CN114086958B - Progressive bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for stope face of monocline coal seam - Google Patents
Progressive bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for stope face of monocline coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic cave construction, and particularly relates to a progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for a mining working face of a monoclinic coal seam. Comprises the following steps. S1: arranging a stope face along the trend of a monoclinic coal seam, constructing a bedding drill hole I from a deep machine air tunnel of the stope face to the lower area of the stope face, and performing hydraulic cave making once at intervals by taking high-pressure water jet as power in the drill withdrawal process; s2: after hydraulic cave making is completed in the lower area of the working face, efficiently sealing the bedding drill hole I, and extracting pressure relief gas in the lower area of the working face; s3: under the premise of reserving a reasonable drilling advance distance, tunneling a waist roadway in the middle of a stope face; s4: moving the drilling and punching integrated drilling machine into a waist lane in the middle of a stope face, constructing a bedding drilling hole II in the upper area of the face, and carrying out bedding hydraulic hole making; s5: and sealing the bedding drill hole II, and extracting the pressure relief gas in the upper area of the working face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic cave construction, and particularly relates to a progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for a mining working face of a monoclinic coal seam.
Background
The energy structure of China has the characteristic of rich coal, lean oil and less gas. Research reports of Chinese sustainable energy development strategy show that the coal accounts for more than 50% of primary energy consumption in China before 2050. However, in the process of coal formation, the coal-bearing stratum in China generally experiences geological structure movement in three stages of the journal stage, Yanshan stage and Himalayan stage, so that a soft low-permeability coal bed is widely developed, the gas extraction efficiency of a stope face is low, and coal and gas outburst disasters occur frequently.
In order to strengthen the gas extraction of the soft low-permeability coal seam stope working face, the bedding hydraulic cave-making pressure-relief gas extraction technology is widely applied by the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. According to the technology, bedding drill holes are drilled to penetrate into coal bodies in front of a working face, high-pressure water jet is used as power to punch out partial coal bodies, and a series of cylindrical cave-making chambers are constructed, so that regional unloading permeability improvement and efficient gas extraction of a coal seam are realized. However, the existing extraction technology of the bedding hydraulic cave-making pressure-relief gas of the stope face mostly adopts a construction method of drilling two sides of an air tunnel, as shown in fig. 1. For a monoclinic coal seam, the construction method is easy to cause a downward drilling hole on one side of a working face. As is known to all, in the hydraulic hole making process of downward drilling, water drainage and slag discharge are very inconvenient, and coal-water mixture deposited at the bottom of a hole can block gas, so that the gas extraction efficiency of the drilling is low. Therefore, the existing bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam has serious defects, and the engineering application of the technology is seriously restricted.
In addition, the gas is used as an associated product in the coalification process, is not only a great danger source for safe production of coal mines, but also a high-efficiency clean energy source, and is also a specific CO2Greenhouse effect gas 25 times stronger. Therefore, a new bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for the extraction working face of the monoclinic coal seam is explored, and downward drilling holes are avoided in the working face, so that the plugging effect of coal-water mixture siltation at the bottom of the holes on gas is eliminated, and the extraction of the monoclinic coal seam is realizedThe efficient extraction of the gas on the working face is not only beneficial to eliminating the potential safety hazard of the gas in a mine, but also beneficial to improving the energy structure in China and protecting the ecological environment, and has important significance for ensuring the energy safety in China and realizing the targets of carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a progressive bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for a stope face of a monocline coal seam, which aims to solve the problems that when a stope face of the monocline coal seam adopts a bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for opposite driving of two sides of a mechanical air way, downward drilling is easy to occur on one side of the working face, so that drainage and deslagging of a drill hole are difficult, and gas extraction efficiency is low.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a progressive bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for a stope face of a monoclinic coal seam comprises the following steps.
S1: arranging a stope face along the trend of a monoclinic coal seam, and constructing bedding drill holes I from a deep machine air tunnel of the stope face to the lower region of the stope face by adopting a drilling and punching integrated drilling machine; after the bedding drilling I construction is finished, in the drill withdrawal process, high-pressure water jet is used as power, hydraulic cave making is carried out at intervals, so that a series of cylindrical cave making chambers I are constructed in the lower area of the working face, and regional unloading and permeability increasing of the coal bed in the lower area of the working face are realized; because the bedding drill hole I is an upward drill hole, the coal-water mixture generated in the hydraulic cave-making process can be discharged into the deep machine air gallery of the stope face along the bedding drill hole I under the action of gravity.
S2: and after hydraulic hole making is completed in the lower area of the working face, a sieve tube is put into the bedding drill hole I to efficiently seal the bedding drill hole I, so that pressure relief gas in the lower area of the working face is extracted, and the outburst danger of the pressure relief gas is eliminated.
S3: and under the premise of reserving a reasonable drilling advance distance, tunneling a waist roadway in the middle of the stope face.
S4: moving the drilling and punching integrated drilling machine into a waist roadway in the middle of a stope face, constructing bedding drilling holes II, carrying out bedding hydraulic hole making, constructing a hole making chamber II, and carrying out regional unloading and permeability increasing on the upper region of the face; because the bedding drill hole II is also an upward drill hole, the coal-water mixture generated in the hydraulic cave-making process can be discharged into the waist lane in the middle of the stope face under the action of gravity.
S5: and (4) putting a sieve tube into the bedding drill hole II, and sealing the bedding drill hole II, so that the pressure relief gas in the upper area of the working face is further extracted, the outburst danger of the pressure relief gas is eliminated, and the extraction of the gas on the stope working face is finished.
Further, in steps S2 and S5, the bedding hole I and the bedding hole II are sealed by a "two-plug one-injection" sealing method.
Further, the drilling advance distance of the waist lane is determined according to the inclination angle of the coal seam, and for inclined and steeply inclined coal seams, the drilling advance distance is not less than 20 m; otherwise, the drilling advance distance is not less than 15 m.
Furthermore, when the stope face adopts a W-shaped ventilation mode, the waist lane in the stope face is also used as a return airway, and one lane is multipurpose.
Further, when the face width H of the stope face is large, or the maximum drilling depth L of the drilling machine in the coal seam, which does not cause the phenomena of top drilling and drill holding, is small, so that the bedding drill hole I and the bedding drill hole II cannot completely cover the whole stope face, two or more than two waist roadways need to be constructed in the stope face to perform multiple progressive constructions; during multiple progressive constructions, the number n of waist lanes depends on the value of the function y, y =1+ (H-L)/(L-H), when y is an integer, the number n of waist lanes takes the value of y, otherwise n takes the integer value of y + 1.
Furthermore, the length of the bedding drilling hole I and the bedding drilling hole II is smaller than or equal to the maximum drilling depth of the drilling machine without the phenomena of top drilling and holding drilling, so that the phenomena of top drilling and holding drilling in the construction process of the bedding drilling hole I and the bedding drilling hole II are avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively solve the problems of difficult downward hole drainage and deslagging and low gas extraction efficiency in the bedding hydraulic cave construction process of the single-inclined coal seam stope face, can realize the efficient gas extraction of the single-inclined coal seam stope face, promotes the resource utilization of gas, reduces the emission of greenhouse gas, and has the triple benefits of safety, energy and environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for two side-by-side driving of an existing air tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for a stope face of a monoclinic coal seam according to the invention;
in the figure: 1-stope face; 2-deep machine air way; 3-lower region of working face; 4, drilling a hole I in the bedding; 5-cave making chamber I; 6-drilling advance distance; 7-waist lane; 8-upper region of working face; 9-drilling a hole II in the bedding layer; 10-cave building chamber II, 11-stope face cutting lane, 12-shallow machine air lane, 13-downward drilling, 14-upward drilling, and 15-cave building chamber of the prior method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for a stope face of a monoclinic coal seam comprises the following steps.
S1: arranging a stope face 1 along the trend of a monoclinic coal seam, and constructing a bedding drill hole I4 from a deep machine air way 2 of the stope face 1 to a lower area 3 of the working face by adopting a drilling and punching integrated drilling machine; after the bedding drilling I4 construction is completed, in the drill withdrawal process, high-pressure water jet is used as power, hydraulic cave making is carried out at intervals, so that a series of cylindrical cave making chambers I5 are constructed in the lower area 3 of the working face, and regional unloading and permeability increasing of the coal bed in the lower area 3 of the working face are realized; because the bedding drill hole I4 is an upward drill hole, the coal-water mixture generated in the hydraulic cave-making process can be discharged into the deep machine air gallery 2 of the stope face 1 along the bedding drill hole I4 under the action of gravity.
S2: after hydraulic hole making is completed in the lower area 3 of the working face, a screen pipe is put into the bedding drill hole I4, and the bedding drill hole I4 is efficiently sealed, so that pressure relief gas in the lower area 3 of the working face is extracted, and the outburst danger of the pressure relief gas is eliminated.
S3: and on the premise of reserving a reasonable drilling advance distance 6, tunneling a waist roadway 7 in the middle of the stope face 1.
S4: moving the drilling and punching integrated drilling machine into a waist roadway 7 in the middle of a stope working face 1, constructing bedding drill holes II9 to an upper region 8 of the working face by adopting the same construction method as the construction method in S1, carrying out bedding hydraulic hole making, constructing a hole making chamber II10, and carrying out regional unloading and permeability increasing on the upper region 8 of the working face; since the bedding drill hole II9 is also an upward drill hole, the coal-water mixture produced during the hydraulic caving process will drain into the waist lane 7 in the middle of the stope face 1 under the action of gravity.
S5: and (3) a screen pipe is put into the bedding drill hole II9 to seal the bedding drill hole II9, so that the pressure relief gas in the upper area 8 of the working face is further extracted, and the outburst risk is eliminated. And ending the gas extraction of the stope face 1.
In steps S2 and S5, the bedding drill hole I4 and the bedding drill hole II9 are sealed by a "two-plug one-shot" sealing method.
The drilling advance distance 6 of the waist lane 7 is determined according to the inclination angle of the coal seam, and for inclined and steeply inclined coal seams, the drilling advance distance 6 is not less than 20 m; otherwise, the drilling advance 6 is not less than 15 m.
When the stope face adopts a W-shaped ventilation mode, the waist lane 7 in the face 1 is also used as a return airway, and one lane is multipurpose.
When the face width H of the stope face 1 is large, or the maximum drilling depth L of a drilling machine which does not generate the phenomena of top drilling and drill embracing in a coal seam is small, so that the bedding drill hole I4 and the bedding drill hole II9 cannot completely cover the whole stope face 1, two or more than two waist roadways 7 need to be constructed in the stope face 1 for multiple progressive construction; in a plurality of progressive constructions, the number n of the galleries 7 depends on the value of the function y, y =1+ (H-L)/(L-H), the number n of the galleries 7 taking the value y when y is an integer, otherwise n takes the integer value y + 1.
The lengths of the bedding drill hole I4 and the bedding drill hole II9 are less than or equal to the maximum drilling depth of the drilling machine without the phenomena of top drilling and holding drilling, so that the phenomena of top drilling and holding drilling in the construction process of the bedding drill hole I4 and the bedding drill hole II9 are avoided.
The bedding drill hole I4 and the bedding drill hole II9 are arranged perpendicular to the deep machine air drift 2 or the waist drift 7, or are arranged in an oblique or fan-shaped mode.
The construction method is not only suitable for the bedding hydraulic cave-making pressure relief gas extraction technology, but also suitable for the bedding hydraulic seam cutting pressure relief gas extraction technology.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A progressive bedding hydraulic cave-making construction method for a stope face of a monocline coal seam is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1: arranging a stope face (1) along the trend of a monoclinic coal seam, and constructing a bedding drill hole I (4) from a deep machine air way (2) of the stope face (1) to a lower region (3) of the working face by adopting a drilling and punching integrated drilling machine; after the bedding drilling I (4) construction is finished, in the drill withdrawal process, high-pressure water jet is used as power, hydraulic cave making is carried out at intervals, so that a series of cylindrical cave making chambers I (5) are constructed in the lower area (3) of the working face, and regional unloading and permeability increasing of the coal bed in the lower area (3) of the working face are realized; because the bedding drill hole I (4) is an upward drill hole, a coal-water mixture generated in the hydraulic cave-making process can be discharged into the deep machine air way (2) of the stope face (1) along the bedding drill hole I (4) under the action of gravity;
s2: after hydraulic hole making is completed in the lower area (3) of the working face, a sieve tube is put into the bedding drill hole I (4) to efficiently seal the bedding drill hole I (4), so that pressure relief gas in the lower area (3) of the working face is extracted, and the outburst danger of the pressure relief gas is eliminated;
s3: under the premise of reserving a reasonable drilling advance distance (6), a waist roadway (7) is tunneled in the middle of the stope face (1);
s4: moving the drilling and punching integrated drilling machine into a waist roadway (7) in the middle of a stope working face (1), constructing bedding drilling holes II (9), carrying out bedding hydraulic hole making, constructing a hole making chamber II (10), and carrying out regional unloading and permeability increasing on an upper region (8) of the working face; because the bedding drill hole II (9) is also an upward drill hole, the coal-water mixture generated in the hydraulic cave-making process can be discharged into the waist lane (7) in the middle of the stope working face (1) under the action of gravity;
s5: and (3) a screen pipe is put into the bedding drill hole II (9), and the bedding drill hole II (9) is sealed, so that the pressure relief gas in the upper area (8) of the working face is further extracted, the outburst danger of the pressure relief gas is eliminated, and the gas extraction of the stope working face (1) is finished.
2. The progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the steps S2 and S5, a hole sealing method of 'two plugs and one injection' is adopted to seal the bedding drill hole I (4) and the bedding drill hole II (9).
3. The progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drilling advance distance (6) of the waist lane (7) is determined according to the inclination angle of the coal seam, and the drilling advance distance (6) is not less than 20 m for the inclined and steep coal seams; otherwise, the drilling advance distance (6) is not less than 15 m.
4. The progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the stope face (1) adopts a W-shaped ventilation mode, the waist lane (7) in the stope face (1) is also used as a return airway.
5. The progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the face width H of the stope face (1) is large, or the maximum drilling depth L of a drilling machine which does not generate the phenomena of top drilling and drill holding in a coal seam is small, so that the bedding drill hole I (4) and the bedding drill hole II (9) can not completely cover the whole stope face (1), two or more than two waist roadways (7) need to be constructed in the stope face (1) for multiple progressive construction; during multiple progressive constructions, the number n of the waist lanes (7) depends on the value of the function y, y =1+ (H-L)/(L-H), when y is an integer, the number n of the waist lanes (7) takes the value of y, otherwise n takes the integer value of y + 1.
6. The progressive bedding hydraulic cave construction method for the stope face of the monoclinic coal seam according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the lengths of the bedding drilling hole I (4) and the bedding drilling hole II (9) are less than or equal to the maximum drilling depth of the drilling machine without top drilling and holding drilling.
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