gantry crane is formed.
5. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S4.1, will cutter head (410) divide into down sword piece (411), go up sword piece (412), left sword piece (413), right sword piece (414) and five parts of well sword piece (415), well sword piece (415) are in the middle part of cutter head (410), down sword piece (411), go up sword piece (412), left side sword piece (413) and right sword piece (414) enclose to be established the outer edge of well sword piece (415), thereby constitute cutter head (410), wherein, the partitioning is disassembled cutter head (410) limit is walked on, and the partitioning is disassembled the step of cutter head (410) includes: cutting firstly disassembles and is located cutter head (410) bottom down sword piece (411), then will go up sword piece (412), left side sword piece (413) and right side sword piece (414) are changeed in proper order the bottom of cutter head (410) is cut one by one and is disassembled, cuts at last and disassembles well sword piece (415).
6. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 5, characterized in that: first lifting hook (250) have been arranged on second crossbeam (240), and the cutting is disassembled during each sword piece on blade disc (410), first lifting hook (250) all need move to blade disc (410) department will be cut the part of disassembling and hook fixedly, treat to cut the back of disassembling finishing, through first lifting hook (250) will cut the part of disassembling and carry extremely on expanding the indoor flatbed (300) in hole, through flatbed (300) in order to incite somebody to action each part of blade disc (410) is from boring to explode the tunnel department and transport out the hole.
7. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step S4.2, the shield body (420) is divided into five parts, namely a shield body upper block (421), a shield body left block (422), a shield body right block (423), a shield body middle block (424) and a shield body lower block (425), the shield body middle block (424) is positioned in the middle of the shield body (420), the shield body upper block (421), the shield body left block (422), the shield body lower block (425) and the shield body right block (423) are sequentially arranged in the shield body middle block (424) in a surrounding manner, so that the shield body (420) is formed, wherein, after the shield body (420) is separated from the shield tail, the lower shield body block (425) is welded and fixed with the receiving frame, the receiving frame (130) moves to the position above the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam (120), and the shield body (420) can be disassembled in a blocking mode after the height of the receiving frame (130) from the adjusting pit is adjusted.
8. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 7, characterized in that: the step of disassembling the shield body (420) in blocks comprises:
step S4.2.1: when the upper shield block (421) is disassembled and lifted, cantilever beams (270) are welded on two sides of the upper shield block (421), the cantilever beams (270) extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavern until the cantilever beams are erected on the first cross beam (230), after the upper shield block (421) is disconnected from the rest part of the shield body (420), the upper shield block (421) is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower (220) and the traveling oil cylinder, the upper shield block (421) is rotated by 90 degrees through a second lifting hook (260) arranged on the second cross beam (240), and after the rotation is completed, the upper shield block (421) is loaded into a flat car (300) and is conveyed out of the drilled and exploded cavern;
step S4.2.2: sequentially disassembling the left shield body block (422), the right shield body block (423), the middle shield body block (424) and the lower shield body block (425), sequentially disassembling all the rest parts on the shield body (420), respectively welding lifting lugs on all the rest parts of the shield body (420), connecting the first lifting hook (250) or the second lifting hook (260) through a steel wire rope to the lifting lugs, carrying all the rest parts on the shield body (420) to the upper part of a transport platform for enlarging a cavern under the action of a driving mechanism, and loading a flat car (300) and sequentially transporting holes after rotating for 90 degrees.
9. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 8, characterized in that: the shield tail is divided into four parts, namely a shield tail upper block, a shield tail left block, a shield tail right block and a shield tail lower block, wherein the shield tail upper block, the shield tail left block, the shield tail right block and the shield tail lower block jointly enclose a hollow shield tail, the shield tail is separated from a pipe piece and pushed to the receiving frame (130), the shield tail lower block is fixed with the receiving frame (130), the receiving frame (130) moves to the upper side of the adjusting pit under the guiding action of the translation beam (120), and the receiving frame (130) is adjusted to be away from the height of the adjusting pit and then can be disassembled.
10. The construction method for nondestructively disassembling the shield machine in the cavern according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step S4.4, the step of disassembling the shield tail in blocks includes:
step S4.3.1: when the shield tail upper block is disassembled and hoisted, the cantilever beams (270) are welded on two sides of the shield tail upper block, the cantilever beams (270) extend towards two sides of the enlarged cavern until the cantilever beams are erected on the first cross beam (230), after the shield tail upper block is disconnected with the rest part of the shield tail, the shield body upper block (421) is conveyed to a conveying platform of the enlarged cavern through the cooperation of the jacking tower (220) and the traveling oil cylinder, the shield tail upper block is rotated by 90 degrees through the second lifting hook (260), and after the rotation is completed, the shield tail upper block is loaded into a flat car (300) and is conveyed out of a drilled and exploded tunnel;
step S4.3.2: sequentially disassembling the left shield tail block, the right shield tail block and the lower shield tail block, sequentially disassembling all the rest parts on the shield tail, respectively welding lifting lugs on all the rest parts of the shield tail, connecting the lifting lugs by a second lifting hook (260) through a steel wire rope, then carrying the disassembled rest parts on the shield tail to the position above a transportation platform for enlarging a cavern under the action of a driving mechanism, and loading the parts into a flat car (300) and sequentially transporting the parts out of the cavern after rotating for 90 degrees.
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113605905B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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