CN114142224B - High-gain circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
High-gain circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114142224B CN114142224B CN202111446931.0A CN202111446931A CN114142224B CN 114142224 B CN114142224 B CN 114142224B CN 202111446931 A CN202111446931 A CN 202111446931A CN 114142224 B CN114142224 B CN 114142224B
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- pcb
- cylindrical cavity
- circularly polarized
- polarized antenna
- antenna
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-gain circularly polarized antenna, which comprises a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged up and down, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity; the PCB structure part comprises a first PCB part, a second PCB part and a third PCB part which are arranged in a stacked manner from top to bottom, the first PCB part is arranged in the second cylindrical cavity, the second PCB part and the third PCB part are arranged below the horn structure part, a circular metal patch is arranged on the first PCB part, a feeder line is arranged on the lower surface of the second PCB part, and a feed probe penetrates through the first PCB part and the second PCB part to be connected with the circular metal patch and the feeder line; the metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, and the antenna provided by the invention has a reasonable structure and meets the current antenna processing process conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, the requirements of circularly polarized antennas in engineering application are increasing, and the application requirements of low-cost, expandable and high-performance millimeter wave circularly polarized antennas are growing rapidly. As frequencies increase, particularly in the millimeter wave band, dielectric losses in printed circuit boards have a greater impact on antenna gain. Metal antennas have low losses, but metal antennas are not easily integrated with PCB circuitry.
In view of the above drawbacks, the present inventors have finally achieved the present invention through long-time studies and practices.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the high-gain circularly polarized antenna comprises a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged up and down, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity; the PCB structure portion comprises a first PCB portion, a second PCB portion and a third PCB portion which are stacked up and down, the first PCB portion is arranged in the second cylindrical cavity, the second PCB portion and the third PCB portion are arranged below the horn structure portion, a circular metal patch is arranged on the first PCB portion, a feeder line is arranged on the lower surface of the second PCB portion, and a feeder probe penetrates through the first PCB portion and the second PCB portion to connect the circular metal patch with the feeder line.
Preferably, the first PCB part comprises two layers of laminated PCBs, two circular metal patches are arranged on the upper surfaces of the PCBs, the circle centers of the circular metal patches are arranged on the axis of the second cylindrical cavity, and the diameter of the circular metal patches is not larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity.
Preferably, the height of the horn structure portion is greater than the thickness of the first PCB portion.
Preferably, the number of the feed probes is two, the two connecting straight lines of the feed probe hole sites and the circle centers of the circular metal patches are mutually perpendicular, and the distances between the two feed probe hole sites and the circle centers of the circular metal patches are the same.
Preferably, the whole cuboid metal block structure that sets up of loudspeaker structure portion, first cylinder cavity with the second cylinder cavity sets up loudspeaker structure portion's middle part, loudspeaker structure portion's upper portion is provided with a plurality of crisscross distributed's slot, slot degree of depth is less than loudspeaker structure portion's height.
Preferably, the feeder is in a strip line structure, the two feeder probes are connected with the two feeder wires in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two feeder wires have the same size parameters, and the two feeder wires are arranged in an L-shaped structure which is symmetrical to each other.
Preferably, the feeder lines are connected with the bridge through gradient lines, the gradient lines comprise a first connecting section, a second connecting section and a third connecting section, the first connecting section, the second connecting section and the third connecting section are sequentially connected with the bridge through the feeder lines, and the widths of the first connecting section, the second connecting section and the third connecting section are gradually increased.
Preferably, the bridge is a 90 degree "well" bridge of stripline configuration.
Preferably, the feeder line, the gradual change line and two sides of the bridge are provided with a plurality of metallized through holes, and the metallized through holes penetrate through the second PCB part and the third PCB part.
Preferably, the first PCB portion, the second PCB portion and the third PCB portion are laminated and bonded by using prepregs, so as to form a multi-layer PCB structure portion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, and the antenna provided by the invention has a reasonable structure and meets the current antenna processing process conditions. In addition, the metal PCB antenna has good expansibility, can be periodically expanded into a phased array antenna, can be used for millimeter wave automobile radars, human body security detectors and the like, and has higher engineering application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 5 is a top view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment;
fig. 6 is a structural side view of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the antenna reflection coefficient of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a vertical gain plot of an embodiment of the high gain circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 9 is a horizontal gain plot of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment;
fig. 10 is an antenna axial ratio graph of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment.
The figures represent the numbers:
1-horn structure section; 2-a first PCB section; 3-a second PCB section; 4-a third PCB section; 5-feeding the probe; 6-metallizing the via hole; 7-feeder lines; 8-a gradual change line; 9-bridge; 11-a first cylindrical cavity; 12-a second cylindrical cavity; 13-slot.
Detailed Description
The above and further technical features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a perspective view of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; fig. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna; fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna, and fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
The high-gain circularly polarized antenna comprises a horn structure part 1 and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part 1 comprises a first cylindrical cavity 11 and a second cylindrical cavity 12 which are arranged from top to bottom, the first cylindrical cavity 11 and the second cylindrical cavity 12 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity 11 is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity 12, so that a two-stage cylindrical opening horn with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed in the horn structure part 1; the PCB structure portion comprises a first PCB portion 2, a second PCB portion 3 and a third PCB portion 4 which are stacked up and down, the first PCB portion 2 is arranged in a second cylindrical cavity 12, the second PCB portion 3 and the third PCB portion 4 are arranged below the horn structure portion 1, a circular metal patch is arranged on the first PCB portion 2, a feeder line 7 is arranged on the lower surface of the second PCB portion 3, and a feed probe 5 penetrates through the first PCB portion 2 and the second PCB portion 3 to connect the circular metal patch with the feeder line 7, so that back feeding of an antenna is achieved.
Preferably, the first PCB 2 includes two layers of laminated PCBs, two circular metal patches are disposed on the upper surface of the PCBs, and the centers of the two circular metal patches are disposed on the axis of the second cylindrical cavity 12, and the diameter of the circular metal patches is not greater than the diameter of the second cylindrical cavity 12. It should be noted that only one layer of PCB board may be provided on the first PCB section 2.
The horn structure portion 1 has a height greater than the thickness of the first PCB portion 2.
Preferably, the number of the feeding probes 5 is two, two connecting straight lines between the positions of the feeding probes 5 and the circle center of the circular metal patch are mutually perpendicular, and the distances between the positions of the feeding probes 5 and the circle center of the circular metal patch are the same.
The whole horn structure portion 1 sets up to cuboid metal cubic structure, first cylinder cavity 11 with the second cylinder cavity 12 sets up the middle part of horn structure portion 1, promptly forms through hollowing in cuboid metal structure middle part the two-stage cylinder opening loudspeaker.
The upper part of the horn structure part 1 is provided with a plurality of crisscross distributed slots 13, and the depth of the slots 13 is smaller than the height of the horn structure part 1. The horn structure portion 1 is integrally in a cross symmetrical structure.
The feeder lines 7 are in a strip line structure, the feeder probes 5 and the feeder lines 7 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, the two feeder lines 7 have the same size parameters, and the two feeder lines 7 are arranged in an L-shaped structure which is symmetrical with each other, namelyAnd the middle line of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna is symmetric left and right.
The feeder 7 is connected with the bridge 9 through a gradient line 8, the gradient line 8 comprises a first connecting section, a second connecting section and a third connecting section which are sequentially connected from the feeder 7 to the bridge 9, and the widths of the first connecting section, the second connecting section and the third connecting section are gradually increased. By providing a gradation line 8 with three-level width change, impedance matching of the power feeding line 7 is adjusted.
The bridge 9 adopts a 90-degree 'well' -shaped bridge with a strip line structure, so that the high-gain circularly polarized antenna has left and right circularly polarized switching capability.
Both sides of the feeder 7, the gradient line 8 and the bridge 9 are provided with a plurality of metallized via holes 6, and the metallized via holes 6 penetrate through the second PCB section 3 and the third PCB section 4. By reasonably arranging the metallized via holes 6, the electromagnetic field transmitted by the transmission line and the bridge 9 is restrained in the inner space of the metallized via holes 6, so that electromagnetic interference is reduced, and transmission loss is reduced.
Preferably, the first PCB section 2, the second PCB section 3 and the third PCB section 4 are laminated and bonded by using prepregs, so as to form a multi-layered PCB structure. The first PCB portion 2, the second PCB portion 3 and the third PCB portion 4 may be laminated and bonded by a multi-layer PCB board, or may be a single-layer PCB board.
Preferably, the PCB structure part is provided with at least 2 positioning holes, and the bottom of the horn structure part 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins corresponding to the positioning holes, so that the butt joint precision of the horn structure part 1 and the PCB structure part is ensured.
The metal and PCB antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the PCB antenna is easy to integrate with an active system and the radiation efficiency of the metal antenna is high, and the antenna provided by the invention has a reasonable structure and meets the current antenna processing process conditions. In addition, the metal PCB antenna has good expansibility, can be periodically expanded into a phased array antenna, can be used for millimeter wave automobile radars, human body security detectors and the like, and has higher engineering application value.
Examples
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a top view of the structure of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment; fig. 6 is a structural side view of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment.
In this embodiment, a millimeter wave antenna operating at 27 GHz-31 GHz is provided, which includes 4 layers of Rogers 3003 microstrip boards with a thickness of 0.254mm, the thickness of copper-clad layers on the upper and lower surfaces of each microstrip board is 17.5um, and adjacent microstrip boards are bonded by using a prepreg with a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The upper part of the antenna adopts aluminum material to process and prepare a cylindrical horn structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, 9 slots 13 which are arranged in a crisscross manner are formed in the upper part of the horn structure part 1, two layers of PCB boards on the upper part are circular and embedded into the cylindrical horn structure with a small lower part, and the two layers of PCB boards on the lower part are rectangular and are positioned below the metal horn structure.
The upper surface copper-clad pattern of the upper two-layer PCB is a circular patch, and two metal feed probes 5 connecting the upper copper-clad circular patch and two strip line feed lines 7 in the lower two-layer PCB are two cylindrical metallized through holes 6.
Two strip line feed lines 7 positioned on the lower surface of the third layer PCB are respectively interconnected with two arms at the upper part of a 'well' -shaped 90-degree feed bridge 9 through three times of gradual change lines 8.
The two arms at the lower part of the well-shaped 90-degree feed bridge 9 are used as antenna input ends, and when the two input ends at the lower part are independently excited respectively, the antenna has the left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization switching capability.
The main dimension parameters of the antenna element are shown in figures 5 and 6 below, in mm. 35 metallized vias 6 are provided in the lower two-layer PCB board for isolating individual feed lines 7.
The reflection coefficient (S11), gain and axial ratio results of the millimeter wave antenna of the embodiment are shown in fig. 7-10, and fig. 7 is an antenna reflection coefficient diagram of the high-gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment after simulation calculation; FIG. 8 is a vertical gain plot of an embodiment of the high gain circularly polarized antenna; FIG. 9 is a horizontal gain plot of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment; fig. 10 is an antenna axial ratio graph of the high gain circularly polarized antenna embodiment.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to be limiting. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that many variations, modifications, and even equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna is characterized by comprising a horn structure part and a PCB structure part, wherein the horn structure part comprises a first cylindrical cavity and a second cylindrical cavity which are arranged up and down, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the first cylindrical cavity is larger than that of the second cylindrical cavity; the PCB structure part comprises a first PCB part, a second PCB part and a third PCB part which are arranged in a stacked manner from top to bottom, the first PCB part is arranged in the second cylindrical cavity, the second PCB part and the third PCB part are arranged below the horn structure part, a circular metal patch is arranged on the first PCB part, a feeder line is arranged on the lower surface of the second PCB part, and a feeder probe penetrates through the first PCB part and the second PCB part to connect the circular metal patch and the feeder line;
the loudspeaker is characterized in that the loudspeaker structure part is integrally arranged into a cuboid metal block structure, the first cylindrical cavity and the second cylindrical cavity are arranged in the middle of the loudspeaker structure part, a plurality of slots distributed in a crisscross manner are formed in the upper part of the loudspeaker structure part, and the depth of the slots is smaller than the height of the loudspeaker structure part.
2. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first PCB comprises two layers of laminated PCBs, the circular metal patches are disposed on the upper surfaces of the two layers of PCBs, the centers of the circles of the two layers of circular metal patches are disposed on the axis of the second cylindrical cavity, and the diameter of the circular metal patches is not greater than the diameter of the second cylindrical cavity.
3. The high gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the horn structure portion has a height greater than a thickness of the first PCB portion.
4. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein the number of the feed probes is two, and two connecting straight lines of the feed probe hole sites and the circle centers of the circular metal patches are mutually perpendicular, and the distances between the two feed probe hole sites and the circle centers of the circular metal patches are the same.
5. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein the feed line has a strip line structure, the two feed probes are connected to the two feed lines in one-to-one correspondence, and the two feed lines have the same size parameter, and the two feed lines are arranged in an L-shaped structure symmetrical to each other.
6. The high-gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed lines are connected to the bridge by respective gradation lines, the gradation lines include a first connection section, a second connection section, a third connection section, which are sequentially connected to the bridge by the feed lines, and widths of the first connection section, the second connection section, the third connection section are gradually increased.
7. The high gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 6 wherein the bridge is a 90 degree "well" bridge of stripline configuration.
8. The high gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein both sides of the feed line, the taper line, and the bridge are provided with a plurality of metallized vias, the metallized vias extending through the second PCB portion and the third PCB portion.
9. The high gain circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first PCB section, the second PCB section and the third PCB section are laminated bonded using prepreg therebetween to form the multi-layered PCB structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111446931.0A CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111446931.0A CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114142224A CN114142224A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114142224B true CN114142224B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111446931.0A Active CN114142224B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | High-gain circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN114142224B (en) |
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| US9431715B1 (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-30 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Compact wide band, flared horn antenna with launchers for generating circular polarized sum and difference patterns |
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| CN213782260U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-07-23 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | Wide-bandwidth wave beam millimeter wave antenna |
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| US6720933B2 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2004-04-13 | Raytheon Company | Dual band satellite communications antenna feed |
| US7057572B2 (en) * | 2002-11-02 | 2006-06-06 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Horn antenna system having a strip line feeding structure |
| CN101645538B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2012-11-14 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Low-sidelobe horn antennas of micro-strip excitation |
| CN108736163B (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2020-09-11 | 东南大学 | Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna |
| EP3888185B1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2024-04-24 | Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd. | Dual end-fed broadside leaky-wave antenna |
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| CN216529333U (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-05-13 | 安徽大学 | Circularly polarized antenna structure |
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2021
- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111446931.0A patent/CN114142224B/en active Active
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| US9431715B1 (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2016-08-30 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Compact wide band, flared horn antenna with launchers for generating circular polarized sum and difference patterns |
| CN108346861A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-07-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of high efficiency broadband horn array antenna |
| CN213782260U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-07-23 | 博微太赫兹信息科技有限公司 | Wide-bandwidth wave beam millimeter wave antenna |
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| CN114142224A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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