CN114087972B - A shape error measuring device for long hole parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a shape error measurement device for long hole parts, which belongs to the field of shape error measurement for long hole parts. Angle measuring device, interferometer, interferometer, reflector, displacement measuring device and ultrasonic measuring device, the ultrasonic measuring device is fixed on the main shell mechanism and kept horizontal with the rotation axis of the lathe spindle, and the reflector is fixed on the main shell mechanism and the ultrasonic measuring unit On the connection surface, the axis angles of the displacement sensor and the ultrasonic measuring device are always kept constant and located in the same vertical plane. The calibration device includes a calibration ball and a calibration reference plate, an interferometer, and an interferometer and a mirror coaxial arrangement. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient use, and can realize precise and efficient on-line measurement of roundness and axis straightness errors of long-hole parts.

Description

A shape error measuring device for long hole parts

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of measuring the shape error of long-hole parts, and more specifically relates to a shape error measuring device for long-hole parts.

Background technique

With the rapid development of modern equipment production, high-precision long-hole parts are widely used in manufacturing fields such as aviation, shipbuilding, petrochemical and metallurgy. The processing quality of long-hole parts will directly affect the performance of the whole machine. As a measure of long-hole An important technical indicator of the processing quality of such parts, the error of roundness and axis straightness will cause the stress concentration of the part, reduce its service life, and even bring certain safety hazards. The process is limited by factors such as narrow internal space and large axial dimensions, and there are still certain difficulties in measuring its shape error. Traditional error measuring equipment is used, such as three-coordinate measuring machines, roundness meters, plug gauges and gauges. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the manufacturing industry for the convenience, accuracy and speed of the instrument in the process of measuring the shape error of long-hole parts. Therefore, how to provide a convenient, accurate and efficient way to detect the roundness and axis straightness errors of long-hole parts The device is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a shape error measuring device for long-hole parts, which has a simple structure and is easy to use, and can accurately and efficiently measure the roundness and axis straightness errors of long-hole parts, ensuring that the parts are used performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A shape error measuring device for long-hole parts, including: a basic device, a measuring device, a calibration device, and a sliding device;

The basic device includes a main housing mechanism and a lathe spindle;

The sliding device includes an oblique sliding unit, a horizontal sliding unit and a vertical sliding unit, and the sliding device is fixedly connected with the main housing mechanism;

The measuring device includes an angle measuring device, an interferometer, an interferometer, a reflector, a displacement measuring device and an ultrasonic measuring device, the angle measuring device is fixed on one end of the main shaft of the lathe, and the ultrasonic measuring device is fixed on the main shell On the mechanism and keep horizontal with the axis of rotation of the main shaft of the lathe, the reflector is fixed on the connecting surface of the main shell mechanism and the ultrasonic measuring unit, and the axis angle between the displacement sensor and the ultrasonic measuring device is always kept constant and lie in the same vertical plane;

The calibration device includes a calibration ball and a calibration reference plate; the interferometer and the interferometer are coaxially arranged with the mirror, the calibration ball is fixedly connected to the displacement measuring device, and the main housing mechanism is The calibration reference plate is provided;

The angle measuring device is connected to the computer in communication, and the displacement measuring device, the ultrasonic measuring device and the interferometer are connected to the computer through their respective controllers.

Preferably, the ultrasonic measuring device includes a water spray mechanism, a running water fixing mechanism, a probe chuck and an ultrasonic probe, the running water fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic probe, and several sets of The probe chuck, the running water fixing mechanism is in communication with the water spray mechanism, and the side wall of the water spray mechanism is connected with a water pipe.

Preferably, the main housing mechanism is provided with a middle oblique inner chamber, a right oblique inner chamber, a left oblique inner chamber, an upper horizontal inner chamber and a lower horizontal inner chamber.

Preferably, the oblique sliding unit includes: a scaled handwheel, an oblique adjustment plate, a miniature planar thrust needle roller bearing, a screw nut, a screw rod, a limit ring and two oblique guide rods, and the screw nut is fixed on On the main housing mechanism, the two oblique guide rods are respectively fastened to the oblique adjustment plate; one end of the screw rod is connected to the scale hand wheel, and the other end of the screw rod is connected to the limit Two pieces of the miniature planar thrust needle roller bearings are arranged in the circumferential direction of the screw rod, and the oblique guide rods are respectively arranged in the right oblique inner chamber and the left oblique inner chamber.

Preferably, the vertical sliding unit includes: a vertical guide rod, a vertical baffle, a slide rail, a sliding adjusting plate and a clamping insert, the sliding adjusting plate is fixedly connected to the clamping insert, the The clamping strip is tightly matched with the slide rail, the vertical baffle is fixedly connected with the slide rail, and the vertical guide rod is arranged in the inner cavity in the middle oblique direction.

Preferably, the horizontal sliding unit includes: a clamping block and two horizontal guide rods, the cylindrical surfaces of the two horizontal guiding rods of the horizontal sliding unit are respectively in contact with the upper and lower end grooves of the clamping block. contact, the horizontal guide rod is fixedly connected with the sliding adjusting plate, and the horizontal guide rod is arranged in the upper horizontal inner chamber and the lower horizontal inner chamber.

Preferably, the displacement measuring device includes an eddy current displacement sensor and a displacement measuring rod, the eddy current displacement sensor is fixedly connected to one end of the displacement measuring rod, and the calibration ball is fixedly connected to the other end of the displacement measuring rod, so The signal cable of the eddy current displacement sensor passes through the inner cavity of the displacement measuring rod through the side wall and is connected to the controller, and the displacement measuring rod is fixedly connected to the inclined adjustment plate.

Preferably, the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor and the ultrasonic probe always maintain a constant angle of 30°.

Preferably, the angle measuring device is a rotary encoder.

Preferably, the rotary encoder is connected to the computer through a PMAC control card, and the PMAC control card is respectively connected to the controller of the eddy current displacement sensor and the ultrasonic probe through an I/O interface.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Based on the numerical control lathe and the basic structure, the invention uses the multi-sensor integration mode as the method, realizes the reconstruction of the outer surface contour and the inner surface contour of the workpiece through the displacement measuring device and the ultrasonic measuring device, and measures the sample under the coordinate system The point coordinate values are unified in the absolute coordinate system, and the angle measuring device is externally connected to one end of the lathe spindle. The rotation angle can be accurately recorded during the turning motion of the lathe spindle. The angle measuring device can perform equal-angle sampling on the measurement section, which can make the same section The angles between adjacent sample points are equalized, thereby improving the measurement accuracy; it can also ensure that the number of sample points in each measurement section is the same, which is convenient for subsequent evaluation. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the use is convenient. It can realize the roundness of long-hole parts Accurate and efficient online measurement of straightness error and axis line.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the concrete structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an oblique sliding unit of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of lathe of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the parameter calibration principle of the measuring device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the model structure of the active gauge block of the present invention.

Among them, in the figure: 1-eddy current displacement sensor, 2-displacement measuring rod, 3-scale handwheel, 4-oblique adjustment plate, 5-M5×8 type screw, 6-M5×20 type screw, 7-M6 ×30 screw, 8-calibration ball, 9-calibration reference plate, 10-vertical guide rod washer, 11-vertical guide rod, 12-retaining ring, 13-vertical baffle, 14-slide rail, 15 -Clamping handle, 16-horizontal guide rod 1, 17-sliding adjustment plate, 18-horizontal guide rod 2, 19-clamping block, 20-M6×30 type screw, 21-main shell mechanism, 22-mirror , 23-shaft block, 24-oblique retaining ring, 25-oblique guide rod one, 26-oblique guide rod two, 27-M5×16 type screw, 28-ultrasonic probe fixing block, 29-screw nut, 30-screw, 31-knurled screw, 32-water inlet mechanism washer, 33-water inlet nut, 34-lock nut, 35-miniature plane thrust needle roller bearing one, 36-miniature plane thrust needle roller bearing two, 37-M5×16 type screw, 38-M5×16 type screw, 39-clamping insert, 40-water spray mechanism, 41-M6×8 screw, 42-flowing water fixing mechanism, 43-sealing ring, 44-probe Chuck, 45-ultrasonic probe, 46-rotary encoder, 47-lathe spindle, 48-triangular chuck, 49-interferometer, 50-laser interferometer, 51-workpiece, 52-outer surface profile, 53-fixed electric Eddy current sensor trajectory, 54-inner surface contour, 55-inner hole fitting circle, 56-locking screw, 57-rotating block, 58-fixing block, 59-thimble.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to accompanying drawings 1-5, a device for measuring the shape error of long hole parts includes: an eddy current displacement sensor 1, an oblique sliding unit, a calibration ball 8, a main shell structure 21, a horizontal sliding unit, and a vertical sliding unit , clamping handle 15, reflector 22, calibration reference plate 9, ultrasonic probe fixing block 28 and ultrasonic measuring unit, the eddy current displacement sensor 1 is connected with the head end of the displacement measuring rod 2 by its own thread, and the sensor signal cable is measured by displacement The inner cavity of the rod 2 passes through the side wall and is connected to the acquisition equipment. This arrangement enables the eddy current displacement sensor 1 to slide obliquely with the oblique sliding unit to ensure the origin of the measurement coordinate system on the initial measurement section. Coincide with the axis of the workpiece as much as possible; it can also move back and forth along the axis of the eddy current displacement sensor 1, so that the measured value of the sensor is within a reliable range. The end of the displacement measuring rod 2 is connected to the calibration ball 8, and a fastening screw is used The position of the calibration ball 8 is fixed, and the displacement measuring rod 2 is clamped through the M6×30 type screw 7 and the oblique adjustment plate 4 in the oblique sliding unit. It can slide obliquely with the oblique sliding unit. In order to ensure that the origin of the measurement coordinate system on the initial measurement section coincides with the axis of the workpiece as much as possible, it can also move back and forth along the axis of the eddy current displacement sensor 1, so that the measured value of the sensor is within a reliable range.

The oblique sliding unit includes scale hand wheel 3, oblique adjusting plate 4, knurled screw 31, oblique retaining ring 24, oblique guide rod one 25, oblique guide rod two 26, miniature planar thrust needle roller bearing I 35, miniature Plane thrust needle roller bearing 2 36, screw nut 29 and screw 30. The screw 30 is a stepped shaft structure with upper, middle and lower stepped surfaces. According to the different shaft diameters, it can be divided into upper end shaft, The upper middle shaft, the lower middle shaft and the lower end shaft, the upper end shaft is connected with the scale hand wheel 3, and the two are fixed by the upper stepped surface and the M5×8 type screw 5, and the upper middle shaft is circumferentially separated with miniature plane thrust needle rollers Bearing one 35 and miniature planar thrust needle roller bearing two 36, the former is located on the upper side of the groove plane of the oblique adjustment plate 4, the latter is located between the middle step surface and the oblique adjustment plate 4, relying on the lock nut 34, oblique The positional relationship between the adjusting plate 4 and the middle step surface realizes the axial fixation of the two bearings. The lower middle shaft is placed in the middle oblique inner cavity of the main housing mechanism 21, and its circumferential screw nut 29 relies on M5×20 Type screw 6 is fixed on the main shell mechanism 21, the lower end shaft is connected with the limit ring 24, and is fixed by using the lower step surface and the shaft retaining ring 23, and the oblique guide rod one 25 and the oblique guide rod two 26 rely on the screw and the oblique guide rod respectively. Fasten to the adjusting plate 4, and place them in the right and left oblique inner cavities of the main housing mechanism 21 respectively. Before the oblique sliding unit works, open the knurled screw 31, and turn the scale handwheel 3 to make the whole unit Do oblique movement, after adjusting to a suitable position, tighten the knurled screw 31, so as to maintain the current position, when the limit ring 24 contacts the screw nut 29, it reaches the upper limit position of the oblique sliding unit, and When the miniature planar thrust needle roller bearing 2 36 contacts the screw nut 29, the lower limit position appears, and two miniature planar thrust needle roller bearings are separated in the circumferential direction of the screw mandrel, and the two pieces of bearings are realized by using the stepped surface and the lock nut. Axial positioning can not only reduce the impact of friction on the screw during rotation, but also provide extremely high rigidity in a small axial space, thereby protecting the screw to a certain extent and improving its service life.

The horizontal sliding unit includes a horizontal guide rod 16, a horizontal guide rod 2 18, a clamping block 19 and an M6×30 type screw 20, and the horizontal guide rod 16 and the horizontal guide rod 2 18 are respectively placed on the upper and lower In the lower horizontal inner cavity, its end is fixed by screws and the sliding adjustment plate 17, and the clamping block 19 is located on the main housing mechanism 21, and its upper end groove and lower end groove are connected with the horizontal guide rod one 16 and the horizontal guide rod two respectively. The cylindrical surfaces of 18 are in contact, and when the M6×30 type screw 20 inside the clamping block 19 is tightened, the clamping block 19 and the main shell mechanism 21 will produce a certain fastening force on the first horizontal guide rod 16 and the second horizontal guide rod 18 , to hinder the movement of the horizontal sliding unit, so as to maintain the current state of the measuring device. When the M6×30 type screw 20 is loosened, the fastening force decreases, so that the main housing mechanism 21 can move along the horizontal guide rod 16 and the horizontal guide rod Two 18 do linear motion.

The vertical sliding unit comprises a vertical guide rod washer 10, a vertical guide rod 11, a circlip 12, a vertical baffle plate 13, a slide rail 14, a sliding adjustment plate 17 and a clamping strip 39, and the sliding adjustment plate 17 is fixed with the clamping strip 39 in the form of screw connection, and relies on the clamping strip 39 to achieve a tight fit with the slide rail 14 to ensure its own sliding state. The vertical baffle 13 is connected with the M5×16 type screw 38 Slide rail 14 is fixed, and utilizes vertical guide rod 11, circlip 12 and vertical guide rod washer 10 to realize the maintenance to adjustment position, uses screw to be fixedly connected between clamping handle 15 and slide rail 14, and clamping handle 15 Clamped on the lathe turret, so that the measuring device moves axially or radially with the lathe turret, the vertical sliding unit and the calibration unit are integrated on the CNC lathe or the basic structure, connected in sequence, and cooperate with each other. It has good efficiency and precision in the measurement of roundness and axis straightness error.

Reflector 22 is pasted and fixed on the connection surface of the main shell mechanism and the ultrasonic measurement unit, and is positioned at the rear side of the ultrasonic measurement unit, to accept the measurement optical path from the laser interferometer 50 through the interferometer 49, the laser interferometer 50 and the interferometer The axes of the mirror 49 and the axis of the reflector 22 must always be on the same straight line, and there is no obstacle between the three to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measurement optical path. The calibration reference plate 9 is connected by M5×16 type screws 37 , the ultrasonic probe fixing block 28 is connected by M5×16 type screws 27, the ultrasonic probe fixing block 28 relies on M6×8 screws 41 to fix the position of the ultrasonic measurement unit, and the ultrasonic measurement unit includes a water spray mechanism 40, a running water fixing mechanism 42, and a sealing ring 43 , probe chuck 44 and ultrasonic probe 45, the right end of the running water fixing mechanism 42 is connected to the ultrasonic probe 45 by its own clamping structure, a sealing ring 43 is placed therebetween to ensure that the water flow will not overflow, and the probe chuck 44 is placed circumferentially on the outside, In order to ensure the stability of the connection between the running water fixing mechanism 42 and the probe chuck 44, the left end is connected to the water spray mechanism 40 by means of a threaded structure, and the water outlet and the length of the pipeline of the water spray mechanism 40 can be adjusted according to the demand of the measurement system for water flow. For adjustment and replacement, the side wall is connected to the water pipe for conveying laminar flow through the water inlet mechanism gasket and the water inlet nut 33. The water inlet nut 33 can be replaced according to the diameter of the pipe to adapt to different pipelines.

(n为正整数)，此角度易于确定电涡流位移传感器1和超声探头15间的位置关系，使得两者的测量数据可以保持良好的一致对应性，在一次旋转过程中，可同时获得某位置对应的位移值和厚度值，将电涡流位移传感器1、超声探头45和激光干涉仪50的干涉镜49统一集成于位移测量装置上，且保证电涡流位移传感器1和超声探头45两者轴线位于同一竖直平面内，并间隔30°分开放置，位移测量装置依靠自身夹持柄结构与车床刀架紧固连接，车床刀架带动位移测量装置沿径向调整，可使各传感器的测量值位于可靠的量程范围内；车床刀架带动位移测量装置沿轴向进给，并利用激光干涉仪50、干涉镜49和反射镜22间的输出光光路、测量光光路、反射光光路以及汇合光光路记录位移测量装置的轴向位移，实现对多个测量截面的获取，旋转编码器46、电涡流位移传感器1、超声探头45和激光干涉仪50经数据采集和处理，以数字信号形式传输至上位机终端，旋转编码器46的方波脉冲信号接入PMAC控制卡，PMAC控制卡依靠计数器和比较器产生的触发脉冲经I/O接口分别接入电涡流位移传感器1和超声探头45两者的控制器，在这种采样控制模式下，旋转编码器46触发电涡流位移传感器1和超声探头45同时在测量截面进行等角度采样，这既可以使同一截面相邻样点间的角度相等化，从而提升测量精度；也可以保证各测量截面的样点数量相同，便于后续评定。Referring to accompanying drawings 6-7, use the triangular chuck 48 to fix one end of the workpiece to be tested on the CNC lathe. If the workpiece is large, you need to use the top to clamp the other end. At the end of the lathe spindle 47, connect it with screws The rotary encoder 46 is externally connected in the manner; the lathe spindle 47 drives the workpiece to perform rotational motion with a constant speed, and the rotary encoder 46 triggers the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 to perform simultaneous sampling at a certain angle, and the angle needs to satisfy:

(n is a positive integer), this angle is easy to determine the positional relationship between the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 15, so that the measurement data of the two can maintain a good consistent correspondence, and in a rotation process, a certain position can be obtained at the same time For the corresponding displacement value and thickness value, the eddy current displacement sensor 1, the ultrasonic probe 45 and the interferometer 49 of the laser interferometer 50 are uniformly integrated on the displacement measuring device, and ensure that the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 are located at In the same vertical plane and placed separately at intervals of 30°, the displacement measuring device is tightly connected with the lathe tool holder by its own clamping handle structure, and the lathe tool holder drives the displacement measuring device to adjust radially, so that the measured value of each sensor is at Within a reliable measuring range; the lathe tool post drives the displacement measuring device to feed in the axial direction, and utilizes the output light path, measurement light path, reflected light path and converging light path between the laser interferometer 50, the interference mirror 49 and the reflector 22 Record the axial displacement of the displacement measurement device to realize the acquisition of multiple measurement sections. After data collection and processing by the rotary encoder 46, eddy current displacement sensor 1, ultrasonic probe 45 and laser interferometer 50, they are transmitted to the host in the form of digital signals The machine terminal, the square wave pulse signal of the rotary encoder 46 is connected to the PMAC control card, and the PMAC control card relies on the trigger pulse generated by the counter and the comparator to respectively connect the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 through the I/O interface. The controller, in this sampling control mode, the rotary encoder 46 triggers the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 to perform equiangular sampling on the measurement section at the same time, which can equalize the angles between adjacent sample points on the same section, Thereby improving the measurement accuracy; it can also ensure that the number of sample points in each measurement section is the same, which is convenient for subsequent evaluation.

The measurement coordinate system established with the intersection of the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 as the origin is o'-x'y'z', the axis direction of the main shaft is the z' coordinate axis, and the horizontal direction is the x' coordinate axis, The vertical direction is the y' coordinate axis. On the initial measurement section, by adjusting the vertical sliding unit and the oblique sliding unit, the intersection point of the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 falls on the axis of the workpiece as much as possible. , and take the measurement coordinate system of this section as the absolute coordinate system o-xyz; by adjusting the horizontal sliding unit and the displacement measuring rod 2, the measured values of the two sensors fall within their respective reliable ranges to meet the requirements of the sensors. Conditions, after measurement and calibration, the distance L from the origin of the measurement coordinate system to the transmitter end of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 is obtained, and the displacement value from the corresponding measurement point on the outer surface of the long-hole part to the transmitter end of the sensor is obtained by the measurement of the eddy current displacement sensor 1, which is described in this way The actual contour of the outer surface of the workpiece; the ultrasonic probe 45 obtains the wall thickness h of the workpiece through non-contact measurement, and the wall thickness h refers to the distance value from the outer surface to the corresponding inner surface in the direction of the line connecting the outer surface of the workpiece and the origin of the measurement coordinate system , according to the geometric relationship, realize the description of the inner surface contour of the workpiece. Since the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 are arranged at an interval of 30°, during data processing, it is necessary to combine the nth measuring point corresponding to the eddy current displacement sensor 1 with the ultrasonic probe 45. The first measuring point corresponding to the probe 45 is corresponding, so that the measuring points of the two sensors are consistent. Through this arrangement and processing method, the displacement value e and wall thickness of all measuring points on a measuring section can be obtained at the same time after one rotation The value h can be calculated according to the formula (1) to obtain the distance R from the origin of the measurement coordinates to each measurement position on the inner surface of the hole part.

R=L-e-h (1)

On each measurement section, according to the distance R of the solution, the rotation angle recorded by the rotary encoder 46 and the distance l of the axial movement of the measurement section recorded by the laser interferometer 50, the absolute distance of each measurement position is calculated according to formula (2). Corresponding coordinate values under the coordinates, use the relevant evaluation algorithm to solve the cross-section roundness error and the cross-section center coordinates, after obtaining the center coordinates of multiple measurement sections, use the straightness error evaluation method to perform straight line fitting on the center coordinates, thus obtaining Axis straightness error value.

Referring to accompanying drawing 8, it can be seen from the measurement principle that it is necessary to calibrate the distance value L from the intersection of the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 and the ultrasonic probe 45 (i.e. the origin of the measurement coordinate system) to the transmitting end of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 on the measuring device, According to the geometric relationship, the parameter value L can be calculated according to formula (3):

L＝3r ₁ +2h ₁ +2h ₂ -l ₁ (3)

Wherein, _r1 is the radius of the calibration ball, _l1 is the distance value from the transmitting end of the eddy current displacement sensor 1 to the end of the calibration ball ₈ , h2 is the distance value from the reference plane of the calibration reference plate 9 to the axis of the ultrasonic probe 45, these parameter values All can be measured by the three-coordinate measuring machine after the assembly is completed, and it is always a fixed value; _h1 is the distance value from the reference plane of the calibration reference plate 9 to the lower end of the calibration ball 8, which can be carried out using the flexible measuring block designed by the present invention. For measurement, place the flexible gauge block between the reference plane of the calibration reference plate 9 and the lower end of the calibration ball 8, and constantly adjust the gauge block so that the upper and lower measurement surfaces are respectively in contact with the lower end of the calibration ball 8 and the reference plane of the calibration reference plate 9; Use a micrometer to measure the thickness of the gauge block at this time to obtain the distance value.

Referring to accompanying drawing 9, flexible measuring block comprises: locking screw 56, rotating block 57, fixed block 58 and thimble 59, with rotating block 57 upper surface as the upper measuring surface of flexible measuring block, with fixed block 58 lower surface as Move the lower measuring surface of the measuring block, open the locking screw 56, rotate the rotating block 57 clockwise or counterclockwise, and its threaded part slides along the thimble 59, so that the overall thickness of the measuring block changes; tighten the locking screw 56, you can Holds the current thickness of the gauge block.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. A long hole part shape error measuring device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a base device, a measuring device, a calibration device and a sliding device;

the basic device comprises a main shell mechanism and a lathe spindle;

the sliding device comprises an oblique sliding unit, a horizontal sliding unit and a vertical sliding unit, and is fixedly connected with the main shell mechanism;

the measuring device comprises an angle measuring device, an interferometer, an interference mirror, a reflecting mirror, a displacement measuring device and an ultrasonic measuring device, wherein the angle measuring device is fixed at one end of the lathe spindle, the ultrasonic measuring device is fixed on the main shell mechanism and is kept horizontal to the rotary axis of the lathe spindle, the reflecting mirror is fixed on the connecting surface of the main shell mechanism and the ultrasonic measuring device, and the axis angles of the displacement measuring device and the ultrasonic measuring device are always kept constant and are positioned in the same vertical plane;

the calibration device comprises a calibration ball and a calibration reference plate; the interferometer, the interference mirror and the reflector are arranged coaxially, the calibration ball is fixedly connected with the displacement measuring device, and the calibration reference plate is arranged on the main shell mechanism;

the angle measuring device is in communication connection with a computer, and the displacement measuring device, the ultrasonic measuring device and the interferometer are in communication connection with the computer through respective controllers;

the ultrasonic measuring device comprises a water spraying mechanism, a flowing water fixing mechanism, probe chucks and an ultrasonic probe, wherein the flowing water fixing mechanism is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic probe, a plurality of probe chucks are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the flowing water fixing mechanism, the flowing water fixing mechanism is communicated with the water spraying mechanism, and the side wall of the water spraying mechanism is communicated with a water pipe;

the main shell mechanism is provided with a middle oblique inner cavity, a right oblique inner cavity, a left oblique inner cavity, an upper horizontal inner cavity and a lower horizontal inner cavity;

the slant slip unit includes: the device comprises a scale hand wheel, an inclined adjusting plate, a micro plane thrust needle bearing, a screw nut, a screw rod, a limiting ring and two inclined guide rods, wherein the screw nut is fixed on the main shell mechanism, and the two inclined guide rods are respectively fastened with the inclined adjusting plate; one end of the screw rod is connected with the scale hand wheel, the other end of the screw rod is connected with the limiting ring, two micro plane thrust needle roller bearings are circumferentially arranged on the screw rod, and the inclined guide rods are respectively arranged in the right inclined inner cavity and the left inclined inner cavity;

the displacement measuring device comprises an eddy current displacement sensor and a displacement measuring rod, the eddy current displacement sensor is fixedly connected to one end of the displacement measuring rod, the calibration ball is fixedly connected to the other end of the displacement measuring rod, a signal cable of the eddy current displacement sensor penetrates through the inner cavity of the displacement measuring rod from the side wall and is connected with the controller, and the displacement measuring rod is fixedly connected with the oblique adjusting plate;

the axes of the eddy current displacement sensor and the ultrasonic probe are always kept at a constant included angle of 30 degrees.

2. A long hole part shape error measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vertical sliding unit comprises: vertical guide arm, vertical baffle, slide rail, the accent board that slides and press from both sides tight panel fixed connection, the accent board that slides with press from both sides tight panel fixed connection, press from both sides tight panel with the slide rail tight fit, vertical baffle with slide rail fixed connection, vertical guide arm set up in well oblique to the intracavity.

3. The long hole part shape error measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal sliding unit comprises: the clamping block and the two horizontal guide rods, the cylindrical surfaces of the two horizontal guide rods of the horizontal sliding unit are respectively contacted with the grooves at the upper end and the lower end of the clamping block, the horizontal guide rods are fixedly connected with the sliding adjusting plate, and the horizontal guide rods are arranged in the upper horizontal inner cavity and the lower horizontal inner cavity.

4. A long hole type part shape error measuring device according to claim 1, wherein said angle measuring device is a rotary encoder.

5. A long hole part shape error measuring device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotary encoder is connected with the computer through a PMAC control card, and the PMAC control card is respectively connected with the eddy current displacement sensor and the controller of the ultrasonic probe through I/O interfaces.

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