CN114137184A - Walking and inclining mode simulation test device with variable active fault inclination angle and working method - Google Patents
Walking and inclining mode simulation test device with variable active fault inclination angle and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114137184A CN114137184A CN202111408500.5A CN202111408500A CN114137184A CN 114137184 A CN114137184 A CN 114137184A CN 202111408500 A CN202111408500 A CN 202111408500A CN 114137184 A CN114137184 A CN 114137184A
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a walking and inclining sliding mode simulation test device with a variable movable fault inclination angle and a working method. The invention can realize both the sliding fault motion and the inclined fault motion, and can also realize the sliding fault motion and the inclined fault motion during walking; the invention can change the fault dip angle and can carry out experiments under various working conditions; the invention carries out the dislocation by the dislocation zone, is more suitable for the actual situation of the fault motion than the prior model box only carrying out the dislocation of the dislocation surface, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of test devices, and particularly relates to a walking and inclining mode simulation test device capable of changing an inclination angle of a movable fault and a working method.
Background
In China, geological conditions are complex, active faults are widely distributed, more and more traffic engineering is developed along with the active faults, and particularly, a large-length tunnel is developed, so that a plurality of tunnels inevitably pass through active mountain faults. When the fault is dislocated, the tunnel is often damaged, such as cracking of a lining, collapse inside the tunnel, tunnel fracture and the like, and particularly under the action of earthquake damage, the damage is more serious. Aiming at the damage research of the tunnel crossing the active fault, numerous scholars at home and abroad summarize three research means, namely theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model experiment. The model experiment is the most intuitive, reliable and accurate method for researching the damage of the fault to the tunnel. The principle of the model experiment is that a similar theory is utilized, actual engineering is reduced to a certain size, similar surrounding rock and a tunnel model are arranged in a specific space of a model box, fault movement is simulated, and then the damage condition of the tunnel model is observed.
At present, scholars at home and abroad make a great deal of research on physical model experiments of tunnel crossing active faults, such as Liu's increase, Yao, Gunn duckweed, Xinchunlei and the like, and carry out similar experiments; foreign scholars mainly use geotechnical centrifuges for research. As can be seen from the research content of the scholars, the research content of the scholars mostly only considers single factors, such as inclination angles, fault widths, forward and backward motion forms and the like. The fault motion is a complex geological motion, and usually has both walking slip and inclining slip, and the inclination angle and the width of the fault are also changed continuously; the part between the upper and lower plates of the fault is a fault zone with a certain width. The above experimental studies are all simplified into one plane, which is not in accordance with the actual situation. The current research results are mainly researched aiming at single factors, the designed model box has fewer considered factors, the experiment can only be carried out under one working condition, and the research result is more limited. Therefore, it is necessary to design a model box which can simulate the sliding and inclining movement and change the fault inclination angle and the width of the crushing belt simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the tunnel crossing active fault anti-fault-breaking test in the conventional device, and provides a walking and tilting mode simulation test device with a variable active fault inclination angle and a working method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the walking and inclining slip form simulation test device with the variable movable fault inclination angle comprises a ground supporting platform, wherein a supporting platform and a settling platform are arranged on the ground supporting platform, a walking slip form box is arranged on a fixed supporting platform, a walking sliding pushing device is arranged on one side of the fixed supporting platform and used for pushing the walking slip form box to move horizontally, an inclining slip form box is arranged on the settling platform, a plurality of electric cylinders are arranged at the bottom of the settling platform, all the electric cylinders are connected with a control unit, an inclining slip counter-force device is arranged beside the settling platform and used for pushing the inclining slip form box to move on the settling platform, the walking slip form box and the inclining slip form box are connected through a variable inclination angle device, an anti-falling wall is arranged on the supporting platform, pulleys are arranged on the wall surface of the anti-falling wall and can be in contact with the walking slip form box, and the tops of the inclined sliding mode mould box and the walking sliding mode mould box are provided with a loading pressurizing device.
The fixed supporting platform is provided with a plurality of pulleys, the bottom of the sliding formwork type box is provided with a transverse guide rail, and the transverse guide rail is arranged on the pulleys on the fixed supporting platform.
The sliding pushing device comprises a first counter-force wall and a plurality of sliding pushing electric cylinders, the bottoms of the sliding pushing electric cylinders are fixed on the wall surface of the first counter-force wall, and the other ends of the sliding pushing electric cylinders are in contact with the sliding mould box.
The settling platform is provided with a plurality of pulleys, the bottom of the inclined sliding mode box is provided with a longitudinal sliding rail, and the longitudinal sliding rail is arranged on the pulleys on the settling platform.
The inclined-sliding counter-force device comprises a second counter-force wall and a plurality of inclined-sliding pushing electric cylinders, the bottoms of the inclined-sliding pushing electric cylinders are fixed on the wall surface of the second counter-force wall, and the other ends of the inclined-sliding pushing electric cylinders are in contact with the inclined-sliding mould box.
The variable inclination angle device comprises two groups of joint plates, the two groups of joint plates are fixed with side plates on two sides of the sliding mode box and the inclined sliding mode box respectively through clamping plates, and the joint plates of the sliding mode box and the joint plates of the inclined sliding mode box are connected through rubber plates.
The walking slip form mould box and the inclined slip form mould box are both provided with observation holes.
And reinforcing steel plates are uniformly distributed on the side plates of the walking slip form mould box and the inclined slip form mould box.
A working method of a walking and tilting mode simulation test device with a variable active fault dip angle comprises the following steps:
adjusting the height of an electric cylinder below the settling platform, and adjusting the settling platform and the fixed supporting platform to the same height;
according to test requirements, filling surrounding rock materials in a walking sliding mode mould box and a pouring sliding mode mould box, placing a tunnel model, and laying a monitoring system;
according to the test requirements, selecting a fault angle, controlling an electric cylinder by a control unit to adjust the inclination angle of a settlement platform, starting a sliding pushing device to push a sliding formwork box to slide on a fixed supporting platform, starting an inclined sliding counterforce device to push the inclined sliding formwork box to move along the fault angle, and starting a loading pressurizing device to pressurize the tops of the sliding formwork box and the inclined sliding formwork box;
and stopping the sliding pushing device, the tilting counter-force device and the overload pressurizing device after the sliding mould box and the tilting mould box reach the positions required by the test and reach the required pressure value, and finishing the test.
And after the test is finished, uploading the data of the monitoring system, taking out the tunnel model, and observing the tunnel damage condition.
Compared with the prior art, the test device provided by the invention has the advantages that the sliding mode box is pushed to move horizontally by the sliding pushing device, the settlement platform is controlled by the electric cylinder, the inclined sliding mode box is pushed to move on the settlement platform by the inclined sliding counterforce device, the model box is moved, when the inclination angle is changed, the bolts of the clamping plates are firstly disassembled, the clamping plates are changed into the joint plates with different angles, the bolts are installed, the inclination angle of the model box can be changed, the upper parts of the sliding mode box and the inclined sliding mode box are additionally provided with the upper loading pressurizing devices, the high ground stress of a tunnel in a fault can be simulated, and more working conditions can be designed compared with the conventional experimental model box. The invention can realize both the sliding fault motion and the inclined fault motion, and can also realize the sliding fault motion and the inclined fault motion during walking; the support platform is provided with the anti-dumping wall, and the wall surface of the anti-dumping wall is provided with the pulleys, so that the sliding mode box can be kept stable during sliding movement without side turning, and the sliding mode box can be subjected to small friction force; the invention can change the fault dip angle and can carry out experiments under various working conditions; the invention carries out the dislocation by the dislocation zone, is more suitable for the actual situation of the fault motion than the prior model box only carrying out the dislocation of the dislocation surface, and has wide application prospect.
Furthermore, the two groups of common splicing plates are connected by adopting the rubber plates, so that the middle shear band between the upper and lower discs of the fault can be simulated, the previous model experiment only simplifies the part into one surface, but in the actual engineering, the width of the fault movement fracture band between the upper and lower discs is not ignored. The device takes the situation into consideration and is more suitable for the actual situation.
According to the method, the fault angle can be selected according to test requirements, the electric cylinder is controlled to adjust the inclination angle of the settlement platform, the sliding pushing device is started to push the sliding mode box to slide on the fixed supporting platform, the inclined sliding counterforce device is started to push the inclined sliding mode box to move along the fault angle, and the overburden loading pressurizing device is started to pressurize the tops of the sliding mode box and the inclined sliding mode box, so that the method has important significance for researching the damage mode and the anti-fault-breakage facility condition of the tunnel passing through different forms of movable faults.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a slope angle diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a slope angle diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic of the present invention;
the device comprises a fixed supporting platform, a settlement platform, a sliding mode walking box, a sliding mode inclining box, a sliding mode walking box, a sliding pushing device, an electric cylinder, a sliding counterforce device, a variable inclination angle device, a transverse guide rail, a first counterforce wall, a sliding pushing electric cylinder, a longitudinal slide rail, a second counterforce wall, a sliding pushing electric cylinder, a longitudinal slide rail, a clamping plate, a rubber plate, a ground supporting platform, a tilting prevention wall, and a loading device, wherein the sliding mode walking box comprises 1, a fixed supporting platform, 2, a settlement platform, 3, a sliding mode walking box, 4, a tilting mode sliding box, 5, a sliding pushing electric cylinder, 6, an electric cylinder, 7, a tilting counterforce device, 8, a variable inclination angle device, a transverse guide rail, 10, a first counterforce wall, 11, a sliding pushing electric cylinder, a longitudinal slide rail, a second counterforce wall, 14, a tilting pushing electric cylinder, a common splicing plate, a 16, a clamping plate, a rubber plate, a ground supporting platform, a 19, an anti-tilting prevention wall and a loading device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the walking and inclining sliding mode simulation test device with the variable movable fault inclination angle comprises a ground supporting platform 18, wherein a supporting platform 1 and a settling platform 2 are arranged on the ground supporting platform 18, a walking sliding mode box 3 is arranged on a fixed supporting platform 1, a walking sliding pushing device 5 is arranged on one side of the fixed supporting platform 1, the walking sliding pushing device 5 is used for pushing the walking sliding mode box 3 to move horizontally, an inclining sliding mode box 4 is arranged on the settling platform 2, a plurality of electric cylinders 6 are arranged at the bottom of the settling platform 2, all the electric cylinders 6 are connected with a control unit, an inclining sliding counterforce device 7 is arranged beside the settling platform 2, the inclining sliding counterforce device 7 is used for pushing the inclining sliding mode box 4 to move on the settling platform 2, and the walking sliding mode box 3 and the inclining sliding mode box 4 are connected through a variable inclination angle device 8. The variable inclination angle device 8 comprises two groups of common splicing plates 15, the two groups of common splicing plates 15 are respectively fixed with the side plates at two sides of the sliding mode box 3 and the inclined sliding mode box 4 through clamping plates 16, and the common splicing plates 15 of the sliding mode box 3 and the common splicing plates 15 of the inclined sliding mode box 4 are connected through rubber plates 16. The bottom of the rubber sheet 16 is aligned with the seam between the fixed support platform 1 and the settling platform 2. And observation holes are formed in the center positions of the end box walls of the walking slip form box 3 and the inclined slip form box 4 and are used for observing the tunnel. Reinforcing steel plates are uniformly distributed on side plates of the walking slip form box 3 and the inclined slip form box 4, an anti-dumping wall 19 is arranged on the supporting platform 1, pulleys are arranged on the wall surface of the anti-dumping wall 19 and can be in contact with the walking slip form box 3, and the tops of the inclined slip form box 4 and the walking slip form box 3 are provided with overburden loading and pressurizing devices 20 which can simulate high ground stress of a tunnel in a fault.
The fixed supporting platform 1 is provided with a plurality of pulleys, the bottom of the sliding formwork type box 3 is provided with a transverse guide rail 9, and the transverse guide rail 9 is arranged on the pulleys on the fixed supporting platform 1. The sliding pushing device 5 comprises a first reaction wall 10 and a plurality of sliding pushing electric cylinders 11, the bottoms of the sliding pushing electric cylinders 11 are fixed on the wall surface of the first reaction wall 10, and the other ends of the sliding pushing electric cylinders are in contact with the sliding mould box 3.
The settling platform 2 is provided with a plurality of pulleys, the bottom of the inclined sliding mould type box 4 is provided with a longitudinal sliding rail 12, and the longitudinal sliding rail 12 is arranged on the pulleys on the settling platform 2. The inclined sliding counterforce device 7 comprises a second counterforce wall 13 and a plurality of inclined sliding pushing electric cylinders 14, the bottoms of the inclined sliding pushing electric cylinders 14 are fixed on the wall surface of the second counterforce wall 13, and the other ends of the inclined sliding pushing electric cylinders are in contact with the inclined sliding mould box 4.
A working method of a walking and tilting mode simulation test device with a variable active fault dip angle comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the height of the electric cylinder 6 below the settling platform 2, and adjusting the settling platform 2 and the fixed supporting platform 1 to the same height;
s2, filling surrounding rock filling materials in the walking sliding mode box 3 and the inclined sliding mode box 4 according to test requirements, placing a tunnel model, and laying a monitoring system;
s3, selecting a fault angle according to test requirements, controlling the electric cylinder 6 to adjust the height of the settling platform 2 by the control unit, starting the sliding pushing device 5 to push the sliding mould box 3 to slide on the fixed supporting platform 1, starting the inclined sliding counterforce device 7 to push the inclined sliding mould box 4 to move along the fault angle, and starting the overburden loading pressurizing device 20 to pressurize the tops of the sliding mould box 3 and the inclined sliding mould box 4; the electric cylinder 6 can control the pushing speed and displacement, and meets the requirements of simulating fault motion.
And S4, stopping the sliding pushing device 5, the inclined sliding counterforce device 7 and the overlying load pressurizing device 20 after the sliding mould box 3 and the inclined sliding mould box 4 reach the positions required by the test, and completing the test.
S5, if the inclination angle needs to be changed, the bolts of the clamping plates 16 are firstly disassembled, the clamping plates are disassembled, the common splicing plates 15 with different angles are changed, then the bolts are installed, and the inclination angle of the model box can be changed.
And S6, uploading the data of the monitoring system after the test is finished, taking out the tunnel model, and observing the tunnel damage condition.
If the experiment is performed again, S2 to S6 are repeated.
The intermediate connection portion tap plate 15 and the rubber band 17 may be modified and removed. The clamp plate 16 is removable and is attached to the box by bolts which can be cyclically removed and installed. When the inclination angle is to be changed, the clamping plates are disassembled, the common splicing plates 15 with different angles are replaced, then the bolts are installed, and the inclination angle of the model box can be changed.
Claims (10)
1. A walking and inclining sliding mode simulation test device with a variable movable fault inclination angle is characterized by comprising a ground supporting platform (18), wherein a supporting platform (1) and a settling platform (2) are arranged on the ground supporting platform (18), a walking sliding mode box (3) is arranged on a fixed supporting platform (1), a walking sliding pushing device (5) is arranged on one side of the fixed supporting platform (1), the walking sliding pushing device (5) is used for pushing the walking sliding mode box (3) to move horizontally, an inclining sliding mode box (4) is arranged on the settling platform (2), a plurality of electric cylinders (6) are arranged at the bottom of the settling platform (2), all the electric cylinders (6) are connected with a control unit, an inclining sliding counter-force device (7) is arranged beside the settling platform (2), and the inclining sliding counter-force device (7) is used for pushing the inclining sliding mode box (4) to move on the settling platform (2), the walking slip form type box (3) is connected with the pouring slip form type box (4) through a variable inclination angle device (8), an anti-dumping wall (19) is arranged on the supporting platform (1), a pulley is arranged on the wall surface of the anti-dumping wall (19), the pulley can be in contact with the walking slip form type box (3), and the tops of the pouring slip form type box (4) and the pouring slip form type box (3) are provided with a overload pressurizing device (20).
2. A walking and tilting mode simulation test device with variable active fault dip angle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of pulleys are arranged on the fixed supporting platform (1), a transverse guide rail (9) is arranged at the bottom of the walking and sliding mode box (3), and the transverse guide rail (9) is arranged on the pulleys on the fixed supporting platform (1).
3. The walking and tilting mode simulation test device for the variable active fault dip angle according to claim 1, wherein the walking and sliding pushing device (5) comprises a first counterforce wall (10) and a plurality of walking and sliding pushing electric cylinders (11), the bottoms of the walking and sliding pushing electric cylinders (11) are fixed on the wall surface of the first counterforce wall (10), and the other ends of the walking and sliding mode simulation test device are in contact with the walking and sliding mode box (3).
4. The walking and tilting mode simulation test device for variable active fault dip angle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of pulleys are arranged on the settling platform (2), a longitudinal slide rail (12) is arranged at the bottom of the tilting mode box (4), and the longitudinal slide rail (12) is arranged on the pulleys on the settling platform (2).
5. The walking and tilting mode simulation test device for the inclination angle of the variable active fault according to claim 1, is characterized in that the tilting counterforce device (7) comprises a second counterforce wall (13) and a plurality of tilting and pushing electric cylinders (14), the bottoms of the tilting and pushing electric cylinders (14) are fixed on the wall surface of the second counterforce wall (13), and the other ends of the tilting and pushing electric cylinders are in contact with the tilting mode box (4).
6. The walking and tilting mode simulation test device for the variable active fault dip angle according to claim 1, characterized in that the variable dip angle device (8) comprises two groups of common splicing plates (15), the two groups of common splicing plates (15) are respectively fixed with the two side plates of the walking and tilting mode box (3) and the two side plates of the tilting mode box (4) through clamping plates and bolts (16), and the common splicing plates (15) of the walking and tilting mode box (3) are connected with the common splicing plates (15) of the tilting mode box (4) through rubber plates (17).
7. The walking and inclining mode simulation test device for the inclination angle of the variable active fault according to claim 1, characterized in that the walking and inclining mode box (3) and the inclining mode box (4) are both provided with observation holes.
8. The walking and tilting mode simulation test device for the variable active fault dip angle according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing steel plates are uniformly distributed on the side plates of the walking and tilting mode box (3) and the tilting mode box (4).
9. The method of operating a variable active fault dip walk, tilt mode simulation test apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
adjusting the height of the electric cylinder (6) below the settling platform (2), and adjusting the settling platform (2) and the fixed supporting platform (1) to the same height;
according to test requirements, filling surrounding rock materials in the walking sliding mode profile box (3) and the pouring sliding mode profile box (4), placing a tunnel model, and laying a monitoring system;
according to test requirements, selecting a fault angle, controlling an electric cylinder (6) by a control unit to adjust a settlement platform (2), starting a sliding pushing device (5) to push a sliding mode box (3) to slide on a fixed supporting platform (1), starting an inclined sliding counterforce device (7) to push an inclined sliding mode box (4) to move along the fault angle, and starting a overburden loading pressurizing device (20) to pressurize the tops of the sliding mode box (3) and the inclined sliding mode box (4);
and the sliding mode walking mould box (3) and the sliding mode tilting mould box (4) reach positions required by the test, and after the required pressure value is reached, the sliding pushing device (5), the sliding counter-force device (7) and the overload pressurizing device (20) are stopped to finish the test.
10. The working method of the walking and tilting mode simulation test device for the inclination angle of the movable fault according to claim 9, wherein after the test is completed, the data of the monitoring system is uploaded, the tunnel model is taken out, and the tunnel damage condition is observed.
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| CN115628872A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-01-20 | 成都理工大学 | Dislocation type fault simulation test system and method |
| CN116399724A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-07 | 成都理工大学 | Test system and method for simulating fault sliding and torsion effect coupling |
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