CN114122462A - Cold purging method for fuel cell - Google Patents
Cold purging method for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122462A CN114122462A CN202010867181.3A CN202010867181A CN114122462A CN 114122462 A CN114122462 A CN 114122462A CN 202010867181 A CN202010867181 A CN 202010867181A CN 114122462 A CN114122462 A CN 114122462A
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- fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cold purging method of a fuel cell, which comprises the steps of starting up, carrying to a target current A, setting a stable running time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, starting up successfully; if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the starting is failed, if the loading current in the single low is smaller than or equal to the low electric density and the standard deviation state of the single-low front stack is larger than or equal to the preset value, the single-low fault is judged to be caused by membrane interference, the single-low fault does not enter a purging state, and the single-low fault immediately enters a secondary starting state; repeating the operation, and entering a purging shutdown state if the starting is in single-low fault after three times of continuous starting; according to the method, the vicious circle that the galvanic pile falls into the membrane stem due to excessive repetitive purging is avoided through the judgment of the loading current and the standard deviation; if the membrane is judged to be low, the system is given a chance of being restarted for the second time; the failure rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the experience of customers is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cold purging method for a fuel cell.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is widely applied to the fields of new energy automobiles, war industry, ships and the like due to the advantages of high energy conversion rate, no pollution, low noise, zero emission and the like.
Water content is an important parameter in fuel cells. Proton conductivity is closely related to water content, and good output performance corresponds to a fully wetted proton exchange membrane. Too much or too little water content inside the fuel cell can adversely affect the performance of the fuel cell. When the internal water content is too high, a flooding phenomenon occurs, and excessive water blocks the transmission of the reaction gas to cause a low gas shortage. Insufficient water content can lead to dry membrane failure. The proton conductivity decreases, resulting in a decrease in the output voltage of the system and a lower efficiency. Severe membrane dry failure, which can even lead to membrane tearing, can severely impact fuel cell output performance and remaining life over long periods of dry membrane conditions.
The operation and purge conditions of the fuel cell system have a significant impact on the water content. If the running state or purging is not proper, the next startup is seriously influenced. Particularly in winter, the purged high-temperature moisture is usually condensed and frozen after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to the ambient temperature, so that the catalytic layer and the diffusion layer are blocked, the reaction is prevented from being carried out when the machine is started again, and the volume change caused by freezing of water can damage the structure of the membrane electrode assembly, so that the performance is attenuated. To avoid this problem, a cold purge is typically performed for a longer period of time. An excessively cold purge may cause the fuel cell to be overdry.
Referring to fig. 1, if the fuel cell fails to start, the entire vehicle is usually purged, powered off, and then started again. Not only can the over-dry vicious circle be generated, but also the experience of the client is very poor. Therefore, how to judge whether the membrane is excessively dry through the operation parameter state of the fuel cell at the time of starting up can effectively avoid the vicious circle through a strategy.
The conventional patent cn200510126365.x judges the dry and wet state of the fuel cell membrane by an alternating current impedance method. The alternating current impedance method firstly needs to measure an ideal internal resistance Nyqiust diagram of the fuel cell under different operating conditions. Secondly, in the running process of the whole vehicle, the internal resistance of the galvanic pile is detected in real time by using an alternating current impedance method, and the dryness and wetness degree of the membrane is judged by comparing an ideal internal resistance diagram. And corresponding operation is carried out according to the dry and wet degree to adjust the real-time water content.
In order to ensure the safe operation of the fuel cell and the effectiveness of the test, the amplitude of the sinusoidal alternating current required for testing the internal resistance is controlled within 10 percent (5 percent is optimal) of the direct current of the fuel cell, otherwise, the disturbance on the fuel cell is too large, and the normal operation of the fuel cell is influenced. However, in the running process of the whole vehicle, the direct current changes in real time according to the requirements of the whole vehicle. Especially, in the process of large load change of the whole vehicle, the direct current span is large, and the test accuracy is seriously influenced. Therefore, the internal resistance of the fuel cell cannot be accurately tested in the running process of the whole vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cold purging method of the fuel cell is provided for judging whether the engine is in a dry membrane state or not through the starting performance of the fuel cell so as to avoid the vicious circle of purging and starting due to dry membrane in the starting process as much as possible.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cold purge method for fuel cell includes
Starting up, carrying to a target current A, setting a stable running time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, starting up successfully;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the start-up fails, if the loading current in the single low is smaller than or equal to the low current density and the standard deviation state of the stack before the single low is larger than or equal to the preset value, the single low fault is judged to be caused by membrane interference, the single low fault does not enter a purging state, and the single low fault immediately enters a secondary start-up state;
and repeating the operations, and if the startup is a single low fault after three times of continuous startup, reporting the single low fault by the system and entering a purging shutdown state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method and the device have the advantages that judgment is carried out through the loading current state and the standard deviation, so that the problems that the membrane is too dry, is short of sufficient water and cannot be loaded to a large current are solved, and the problem that the consistency of the performance of the galvanic pile is poor due to the too dry membrane is also solved; therefore, the vicious circle that the electric pile falls into the membrane stem due to excessive repetitive purging is avoided through the judgment of the loading current and the standard deviation; if the membrane is judged to be low, the cold purging is cancelled, and meanwhile, the system is given a chance of secondary restarting; the failure rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the experience of customers is enhanced. The cold blowing strategy not only meets the requirement of the galvanic pile on cold blowing, but also meets the requirement of the circulating pump on cold blowing, so that the circulating pump can normally rotate when the cold starting is carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art fuel cell start-up single low strategy flow;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a cold purge method for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
A cold purge method for fuel cell includes
Starting up, carrying to a target current A, setting a stable running time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, starting up successfully;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the start-up fails, if the loading current in the single low is smaller than or equal to the low current density and the standard deviation state of the stack before the single low is larger than or equal to the preset value, the single low fault is judged to be caused by membrane interference, the single low fault does not enter a purging state, and the single low fault immediately enters a secondary start-up state;
and repeating the operations, and if the startup is a single low fault after three times of continuous startup, reporting the single low fault by the system and entering a purging shutdown state.
From the above description, the current loading state and the standard deviation are used for judging, so that the problems that the membrane is too dry, lacks sufficient water and cannot be loaded with large current are avoided, and the problem that the consistency of the performance of the galvanic pile is poor due to the too dry membrane is also avoided; therefore, the vicious circle that the electric pile falls into the membrane stem due to excessive repetitive purging is avoided through the judgment of the loading current and the standard deviation; if the membrane is judged to be low, the cold purging is cancelled, and meanwhile, the system is given a chance of secondary restarting; the failure rate can be reduced to a certain extent, and the experience of customers is enhanced. The cold blowing strategy not only meets the requirement of the galvanic pile on cold blowing, but also meets the requirement of the circulating pump on cold blowing, so that the circulating pump can normally rotate when the cold starting is carried out.
Further, before entering the purging shutdown state, the water temperature is waited to be reduced to 5-20 ℃.
From the above description, the low-temperature purging is performed by waiting for the water temperature to be reduced to 5-20 ℃ before entering the purging and shutdown state, so that the shortest purging time for starting and running of the circulating pump is ensured.
Further, a warning is issued when it is judged that the single low failure is caused by the membrane stem.
Examples
Referring to fig. 2, a cold purge method for a fuel cell includes
Starting up, carrying to a target current A (the requirement of the whole vehicle), setting a stable running time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, starting up successfully;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the start-up fails, if the loading current at the single low is less than or equal to the low current density (low current density) and the standard deviation state of the single low front stack is greater than or equal to a preset value (n), the single low fault is judged to be caused by membrane interference, the purging state is not entered, and meanwhile, a warning is given; entering a secondary starting-up state immediately after the single low;
repeating the above operations, if the starting is single low fault after three times of continuous starting, the system reports the single low fault, and simultaneously enters a purging shutdown state, and the water temperature is waited to be reduced to 5-20 ℃ before entering the purging shutdown state.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cold purge method for a fuel cell, comprising
Starting up, carrying to a target current A, setting a stable running time t1, and if A and t1 are met at the same time, starting up successfully;
if the lowest single chip Vmin is lower than the lower limit value V1 of the single chip of the fuel cell in the operation process, the start-up fails, if the loading current in the single low is smaller than or equal to the low current density and the standard deviation state of the stack before the single low is larger than or equal to the preset value, the single low fault is judged to be caused by membrane interference, the single low fault does not enter a purging state, and the single low fault immediately enters a secondary start-up state;
and repeating the operations, and if the startup is a single low fault after three times of continuous startup, reporting the single low fault by the system and entering a purging shutdown state.
2. A fuel cell cold purge method according to claim 1, wherein the water temperature is waited to drop to 5-20 ℃ before entering purge shutdown state.
3. A fuel cell cold purge method according to claim 1, wherein a warning is issued upon determining that the single low fault is caused by a dry membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867181.3A CN114122462B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Fuel cell cold blowing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867181.3A CN114122462B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Fuel cell cold blowing method |
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| CN114122462A true CN114122462A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114122462B CN114122462B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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