CN114126778B

CN114126778B - Tool and method for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in particular plates

Info

Publication number: CN114126778B
Application number: CN202080052492.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·威廉; 我孙子武司
Original assignee: Trumpf European Ag
Current assignee: Trumpf European Ag
Priority date: 2019-07-23
Filing date: 2020-07-20
Publication date: 2023-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-20
Also published as: WO2021013810A1; CN114126778A; DE102019119848A1; US11850650B2; US20220143666A1; JP2022541069A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool and a method for machining a plate-shaped workpiece (10), in particular a sheet metal, having an upper tool (11) and a lower tool (9) which can be moved toward one another for machining the workpiece (10) arranged between the upper tool and the lower tool, wherein the upper tool (11) has a clamping shank (34) and a base body (33) which are arranged on a common position axis (35) and comprises a machining tool (37) which is arranged opposite the clamping shank (34) on the base body (33), and wherein the lower tool (9) has a base body (41) which comprises a receiving surface (47) for the workpiece (10) and an opening (46) in the receiving surface (47), wherein the machining tool (37) of the upper tool (11) has at least one press edge (45) and the base body (41) of the lower tool (9) has at least one press edge (52) which is fixedly arranged on the base body (41) and can be displaced relative to the press edge (47) in relation to the receiving surface (47), so that the mating press bending edge (52) protrudes relative to the opening (47) of the support surface (47).

Description

Tool and method for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in particular plates

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tool and a method for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in particular plates.

Background

A machine tool is known from DE 10 2016 119 435 A1, which discloses a tool for producing plate-shaped workpieces, in particular plate-shaped workpieces. The tool is handled by a machine tool for stamping and punching purposes. The tool comprises an upper tool which is movable by the stroke drive device along a stroke axis in a direction for machining a workpiece and in an opposite direction and is displaceable along an upper positioning axis by the drive device. In addition, a lower tool is provided which is aligned with the upper tool and is movable by the travel drive device in the direction of the upper tool along a lower travel axis and positionable along a lower positioning axis oriented perpendicular to the position axis of the upper tool. The drive means is operated by the controller to displace the upper tool and the lower tool. The upper tool includes a working tool that is inclined relative to a positioning axis of the upper tool. Two cutting edges oriented parallel to one another are provided on the processing tool, for example, in order to cut sheet metal webs at an upward bending angle or to produce sides oriented obliquely to the plane of the plate-shaped workpiece.

A machine tool of this type is also known from DE 10 2016 119 457A1. In order to generate a press-bent portion or a bent portion on a workpiece portion of a plate-like workpiece, a tool composed of an upper tool and a lower tool is used. The upper tool comprises a clamping handle and a base body and a processing tool comprising a press bending edge. The processing tool is arranged on the base body opposite to the clamping handle. The press-bending edge of the working tool is preferably located outside the projection plane of the base body of the upper tool, which projection plane is formed perpendicularly to the position axis as seen in the direction of travel. The lower tool comprises a base body and a bearing block rotatably arranged on the base body, on which a partially cylindrical smooth-edged screw is supported in a corresponding recess and about a rotational axis. Here, the axis of rotation of the smooth-edged screw extends parallel to the press bending axis. To make the crimping portion, the press-crimping edge of the upper tool is aligned with the smooth-edged screw. By a purely displacing movement of the press-bending edge along the position axis in the direction of travel, a 90 ° crimp can be formed, the smooth-edged screw performing a rotational movement in order to erect the workpiece part relative to the press-bending edge.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a tool and a method for machining a plate-shaped workpiece, by means of which the machining flexibility of the workpiece can be increased, in particular by introducing a press-bending profile.

This object is achieved by a tool for machining a plate-shaped workpiece, wherein the upper tool comprises a machining tool having at least one press-bending edge and the lower tool comprises a base body having at least one counter-press-bending edge fixedly arranged on the base body, wherein the base body comprises a support surface having a recess surrounding the counter-press-bending edge, and the support surface is displaceable relative to the counter-press-bending edge, such that the counter-press-bending edge in the recess protrudes relative to the support surface when a load is applied to the support surface. The tool enables the manufacture of different press bending profiles. By means of this tool, the workpiece portion is bent upward relative to the plate-like workpiece. So-called pivoting press bending can be produced. Here, different press bending profiles can be realized, the course of which also differs from the bent-over portion at an angle of 90 °. With such a tool, a 90 ° angle bead or an excessive press bend can also be produced on the workpiece part. Folded edges or folds may also be created. Furthermore, such tools enable so-called continuous press bending, or press bending with a plurality of incremental press bending steps, in order to produce a larger press bending radius which is multiple of the radius of the press bending edge and/or the mating press bending edge.

Preferably, the receiving surface and the punch surface of the counter-press bending rib are oriented flush with the receiving surface in the initial position, the punch surface being assigned to an opening of the receiving surface on the lower tool. The unprocessed plate-shaped workpiece or at least a part of the plate-shaped workpiece can thus be positioned directly and without interruption on the lower tool.

The press-bending edge of the upper tool and the counter-press-bending edge of the lower tool are preferably configured equally in length. The bending or crimping, which takes place in response to the length of the bending edge and the counter bending edge, can thus be realized by a single stroke. The press bending rib on the upper tool may also be configured to be shorter than the mating press bending rib. This is particularly advantageous in the case of incremental bending of a plate-shaped workpiece.

The counter-press-bending edges of the upper tool and of the lower tool then preferably each have a face inclined relative to the punch face, which is oriented at an angle of less than 90 ° relative to the punch face. Thus, both the press bending edge and the counter press bending edge have undercuts as seen with respect to the punch face, so that the machining area into which the press bending profile is introduced is increased.

According to a first embodiment, the upper tool can have a machining tool with a press-bent edge lying in a projection plane which, seen in the direction of travel, is formed perpendicularly to the position axis. The press bending edge advantageously intersects the positioning axis. Here, in the case of a 90 ° angled crimping portion, the length of the limb crimped on the workpiece part is limited by the distance of the punch face of the machining tool from the base body. Alternatively, the press-bending edge of the working tool on the upper tool can be arranged outside a projection plane of the base body, which projection plane is formed perpendicularly to the position axis and, seen in the direction of travel, is formed by the periphery of the base body. The length of the angled portion of the workpiece part is thereby significantly increased, since the section of the workpiece part which is oriented upwards by the pivoting press bend or crimp can pass through the base body of the upper tool. If the width of the workpiece to be machined corresponds to the length of the press-bending edge, the pivoting press-bending movement or the crimping can extend as far as the tool receiving part, which is surrounded by only a deflection collar part, which is oriented in the direction of the press-bending edge of the tool and is interrupted in this region.

The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method for machining a plate-shaped workpiece, in which method a tool according to any of the above-described embodiments is used and, before the start of the pivoting bending process, the press bending edges on the upper tool and the counter-press bending edges on the lower tool are transferred to a first operating position in which the press bending edges are positioned at a distance from the counter-press bending edges in the Z-direction by the thickness of the workpiece and are oriented at least at a distance from the counter-press bending edges in the Y-direction by the thickness of the workpiece, and the press bending edges and/or the counter-press bending edges are subsequently actuated in a displacement movement by which the press bending edges and the counter-press bending edges pass each other until an end position for expanding the workpiece part. Thereby, with a progressive displacement movement from the first working position to the end position, the counter press bending rib on the lower tool protrudes relative to the support surface in order to perform a pivoting press bending movement. Due to the superposition of the displacement movements in the Z-direction and in the Y-direction, a targeted actuation of the tool for introducing the press-bending profile is possible. By means of this superimposed displacement movement a large number of different press bending profiles can be introduced. In particular, the pivoting press bending can be manipulated.

Preferably, during the pivoting press bending, the mating press bending edge is stationary and the press bending edge is steered on a curved track. Thus, starting from the first working position, the upper tool is actuated with an overlapping displacement movement in the Z-direction and in the Y-direction, so that a curved path is produced, wherein, in particular toward the end of the pivoting press bending step, the advancing movement in the Z-direction decreases and the displacement movement in the Y-direction increases. Alternatively, the press bending ribs may be stationary and the mating press bending ribs may be steered on a curved track. A description similar to that given in the case of the interchange manipulation of the displacement movement of the press bending rib relative to the counterpart press bending rib applies here.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the method, both the press bending edge and the counter-press bending edge are transferred from the first working position to the end position by being steered in a curved trajectory. This is also an embodiment for introducing a press-bending profile.

Another preferred embodiment of the method provides that the displacement movement of the press bending edge and/or of the counter press bending edge is controlled successively for incremental press bending, with each press bending step comprising a press bending angle of less than 90 ° on the workpiece part. In this way, it is possible to achieve different sizes of bending radii which are all greater than the bending radii of the bending edges and/or the mating bending edges.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method provides that the spiral profile is introduced into the workpiece with a Y-shaped cutting pattern. The Y-cut pattern of the workpiece has two arms positioned in a V-shape relative to each other. The helical profile may be formed by introducing a plurality of press bent edges into the respective arms. The spiral profile may include a larger or smaller diameter depending on the buckling angle.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method provides that in the case of a workpiece part having a width greater than the length of the mating press bending edge, a plurality of press bending steps are introduced into the workpiece part successively and along the same press bending edge. Thus, by means of a plurality of strokes between the upper tool and the lower tool, a press-bending edge is produced which is greater than the length of the counter-press-bending edge and/or the press-bending edge.

A further advantageous embodiment for introducing a press bending edge (which is longer than the mating press bending edge or the press bending edge of the tool) into the workpiece part provides that the sequence of the press bending steps of a subsequent press bending edge in the workpiece is controlled differently from the preceding press bending edge of the workpiece. For example, in the case of a previous press bend in the workpiece, a first stroke for a subsequent press bend may be provided to offset one position relative to the first row Cheng Hengxiang of the press bend step. Thus, a uniform profile can be introduced. This is advantageous in particular if a relatively large bending radius is introduced by incremental bending.

Drawings

The invention and its further advantageous embodiments and developments will be described and illustrated in more detail below on the basis of examples shown in the accompanying drawings. Features that may be gathered from the description and drawings may themselves be used alone or in any combination in multiple combinations in accordance with the present invention. In the figure:

figure 1 shows a perspective view of a machine tool,

figure 2 shows a perspective view of a tool according to a first embodiment,

figure 3 shows a schematic cross-section of the tool according to figure 2,

figures 4 to 7 show schematic views of the working position of the pivoting press bending process,

figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a press bending flow of a press bending process known in the prior art,

figure 9 shows a schematic view of a press bending flow of a press bending process according to the invention,

figure 10 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the upper tool with respect to figure 2,

figure 11 shows a schematic side view of the working position during a pivoting press bending process by means of the upper tool according to figure 8,

figure 12 shows a schematic view for manufacturing a press bent edge having a length longer than that of the tool,

figure 13 shows a perspective view of a continuous press bending by means of the tool according to figure 2,

figures 14 to 16 show schematic working steps for manufacturing a fold in a workpiece,

FIG. 17 shows a schematic view of a cut workpiece for producing a helical profile, and

fig. 18 shows a perspective view of a workpiece having a helical profile.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a machine tool 1 configured as a die-cutting press brake. The machine tool 1 comprises a carrier structure with a closed machine frame 2. The frame comprises two horizontal frame members 3, 4 and two vertical frame members 5 and 6. The machine frame 2 encloses a machine frame interior 7 which, together with the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9, forms a working area of the machine tool 1.

The machine tool 1 is used for machining a plate-shaped workpiece 10, which is not shown in fig. 1 for the sake of simplicity and which is arranged for machining purposes in a housing interior 7. The workpiece 10 to be processed is placed on a workpiece support 8 arranged in the frame interior 7. In the recess of the workpiece support 8, the lower tool 9 is supported on the lower horizontal frame member 4 of the machine frame 2.

The upper tool 11 is fixed in a tool receiving portion at the lower end of the ram 12. The ram 12 is part of a travel drive 13, by means of which the upper tool 11 can be moved in the travel direction along a travel axis 14. The travel axis 14 extends in the direction of the Z axis of the coordinate system in the numerical controller 15 shown in fig. 1 of the machine tool 1. The travel drive 13 can be moved perpendicularly along the positioning axis 16 relative to the travel axis 14 in the direction of the double arrow. The positioning axis 16 extends in the Y direction of the coordinate system of the digital controller 15. The travel drive device 13 receiving the upper tool 11 is displaced along the positioning axis 16 by a motor drive 17.

The movement of the ram 12 along the stroke axis 14 and the positioning of the stroke drive 13 along the positioning axis 16 take place by means of a motor drive 17, in particular a spindle drive, having a drive spindle 18 which extends in the direction of the positioning axis 16 and is fixedly connected to the machine frame 2. During the movement along the positioning axis 16, the travel drive 13 is guided on three guide rails 19 of the upper frame member 3, two of which guide rails 19 can be seen in fig. 1. The remaining one rail 19 extends parallel to the visible rail 19 and is spaced apart from the visible rail in the X-axis direction of the coordinate system of the digital controller 15. The guide shoe 20 of the travel drive 13 runs on the guide rail 19. The mutual engagement of the guide rail 19 and the guide shoe 20 makes it possible for this connection between the guide rail 19 and the guide shoe 20 to also withstand loads acting in the vertical direction. The travel device 13 is suspended on the machine frame 2 by means of guide shoes 20 and guide rails 19, respectively. Another part of the travel drive 13 is a wedge gear 21 by means of which the position of the upper tool 11 relative to the lower tool 9 can be adjusted.

The lower tool 9 is displaceably received along a lower positioning axis 25. This lower positioning axis 25 extends in the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system of the numerical controller 15. The lower positioning axis 25 is preferably oriented parallel to the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 can be displaced along the positioning axis 25 directly at the lower positioning axis 16 by means of the motor drive 26. Alternatively or additionally, the lower tool 9 can also be provided on a travel drive 27, which is displaceable along the lower positioning axis 25 by means of a motor drive 26. This drive 26 is preferably configured as a spindle drive. The downstroke drive device 27 may correspond in structure to the upstroke drive device 13. The motor drive 26 may likewise correspond to the motor drive 17.

The downstroke drive means 27 are likewise movably supported on the guide rails 19 assigned to the lower horizontal frame member 4. The guide shoes 20 of the travel drive 27 extend on the guide rail 19, so that the connection between the guide rail 19 and the guide shoes 20 on the lower tool 9 can also be subjected to loads acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the stroke drive device 27 is also suspended from the frame 2 by the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19 and is spaced apart from the guide rails 19 and the guide shoes 20 of the upper stroke drive device 13. The travel drive 27 may also comprise a wedge gear 21, by means of which the position or height of the lower tool 9 along the Z-axis is adjustable.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the tool 31. The tool 31 is configured as a press bending tool. The tool 31 comprises a press bending punch forming the upper tool 11 and a press bending die forming the lower tool 9. The upper tool 11 comprises a base body 33 having a grip handle 34 and an orientation or indexing element 36 or an orientation or indexing wedge. The clamping lever 34 serves to fix the upper tool 11 in the machine-side upper tool receiving part. Here, the orientation of the upper tool 11 or the rotational position of the upper tool 11 is determined by the indexing wedge 36. Here, the upper tool 11 rotates about the position axis 35. The position axis 35 forms the longitudinal axis of the clamping lever 34, preferably also of the base body 33. The use of the rotational position of the upper tool 11 in the upper tool receiving portion creates an orientation of the upper tool's working tool 37.

The lower tool 9 likewise comprises a base body 41 which is suitable for being fixed in a defined rotational position in the machine-side lower tool receptacle, for example by means of at least one indexing element 42. Here, the lower tool 9 is rotatable about a position axis 48. This forms the longitudinal axis or longitudinal central axis of the base body 41.

The lower tool 9 has an opening 46 in a support surface 47, which is displaceable in its position, in particular in the Z-direction, relative to the base body 41. The counter-press bending rib 52 is positioned in the opening 46 of the support surface 47, the counter-press bending rib 52 abutting the punch surface 51, which in the initial position is arranged preferably flush with respect to the support surface 47.

The working tool 37 on the upper tool 11 includes a press-bent edge 45. Opposite the press-bending edge 45, a further press-bending edge or punching edge may be provided. On the end side, the machining tool 37 comprises a punch surface 43 that transitions into a press-bending edge 45. The inclined surface 49 extends from the press-bending edge 45 in the direction of the base 33 of the upper tool 11. The inclined face 49 and the punch face 43 are arranged at an angle of less than 90 °. A press bend edge 45 is formed at the transition region. The transition region is determined by the size of the radius of the press-bent edge 45.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of the tool 31 according to fig. 2, wherein the lower tool 9 is shown in a cross-sectional arrangement. The base body 41 accommodates a base body 53 on which the mating press-bent rib 52 is provided. Opposite the counter-press bent edge 52, a further counter-press bent edge or counter-press cut edge may be provided. The base body 53 with the mating crimp 52 or only the mating crimp 52 can be arranged interchangeably on the base body 41. The counter-press bent edge 52 is located between the punch face 51 and the inclined face 49, which is directed toward the base body 53.

The support surface 47 is received in the base body 41 in a manner displaceable counter to the Z direction. An elastically flexible restoring element 56 is preferably provided, which after a load has been applied to the support surface 47 as a result of a displacement movement towards the base body 41, shifts the support surface 47 back into the initial position, as shown in fig. 3. The support surface 47 is guided by the guide element 57 so as to be movable up and down relative to the base body 41. For example, only one guide element is shown, wherein a plurality of guide elements are preferably arranged in a uniformly distributed manner over the circumference.

Fig. 4 to 7 schematically show a number of working steps, which show the sequence of the pivoting press bending process.

Starting from the starting position 61 according to fig. 3, in which the upper tool 11 is spaced apart from the lower tool 9, the plate-shaped workpiece 10 is placed together with the workpiece portion 81 on the support surface 47 and aligned with the counter press-bending edge 52. The upper tool 11 is then moved towards the lower tool 9. This may also occur in an interchangeable manner, or may provide a combined motion. This movement in the Z direction is performed until the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 are positioned in the first working position 65. In this first operating position 65, the press-bending edge 45 of the upper tool 11 and the counter-press-bending edge 52 of the lower tool 9 are spaced apart from one another in the Z-direction, the spacing corresponding to the thickness of the workpiece 10. In the first exemplary embodiment, the paired press bending edges and the press bending edges are spaced apart from one another in the Y direction, wherein the spacing likewise corresponds to the thickness of the workpiece 10. Alternatively, a larger pitch may be selected. Starting from this first working position 65, a first bending phase according to fig. 5 can be started, wherein this first bending phase takes place exclusively by a travel direction in the Z-direction or by a superimposed travel movement in the Z-direction and the Y-direction.

Fig. 6 shows a further intermediate position 66 or end position 67 of the pivoting press bending process, in which the press bending edge 45 is advanced in the direction of the inclined surface 49 on the tool body 54, the press bending edge 45 and the counter press bending edge 52 being engaged behind one another. In the final working step, the upper tool 11 can be displaced with respect to the lower tool 9 only in the Y-direction in order to achieve excessive bending of the workpiece portion 81 at the bent angle. The displacement movement of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 is then manipulated in opposite directions.

When the workpiece 10 is transferred from the working position according to fig. 4 to the position according to fig. 6 or 7, the curved path of the upper tool 11 or the curved path of the lower tool 9 or the curved paths of the upper tools 11 and 9 are actuated, wherein the displacement movements in the Z-direction and the Y-direction are superimposed. This means that the press bending edge 45 and the counter-press bending edge 52 do not pass each other by a parallel displacement movement in the Z direction. The curved track is manipulated in order to pass the press bending edge 45 and the counter press bending edge 32 over each other, which are then supplied onto the respective inclined surfaces, if this is necessary in the respective press bending step.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic side view of the working tool 37 of the upper tool 11 with the press-bending edge 45 and the basic body 53 of the lower tool 9 with the counter-press-bending edge 52 after a press-bending process according to the prior art, by means of which, for example, a right-angle bead is produced on the workpiece 10. For the purpose of illustrating the press-bending direction, a reference point 76 on the machining tool 37 of the upper tool 11 and a start point 81, an intermediate point 82 and an end point 83 on the base body 53 of the lower tool 9 are used as references. In the initial position, the workpiece 10 is formed flat. In the initial position, there is a space between the reference point 76 and the start point 81. The distance is advantageously set in a manner dependent on the thickness of the workpiece 10 between the punch face 43 of the working tool 32 and the punch face 51 on the basic body 53 of the lower tool 9. The upper tool 11 and/or the lower tool 9 are then displaced along the intermediate point 82 until the reference point 76 is opposite the end point 83.

The start point 81, the intermediate point 82 and the end point 83 on the lower tool 9 lie on a common straight line, that is to say the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 pass each other in parallel.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a press bending process according to the invention. From the starting point 81 of the lower tool 9 via the intermediate point 82 to the ending point 83 of the lower tool 9, it is evident that these points 81, 82 and 83 lie on a curved track or curved line. Thus, the lower tool 9 has been displaced in a pivoting press bending movement from the start point 81 via the intermediate point 82 to the end point 83 relative to the reference point 76 of the upper tool 11. The displacement movement according to the illustration in fig. 9 can also be interchanged, so that the lower tool 9 is stationary and the upper tool 11 is maneuvered in a curved travel direction. The upper tool 9 and the lower tool 11 can also be actuated by a relative advancing movement in order to produce this curved course.

Fig. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the upper tool 11 with respect to fig. 2. The upper tool 11 differs in that the press-bending edge 45 is formed outside a projection plane formed by the base body, which projection plane is derived from the face of the base body 33 in the direction of the travel movement and along the position axis.

An advantage of such an upper tool 11 is that the length of the bent edge of the workpiece portion 81 is greater than the spacing between the press bending edge 45 and the underside of the base 33.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic side view for producing a crimp on a workpiece part 81, wherein the length of the crimped workpiece part 81 is greater than the distance between the press bending edge 45 and the underside of the base body 33. The individual working steps for the pivoting press bending described for example on the basis of fig. 4 to 7 can also be carried out by such an alternative embodiment of the upper tool 11 according to fig. 10.

Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of a workpiece 10 having a press bend with a radius that is greater than the press bend radius of the mating press bend edge 52 of the upper tool 11 and of the lower tool 9 according to fig. 2. Such a radius can be achieved by a plurality of successive individual strokes of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9, wherein the stroke movement ends, for example, in the position shown in fig. 5. The workpiece 10 is then offset such that the press bending rib 71 is located on the punch face 51 of the counter press bending rib 52, in order to then execute the stroke movement again, as is shown in fig. 5. Such successive processing is also referred to as incremental press bending, whereby press bends with different radii are possible. Depending on the distance between the respectively introduced press bending ribs 72 and the corresponding degree of upward bending of such a press bending section 71.

In the embodiment according to fig. 12, the width of the workpiece part 10 is greater than the length of the press bending edge 45 and/or the counter-press bending edge 52. In order to form a press-bending section in a plate-shaped workpiece 10, a plurality of pivoting press-bending processes are operated successively along the same press-bending edge 72 in order to form a press-bending section 71. Here, the upper tool 11 may be first positioned with respect to the workpiece 10 so as to perform the press bending step N. The workpiece 10 is then laterally offset to perform the stroke N1. The workpiece 10 is then further offset to perform the stroke N2. In this way, a press-bending section 71 can be formed, the length of which is greater than the length of the press-bending edge 45 and/or the counter-press-bending edge 52 of the tool 31.

These successive working steps N, N, N2 … … can be used in the case of the press bending section 71 to successively form a plurality of further press bending sections. Alternatively, such a manipulation of the working steps can also be used, for example, for a 90 ° crimp.

Fig. 13 is another perspective view of the workpiece 10, in this case a plurality of press brake segments 71 being manufactured by incremental pivot press bending. The successive or serial working steps from the preceding bending section to the following bending section 71 are preferably different from each other. For example, the uppermost press brake segment 71 may comprise a sequence of work steps N1, N2, N3, wherein for the latter press brake segment 71, the work step N1 is offset by one or more work steps with respect to the previous work step N1. In the case of the third bending section 71, the first working step N1 can in turn be offset in relation to the working steps N1 of the two preceding bending sections 71.

Random selection and arrangement of the individual working steps N1, N2, N3 of each press bending section 71 is also possible, provided that the two working steps of two successive press bending sections 71 are not equally aligned one behind the other.

The introduction of a plurality of successive press-bending sections 71 can be controlled in such a way that a spiral profile can also be produced.

Fig. 14 to 16 show schematic working steps for producing a fold 75 in the workpiece 10. In order to transfer a workpiece 10 having a workpiece portion 81 with a crimp according to fig. 14, the working steps according to fig. 4 to 7 have been carried out in advance. Subsequently, the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 are lifted apart from each other, and the workpiece 10 is displaced so that the crimping portion of the workpiece 10 is positioned in the region of the punch face 51 of the tool body 54 on the lower tool 9. The pre-compression bend is then introduced as shown in fig. 15. The pre-press bend is spaced from the crimp by a distance that is shorter than the length of the workpiece portion 81. The upper tool 11 and/or the lower tool 9 are then moved apart and the workpiece portion 81 is positioned with a pre-press bend on the punch face 51 of the tool body 54. Subsequently, the workpiece portion 81 on the workpiece 10 is bent by the punch face 43 on the processing tool 37 of the upper tool 11 and the folded portion 75 is made.

Fig. 17 shows a schematic view of a workpiece 10 to be cut, into which a helical profile 96 is to be introduced. For example, the cutting pattern of the workpiece 10 is Y-shaped such that a first arm 91 and a second arm 92 are formed that transition to the tab 93. Through the illustrated multiple bending steps along the press bending ribs 72, both the right and left arms 91, 92 may be applied with a bending angle, respectively, such that by introducing multiple press bending ribs 72, a series of press bending sections 71 is achieved, which press bending sections 71 form a spiral profile 96 having a larger or smaller diameter in a manner depending on the angle of the press bending sections 71 relative to each other. Such a spiral profile 96 is shown in fig. 18. For example, the pin or peg may be guided along a longitudinal axis of the helical profile 96 such that the tab 93 may be pivotally guided about the longitudinal axis.

Claims

1. A tool for machining a plate-shaped workpiece (10), having an upper tool (11) and a lower tool (9) which are movable toward one another for machining the workpiece (10) arranged between the upper tool and the lower tool,

-wherein the upper tool (11) has a clamping shank (34) and a base body (33) arranged on a common position axis (35) and comprises a machining tool (37) which is arranged on the base body (33) opposite the clamping shank (34) and

-wherein the lower tool (9) has a base body (41) comprising a receiving surface (47) for the workpiece (10) and an opening (46) in the receiving surface (47),

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

-the working tool (37) of the upper tool (11) has at least one press-bending edge (45) and

-the base body (41) of the lower tool (9) has at least one counter-press bent edge (52) fixedly arranged on the base body (41), which is positioned in an opening (46) of the receiving surface (47) and

-the receiving surface (47) can be displaced relative to the counter-press bent edge (52) such that the counter-press bent edge (52) protrudes relative to the opening (47) of the receiving surface (47),

wherein the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9) each have a punch face (43, 51) which are arranged parallel to one another, and the press-bending edge (45) of the upper tool (11) and the counter-press-bending edge (52) of the lower tool (9) each have a face (49) which is inclined relative to the punch faces (43, 51) and which is oriented at an angle of less than 90 ° relative to the punch faces (43, 51).

2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving surface (47) and the punch surface (51) of the counter press bending rib (52) are oriented flush with the receiving surface (47) in the initial position of the lower tool (9).

3. Tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the press-bending edges (45) of the upper tool (11) and the counter-press-bending edges (52) are configured to be equally long in length or that the press-bending edges (45) of the upper tool (11) are configured to be shorter than the counter-press-bending edges (52) on the lower tool (9).

4. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press-bent edge (45) of the upper tool (11) is oriented in a projection plane which is formed perpendicularly to the position axis (35) and which is formed by the base body (33) as seen in the direction of travel, or that the press-bent edge (45) of the upper tool (11) is located outside the projection plane.

5. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the workpiece (10) is a sheet material.

6. A method for machining a plate-shaped workpiece (10),

-wherein an upper tool (11) is displaceable along an upper positioning axis (16) by means of a drive assembly (17), said upper tool being movable in a Z-direction along a stroke axis (14) and in a direction towards a workpiece (10) to be machined with said upper tool (11) and in an opposite direction by means of a stroke drive device (13), and said upper tool being positionable along an upper positioning axis (16) extending perpendicular to said stroke axis (14) in a Y-direction,

-wherein a lower tool (9) is displaced along a lower positioning axis (25) by means of a drive assembly (26), said lower tool being aligned with the upper tool (11) and positionable along a lower positioning axis (25) directed in the Y-direction and perpendicular to the travel axis (14) of the upper tool (11), and

-wherein the drive assembly (17, 26) is operated with a controller (15) for displacing the upper tool (11) and/or the lower tool (9),

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

-machining the workpiece (10) using a tool (31) according to any of the preceding claims, and positioning a workpiece portion (81) of the plate-shaped workpiece (10) relative to a receiving face (47) of the lower tool,

-the press-bending edges (45) on the upper tool (11) and the counter-press-bending edges (52) on the lower tool (9) are aligned with each other,

-the press bending edge (45) and/or the counter press bending edge (52) are transferred by a stroke movement in the Z direction to a first operating position (65) in which the press bending edge (45) is positioned at a distance from the counter press bending edge (52) in the Z direction by the thickness of the workpiece (10) and at least at a distance from the counter press bending edge in the Y direction by the thickness of the workpiece (10), and

-the press bending edge (45) and the counter press bending edge (52) are actuated in a subsequent displacement movement, by means of which the counter press bending edge (52) and/or the press bending edge (45) are moved past each other by the superposition of the displacement movements in the Z-direction and the Y-direction.

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the counter-press bending edge (52) is stationary and the press bending edge (45) of the upper tool (11) is manipulated on a curved track, or that the press bending edge (45) is stationary and the counter-press bending edge (52) is manipulated on a curved track.

8. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the press-bending edge (45) of the upper tool (11) and the counter-press-bending edge (52) of the lower tool (9) are each transferred from the first working position (65) to the end position by manipulation of a curved track.

9. Method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the displacement movement of the press bending edge (45) and/or of the counter press bending edge (52) is successively controlled for incremental press bending multiple times, wherein each press bending step comprises a press bending angle of less than 90 ° on the workpiece part (81).

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the workpiece (10) is cut in a Y-shape and has two arms (91, 92) projecting away from each other, into which arms a plurality of successive press bending edges (72) are introduced in order to form a spiral profile (96).

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that in the case of a workpiece portion (81) having a width greater than the length of the press bending edge (45) or of the counter press bending edge (52), a plurality of press bending steps (N, N1, N2 … …) are introduced into the workpiece portion (81) successively and along the same press bending edge (72).

12. Method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the sequence of the bending steps (N, N1, N2 … …) of the following bending section (71) along the one bending edge (72) is manipulated differently from the sequence of the bending steps (N, N1, N2 … …) of the preceding bending section (71).

13. The method according to claim 6, wherein the workpiece (10) is a sheet material.