CN114082980B - 3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part - Google Patents
3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082980B CN114082980B CN202111397272.6A CN202111397272A CN114082980B CN 114082980 B CN114082980 B CN 114082980B CN 202111397272 A CN202111397272 A CN 202111397272A CN 114082980 B CN114082980 B CN 114082980B
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method, which comprises the following steps: s1: performing part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding a thin-wall structural support; s2: confirming the placement position and direction of the parts, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software; s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the parts; s4: after 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the part; s5: and cutting the part from the substrate, and removing the part support to obtain the thin-wall part, wherein the thickness of the layer of the printing parameter is 0.06mm. According to the process method, printing of the thin-wall aluminum alloy part is performed by using the layer thickness parameter of 0.06mm, the risk that a scraper touches the part in the printing process is reduced, the printing success rate is high, the support and the removal are simple and convenient, the deformation of the part is small, meanwhile, printing is performed by using the layer thickness parameter of 0.06mm, the printing time is shortened, and the processing period is shortened on the premise of ensuring the printing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a process method for 3D printing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts.
Background
In the field of aviation manufacturing, because the advantage direction of lightweight and integration has appeared many parts of thin wall complex structure, use traditional method to hardly process, especially aviation manufacturing has the characteristics of little batch many varieties, verification test often only needs two parts, and the cycle is very short moreover, on some preliminary study projects, various novel products need to be according to the continuous improvement design scheme of assembly debugging condition, process various novel structures repeatedly, the production cycle of single little batch part is long, need to carry out a series of processes such as die sinking and waste time and energy, lead to the product research and development cycle long, the product upgrade degree of difficulty is big, traditional processing mode is difficult to satisfy the development requirement.
With the rapid development of domestic and foreign metal 3D printing technology, the processing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts by using the 3D printing technology has a great application prospect. The laser selective melting technology is a metal 3D printing technology which is widely applied at present, and has the advantages of being capable of processing parts with complex structures, relatively short in processing period and the like. The thickness of the conventional aluminum alloy 3D printing powder spreading layer is 0.03mm, and the processing precision and mechanical property can exceed those of conventional castings. However, because the 3D printing part has larger stress inside, the thin-wall complex structure is poor in self rigidity, and the part is easy to deform, break and the like in the printing process. If too much support is added, the support is difficult to remove, and the part is easy to deform when the support is removed.
Therefore, a new 3D printing method is required to improve the success rate and the processing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, so as to improve the 3D printing success rate and the processing efficiency of the thin-wall aluminum alloy part, smoothly finish the 3D printing processing of the thin-wall aluminum alloy part, reduce the printing processing time, reduce the 3D printing failure rate and improve the 3D printing success rate and the processing efficiency on the premise of ensuring the 3D printing processing quality of the part.
The invention aims at providing a 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: performing part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding a thin-wall structural support;
s2: confirming the placement position and direction of the parts, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software;
s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the parts;
s4: after 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the part;
s5: cutting the part from the substrate, removing the part support to obtain a thin-wall part,
wherein the layer thickness of the printing parameters is 0.06mm.
The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part provided by the invention also has the characteristic that the part wall thickness range of the thin-wall part is 0.8mm-2mm.
The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part provided by the invention also has the characteristic that the thin-wall structural support is a diamond-like net support.
The 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the diamond-like carbon net support comprises a net structure arranged inside and a single-layer sheet body structure arranged outside the net structure; the net structure is formed by a plurality of small columns; the sheet body structure is provided with hexagonal hollowed-out holes.
The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the diameter of the column body is 0.8mm-1.2mm; the length of the column body is 5mm-15mm; the included angle between the column body and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees.
The 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the printing parameters comprise part internal printing parameters, part boundary printing parameters, part top printing parameters and supporting structure printing parameters; the internal printing parameters of the part are laser power 500W and scanning speed 600mm/s; the printing parameters of the boundary of the part are 600W of laser power and 600mm/s of scanning speed; the printing parameters at the top of the part are laser power 350W and scanning speed 600W/s; the printing parameters of the supporting structure are laser power 370W, scanning speed 3100mm/s, substrate temperature is 60-80 ℃, unidirectional powder spreading mode is adopted, and scraper moving speed is 150-200 mm/s.
The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part provided by the invention has the characteristics that the powder spreading scraper is leveled to be not more than 0.03mm during 3D printing of the part, and 3D printing is performed by using aluminum alloy powder.
The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the heat treatment is carried out by taking out the aluminum alloy thin-wall part after heat preservation for two hours at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ and then cooling the aluminum alloy thin-wall part to the room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the process method for printing the aluminum alloy thin-wall part in the 3D mode, the thin-wall aluminum alloy part is printed by using the layer thickness parameter of 0.06mm, the risk that a scraper touches the part in the printing process is reduced, the printing success rate is high, the support is easy and convenient to remove, the deformation of the part is small, meanwhile, the printing is performed by using the layer thickness parameter of 0.06mm, the printing time is shortened, and the processing period is shortened on the premise that the printing quality is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1: the embodiment of the invention provides a flow chart of a process method;
fig. 2: the thin-wall part supporting design and the part placement schematic diagram are provided in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3: the embodiment of the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a diamond net support in a process method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purposes and the effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically describe the process method provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
1-3, a 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall part process method comprises the following steps:
s1: performing part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding a thin-wall structural support:
the thin-wall part 1 has a wall thickness ranging from 0.8mm to 2mm, adopts a diamond-like carbon net-shaped supporting structure when in design supporting, supports a net-shaped structure 2 which is formed by a plurality of small columns and is similar to a diamond unit cell structure, and has a single-layer lamellar structure 3 outside, wherein hexagonal hollowed holes are distributed on the lamellar structure. The diameter of the supporting structure column is 0.8-1.2 mm, the inclination angle of the column is 60-80 degrees, and the length of the column is 5-15 mm;
s2: confirming the placement position and direction of the parts, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software:
when the thin-wall part 1 is placed, the peripheral distance between the part and the substrate 4 is not less than 30mm. When the 3D printing parameters of the aluminum alloy are set, printing is carried out by adopting a layer thickness of 0.06mm, the internal printing parameters of the part are laser power 500W and scanning speed 1400mm/s, the boundary printing parameters of the part are laser power 600W and scanning speed 600mm/s, the top printing parameters of the part are laser power 350W and scanning speed 600mm/s, the printing parameters of the supporting structure are laser power 370W and scanning speed 3100mm/s, the temperature of the substrate is set to 60 ℃, a unidirectional powder paving mode is adopted, the movement speed of the scraper is 150-200 mm/s, and finally equipment slicing software is used for generating a printing program;
s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment for 3D printing of the parts:
firstly, leading a printing program into 3D printing equipment, leveling a powder paving scraper of the 3D printing equipment within 0.03mm, introducing high-purity argon with the purity of 99.999% into a processing cabin of the 3D printing equipment as protective gas until the oxygen content in the processing cabin is less than 0.2%, then waiting for the temperature of a base plate of the equipment to reach 60 ℃, and running a part printing program according to set parameters to perform 3D printing processing after the working condition is reached;
s4: after 3D printing is finished, heat treatment is carried out on the substrate and the parts:
after printing, taking the substrate and the part out of the equipment, performing heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment parameters of the part are 260-280 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out, and cooling to room temperature;
s5: and cutting the part from the substrate, and removing the part support to obtain the thin-wall part. 3D printing is carried out by using the layer thickness parameter of 0.03 in the prior art as a comparison group, printing is carried out on the thin-wall part, and the obtained thin-wall part and the thin-wall part obtained in the embodiment are tested, wherein the test results are shown in the following table:
in summary, the thin-wall shell processed by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment has the dimensional accuracy reaching 0.2mm, the surface roughness reaching 8 mu m, the mechanical tensile strength of 320-350 MPa, the yield strength of 200-225 MPa, and compared with the part processed by adopting the parameter of 0.03mm, the processing quality of the part is equivalent, the printing processing time is saved by 30%, the printing success rate is improved from 50% to 90%, and the production efficiency is greatly improved while the printing failure risk is reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The process method for 3D printing of the aluminum alloy thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: performing part modeling and three-dimensional model data processing, and adding a thin-wall structural support;
s2: confirming the placement position and direction of the parts, setting printing parameters, and generating a printing program through slicing software;
s3: transmitting the printing program to 3D printing equipment to perform 3D printing on the parts;
s4: after 3D printing is finished, carrying out heat treatment on the substrate and the part;
s5: cutting the part from the substrate, removing the part support to obtain a thin-wall part,
wherein the layer thickness of the printing parameters is 0.06mm,
the thin-wall structural support is a diamond-like carbon net support, the diamond-like carbon net support comprises a net structure arranged inside, the net structure is composed of a plurality of small cylinders, and the diameter of each cylinder is 0.8-1.2 mm; the length of the column body is 5mm-15mm; the included angle between the column body and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees,
the diamond-like carbon net support comprises a single-layer sheet body structure arranged outside the net structure; the sheet body structure is provided with a hexagonal hollow hole,
the printing parameters comprise part internal printing parameters, part boundary printing parameters, part top printing parameters and supporting structure printing parameters; the internal printing parameters of the part are laser power 500W and scanning speed 600mm/s; the printing parameters of the boundary of the part are 600W of laser power and 600mm/s of scanning speed; the printing parameters at the top of the part are laser power 350W and scanning speed 600W/s; the printing parameters of the supporting structure are laser power 370W, scanning speed 3100mm/s, substrate temperature is 60-80 ℃, unidirectional powder spreading mode is adopted, and scraper moving speed is 150-200 mm/s.
2. The process for 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the part wall thickness of the thin-wall parts ranges from 0.8mm to 2mm.
3. The process for 3D printing of aluminum alloy thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the powder spreading scraper is leveled to be not more than 0.03mm during 3D printing of the parts, and aluminum alloy powder is used for 3D printing.
4. The process for 3D printing aluminum alloy thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at 260-280 ℃ for two hours, and then the aluminum alloy thin-wall parts are taken out for air cooling to room temperature.
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| CN202111397272.6A CN114082980B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | 3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part |
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| CN202111397272.6A CN114082980B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | 3D printing process method for aluminum alloy thin-wall part |
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| CN114713851B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-04-05 | 青岛中科睿航航空科技有限公司 | Method for 3D printing of thin-walled workpiece |
| CN115475958A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Flame tube manufacturing method based on laser powder bed melting additive manufacturing technology |
| CN115780828B (en) * | 2022-11-20 | 2024-04-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Technological method for improving 3D printing success rate of aluminum alloy hollowed-out grid |
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