CN114082980A - 3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part - Google Patents
3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082980A CN114082980A CN202111397272.6A CN202111397272A CN114082980A CN 114082980 A CN114082980 A CN 114082980A CN 202111397272 A CN202111397272 A CN 202111397272A CN 114082980 A CN114082980 A CN 114082980A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides a process method for 3D printing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts, which comprises the following steps: s1: carrying out part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding thin-wall structural support; s2: confirming the placement position and the placement direction of the part, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software; s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the part; s4: after the 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the parts; s5: and cutting the part from the substrate, and removing the part support to obtain the thin-wall part, wherein the layer thickness of the printing parameters is 0.06 mm. The process method uses the 0.06mm layer thickness parameter to print the thin-wall aluminum alloy part, reduces the risk that a scraper touches the part in the printing process, has high printing success rate, is simple and convenient to support and remove, and has small part deformation, and meanwhile, the 0.06mm layer thickness parameter is used to print, so that the printing time is reduced and the processing period is shortened on the premise of ensuring the printing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a process method for 3D printing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts.
Background
In the aeronautical manufacturing field, because the advantage direction of lightweight and integration, the part of many thin wall complex structures has appeared, it is difficult to process to use traditional method, especially aeronautical manufacturing has the characteristics of many varieties of small batch, verification test often only needs a two parts, and the cycle is very short, on some research projects in advance, design scheme is constantly improved to all kinds of novel products need according to the assembly debugging condition, process various novel structures repeatedly, the production cycle of single small batch part is long, it wastes time and energy to need to carry out a series of processes such as die sinking, lead to product development cycle length, the product upgrading degree of difficulty is big, traditional processing mode is difficult to satisfy the development requirement.
With the rapid development of metal 3D printing technology at home and abroad, the 3D printing technology has a great application prospect in processing aluminum alloy thin-wall parts. The selective laser melting technology is a metal 3D printing technology which is widely applied at present, and has the advantages of capability of machining parts with complex structures, relatively short machining period and the like. The thickness of a conventional aluminum alloy 3D printing powder layer is 0.03mm, and both the processing precision and the mechanical property of the conventional aluminum alloy 3D printing powder layer exceed those of a conventional casting. However, the 3D printing part has large stress inside, the thin-wall complex structure has poor rigidity, and the parts are easy to deform and break in the printing process. If too much support is added, the support is difficult to remove, and the part is easy to deform when the support is removed.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new 3D printing method to improve the success rate and the processing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, improve the 3D printing success rate and the processing efficiency of the thin-wall aluminum alloy part, smoothly complete the 3D printing processing of the thin-wall aluminum alloy part, reduce the printing processing time, reduce the 3D printing failure rate and improve the 3D printing success rate and the processing efficiency on the premise of ensuring the 3D printing processing quality of the part.
The invention aims to provide a process method for 3D printing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts, which comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding thin-wall structural support;
s2: confirming the placing position and the placing direction of the part, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software;
s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the part;
s4: after the 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the parts;
s5: cutting the part from the substrate, removing the part support to obtain a thin-wall part,
wherein the layer thickness of the printing parameters is 0.06 mm.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the wall thickness range of the part of the thin-wall part is 0.8mm-2 mm.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the thin-wall structure support is a diamond-like carbon net support.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the diamond-like net support comprises a net structure arranged inside and a single-layer sheet structure arranged outside the net structure; the reticular structure is composed of a plurality of small cylinders; hexagonal hollow holes are formed in the sheet body structure.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the diameter of the cylinder is 0.8mm-1.2 mm; the length of the cylinder is 5mm-15 mm; the included angle between the column body and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the printing parameters comprise part internal printing parameters, part boundary printing parameters, part top printing parameters and supporting structure printing parameters; the internal printing parameters of the part are laser power of 500W and scanning speed of 600 mm/s; the printing parameters of the part boundary are laser power 600W and scanning speed 600 mm/s; the printing parameters at the top of the part are 350W of laser power and 600W/s of scanning speed; the printing parameters of the supporting structure are 370W of laser power, 3100mm/s of scanning speed, the temperature of the substrate is 60-80 ℃, a unidirectional powder spreading mode is adopted, and the movement speed of the scraper is 150-200 mm/s.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, has the characteristics that the powder spreading scraper is leveled to be not more than 0.03mm when the part is subjected to 3D printing, and aluminum alloy powder is used for 3D printing.
The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the heat treatment is carried out at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ for two hours, and then the aluminum alloy thin-wall part is taken out and cooled to room temperature by air.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part, the thin-wall aluminum alloy part is printed by using the 0.06mm layer thickness parameter, the risk that a scraper touches the part in the printing process is reduced, the printing success rate is high, the supporting and removing are simple and convenient, the part deformation is small, meanwhile, the printing is performed by using the 0.06mm layer thickness parameter, the printing time is reduced on the premise of ensuring the printing quality, and the processing period is shortened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1: the flow chart of the process method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2: the thin-wall part supporting design and the part placing schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3: the structure of the diamond net support in the process method provided by the embodiment of the invention is schematically shown.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are combined with the accompanying drawings to specifically describe the process method provided by the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing and simplifying the description of the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a process method for 3D printing an aluminum alloy thin-wall part comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding a thin-wall structure support:
the wall thickness range of the thin-wall part 1 is 0.8mm-2mm, when the thin-wall part is designed and supported, a diamond-like mesh supporting structure is adopted, a mesh structure 2 which is similar to a diamond unit cell structure and is formed by a plurality of small cylinders is supported inside, a single-layer sheet structure 3 is arranged outside, and hexagonal hollow holes are distributed in the sheet structure. The diameter of the support structure cylinder is 0.8mm-1.2mm, the inclination angle of the cylinder is 60-80 degrees, and the length of the cylinder is 5mm-15 mm;
s2: confirming the placing position and the placing direction of the part, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software:
when the thin-wall parts 1 are placed, the distance between the parts and the periphery of the substrate 4 is not less than 30 mm. When 3D printing parameters of the aluminum alloy are set, printing is carried out by adopting a 0.06mm layer thickness, the internal printing parameters of the part are 500W of laser power and 1400mm/s of scanning speed, the boundary printing parameters of the part are 600W of laser power and 600mm/s of scanning speed, the top printing parameters of the part are 350W of laser power and 600mm/s of scanning speed, the printing parameters of the supporting structure are 370W of laser power and 3100mm/s of scanning speed, the temperature of the substrate is set to be 60 ℃, a unidirectional powder spreading mode is adopted, the movement speed of a scraper is 150mm/s-200mm/s, and finally, equipment slicing software is used for generating a printing program;
s3: and (3) transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment, and performing 3D printing on the part:
firstly, a printing program is led into 3D printing equipment, then a powder spreading scraper of the 3D printing equipment is leveled within 0.03mm, high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999 percent is led into a processing cabin of the 3D printing equipment to be used as protective gas until the oxygen content in the processing cabin is less than 0.2 percent, then the temperature of a base plate of the equipment reaches 60 ℃, and after working conditions are reached, a part printing program is operated according to set parameters to carry out 3D printing processing;
s4: and (3) after the 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the parts:
after printing, taking the substrate and the parts out of the equipment, carrying out heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment parameters of the parts are 260-280 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, taking out and air-cooling to room temperature;
s5: and cutting the part from the substrate, and removing the part support to obtain the thin-wall part. The thin-walled parts obtained by printing the thin-walled parts using the prior art 0.03 layer thickness parameter for 3D printing as a control were tested with the thin-walled parts obtained in the above examples, with the following test results:
in conclusion, the thin-wall shell processed by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the size precision reaches 0.2mm, the surface roughness reaches 8 microns, the tensile strength of the mechanical properties is 320-350 MPa, the yield strength is 200-225 MPa, and compared with a part processed by adopting 0.03mm parameters, the processing quality of the part is equivalent, the printing processing time is saved by 30%, the printing success rate is improved from 50% to 90%, and the production efficiency is greatly improved while the risk of printing failure is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A3D printing process method of an aluminum alloy thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: carrying out part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding thin-wall structural support;
s2: confirming the placement position and the placement direction of the part, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software;
s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the part;
s4: after the 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the part;
s5: cutting the part from the substrate, removing the part support to obtain a thin-wall part,
wherein the layer thickness of the printing parameters is 0.06 mm.
2. The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the part wall thickness of the thin-wall part is in a range of 0.8mm to 2 mm.
3. The 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-walled part process method of claim 1, wherein the thin-walled structural support is a diamond-like mesh support.
4. The 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diamond-like mesh support comprises a mesh structure arranged inside and a single-layer sheet structure arranged outside the mesh structure; the reticular structure is composed of a plurality of small cylinders; hexagonal hollow holes are formed in the sheet body structure.
5. The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cylinder diameter is 0.8mm to 1.2 mm; the length of the cylinder is 5mm-15 mm; the included angle between the column body and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees.
6. The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the printing parameters comprise part internal printing parameters, part boundary printing parameters, part top printing parameters and support structure printing parameters; the internal printing parameters of the part are 500W of laser power and 600mm/s of scanning speed; the printing parameters of the part boundary are laser power 600W and scanning speed 600 mm/s; the printing parameters at the top of the part are 350W of laser power and 600W/s of scanning speed; the printing parameters of the supporting structure are 370W of laser power, 3100mm/s of scanning speed, the temperature of the substrate is 60-80 ℃, a unidirectional powder spreading mode is adopted, and the movement speed of the scraper is 150-200 mm/s.
7. The 3D printing process method for the aluminum alloy thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein a powder spreading scraper during 3D printing of the part is leveled to be not more than 0.03mm, and 3D printing is performed by using aluminum alloy powder.
8. The process method for 3D printing the aluminum alloy thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at 260-280 ℃ for two hours, and then the aluminum alloy thin-wall part is taken out and cooled to room temperature.
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| CN114713851B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-04-05 | 青岛中科睿航航空科技有限公司 | Method for 3D printing of thin-walled workpiece |
| CN115475958A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Flame tube manufacturing method based on laser powder bed melting additive manufacturing technology |
| CN115780828A (en) * | 2022-11-20 | 2023-03-14 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Process method for improving 3D printing success rate of aluminum alloy hollow grid |
| CN115780828B (en) * | 2022-11-20 | 2024-04-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Technological method for improving 3D printing success rate of aluminum alloy hollowed-out grid |
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