CN109782018B - Ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement experimental instrument and measurement method - Google Patents

Ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement experimental instrument and measurement method Download PDF

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CN109782018B
CN109782018B CN201910046760.9A CN201910046760A CN109782018B CN 109782018 B CN109782018 B CN 109782018B CN 201910046760 A CN201910046760 A CN 201910046760A CN 109782018 B CN109782018 B CN 109782018B
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ultrasonic
wind
signal
generator
receiver
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CN109782018A (en
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荣振宇
张莉
张宁
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University of Jinan
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University of Jinan
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Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument and a measuring method, wherein the ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument comprises a base and is characterized in that: the ultrasonic wave generator is characterized in that a function signal generator, an oscilloscope, a first ultrasonic wave generator, a first ultrasonic wave receiver, a second ultrasonic wave generator and a second ultrasonic wave receiver are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a fan is placed on the base, the first ultrasonic wave generator is over against the first ultrasonic wave receiver, and the second ultrasonic wave generator is over against the second ultrasonic wave receiver. The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic wind speed and direction measuring experimental instrument. Compared with the original wind speed measuring method, the wind speed measuring method has the advantages that the mechanical movement of the measuring device is avoided, and the accuracy of a time (difference) measuring circuit is not depended on, so that the influence of external factors is smaller in theory, and a non-contact measuring means is adopted.

Description

Ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement experimental instrument and measurement method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument and a measuring method.
Background
In the aspect of wind speed and direction measurement, currently commonly used instruments are a wing anemometer, a cup anemometer, a heat-sensitive anemometer, an ultrasonic anemometer and the like. The wing-shaped anemometer and the cup-shaped anemometer are convenient to use, but the mechanical frictional resistance and inertia of the wing-shaped anemometer and the cup-shaped anemometer are large, so that the wing-shaped anemometer and the cup-shaped anemometer are only suitable for measuring the condition of large wind speed, and cannot be used in some occasions needing to measure small wind speed; the conventional mechanical instruments have a lot of moving parts, so that the defects of structural wear, short service life, incapability of being used in a severe environment, high maintenance cost and the like exist, and in addition, the sensitivity of the mechanical wind measuring instrument is low due to the limitation of the mechanical structure and the measurement principle of the mechanical wind measuring instrument; the thermosensitive anemometer is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature due to the limitation of the self-measuring principle, so that the applicable occasions are limited; most of the existing ultrasonic anemometry instruments adopt measurement methods based on time difference, frequency difference, phase difference or Doppler effect, but the core of the measurement methods is measurement based on absolute time (or time difference), so that the methods have extremely high requirements on the precision of a time (difference) measurement circuit and a related algorithm, which is a defect of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument and a measuring method, which are beneficial to measuring wind speed and wind direction.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose of the invention:
the utility model provides an ultrasonic wave wind speed wind direction measurement experiment appearance, includes the base, characterized by: the ultrasonic wave generator is characterized in that a function signal generator, an oscilloscope, a first ultrasonic wave generator, a first ultrasonic wave receiver, a second ultrasonic wave generator and a second ultrasonic wave receiver are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a fan is placed on the base, the first ultrasonic wave generator is over against the first ultrasonic wave receiver, and the second ultrasonic wave generator is over against the second ultrasonic wave receiver.
As a further limitation to the present technical solution, the first ultrasonic generator, the first ultrasonic receiver, the second ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic receiver are located in the same plane.
As a further limitation of this technical solution, a propagation path between the first ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic receiver is LxSaid super-superThe propagation path of the second sound wave generator and the second ultrasonic wave receiver is LySaid L isxAnd said LyAre orthogonal.
A measuring method of an ultrasonic wave wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a first ultrasonic generator and a second ultrasonic generator are simultaneously connected into a signal output port of a function signal generator through a tee joint, a joint of a first ultrasonic receiver is connected into a CH1 interface of an oscilloscope, a joint of a second ultrasonic receiver is connected into a CH2 interface of the oscilloscope, a synchronous signal joint of the function signal generator is directly connected into an external trigger interface of the oscilloscope through a signal wire, switches of all instruments are pressed down, the function signal generator selects a sine wave shape, the frequency value and the amplitude value of an output signal are adjusted to be consistent with the working frequency and the amplitude of the first ultrasonic generator, the first ultrasonic receiver, the second ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic receiver, and the oscilloscope selects an external trigger mode;
step 2: adjusting a propagation path L of a first ultrasonic generator and a first ultrasonic receiver under the windless conditionxAnd a propagation path L of the second ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic receiveryThe waveforms of the two paths of signals CH1 and CH2 displayed by the oscilloscope coincide at the same time, namely the initial phases of the two paths of signals in a windless state are the same, and the initial positions of the two paths of wave signals CH1 and CH2 at the same time are recorded;
and step 3: the wind with certain speed and certain direction is applied by the fan, the position of the CH1 wave signal of the first ultrasonic generator branch and the first ultrasonic receiver branch is changed compared with the initial wave signal, namely the phase of the CH1 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on the oscilloscope
Figure BDA0001949458700000021
And 4, step 4: the position of the CH2 wave signal of the second branch of the ultrasonic generator and the second branch of the ultrasonic receiver is changed compared with the position of the initial wave signal of the second branch of the ultrasonic generator, namely the phase of the CH2 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on an oscilloscope
Figure BDA0001949458700000022
And 5: keeping the wind direction unchanged, increasing the wind speed, and repeating the steps 1 to 4;
step 6: measuring and recording two-branch path length LxAnd LyReading and recording the ultrasonic frequency f0And the position of the fan;
and 7: the operation process of operating on the data is as follows:
the first step is as follows:
take Lx branch as an example:
in the absence of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000031
in the formula, V0Setting the positive direction of ultrasonic wave emission to be along LxFrom the first ultrasonic generator to the first ultrasonic receiver;
txthe ultrasonic signal propagation time is the windless time;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000032
v is the total wind speed;
Figure BDA0001949458700000033
is in the form of a vector of V;
in case of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000034
in the formula: t'xIn case of wind LxDirectional ultrasonic signal propagation time;
Vxis along LxThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
Vyis along LyThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000035
Figure BDA0001949458700000036
in the formula: Δ txWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal propagation time difference;
ΔLx＝V0×Δtx(formula 4)
In the formula: Δ LxWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal acoustic path difference;
Figure BDA0001949458700000037
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000041
wind and no wind LxThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
finishing (formula 5) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000042
the second step is that:
in the same way, LyBranch circuit:
Figure BDA0001949458700000043
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000044
wind and no wind LyThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
the third step:
simultaneous equations (equation 6) and (equation 7) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000045
Figure BDA0001949458700000046
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000047
Figure BDA0001949458700000048
the fourth step:
obtaining the total wind speed by using the Pythagorean theorem:
Figure BDA0001949458700000049
the fifth step:
calculating the wind direction:
Figure BDA0001949458700000051
in the formula: alpha wind speed direction and LxAngle in the positive direction from LxFrom the positive direction, the anticlockwise direction is positive;
binding VxAnd VyThe positive and negative of the angle alpha are analyzed to obtain the accurate angle alpha.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: compared with the original method for measuring the wind speed, the measuring method avoids the mechanical movement of the measuring device and does not depend on the precision of a time (difference) measuring circuit, so that the measuring method is less influenced by external factors theoretically and is a non-contact measuring means.
Under the action of wind with certain speed and direction, the ultrasonic signals received by the two branches are compared with the phase of the driving signal and are changed, corresponding phase change values are observed and recorded respectively, and the wind speed and the wind direction of any wind can be measured through a series of calculation and analysis.
The experiment appearance chooses the ultrasonic wave for use as the sound source to carry out the experiment, has reduced the interference of other sound waves of external world, has prevented simultaneously that the long-time effect of co-frequency sound from arousing observer's health to be uncomfortable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a first experimental schematic of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a second experimental schematic of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a third experimental schematic of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a fourth experimental schematic of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the ultrasonic testing device comprises a base, 2, a function signal generator, 3, an oscilloscope, 4, a first ultrasonic generator, 5, a first ultrasonic receiver, 6, a second ultrasonic generator, 7, a second ultrasonic receiver, 8 and a fan.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the ultrasonic diagnosis device comprises a base 1, wherein a function signal generator 2, an oscilloscope 3, a first ultrasonic generator 4, a first ultrasonic receiver 5, a second ultrasonic generator 6 and a second ultrasonic receiver 7 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1, a fan 8 is placed on the base 1, the first ultrasonic generator 4 is over against the first ultrasonic receiver 5, and the second ultrasonic generator 6 is over against the second ultrasonic receiver 7.
The first ultrasonic generator 4, the first ultrasonic receiver 5, the second ultrasonic generator 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver 7 are located in the same plane.
The propagation path of the ultrasonic generator I4 and the ultrasonic receiver I5 is LxThe propagation path of the second ultrasonic generator 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver 7 is LySaid L isxAnd said LyAre orthogonal.
A measuring method of an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the ultrasonic generator I4 and the ultrasonic generator II 6 are simultaneously connected with a signal output port of the function signal generator 2 through a tee joint, the joint of the ultrasonic receiver I5 is connected with a CH1 interface of the oscilloscope 3, the joint of the ultrasonic receiver II 7 is connected with a CH2 interface of the oscilloscope 3, a synchronous signal joint of the function signal generator 2 is directly connected with an external trigger interface of the oscilloscope 3 through a signal wire, switches of all instruments are pressed down, the function signal generator 2 selects sine wave waveforms, the frequency value and the amplitude value of an output signal are adjusted to be consistent with the working frequency and the amplitude of the ultrasonic generator I4, the ultrasonic receiver I5, the ultrasonic generator II 6 and the ultrasonic receiver II 7, and the oscilloscope 3 selects an external trigger mode;
step 2: adjusting the propagation path L of the ultrasonic generator I4 and the ultrasonic receiver I5 under the windless conditionxAnd a propagation path L of the second ultrasonic generator 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver 7yThe same, the waveforms of the CH1 and CH2 signals displayed by the oscilloscope 3 coincide, that is, the initial phases of the two signals are the same in the windless state, and the initial positions of the CH1 and CH2 signals are recorded;
and step 3: the wind with certain speed and certain direction is applied by the fan 8, the position of the CH1 wave signal of the first 4 ultrasonic wave generator and the first 5 ultrasonic wave receiver branch compared with the initial wave signal is changed, namely the phase of the CH1 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on the oscilloscope 3
Figure BDA0001949458700000061
And 4, step 4: the position of the CH2 wave signal of the second ultrasonic generator branch 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver branch 7 is changed compared with the initial wave signal, namely the phase of the CH2 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on the oscilloscope 3
Figure BDA0001949458700000062
And 5: keeping the wind direction unchanged, increasing the wind speed, and repeating the steps 1 to 4;
step 6: measuring and recording two-branch path length LxAnd LyReading and recording the ultrasonic frequency f0And the position of the fan 8;
and 7: the operation process of operating on the data is as follows:
the first step is as follows:
take Lx branch as an example:
in the absence of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000071
in the formula, V0Setting the positive direction of ultrasonic wave emission to be along LxFrom a first ultrasonic generator (4) to said first ultrasonic receiver (5);
txthe ultrasonic signal propagation time is the windless time;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000072
v is the total wind speed;
Figure BDA0001949458700000073
is in the form of a vector of V;
in case of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000074
in the formula: t'xIn case of wind LxDirectional ultrasonic signal propagation time;
Vxis along LxThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
Vyis along LyThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000075
Figure BDA0001949458700000076
in the formula: Δ txWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal propagation time difference;
ΔLx＝V0×Δtx(formula 4)
In the formula: Δ LxWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal acoustic path difference;
Figure BDA0001949458700000081
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000082
wind and no wind LxThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
finishing (formula 5) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000083
the second step is that:
in the same way, LyBranch circuit:
Figure BDA0001949458700000084
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000085
wind and no wind LyThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
the third step:
simultaneous equations (equation 6) and (equation 7) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000086
Figure BDA0001949458700000087
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000088
Figure BDA0001949458700000089
the fourth step:
obtaining the total wind speed by using the Pythagorean theorem:
Figure BDA00019494587000000810
the fifth step:
calculating the wind direction:
Figure BDA0001949458700000091
in the formula: alpha wind speed direction and LxPositive direction clampCorner, from LxFrom the positive direction, the anticlockwise direction is positive;
binding VxAnd VyThe positive and negative of the angle alpha are analyzed to obtain the accurate angle alpha.
The working process of the invention is as follows: step 1: the ultrasonic generator I4 and the ultrasonic generator II 6 are simultaneously connected with a signal output port of the function signal generator 2 through a tee joint, the joint of the ultrasonic receiver I5 is connected with a CH1 interface of the oscilloscope 3, the joint of the ultrasonic receiver II 7 is connected with a CH2 interface of the oscilloscope 3, a synchronous signal joint of the function signal generator 2 is directly connected with an external trigger interface of the oscilloscope 3 through a signal wire, switches of all instruments are pressed down, the function signal generator 2 selects sine wave waveforms, the frequency value and the amplitude value of an output signal are adjusted to be consistent with the working frequency and the amplitude of the ultrasonic generator I4, the ultrasonic receiver I5, the ultrasonic generator II 6 and the ultrasonic receiver II 7, and the oscilloscope 3 selects an external trigger mode;
step 2: adjusting the propagation path L of the ultrasonic generator I4 and the ultrasonic receiver I5 under the windless conditionxAnd a propagation path L of the second ultrasonic generator 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver 7yThe same, the waveforms of the CH1 and CH2 signals displayed by the oscilloscope 3 coincide, that is, the initial phases of the two signals are the same in the windless state, and the initial positions of the CH1 and CH2 signals are recorded;
and step 3: the wind with certain speed and certain direction is applied by the fan 8, the position of the CH1 wave signal of the first 4 ultrasonic wave generator and the first 5 ultrasonic wave receiver branch compared with the initial wave signal is changed, namely the phase of the CH1 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on the oscilloscope 3
Figure BDA0001949458700000092
And 4, step 4: the position of the CH2 wave signal of the second ultrasonic generator branch 6 and the second ultrasonic receiver branch 7 is changed compared with the initial wave signal, namely the phase of the CH2 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on the oscilloscope 3
Figure BDA0001949458700000093
And 5: keeping the wind direction unchanged, increasing the wind speed, and repeating the steps 1 to 4;
step 6: measuring and recording two-branch path length LxAnd LyReading and recording the ultrasonic frequency f0And the position of the fan 8;
and 7: the operation process of operating on the data is as follows:
the first step is as follows:
take Lx branch as an example:
in the absence of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000101
in the formula, V0Setting the positive direction of ultrasonic wave emission to be along LxFrom a first ultrasonic generator (4) to said first ultrasonic receiver (5);
txthe ultrasonic signal propagation time is the windless time;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000102
v is the total wind speed;
Figure BDA0001949458700000103
is in the form of a vector of V;
in case of wind:
Figure BDA0001949458700000104
in the formula: t'xIn case of wind LxDirectional ultrasonic signal propagation time;
Vxis along LxThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
Vyis along LyThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure BDA0001949458700000105
Figure BDA0001949458700000106
in the formula: Δ txWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal propagation time difference;
ΔLx＝V0×Δtx(formula 4)
In the formula: Δ LxWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal acoustic path difference;
Figure BDA0001949458700000107
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000111
wind and no wind LxThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
finishing (formula 5) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000112
the second step is that:
in the same way, LyBranch circuit:
Figure BDA0001949458700000113
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000114
wind and no wind LyThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
the third step:
simultaneous equations (equation 6) and (equation 7) to obtain:
Figure BDA0001949458700000115
Figure BDA0001949458700000116
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001949458700000117
Figure BDA0001949458700000118
the fourth step:
obtaining the total wind speed by using the Pythagorean theorem:
Figure BDA0001949458700000119
the fifth step:
calculating the wind direction:
Figure BDA0001949458700000121
in the formula: alpha wind speed direction and LxAngle in the positive direction from LxFrom the positive direction, the anticlockwise direction is positive;
binding VxAnd VyThe positive and negative of the angle alpha are analyzed to obtain the accurate angle alpha.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
wind direction pointing First quadrant
Frequency f of ultrasonic waves0(KHz) 40.00
Path length Lx(m) 0.328
Path length Ly(m) 0.328
The experimental results are as follows:
Figure BDA0001949458700000122
example two:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
wind direction pointing Second quadrant
Frequency f of ultrasonic waves0(KHz) 40.00
Path length Lx(m) 0.328
Path length Ly(m) 0.328
The experimental results are as follows:
Figure BDA0001949458700000123
example three:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
wind direction pointing Third quadrant
Frequency f of ultrasonic waves0(KHz) 40.00
Path length Lx(m) 0.328
Path length Ly(m) 0.328
The experimental results are as follows:
Figure BDA0001949458700000131
example four:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
wind direction pointing Fourth quadrant
Frequency f of ultrasonic waves0(KHz) 40.00
Path length Lx(m) 0.328
Path length Ly(m) 0.328
The experimental results are as follows:
Figure BDA0001949458700000132
the experimental data are calculated, so that the wind speed and the wind direction can be successfully measured and effective data can be obtained by using the experimental instrument for wind with any speed and direction.
The above disclosure is only one specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A measuring method of an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring experimental instrument comprises a base (1), wherein a function signal generator (2), an oscilloscope (3), a first ultrasonic generator (4), a first ultrasonic receiver (5), a second ultrasonic generator (6) and a second ultrasonic receiver (7) are fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1), a fan (8) is placed on the base (1), the first ultrasonic generator (4) is over against the first ultrasonic receiver (5), and the second ultrasonic generator (6) is over against the second ultrasonic receiver (7);
the ultrasonic generator I (4), the ultrasonic receiver I (5), the ultrasonic generator II (6) and the ultrasonic receiver II (7) are positioned in the same plane; the propagation path of the ultrasonic generator I (4) and the ultrasonic receiver I (5) is LxThe propagation path of the second ultrasonic generator (6) and the second ultrasonic receiver (7) is LySaid L isxAnd said LyOrthogonal, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the ultrasonic generator I (4) and the ultrasonic generator II (6) are simultaneously connected into a signal output port of the function signal generator (2) through a three-way joint, a joint of the ultrasonic receiver I (5) is connected into a CH1 interface of the oscilloscope (3), a joint of the ultrasonic receiver II (7) is connected into a CH2 interface of the oscilloscope (3), a synchronous signal joint of the function signal generator (2) is directly connected into an external trigger interface of the oscilloscope (3) through a signal wire, instrument switches are pressed down, the function signal generator (2) selects sine wave waveforms, the frequency value and the amplitude value of output signals are adjusted to be consistent with the working frequency and the amplitude of the ultrasonic generator I (4), the ultrasonic receiver I (5), the ultrasonic generator II (6) and the ultrasonic receiver II (7), and the oscilloscope (3) selects an external trigger mode;
step 2: adjusting the propagation path L of the ultrasonic generator I (4) and the ultrasonic receiver I (5) under the windless conditionxAnd a propagation path L of the ultrasonic generator II (6) and the ultrasonic receiver II (7)yThe same, the waveforms of the two signals CH1 and CH2 displayed by the oscilloscope (3) are superposed, namely the initial phases of the two signals in the windless state are the same, and the initial positions of the two signals CH1 and CH2 are recorded;
and step 3: the wind with certain speed and certain direction is applied by the fan (8), the position of the CH1 wave signal of the branch of the ultrasonic generator I (4) and the ultrasonic receiver I (5) is changed compared with the initial wave signal, namely the CH1 wave signalIs changed, the phase difference is read and recorded on an oscilloscope (3)
Figure FDA0002878413500000021
And 4, step 4: the position of the CH2 wave signal of the second ultrasonic generator (6) branch and the second ultrasonic receiver (7) branch is changed compared with the initial wave signal, namely the phase of the CH2 wave signal is changed, and the phase difference is read and recorded on an oscilloscope (3)
Figure FDA0002878413500000022
And 5: keeping the wind direction unchanged, increasing the wind speed, and repeating the steps 1 to 4;
step 6: measuring and recording two-branch path length LxAnd LyReading and recording the ultrasonic frequency f0And the position of the fan (8);
and 7: the operation process of operating on the data is as follows:
the first step is as follows:
take Lx branch as an example:
in the absence of wind:
Figure FDA0002878413500000023
in the formula, V0Setting the positive direction of ultrasonic wave emission to be along LxFrom a first ultrasonic generator (4) to said first ultrasonic receiver (5);
txthe ultrasonic signal propagation time is the windless time;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure FDA0002878413500000024
v is the total wind speed;
Figure FDA0002878413500000025
vector of VForms thereof;
in case of wind:
Figure FDA0002878413500000026
in the formula: t'xIn case of wind LxDirectional ultrasonic signal propagation time;
Vxis along LxThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
Vyis along LyThe direction wind speed component is positive when the positive direction of ultrasonic wave transmission is the same, and is negative when the opposite direction is opposite;
at this time, the process of the present invention,
Figure FDA0002878413500000031
Figure FDA0002878413500000032
in the formula: Δ txWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal propagation time difference;
ΔLx＝V0×Δtx(formula 4)
In the formula: Δ LxWind and no wind LxDirection ultrasonic signal acoustic path difference;
Figure FDA0002878413500000033
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002878413500000034
wind and no wind LxThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
finishing (formula 5) to obtain:
Figure FDA0002878413500000035
the second step is that:
in the same way, LyBranch circuit:
Figure FDA0002878413500000036
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002878413500000037
wind and no wind LyThe direction ultrasonic signal phase difference is negative when the phase of the received signal is advanced relative to the phase of the original signal and positive when the phase of the received signal is delayed;
the third step:
simultaneous equations (equation 6) and (equation 7) to obtain:
Figure FDA0002878413500000038
Figure FDA0002878413500000039
in the formula:
Figure FDA00028784135000000310
Figure FDA0002878413500000041
the fourth step:
obtaining the total wind speed by using the Pythagorean theorem:
Figure FDA0002878413500000042
the fifth step:
calculating the wind direction:
Figure FDA0002878413500000043
in the formula: alpha wind speed direction and LxAngle in the positive direction from LxFrom the positive direction, the anticlockwise direction is positive; binding VxAnd VyThe positive and negative of the angle alpha are analyzed to obtain the accurate angle alpha.
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