CN114122545A - Lithium battery matching method - Google Patents
Lithium battery matching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122545A CN114122545A CN202111308912.1A CN202111308912A CN114122545A CN 114122545 A CN114122545 A CN 114122545A CN 202111308912 A CN202111308912 A CN 202111308912A CN 114122545 A CN114122545 A CN 114122545A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 348
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 348
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium battery matching method, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the plurality of lithium batteries to a first charge state from an initial state respectively according to a preset multiplying power, and dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting a first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs; adjusting the lithium batteries in the first lithium battery packs to a second charge state from an initial state by a preset multiplying power, removing the lithium batteries which do not accord with a second test standard, and grouping the first lithium battery packs which remove the lithium batteries which do not accord with the second test standard to form a plurality of second lithium battery packs; and adjusting the lithium batteries in the second lithium battery pack to a third charge state from the initial state by a preset multiplying power, eliminating the lithium batteries which do not accord with a third test standard, and grouping the second lithium battery packs which do not accord with the third test standard so as to obtain a final lithium battery group. By adopting the technical scheme, the consistency of the assembled lithium battery under different charging and discharging conditions and the service life of the lithium battery system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium battery matching method.
Background
In the major trends of energy transformation and green development, the market of environment-friendly electric automobiles rapidly grows, and the requirements on the endurance mileage and the service life of a battery system are higher and higher while the market of electric automobiles rapidly grows. The battery system is composed of a plurality of lithium batteries in a series-parallel mode, and the consistency of the matched lithium batteries becomes one of short board factors influencing the large-scale application of the electric automobile.
The existing lithium battery matching method is mainly graded according to parameters such as capacity, voltage, self-discharge, internal resistance and the like of the lithium battery, and the voltage change trend and temperature rise of the lithium battery are not considered when the lithium battery is used with large multiplying power. In the process that a lithium battery system continuously uses high-rate charging and discharging, the difference between the single lithium batteries is larger and larger, and the service life of the lithium battery system is influenced, so that the problem of consistency of the lithium batteries when the high-rate lithium batteries are used is fully considered when the lithium batteries are matched, and a new and more accurate lithium battery matching method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a lithium battery matching method to solve the problem that the matching effect of lithium batteries in the prior art is poor.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lithium battery grouping method, including: adjusting the plurality of lithium batteries to a first charge state from an initial state respectively according to a preset multiplying power, and dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting a first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs; adjusting the lithium batteries in the first lithium battery packs to a second charge state from an initial state by a preset multiplying power, removing the lithium batteries which do not accord with a second test standard, and grouping the first lithium battery packs which remove the lithium batteries which do not accord with the second test standard to form a plurality of second lithium battery packs; and adjusting the lithium batteries in the second lithium battery pack to a third charge state from the initial state by a preset multiplying power, eliminating the lithium batteries which do not accord with a third test standard, and grouping the second lithium battery packs which do not accord with the third test standard so as to obtain a final lithium battery group.
Further, the initial state is a fully discharged state of the lithium battery or a fully charged state of the lithium battery.
Further, before the plurality of lithium batteries are respectively adjusted to the first charge state from the initial state by the preset multiplying power, the method also comprises the steps of obtaining performance parameters of the lithium batteries, and rejecting abnormal lithium batteries according to the performance parameters of the lithium batteries, wherein the performance parameters of the lithium batteries comprise room-temperature discharge capacity parameters, average voltage parameters, self-discharge rate parameters and internal resistance parameters.
Further, dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting the first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs comprises: measuring temperature change values of the multiple lithium batteries in a first charge state, and measuring voltage values of the multiple lithium batteries in the first charge state to obtain a first voltage range; dividing a first voltage range into a plurality of first voltage intervals, and removing a plurality of lithium batteries which do not meet a first test standard and are positioned in the same first voltage interval to form a first lithium battery pack; the lithium battery with the temperature variation value within a first preset temperature range meets a first test standard, and the first preset temperature range is determined according to the first charge state.
Further, the method for grouping the first lithium battery packs which are removed from the lithium batteries which do not meet the second test standard to form the second lithium battery pack comprises the following steps: measuring a temperature change value of a lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack in a second charge state, and measuring a voltage value of the lithium battery in the second charge state to obtain a second voltage range; dividing the second voltage range into a plurality of second voltage intervals, and removing lithium batteries which are positioned in the same second voltage interval from a plurality of first lithium battery packs which do not meet a second test standard to form a second lithium battery pack; and determining a second preset temperature range according to the second charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the second preset temperature range is a lithium battery meeting a second test standard.
Further, the method for grouping the second lithium battery packs which are removed and do not meet the third test standard to obtain the final lithium battery matching group comprises the following steps: measuring a temperature change value of a lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack in a third charge state, and measuring a voltage value of the lithium battery in the third charge state to obtain a third voltage range; dividing a third voltage range into a plurality of third voltage intervals, and removing lithium batteries which are positioned in the same third voltage interval from a plurality of second lithium battery packs which do not meet a third test standard to form a final lithium battery matching group; and determining the third preset temperature range according to the third charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the third preset temperature range is the lithium battery meeting the third test standard.
Further, the preset magnification is in a range of 5C to 10C.
Further, the temperature change value is obtained by subtracting an initial state temperature value from a temperature value of the lithium battery in the current state of charge, the lithium battery is assembled in a test environment with a preset temperature, and the preset temperature range is 20-30 ℃.
Further, the first charge state of the lithium battery corresponds to a first charge value of the lithium battery, the second charge state of the lithium battery corresponds to a second charge value of the lithium battery, the third charge state of the lithium battery corresponds to a third charge value of the lithium battery, and the ranges of the first charge value, the second charge value and the third charge value are all 20% -80%.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the multiple lithium batteries are respectively adjusted to a first charge state from an initial state by a preset multiplying power, the multiple lithium batteries after rejection of unqualified lithium batteries are divided into multiple first lithium battery packs, the lithium batteries in the multiple first lithium battery packs are respectively adjusted to a second charge state from the initial state by the preset multiplying power, after rejection of unqualified lithium batteries, the first lithium battery packs are grouped to form multiple second lithium battery packs, the lithium batteries in the second lithium battery packs are adjusted to a third charge state from the initial state by the preset multiplying power, and after rejection of unqualified lithium batteries, the second lithium battery packs are grouped to obtain a final lithium battery matching set. The new battery matching groups are divided on the basis of the battery matching groups obtained by the previous test, so that the matching precision of the lithium batteries is sequentially improved, and the lithium batteries which do not accord with the current battery matching groups can be screened out in the process of matching the groups for three times. By adopting the technical scheme, the consistency of the assembled lithium battery under different charging and discharging conditions is effectively improved, and the service life of the lithium battery system is prolonged.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a lithium battery grouping method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and the same devices are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for grouping lithium batteries is provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
Specifically, the lithium battery matching method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adjusting a plurality of lithium batteries to a first charge state from an initial state respectively according to preset multiplying power, and dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting a first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs. And adjusting the lithium batteries in the first lithium battery packs to a second state of charge from the first state of charge respectively by preset multiplying power, eliminating the lithium batteries which do not accord with the second test standard, and grouping the first lithium battery packs which eliminate the lithium batteries which do not accord with the second test standard to form a plurality of second lithium battery packs. And adjusting the lithium batteries in the second lithium battery pack to a third charge state from the second charge state with a preset multiplying power, eliminating the lithium batteries which do not accord with a third test standard, and grouping the second lithium battery packs which do not accord with the third test standard so as to obtain a final lithium battery matching group.
The technical scheme of this embodiment is applied, adjust a plurality of lithium batteries to first state of charge from initial state with preset multiplying power respectively, divide into a plurality of first lithium cell groups with a plurality of lithium batteries after rejecting unqualified lithium battery, adjust the lithium battery in a plurality of first lithium cell groups to second state of charge from initial state with preset multiplying power respectively, after rejecting unqualified lithium battery, group first lithium cell group in order to form a plurality of second lithium cell groups, adjust the lithium battery in the second lithium cell group to third state of charge from initial state with preset multiplying power, after rejecting unqualified lithium battery, group the second lithium cell group in order to obtain final lithium battery and join in marriage the group. The new battery matching groups are divided on the basis of the battery matching groups obtained by the previous test, so that the matching precision of the lithium batteries is sequentially improved, and the lithium batteries which do not accord with the current battery matching groups can be screened out in the process of matching the groups for three times. By adopting the technical scheme, the consistency of the assembled lithium battery under different charging and discharging conditions is effectively improved, and the service life of the lithium battery system is prolonged.
Further, the initial state is a fully discharged state of the lithium battery or a fully charged state of the lithium battery. At this time, the SOC value of the lithium battery is 0% or 100%, the SOC value is a charge value of the lithium battery, the charge value includes a first charge value, a second charge value and a third charge value, different charge values correspond to different charge states, and the charge values are used for representing a discharge state of the lithium battery. The lithium battery is adjusted to a specific SOC value from an initial state by two ways, including charging the lithium battery from a fully discharged state to the specific SOC value or discharging the lithium battery from a fully charged state to the specific SOC value. Further, before discharging the lithium battery from a full-charge state to a specific SOC, the method further comprises: fully charging the lithium battery in a standard charging mode specified by an enterprise, and keeping the temperature of the lithium battery and the ambient temperature in a thermal balance mode for a certain time, wherein the keeping time is not more than 1 h.
Before the plurality of lithium batteries are respectively adjusted to the first charge state from the initial state by the preset multiplying power, the method also comprises the step of obtaining the performance parameters of the lithium batteries. And rejecting abnormal lithium batteries according to the performance parameters of the lithium batteries, wherein the performance parameters of the lithium batteries comprise room-temperature discharge capacity parameters, average voltage parameters, self-discharge rate parameters and internal resistance parameters. The lithium battery can be subjected to primary grading by acquiring the performance parameters of the lithium battery, namely, the battery with obviously abnormal performance parameters is rejected, so that the situation that the voltage or temperature rise of part of the lithium battery is obviously abnormal after the lithium battery is adjusted to the first charge state with the preset multiplying power can be prevented. The discharge capacity of the lithium battery is tested in a standard discharge mode specified by an enterprise, and the discharge capacity parameter at room temperature and the average voltage parameter can be obtained. The SOC value of the lithium battery is adjusted to 50%, the lithium battery is placed for specified days at specified temperature, and the voltage of the lithium battery before and after placement is tested, so that the self-discharge rate parameter can be obtained. And carrying out internal resistance test on the lithium battery through the internal resistance tester to obtain internal resistance parameters. After the performance parameters of the lithium batteries are obtained, the lithium batteries are classified in the corresponding group matching range, and the lithium batteries subjected to primary screening can be obtained.
Specifically, dividing a plurality of lithium batteries that meet a first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs comprises: the temperature change values of the multiple lithium batteries in the first charge state are measured, and the voltage values of the multiple lithium batteries in the first charge state are measured to obtain a first voltage range. The first voltage range is divided into a plurality of first voltage intervals, and a plurality of lithium batteries located in the same first voltage interval form a first lithium battery pack. The lithium battery with the temperature variation value within a first preset temperature range meets a first test standard, and the first preset temperature range is determined according to the first charge state. The arrangement can perform secondary grading on the multiple lithium batteries subjected to primary screening, the multiple lithium batteries are adjusted to the first charge state with preset multiplying power, the performance of the lithium batteries under the current charge and discharge condition is observed and recorded, namely, the battery voltage values and the temperature rise values of the multiple lithium batteries under the first charge state are measured, and the battery voltage values of the multiple single batteries form a first voltage range. And eliminating the lithium batteries with temperature rises out of the first preset temperature range so as to filter the single lithium batteries with performance consistency unmatched with the group. In an alternative embodiment, the first voltage range is divided into two voltage intervals, and the remaining lithium batteries are classified for the second time according to the battery voltage values. And a first lithium battery pack with better performance consistency can be obtained after the second grading is completed. Namely, by applying the technical scheme of the application, the number of the divided sections of the first voltage range and the first voltage section dividing mode can be selected according to actual conditions.
Further, the method for grouping the first lithium battery packs which are removed from the lithium batteries which do not meet the second test standard to form the second lithium battery pack comprises the following steps: and measuring the temperature change value of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack in the second charge state, and measuring the voltage value of the lithium battery in the second charge state to obtain a second voltage range. And dividing the second voltage range into a plurality of second voltage intervals, and removing lithium batteries which are positioned in the same second voltage interval and do not accord with a second test standard from a plurality of first lithium battery packs to form a second lithium battery pack. And determining a second preset temperature range according to the second charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the second preset temperature range is a lithium battery meeting a second test standard. The battery pack division that can carry out more accuracy to the first lithium cell group after second time stepping is set up like this, is about to a plurality of lithium cells in a plurality of first lithium cell groups test under another kind of charge-discharge state, can obtain the higher lithium cell of uniformity and divide. The specific process is as follows: firstly, adjusting the multiple lithium batteries subjected to secondary grading treatment to a second state of charge by a preset multiplying power, wherein the adjusting mode is the same as that in the embodiment, and removing the batteries with poor consistency. By the arrangement, a finer battery grouping interval can be obtained, the performance consistency of the battery subjected to secondary grading can be verified, and the battery can be manually rejected if obvious battery voltage or temperature rise abnormity occurs. In an optional embodiment, a second battery voltage range formed by the measured battery voltage values of the multiple lithium batteries is averagely divided into two second voltage intervals, and the remaining lithium batteries are classified into the two second voltage intervals according to the battery voltage values, so that more accurate lithium battery groups with higher performance consistency are obtained. Namely, by applying the technical scheme of the application, the number of the divided sections of the second voltage range and the dividing mode of the second voltage range can be selected according to actual conditions.
The method for grouping the second lithium battery packs which are removed and do not meet the third test standard to obtain the final lithium battery matching group comprises the following steps: and measuring a temperature change value of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack in the third charge state, and measuring a voltage value of the lithium battery in the third charge state to obtain a third voltage range. And dividing the third voltage range into a plurality of third voltage intervals, and removing lithium batteries which are positioned in the same third voltage interval from a plurality of second lithium battery packs which do not accord with a third test standard to form a final lithium battery matching group. And determining the third preset temperature range according to the third charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the third preset temperature range is the lithium battery meeting the third test standard. The lithium battery subjected to third grading is tested in another working state, so that the performance consistency of the final lithium battery matching can be further improved, and the specific process is as follows: and adjusting the lithium battery subjected to third grading to a third specific SOC at a preset multiplying power, measuring the battery voltage value and temperature rise of the lithium battery under the third specific SOC, and grading the lithium battery with the third temperature rise within a limit value range for the fourth time according to the obtained third battery voltage range to obtain the final group. In an optional embodiment, a third battery voltage range formed by the measured battery voltage values of the multiple lithium batteries is averagely divided into two third voltage intervals, and the remaining lithium batteries are classified into the two third voltage intervals according to the battery voltage values, so that more accurate lithium battery groups with higher performance consistency are obtained. That is, by applying the technical solution of the present application, the number of the divided sections of the third voltage range and the dividing manner of the third voltage range can be selected according to actual situations.
In one exemplary embodiment, the first voltage range includes two first voltage intervals. The voltage difference between the section end points of the two first voltage sections is set equally. The second voltage range includes two second voltage intervals. The voltage difference between the section end points of the two second voltage sections is set equally. The third voltage range includes two third voltage intervals. The voltage difference between the section end points of the two third voltage sections is set equally. The set can obtain eight final lithium batteries that performance uniformity is high and join in marriage the group like this to at second time to fourth time stepping in-process, can inspect the charge and discharge performance of lithium battery many times, the group precision of joining in marriage of lithium battery improves in proper order, divides the three voltage range in this embodiment into two smaller voltage range intervals that the scope equals, can enough obtain the lithium battery that the uniformity is high and join in marriage the group, makes the technological process who joins in marriage the group succinct simultaneously, has higher practicality. The process personnel can comprehensively select the interval division mode and the interval number of the voltage range according to the required accuracy of the consistency of the batteries and the lithium battery matching cost.
Further, the preset magnification is in a range of 5C to 10C. The preset multiplying power range includes but is not limited to 5C to 10C, when the lithium battery is charged and discharged with a large multiplying power, the difference between the single lithium batteries is larger and larger, the service life of the lithium battery system is influenced, and therefore the battery matching obtained by the technical scheme of the application can have high accuracy. When the lithium battery is charged and discharged with a small multiplying power, the technical scheme of the application can be adopted to obtain the final lithium battery matching set, only the test parameters of response need to be adjusted, and the test parameters needing to be adjusted comprise a plurality of preset temperature ranges, a plurality of charge values and the like.
Further, the temperature change value is obtained by subtracting the test initial state temperature value from the temperature value of the lithium battery in the current state of charge. The lithium batteries are matched in a test environment with a preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature range is 20-30 ℃. The temperature rise of the lithium battery is convenient to measure and compare due to the arrangement, and the optimal value of the test environment reference temperature value is 25 ℃.
The first state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a first charge value of the lithium battery. The second state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a second charge value of the lithium battery. The third state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a third charge value of the lithium battery. The ranges of the first charge value, the second charge value and the third charge value are all 20-80%. The lithium battery matching precision is higher due to the arrangement, and the performance consistency of the final lithium battery matching and grouping is ensured to be high through the performance test of the lithium battery under a plurality of charge states.
Further, a temperature sensor can be installed on the lithium battery body to test the temperature rise generated when the lithium battery is adjusted to a specific load state at a preset multiplying power.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a lithium battery grouping method according to the present invention. It should be noted that the first specific SOC state corresponds to a first state of charge, the second specific SOC state corresponds to a second state of charge, and the third specific SOC state corresponds to a third state of charge. The first specific SOC state, and the first specific SOC state may be in a relationship in which a value increases or a value decreases, and S1: and acquiring performance parameters of the lithium battery, and performing primary grading.
S2: and (4) adjusting the lithium battery subjected to primary grading in the step (S1) to a first specific SOC state with a preset multiplying power, measuring the voltage value and the temperature rise of the lithium battery in the first specific SOC state, and performing secondary grading on the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the first preset temperature range according to the obtained first voltage range.
The method comprises the steps of adjusting the state of charge of the lithium battery to a first specific SOC state through a preset multiplying power to obtain a first battery voltage value V1 and a first battery temperature rise K1, wherein the first battery voltage value V1 is the battery voltage when the lithium battery is adjusted to the first specific SOC state through the preset multiplying power, and the first battery temperature rise K1 is the temperature change of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is adjusted to the first specific SOC state from an initial state through the preset multiplying power.
And eliminating the lithium batteries with the first battery temperature rise K1 exceeding the limit range, and performing secondary grading on the lithium batteries with the first temperature rise within a first preset temperature range after primary grading according to the first voltage range of the first battery voltage value V1.
S3: and (4) adjusting the lithium battery subjected to secondary grading in the step (S2) to a second specific SOC (state of charge) with a preset multiplying power, measuring the battery voltage value and the temperature change value of the lithium battery in the second specific SOC state, and performing tertiary grading on the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the limit value range according to the obtained second voltage range.
And adjusting the state of charge of the lithium battery to a second specific SOC state through a preset multiplying power to obtain a second battery voltage value V2 and a second battery temperature rise K2, wherein the second battery voltage value V2 is the battery voltage of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is adjusted to the second specific SOC state through the preset multiplying power, and the second battery temperature rise K2 is the temperature change of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is adjusted to the second specific SOC state from the initial state through the preset multiplying power.
And eliminating the lithium batteries with the second battery temperature rise K2 exceeding the limit range, and grading the lithium batteries with the temperature change value within a second preset temperature range for the third time after the second grading according to a second voltage range in which a second battery voltage value V2 is located.
S4: and (5) adjusting the lithium battery subjected to third grading in the step (S3) to a third specific SOC state with a preset multiplying power, measuring the voltage value and the temperature change value of the battery of the third specific SOC, and grading the lithium battery with the temperature change value within a third preset temperature range for the fourth time according to the obtained third voltage range to obtain the final lithium battery matching group.
And adjusting the state of charge of the lithium battery to a third specific SOC state through a preset multiplying power to obtain a third battery voltage value V3 and a third battery temperature rise K3, wherein the third battery voltage value V3 is the battery voltage of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is adjusted to the third specific SOC state through the preset multiplying power, and the third battery temperature rise K3 is the temperature change of the lithium battery when the lithium battery is adjusted to the third specific SOC state from the initial state through the preset multiplying power.
And eliminating the lithium batteries with the third battery temperature rise K3 exceeding the limit range, and grading the fourth battery voltage value of the lithium batteries with the temperature change value within the third preset temperature range after the third grading according to the third voltage range where the third battery voltage value V3 is located, so as to complete the grouping of the lithium batteries.
Taking a 22Ah lithium titanate battery as an example, the first specific SOC value is set to 20%, the second specific SOC value is set to 50%, the third specific SOC value is set to 80%, and the discharge rate is set to 6C. The corresponding limit range of the first battery temperature rise K1 is set to be more than 6 ℃ and less than or equal to K3 and less than or equal to 10 ℃, the corresponding limit range of the second battery temperature rise K2 is set to be more than 2 ℃ and less than or equal to K2 and less than or equal to 6 ℃, the corresponding limit range of the third battery temperature rise K3 is set to be more than or equal to 0 ℃ and less than or equal to K1 and less than or equal to 2 ℃, and the obtained grouping intervals are shown in the following table.
| Serial number | Section of pairing |
| First interval | V1≥1.90V,V2≥2.02V,V3≥2.20V |
| Second interval | V1≥1.90V,V2≥2.02V,V3＜2.20V |
| The third interval | V1≥1.90V,V2＜2.02V,V3＜2.20V |
| The fourth interval | V1≥1.90V,V2＜2.02V,V3≥2.20V |
| The fifth interval | V1＜1.90V,V2≥2.02V,V3≥2.20V |
| The sixth interval | V1＜1.90V,V2≥2.02V,V3＜2.20V |
| The seventh interval | V1＜1.90V,V2＜2.02V,V3＜2.20V |
| The eighth interval | V1＜1.90V,V2＜2.02V,V3≥2.20V |
By adopting the technical scheme, the lithium batteries with the same heating rates and voltage change trends under different charging and discharging conditions are matched, the consistency of a battery system is better, and the service life is longer.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition to the foregoing, it should be noted that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally throughout this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A lithium battery matching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adjusting a plurality of lithium batteries from an initial state to a first charge state respectively according to preset multiplying power, and dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting a first test standard into a plurality of first lithium battery packs;
adjusting the lithium batteries in the first lithium battery packs to a second state of charge from the initial state by the preset multiplying power respectively, removing the lithium batteries which do not accord with a second test standard, and grouping the first lithium battery packs which remove the lithium batteries which do not accord with the second test standard to form a plurality of second lithium battery packs;
and adjusting the lithium batteries in the second lithium battery pack from the initial state to a third charge state at the preset multiplying power, eliminating the lithium batteries which do not accord with a third test standard, and grouping the second lithium battery packs which do not accord with the third test standard to obtain a final lithium battery group.
2. The lithium battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial state is a fully discharged state of the lithium battery or a fully charged state of the lithium battery.
3. The lithium battery grouping method according to claim 1, wherein before the plurality of lithium batteries are respectively adjusted from the initial state to the first state of charge with the preset multiplying power, the method further comprises obtaining performance parameters of the lithium batteries, and rejecting abnormal lithium batteries according to the performance parameters of the lithium batteries, wherein the performance parameters of the lithium batteries include a room-temperature discharge capacity parameter, an average voltage parameter, a self-discharge rate parameter, and an internal resistance parameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein dividing the plurality of lithium batteries meeting the first test criteria into the plurality of first lithium battery packs comprises:
measuring temperature change values of the lithium batteries in the first charge state, and measuring voltage values of the lithium batteries in the first charge state to obtain a first voltage range;
dividing the first voltage range into a plurality of first voltage intervals, and removing a plurality of lithium batteries which do not meet the first test standard and are positioned in the same first voltage interval to form the first lithium battery pack;
and determining the first preset temperature range according to the first charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the first preset temperature range meets the first test standard.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of grouping the first lithium battery packs that are rejected as lithium batteries that do not meet the second test criteria to form the second lithium battery packs comprises:
measuring a temperature change value of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack in the second state of charge, and measuring a voltage value of the lithium battery in the second state of charge to obtain a second voltage range;
dividing the second voltage range into a plurality of second voltage intervals, and removing the lithium batteries which are positioned in the same second voltage interval from the plurality of first lithium battery packs which do not meet the second test standard to form the second lithium battery pack;
and determining the second preset temperature range according to the second charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the second preset temperature range is the lithium battery meeting the second test standard.
6. The lithium battery matching method according to claim 1, wherein the method for grouping the rejected second lithium battery packs that do not meet the third test standard to obtain the final lithium battery matching group comprises:
measuring a temperature change value of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack in the third state of charge, and measuring a voltage value of the lithium battery in the third state of charge to obtain a third voltage range;
dividing the third voltage range into a plurality of third voltage intervals, and removing the lithium batteries which are positioned in the same third voltage interval in a plurality of second lithium battery packs which do not meet the third test standard to form the final lithium battery matching group;
and determining the third preset temperature range according to the third charge state, wherein the lithium battery with the temperature change value within the third preset temperature range is the lithium battery meeting the third test standard.
7. The lithium battery grouping method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined magnification is in a range of 5C to 10C.
8. The lithium battery grouping method according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the temperature variation value is a temperature value of the lithium battery at a current state of charge minus an initial state temperature value, the lithium battery is grouped in a test environment having a preset temperature, and the preset temperature range is 20 ℃ to 30 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a first charge value of the lithium battery, the second state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a second charge value of the lithium battery, the third state of charge of the lithium battery corresponds to a third charge value of the lithium battery, and the first charge value, the second charge value, and the third charge value all range from 20% to 80%.
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