CN114142224A - High-gain circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
High-gain circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114142224A CN114142224A CN202111446931.0A CN202111446931A CN114142224A CN 114142224 A CN114142224 A CN 114142224A CN 202111446931 A CN202111446931 A CN 202111446931A CN 114142224 A CN114142224 A CN 114142224A
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- pcb
- cylindrical cavity
- circularly polarized
- polarized antenna
- pcb portion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-gain circularly polarized antenna, which comprises a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged from top to bottom; the PCB structure part comprises a first PCB part, a second PCB part and a third PCB part which are stacked from top to bottom, the first PCB part is arranged in a second cylindrical cavity, the second PCB part and the third PCB part are arranged below the horn structure part, a circular metal patch is arranged on the first PCB part, a feed line is arranged on the lower surface of the second PCB part, and a feed probe penetrates through the first PCB part and the second PCB part to be connected with the circular metal patch and the feed line; the metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, the structure of the antenna is reasonable, and the current antenna processing process condition is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, the demand of circularly polarized antennas in engineering application is more vigorous, and the application demand of low-cost, expandable and high-performance millimeter wave circularly polarized antennas is rapidly increased. As frequencies increase, particularly in the millimeter wave band, dielectric losses of the printed circuit board have a greater effect on antenna gain. Metal antennas have low losses, but metal antennas are not easily integrated with PCB circuitry.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a high-gain circularly polarized antenna, which comprises a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged from top to bottom, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity; PCB structure portion includes first PCB portion, second PCB portion and the third PCB portion of extremely top-down range upon range of setting, first PCB portion sets up in the second cylindrical cavity, second PCB portion with third PCB portion sets up loudspeaker structure portion below, be provided with circular metal paster in the first PCB portion, second PCB portion lower surface is provided with the feed line, and the feed probe passes first PCB portion with second PCB portion is connected circular metal paster with the feed line.
Preferably, the first PCB portion includes two stacked layers of PCBs, two circular metal patches are disposed on the upper surfaces of the two PCBs, centers of circles of the two circular metal patches are disposed on an axis of the second cylindrical cavity, and a diameter of each circular metal patch is not greater than a diameter of the second cylindrical cavity.
Preferably, the height of the horn structure portion is greater than the thickness of the first PCB portion.
Preferably, the number of the feed probes is two, the two feed probe hole sites are perpendicular to the two connecting straight lines at the circle center of the circular metal patch, and the distance between the two feed probe hole sites and the circle center of the circular metal patch is the same.
The preferred, loudspeaker structure portion wholly sets up to cuboid metal block structure, first cylinder cavity with second cylinder cavity sets up the middle part of loudspeaker structure portion, the upper portion of loudspeaker structure portion is provided with the line of the seam of a plurality of cross distributions, the line of the seam degree of depth is less than the height of loudspeaker structure portion.
Preferably, the feeder lines are of a strip line structure, the two feeder probes are connected with the two feeder lines in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two feeder lines have the same size parameters, and the two feeder lines are of mutually symmetrical L-shaped structures.
Preferably, the feeder lines are respectively connected with the electric bridges through a gradient line, the gradient line includes a first connection section, a second connection section and a third connection section which are sequentially connected with the electric bridges from the feeder lines, and the widths of the first connection section, the second connection section and the third connection section are gradually increased.
Preferably, the bridge is a 90-degree "well" shaped bridge of a stripline structure.
Preferably, a plurality of metalized through holes are formed in the feeder line, the gradient line and the two sides of the bridge, and the metalized through holes penetrate through the second PCB part and the third PCB part.
Preferably, the first PCB, the second PCB and the third PCB are laminated and bonded by using prepregs, so as to form the multilayer PCB structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, the structure of the antenna is reasonable, and the current antenna processing process condition is met. In addition, the metal PCB antenna has good expansibility, can be periodically expanded into a phased array antenna, can be used for millimeter wave automobile radars, human body security check instruments and the like, and has high engineering application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 4 is a structural sectional view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the structure of the embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 6 is a structural side view of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the antenna reflection coefficient of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 8 is a vertical gain diagram of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 9 is a horizontal gain diagram of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 10 is an antenna axial ratio graph of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment.
The figures in the drawings represent:
1-a horn structure; 2-a first PCB section; 3-a second PCB section; 4-a third PCB section; 5-a feed probe; 6-metallized vias; 7-a feed line; 8-a gradient; 9-bridge; 11-a first cylindrical chamber; 12-a second cylindrical cavity; 13-the slot.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a perspective view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; fig. 3 is a structural plan view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna, and fig. 4 is a structural sectional view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
The high-gain circularly polarized antenna comprises a horn structure part 1 and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part 1 comprises a first cylindrical cavity 11 and a second cylindrical cavity 12 which are arranged from top to bottom, the first cylindrical cavity 11 and the second cylindrical cavity 12 are coaxially arranged, the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity 11 is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity 12, and therefore a two-stage cylindrical opening horn with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed in the horn structure part 1; PCB structural part includes first PCB portion 2, second PCB portion 3 and the third PCB portion 4 of extremely up-down range upon range of setting, first PCB portion 2 sets up in the second cylinder cavity 12, second PCB portion 3 with third PCB portion 4 sets up 1 below of loudspeaker structural part, be provided with circular metal paster on the first PCB portion 2, 3 lower surfaces of second PCB portion are provided with feed line 7, and feed probe 5 passes first PCB portion 2 with second PCB portion 3 is connected circular metal paster with feed line 7 realizes the feed of the antenna back.
Preferably, the first PCB part 2 includes two stacked layers of PCBs, the upper surfaces of the two PCBs are provided with circular metal patches, centers of circles of the two circular metal patches are disposed on an axis of the second cylindrical cavity 12, and a diameter of each circular metal patch is not greater than a diameter of the second cylindrical cavity 12. It is also worth pointing out that the first PCB part 2 may also be provided with only one layer of PCB board.
The height of the horn structure portion 1 is greater than the thickness of the first PCB portion 2.
Preferably, the number of the feed probes 5 is two, two connection straight lines of the hole sites of the feed probes 5 and the circle center of the circular metal patch are perpendicular to each other, and the distance between the hole sites of the feed probes 5 and the circle center of the circular metal patch is the same.
Loudspeaker structure portion 1 wholly sets up to cuboid metal block structure, first cylinder cavity 11 with second cylinder cavity 12 sets up loudspeaker structure portion 1's middle part forms through hollowing out in cuboid metal structure middle part promptly two-stage cylinder opening loudspeaker.
The upper portion of horn structure portion 1 is provided with a plurality of slots 13 that the cross distributes, slot 13 degree of depth is less than horn structure portion 1's height. The horn structure part 1 is in a cross symmetrical structure as a whole.
The feeder lines 7 are of a strip line structure, the feeder probes 5 are connected with the feeder lines 7 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two feeder lines 7 are identical in size parameter, and the two feeder lines 7 are of L-shaped structures which are symmetrical to each other, namely the feeder lines 7 are of L-shaped structures which are symmetrical to each other
And the middle line of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna is symmetrical left and right.
The feeder lines 7 are respectively connected with the electric bridges 9 through the gradual change lines 8, the gradual change lines 8 comprise a first connecting section, a second connecting section and a third connecting section which are sequentially connected from the feeder lines 7 to the electric bridges 9, and the widths of the first connecting section, the second connecting section and the third connecting section are gradually increased. The gradation line 8 of three-level width change is provided for adjusting the impedance matching of the feeder 7.
The electric bridge 9 adopts a 90-degree 'well' -shaped electric bridge with a strip line structure, so that the high-gain circularly polarized antenna has left and right circularly polarized switching capability.
A plurality of metalized through holes 6 are formed in the two sides of the feeder line 7, the gradient line 8 and the bridge 9, and the metalized through holes 6 penetrate through the second PCB portion 3 and the third PCB portion 4. By reasonably arranging the metalized through holes 6, the electromagnetic field transmitted by the transmission line and the electric bridge 9 is restricted in the internal space of the metalized through holes 6, so that the electromagnetic interference is reduced, and the transmission loss is reduced.
Preferably, prepregs are used for lamination bonding among the first PCB part 2, the second PCB part 3 and the third PCB part 4 to form the multilayer PCB structure part. The first PCB part 2, the second PCB part 3 and the third PCB part 4 may be laminated and bonded to each other as a multi-layer PCB, or may be a single-layer PCB.
Preferably, the PCB structure portion is provided with at least 2 positioning holes, and the bottom of the horn structure portion 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins corresponding to the positioning holes, so as to ensure the butt joint precision of the horn structure portion 1 and the PCB structure portion.
The metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, the structure of the antenna is reasonable, and the current antenna processing process condition is met. In addition, the metal PCB antenna has good expansibility, can be periodically expanded into a phased array antenna, can be used for millimeter wave automobile radars, human body security check instruments and the like, and has high engineering application value.
Examples
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, fig. 5 is a top view of the structure of the embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; fig. 6 is a structural side view of the embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
In the embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna working at 27 GHz-31 GHz is provided, and comprises 4 layers of Rogers 3003 microstrip plates with the thickness of 0.254mm, the thickness of copper-clad layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of each layer of microstrip plate is 17.5um, and adjacent microstrip plates are bonded by adopting 0.1mm prepregs.
This antenna upper portion adopts the aluminum product processing preparation big lower part in upper portion cylinder horn structure, 1 upper portion of horn structure portion opens 9 line mouths 13 that the cross was arranged, and two-layer PCB board in upper portion is circular, inside the little cylinder horn structure in embedding lower part, and two-layer PCB board in lower part are the rectangle, are located metal horn structure below.
The upper surface copper-clad pattern of the upper two layers of PCB boards is a circular patch, and two metal feed probes 5 connecting the upper copper-clad circular patch and two strip line feed lines 7 in the lower two layers of PCB boards are two cylindrical metalized via holes 6.
Two strip line feed lines 7 positioned on the lower surface of the third layer PCB are respectively interconnected with two upper arms of a 'well' -shaped 90-degree feed bridge 9 through a triple gradient 8.
Two lower arms of the 'well' -shaped 90-degree feed bridge 9 are used as antenna input ends, and when the two lower input ends are independently and respectively excited independently, the antenna has the capability of switching left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization.
The main dimensional parameters of the antenna elements are shown in fig. 5 and 6 below, in mm. In the lower two-layer PCB board 35 metallized vias 6 are provided for isolating the individual feed lines 7.
The reflection coefficient (S11), gain and axial ratio results of the millimeter-wave antenna of the embodiment are shown in fig. 7-10, and fig. 7 is a reflection coefficient diagram of the high-gain circular polarized antenna of the embodiment; FIG. 8 is a vertical gain diagram of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; FIG. 9 is a horizontal gain diagram of an embodiment of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; fig. 10 is an antenna axial ratio graph of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-gain circularly polarized antenna is characterized by comprising a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged from top to bottom, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity; PCB structure portion includes first PCB portion, second PCB portion and the third PCB portion of extremely top-down range upon range of setting, first PCB portion sets up in the second cylindrical cavity, second PCB portion with third PCB portion sets up loudspeaker structure portion below, be provided with circular metal paster in the first PCB portion, second PCB portion lower surface is provided with the feed line, and the feed probe passes first PCB portion with second PCB portion is connected circular metal paster with the feed line.
2. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first PCB portion comprises two stacked layers of PCBs, the circular metal patches are disposed on the upper surfaces of the two PCBs, the centers of the two circular metal patches are disposed on the axis of the second cylindrical cavity, and the diameter of each circular metal patch is not greater than the diameter of the second cylindrical cavity.
3. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the height of the horn structure is greater than the thickness of the first PCB.
4. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein two feeding probes are provided, and two connecting lines of the feeding probe hole sites and the center of the circular metal patch are perpendicular to each other, and the two feeding probe hole sites are at the same distance from the center of the circular metal patch.
5. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the horn structure is a rectangular metal block, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are disposed in the middle of the horn structure, a plurality of slots are disposed on the upper portion of the horn structure in a crisscross manner, and the depth of the slot is smaller than the height of the horn structure.
6. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein said feeding lines are in a strip line structure, two feeding probes are connected with two feeding lines in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two feeding lines have the same size parameter, and are arranged in an L-shaped structure symmetrical to each other.
7. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna according to claim 5, wherein the feeding lines are connected to the bridges respectively by a gradient line, the gradient line includes a first connection section, a second connection section, and a third connection section which are connected in sequence from the feeding lines to the bridges, and the widths of the first connection section, the second connection section, and the third connection section are gradually increased.
8. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein said bridge is a 90 degree "well" shaped bridge in a stripline configuration.
9. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 7, wherein said feeder line, said gradually-changing line and said bridge are provided with a plurality of metallized through holes on both sides, and said metallized through holes penetrate through said second PCB portion and said third PCB portion.
10. The high-gain circular polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first PCB portion, the second PCB portion and the third PCB portion are laminated and bonded by using prepregs to form the multilayer PCB structure portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111446931.0A CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111446931.0A CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114142224A true CN114142224A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114142224B CN114142224B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| CN202111446931.0A Active CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
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