CN114096417A - 阻尼元件 - Google Patents

阻尼元件 Download PDF

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CN114096417A
CN114096417A CN202080033490.9A CN202080033490A CN114096417A CN 114096417 A CN114096417 A CN 114096417A CN 202080033490 A CN202080033490 A CN 202080033490A CN 114096417 A CN114096417 A CN 114096417A
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foam
damping element
battery
lining plate
accumulator system
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CN114096417B (zh
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V·舒尔策
V·库尔施
M·塔雷洛
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Adler Pelzer Holding GmbH
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Abstract

本发明的目的是提供一种阻尼元件，其被设置在电池/蓄电池系统和机动车辆的底板之间。

Description

阻尼元件
技术领域
本发明的目的是提供一种阻尼元件，其被设置在电池/蓄电池系统和机动车辆的底板之间。
背景技术
DE 10 2016 207 231 A1是现有技术中已知的。该发明公开一种电动高压能量存储装置在机动车辆上的设置，在该设置中高压能量存储装置被设置在机动车辆底部的区域，并且沿车辆高度方向向下至少部分地通过一个底板元件被覆盖，其中至少一个负载分配元件被设置在一个沿车辆高度方向在高压能量存储器和底板元件之间设置的间隙中，通过该负载分配元件，底板元件可以被支撑在高压能量存储装置上。
负载分配元件是变形泡沫和/或至少一个弹簧元件，特别是一个弹簧轨道。以这种设置高压能量存储装置会被保护不受碰撞。该变形泡沫尤其是一种金属泡沫。
此外，现有技术中还提出了电池涂盖，例如由金属涂覆的泡沫制成，该电池涂盖用于使电池保温。然而，电池在运行过程中没有真正地变热，使得盖子也不能储存任何热量。在任何情况下，电池涂盖都可以起到防寒的作用。
发明内容
因此，与上述现有技术相比，本发明的目的是提供一种(振动)阻尼元件，特别是用于电动车辆，该阻尼元件被设置在电池系统/蓄电池系统和机动车辆底板之间，并将电池系统/蓄电池系统的主体(mass)耦合在机动车辆底板上，以及减少/抑制金属板振动。在机动车辆中，在其中电池/蓄电池系统垂直于/抵靠前壁(前面或后面)被设置；根据本发明的阻尼元件也被使用。
在一个第一实施例中，本发明的目的是一种用于电池系统/蓄电池系统，特别是电动车辆的阻尼元件4，包括粘弹性的PUR泡沫1，该泡沫1具有
(a)密度的范围为20至65kg/m3，
(b)损失系数大于0.2，
(c)其特别地满足OEM规定的燃烧性能要求，
(d)其中，所述泡沫1的整个表面被无纺布2包裹，
(e)所述无纺布2被涂覆在远离泡沫1的一侧，
(f)在衬板接缝、衬板弯曲处和/或在衬板边具有通风口3；
(g)并且所述阻尼元件4以压缩在25-75％的范围内的方式被设置在电池/电池系统和电动车的机动车底板之间。
在现有技术中，没有阻尼元件是已知的，所述阻尼元件能够通过在车身金属板和电池系统之间插入受限的(压缩的)泡沫1(所述泡沫1以防腐蚀的方式被包裹)产生电池主体与车身金属板的耦合，并且产生对底部金属板的振动阻尼。
本发明意义上的粘弹性是指一个部分弹性、部分粘性的材料性能。所述弹性部分基本上产生一个自发的、有限可逆的变形，而粘性部分在压力变形后产生延迟的(随时间变化的)恢复性能；因此所述粘弹性泡沫材料1表现出良好的阻尼特性。
所述泡沫1的初始厚度由车身金属板和电池/蓄电池系统之间的间隙确定的；初始泡沫的厚度在8至30mm范围内，较佳地达到10和20mm。
可涂覆有铜或铝，并可选地涂覆有防腐层的无纺布(特别地一侧涂覆)主要是聚酯无纺布或聚酰胺纺粘无纺布，其也适合或同时适合电磁辐射的屏蔽。
因此，本发明的核心是提供一个阻尼元件4，该阻尼元件4将电池/蓄电池系统的主体耦合在机动车辆底板上，该阻尼元件4是耐腐蚀的，并且在适当时同时屏蔽电磁辐射和减少/抑制金属板振动。
本发明的优点在于，正是通过所述阻尼元件4减少和抑制了金属板的振动，并且由此能够减少市售消音箔(commercially available anti-drumming foils)的单位面积重量，或去掉市售消音箔，从而降低车辆的总重量。
例如，所述泡沫1的燃烧性能的衡量通过可燃性确定。DIN 75200是根据美国标准FMVSS 302(联邦机动车辆安全标准)制定的。该测试方法实际上是相同的，在DIN 75200中只描述了测试装置和燃烧测试的实施以及燃烧速度的确定，在FMVSS 302中另外还规定了评估标准。制定这些标准是为了测试车辆内饰材料的燃烧性能。
具体实施方式
一个阻尼元件，由市售的粘弹性PUR泡沫1(密度35kg/m3，损失系数0.4，厚度20mm，可燃性满足FMVSS 302)组成，该阻尼元件被化学连接的聚酰胺纺粘无纺布(80g/m2，涂层：铜+防腐蚀层)包裹。通风口3被设置在衬板弯曲处。然后，该阻尼元件4被设置在机动车辆底板与乘用车的蓄电池系统之间。泡沫1的压缩度为40％。
图2显示了乘用车以恒定80km/h的速度行驶时的声学效果。图中显示了在有阻尼元件和没有阻尼元件的情况下，以恒定80km/h的速度在道路上行驶时，在乘客舱一侧测量的车身金属板的加速级别。在所有三个测量的空间方向上，阻尼元件都产生了显著的改善/级别降低。

Claims (4)

1.一种阻尼元件(4)，用于电池/蓄电池系统，特别是电动车辆，包括一个粘弹性的被包覆的PUR泡沫(1)，所述泡沫(1)具有：
(a)密度的范围为20至65kg/m3，
(b)损失系数大于0.2，
(c)其特别地满足OEM规定的燃烧性能要求，
(d)其中，所述泡沫(1)的整个表面被无纺布(2)包裹，
(e)所述无纺布(2)被涂覆在远离所述泡沫(1)的一侧，
(f)在衬板接缝、衬板弯曲处和/或在衬板边具有通风口(3)；并且
(g)所述阻尼元件(4)以压缩在25-75％的范围内的方式被设置在电池/蓄电池系统和电动车辆的机动车辆底板之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的阻尼元件(4)，其特征在于，包覆所述泡沫材料(1)的所述无纺布(2)有一层铜涂层或铝涂层并在适当时有一层防腐层。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的阻尼元件(4)其特征在于，所述泡沫(1)的未被压缩的初始厚度由车身金属板和电池/蓄电池系统之间的间隙确定。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的阻尼元件，其特征在于，所述泡沫的未被压缩的初始厚度的范围为8至30mm，较佳地为10至20mm。
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