CN114113676B - Wind speed measurement system and method - Google Patents

Wind speed measurement system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114113676B
CN114113676B CN202111398927.1A CN202111398927A CN114113676B CN 114113676 B CN114113676 B CN 114113676B CN 202111398927 A CN202111398927 A CN 202111398927A CN 114113676 B CN114113676 B CN 114113676B
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wind speed
ultrasonic
ultrasonic probe
measurement mode
probe assembly
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CN114113676A (en
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徐宇红
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Shenzhen Fine Offset Electronics Co ltd
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Shenzhen Fine Offset Electronics Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/128953 priority patent/WO2023088084A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/24Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
    • G01P5/245Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by measuring transit time of acoustical waves

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and relates to a wind speed measurement system and a wind speed measurement method. Wherein, wind speed measurement system includes: an ultrasonic probe assembly and a controller. The ultrasonic probe assembly is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves and comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes, two opposite ultrasonic probes are arranged into a group, and connecting lines between the two groups of ultrasonic probes are mutually perpendicular; the controller is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe assembly, and the controller is used for controlling the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch between a first measurement mode and a second measurement mode, wherein the first measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides. The measuring modes of the ultrasonic probe assembly are switched through the controller, so that different wind speeds can be measured by different measuring modes, and the measuring range of wind speed measurement is improved.

Description

Wind speed measurement system and method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, in particular to a wind speed measuring system and a wind speed measuring method.
Background
Wind speed is an indispensable item in meteorological environment monitoring, and ultrasonic anemometers are currently used for measuring wind speed in a large number.
The working principle of the ultrasonic anemometer is to realize the measurement of wind speed by utilizing an ultrasonic time difference method. The ultrasonic anemometer uses four ultrasonic probes to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, thereby realizing measurement of wind speed.
Normally, an ultrasonic anemometer determines the wind speed in the direction of the line connecting the two probes by measuring the time difference between the two probes. Four probes are arranged, and the connecting lines between the four probes are perpendicular to each other, so that the wind speed in four directions can be measured.
However, when the wind speed is measured by the ultrasonic anemometer in the prior art in the manner described above, only one phase time difference, namely 25us, can be processed. The maximum wind speed of the wind speed measurement is limited to 40m/s, and when the wind speed exceeds this value, the wind speed measurement is not sufficiently measured. The high wind speeds cannot be measured by ultrasonic anemometers of the prior art. And so also can make the user experience poor, reduce the life of ultrasonic anemometer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of insufficient measuring range of wind speed measurement in the related art, the application provides a wind speed measurement system and a wind speed measurement method.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wind speed measurement system, including:
The ultrasonic probe assembly is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves and comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes, the ultrasonic probes which are opposite to each other in pairs are arranged into a group, and connecting lines between the two groups of ultrasonic probes are mutually perpendicular;
The controller is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe assembly, the controller is used for controlling the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch between a first measurement mode and a second measurement mode, the first measurement mode is used for measuring time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides.
Optionally, when the wind speed measured by the first measurement mode is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the controller controls the measurement mode of the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch to the second measurement mode.
Optionally, the range of the preset threshold is greater than or equal to 36m/s.
Optionally, the ultrasonic probe emits at a frequency of 40KHz.
Optionally, the number of the ultrasonic probes is four.
Optionally, the wind speed measurement system further comprises an upper cover and a base, the upper cover and the base are covered to form a hollow inner cavity for accommodating the ultrasonic probe assembly.
Optionally, the controller is disposed above the ultrasonic probe assembly, and the controller is housed in the hollow cavity.
Optionally, the wind speed measurement system further comprises a power supply assembly disposed below the ultrasonic probe assembly for providing electrical energy to the ultrasonic probe assembly.
Optionally, the controller has a communication module for wireless communication with an external device and transmitting wind speed measurement data into the external device.
In a second aspect, the wind speed measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to the wind speed measurement system, and includes the following steps:
Acquiring the current wind speed in real time;
When the current wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, controlling the first measurement mode to switch to the second measurement mode; the first measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
The embodiment of the application provides a wind speed measurement system which comprises an ultrasonic probe assembly and a controller. The ultrasonic probe assembly is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves and comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes, two opposite ultrasonic probes are arranged into a group, and connecting lines between the two groups of ultrasonic probes are mutually perpendicular; the controller is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe assembly, and the controller is used for controlling the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch between a first measurement mode and a second measurement mode, wherein the first measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides. Thus, the ultrasonic probe assembly is controlled by the controller so as to adopt different measurement modes according to the wind speed. The limitation of the wind speed measurement range when the ultrasonic probe assembly is in the first measurement mode can be avoided, and the second measurement mode can be replaced under the condition of high wind speed, so that the fault resistance of the ultrasonic probe assembly is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a wind speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic probe according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a wind speed measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
100. A wind speed measurement system; 110. an ultrasonic probe; 120. a controller; 130. an upper cover; 140. a base; 150. and a power supply assembly.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a wind speed measurement system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an ultrasonic probe assembly and a controller 120. The ultrasonic probe assembly is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, and comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes 110, wherein the ultrasonic probes 110 are arranged in a group in a pairwise manner, and the connecting lines between the two groups of ultrasonic probes 110 are mutually perpendicular. The controller 120 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic probe assembly, and the controller 120 is configured to control the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch between a first measurement mode for measuring a time difference between two sets of ultrasonic probes 110 and a second measurement mode for measuring a time difference between one ultrasonic probe 110 and two ultrasonic probes 110 located at right angles adjacent sides.
Thus, when the wind speed is less than the preset threshold value, the ultrasonic probe assembly adopts the first measurement mode to measure. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value, the controller 120 controls the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch from the first measurement mode to the second measurement mode, and the second measurement mode can measure a larger wind speed value. Therefore, on one hand, the phenomenon that the measuring range of the wind speed is insufficient when the wind speed is in the first measuring mode and the measurement of the large wind speed cannot be met can be avoided; on the other hand, setting two measurement modes may also improve the ability of the ultrasonic probe assembly to resist faults, requiring four ultrasonic probes 110 for measurement in the first measurement mode, and three ultrasonic probes 110 for measurement in the second measurement mode.
When the wind speed measured in the first measurement mode is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the controller 120 controls the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch to the second measurement mode. When the wind speed measurement system 100 performs wind speed measurement, the wind speed is measured by the first measurement mode, and when the wind speed measured by the first measurement mode reaches the preset threshold value, the controller 120 adjusts the measurement mode of the ultrasonic probe assembly to the second measurement mode. In this way, the first measurement mode may measure for wind speeds less than a preset threshold value and the second measurement mode measures for wind speeds greater than the preset threshold value, thereby improving the span selection of wind speed measurements.
The range of the preset threshold is greater than or equal to 36m/s. The value range of the preset threshold value can be set to be smaller than or equal to 40m/s. When the preset threshold value is smaller than or equal to 36m/s, the wind speed is measured by adopting a first measuring mode, and at the moment, the wind speed is small, and the measuring result is accurate. When the wind speed measured in the first measurement mode is greater than 36m/s, the second measurement mode is adopted for measurement, and when the wind speed measured in the second measurement mode is less than 30m/s, the controller 120 controls the ultrasonic probe assembly to be converted into the first measurement mode. Thereby expanding the measuring range of wind speed measurement and improving the accuracy of wind speed measurement. Of course, the preset threshold value may also be set to 40m/s, so that when the maximum value of the first measurement mode is reached, the second measurement mode is switched.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic probe 110 emits at a frequency of 40KHz. In the first measurement mode, the number of ultrasonic probes 110 is four. In the second measurement mode, the number of ultrasonic probes 110 may be three. The connection lines between the three ultrasonic probes 110 may be formed as an equilateral right triangle.
In the first measurement mode, four ultrasonic probes 110 are mounted at A, B, C and D, respectively. The time difference in wind speed in the x and y directions is determined by measuring the time difference in ultrasonic transmission and reception between AB and CD.
The time difference between AB is calculated as:
delta_t=l AB/(c_wind speed+v) -L AB/(c_wind speed-V);
From this, it can be derived that: v=delta_t C2/2L.
Where L AB is the distance between AB, delta_T is the time difference, c_wind speed is a parameter of wind speed, C is the speed of sound in air, and V is the wind speed.
Because of the limitations of the characteristics of the ultrasonic probe 110, only one phase time difference, namely 25us, can be processed, the upper limit of the measured wind speed is generally 40m/s. The speed is inversely proportional to the distance, i.e. the greater L, the smaller the speed that can be measured.
The inventors found that outside the conventional correlation method, wind speed can be measured by measuring the time difference of ultrasonic waves from C to A, A to C, and the time difference from C to B, B to C. Such that the distance of L is reduced toThe wind speed is increased from the original maximum measured speed of 40m/s to 56m/s.
SQR (2) =1.414, SQR represents root number, and the distance of the original L is reduced to be the same as the distance of the adjacent sides of the isosceles right triangle for calculationIf the maximum wind speed that can be measured in the first measurement mode is 30m/s, the wind speed that can be measured in the second measurement mode is 42m/s. If the maximum wind speed that can be measured in the first measurement mode is 40m/s, then the wind speed that can be measured in the second measurement mode is 56m/s.
Since the ultrasonic probe 110 of 40KHz is adopted, the requirement for the ultrasonic probe 110 can be reduced. The design can ensure the accuracy of low wind speed measurement, and the ultrasonic probe 110 positioned at the right-angle adjacent side is adopted for measurement under the condition of high wind speed exceeding 40m/s so as to increase the range.
The wind speed measurement system 100 further includes an upper cover 130 and a base 140, the upper cover 130 and the base 140 being capped to form a hollow interior cavity housing the ultrasonic probe assembly. The upper cover 130 and the base 140 may be detachably connected, specifically, may be a snap-fit connection or a threaded connection. The base 140 has a plurality of through holes to accommodate the ultrasonic probe 110 and allow the ultrasonic probe 110 to transmit or receive ultrasonic waves.
The controller 120 is disposed above the ultrasonic probe assembly, and the controller 120 is accommodated in the hollow inner cavity. After the upper cover 130 and the base 140 are covered, rainwater can be prevented from infiltrating into the controller 120, short circuit of the controller 120 is avoided, and the service life of the wind speed measuring device is prolonged.
The wind speed measurement system 100 further includes a power supply assembly 150, the power supply assembly 150 being disposed below the ultrasonic probe assembly for providing electrical power to the ultrasonic probe assembly. The power supply assembly 150 includes a super capacitor and a battery, which may be a disposable battery or a rechargeable battery.
The controller 120 has a communication module for wireless communication with an external device and transmitting wind speed measurement data into the external device. Thus, the user can acquire the current wind speed in real time.
Referring to fig. 4, a wind speed measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application is applied to the wind speed measurement system 100, and includes the following steps:
s100: acquiring the current wind speed in real time;
S200: when the current wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, controlling the first measurement mode to switch to the second measurement mode; the first measurement mode is for measuring a time difference between two sets of ultrasonic probes 110, and the second measurement mode is for measuring a time difference between one ultrasonic probe 110 and two ultrasonic probes 110 located at right angles to adjacent sides.
Thus, by using the wind speed measurement method provided by the embodiment of the application, the current wind speed is obtained in real time, whether the current wind speed is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value is judged, and if the current wind speed is less than the preset threshold value, the first measurement mode is controlled to be operated. And when the current wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, controlling to operate a second measurement mode. So that different measurement modes are adopted according to the wind speed. Inaccurate measurement of wind speed when in the first measurement mode can be avoided, and the fault resistance of the ultrasonic probe assembly can be improved.
It should be noted that, instead of changing from low wind speed to high wind speed immediately, there is a process of changing the wind speed from small to large, so when wind speed measurement is started, the first measurement mode is adopted to perform pre-detection first, and then the measurement mode is adjusted according to the actual wind speed. And the accuracy of wind speed measurement is improved.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. A wind speed measurement system, comprising:
The ultrasonic probe assembly is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves and comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes, the ultrasonic probes which are opposite to each other in pairs are arranged into a group, and connecting lines between the two groups of ultrasonic probes are mutually perpendicular;
The controller is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe assembly and is used for controlling the ultrasonic probe assembly to switch between a first measurement mode and a second measurement mode, the first measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides;
when the wind speed measured by the first measurement mode is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, the controller controls the measurement mode of the ultrasonic probe assembly to be switched to the second measurement mode.
2. Wind speed measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the preset threshold value is in the range of 36m/s or more.
3. The wind speed measurement system of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic probe emits at a frequency of 40KHz.
4. The wind speed measurement system of claim 1, wherein the number of ultrasonic probes is four.
5. The wind speed measurement system of claim 1, further comprising an upper cover and a base that are closed to form a hollow interior cavity that houses the ultrasonic probe assembly.
6. The wind speed measurement system of claim 5, wherein the controller is disposed above the ultrasonic probe assembly and the controller is housed in the hollow interior.
7. The wind speed measurement system of claim 1, further comprising a power supply assembly disposed below the ultrasonic probe assembly for providing electrical power to the ultrasonic probe assembly.
8. The wind speed measurement system of claim 7, wherein the controller has a communication module for wirelessly communicating with an external device and transmitting wind speed measurement data into the external device.
9. A wind speed measurement method applied to a wind speed measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
Acquiring the current wind speed in real time;
When the current wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, controlling the first measurement mode to switch to the second measurement mode; the first measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between two groups of ultrasonic probes, and the second measurement mode is used for measuring the time difference between one ultrasonic probe and two ultrasonic probes positioned on right-angle adjacent sides.
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