CN1903477A - Hot press-forging formation method for magnesium alloy thin shells, and special mould therefor - Google Patents

Hot press-forging formation method for magnesium alloy thin shells, and special mould therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1903477A
CN1903477A CN 200510046938 CN200510046938A CN1903477A CN 1903477 A CN1903477 A CN 1903477A CN 200510046938 CN200510046938 CN 200510046938 CN 200510046938 A CN200510046938 A CN 200510046938A CN 1903477 A CN1903477 A CN 1903477A
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punch
magnesium alloy
die
hot press
formation method
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CN100391647C (en
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李章刚
张士宏
徐永超
王忠堂
郑文涛
任丽梅
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

A thermal impact forging method for forming the thin Mg-alloy casing used by MP3 reproducer, mobile telephone, PDA, digital camera, etc includes such steps as providing Mg-alloy blank (1.5-6 mm in thickness), heating die set to 200-400 deg.C, heating blank to 250-450 deg.C, coating lubricant on said blank, putting the blank in female die, and moving the male die downward for compact forging. Its dedicated die set is also disclosed.

Description

Magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method and particular manufacturing craft thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnesium alloy plastic working production technology, particularly a kind of have than complex geometry profile the magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method and the particular manufacturing craft thereof of (as having screw column, reinforcement etc.).
Background technology
3C Products such as computer, communication product, consumer electronics were propagated its belief on a large scale in recent years, and these type of article often must have portability.The structural material of present most of portable product is still based on engineering plastic, though its performance can satisfy the demand (as: it is easy etc. that intensity is enough, light weight, low cost, easy to manufacture, peripheral manufacturer cooperate) of portable product structure usually, but along with the continuous development of social demand, various plastic materials have begun can not meet the demands gradually at structural rigidity, thermal diffusivity etc.Particularly higher to the requirement of product material characteristic, as Electromagnetic Interference shielding, recuperability etc., traditional plastic material can't satisfy these demands.Magnesium is structural metallic material the lightest in the industry, and its density only is 1.74g/cm.Magnesium and magnesium alloy have some attracting character: good thermal conductivity, electric conductivity and capability of electromagnetic shielding; High specific strength, specific stiffness and damping performance; The excellent processing manufacturability energy as advantages of good casting, machining property, and has good welding performance under protective atmosphere.The aboundresources of magnesium, under the pressure of current increasingly serious energy and environment, magnesium alloy is easy to reclaim and helps characteristics such as environmental protection it is caught people's attention.Therefore for the high-tech product of pursuing light, thin, short, little and environmental protection, magnesium alloy will be one of the most popular metal material in this century, be expected to obtain significant progress.
At present, magnesium-alloy material mainly adopts die-casting technique processing, but die casting still has that many shortcomings that can't overcome are slow such as speed of production, acceptance rate is low, surface hole defect etc.Compare with cast magnesium alloy, wrought magnesium alloy is thinner organizationally, more even on the composition, inside is finer and close, therefore wrought magnesium alloy has high strength and high-elongation than cast magnesium alloy, and plastic working has that surface quality is good, speed of production fast, the acceptance rate advantages of higher, therefore develops the magnesium alloy Technology of Plastic Processing and is and demand the work carried out at present urgently.
Common magnesium alloy plastic processing method, as punching press, complicated geometric shape can't be shaped.Usually all have complicated parts such as the screw hole of projection and reinforcement in the 3C Product thin shell piece, screw hole can be used to connect lower casing, and LCD and other electron component also can be installed; Reinforcement can improve the rigidity of thin shell piece.These positions then can't be shaped in modes such as punching presses.And adopt hot impact forging technology to carry out this type of thin shell piece processing is a kind of effective method of shape.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method and particular manufacturing craft thereof, solves the shaping problem of complicated geometric shape, can obtain stock utilization height, magnesium alloy shell spare that surface quality is good.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method, concrete processing step is:
(1) with mold heated to 200~400 ℃;
(2) with thick be 1.5mm~6mm blank, be heated to 250~450 ℃;
(3) blank is coated lubricant;
(4) blank is put into die, punch moves downward, and speed is 10~500 mm/second.
After impact forging finishes, from mould, take out drip molding, after the cooling, cut edge, cut unnecessary limit portion.Carry out machined then, comprise boring, cutting etc.Carry out surface treatment and spraying at last, finish the manufacturing of finished product.
The particular manufacturing craft that is adopted mainly comprises: cope match-plate pattern, die backing plate, move back piece, die, core bar, punch, punch retainer, lower bolster.Wherein: die is put on the die backing plate, moves back piece and core bar is put into die, with screw and shop bolt die and die backing plate is fixed on the lower bolster, and punch is installed on punch retainer, is fixed in cope match-plate pattern with screw and shop bolt.The principal character of mould is: punch has screw column, reinforcement corresponding screw column hole and the reinforcement groove with thin shell piece, the punch side has punch constraint wall, the sidewall of the corresponding thin shell piece of difference, punch constraint wall wall thickness is identical with the thin shell piece sidewall thickness, punch constraint wall bottom surface length is less than the thin shell piece sidewall length of correspondence, and formation can be held the spout of excess metal.
Described punch constraint wall bottom surface length accounts for 4/5~9/10 of pairing thin shell piece sidewall length.
Described mould is equipped with heating, attemperator; Radially be distributed with the heating rod hole in the die, heating rod places in the heating rod hole.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
The lattice of magnesium is that close-packed hexagonal lattice is arranged, and { 0001} produces slippage, so easy embrittlement under the magnesium alloy normal temperature to have only basal plane under the room temperature; { 1011} produces slippage to first kind pyramidal plane in the time of more than 200 ℃, and plasticity greatly improves; { 1012} also may produce slippage to the second class pyramidal plane in the time of more than 225 ℃, and plasticity improves bigger.Therefore necessary rising temperature to produce new deformation mechanism, just is enough to make material deformation easy.And the plastic deformation under higher temperature, dynamic recrystallization can take place, energy crystal grain thinning, raising mechanical performance.Under the higher temperature, the required tonnage of impact forging is more much lower than tonnage required under the lower temperature; But if material temperature is higher than 450 ℃, can cause grain growth, reduce mechanical performance.So the magnesium alloy blank temperature need be controlled well, generally at 250~450 ℃.
Good lubricating condition can be beneficial to flowing of magnesium alloy materials, effectively reduces die wear, and the required tonnage of reduction equipment improves surface quality of products.Die inwall, core bar working surface and punch working position need carry out polishing.The magnesium alloy blank surface is carried out polishing.Before impact forging, blank surface will evenly be coated with and spread lubricant, and lubricant can adopt liquid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or molybdenum bisuphide or graphite.
Magnesium alloy mobile bad, such as the thin shell piece for shape such as square box, the forming height opposing sidewalls middle part, four corners of sidewall is much lower.At the flow behavior of magnesium alloy, reasonably design the punch shape and can effectively improve the forming height in four corners, make the sidewall height even, reduce trimming allowance, save blank.
Major advantage of the present invention:
1, the present invention improves the punch geometric shape, increases constraint wall and spout, make the thin shell piece sidewall smooth, highly evenly, the side cut amount less, save blank.
2, the thin-wall part geometric shape that is shaped of the present invention is complicated, can have screw column, reinforcement etc., and convenient upper and lower shell connects, and is easy to install parts such as the wiring board of electronic product inside and LCD, has improved product rigidity, and the thin shell piece of production is applicable to 3C Product.
3, shell wall thickness of the present invention, thickness can reach 0.5~0.8mm, meets light, thin, short, the little characteristics of 3C Product requirement.
4, the present invention is by the magnesium alloy shell spare of the manner shaping, and surface quality is good, simplifies follow-up surface treatment process.
5, the present invention processes under reasonable technological parameter, can obtain tiny crystal grain, and mechanical performance of products is higher than the product that alternate manner is shaped.
Description of drawings
The hot impact forging particular manufacturing craft of the magnesium alloy section of structure that Fig. 1 adopts when specifically implementing for the present invention.
Fig. 2 a-b is a die profile of the present invention.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is a front view; Fig. 2 b is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 2 a.
The typical products figure of Fig. 3 for adopting the present invention to make.
Fig. 4 is for making the punch figure of product shown in Figure 3.
Among the figure, 1 lower bolster; 2 die backing plates; 3 move back piece; 4 dies; 5 core bars; 6 punch; 7 punch retainers; 8 cope match-plate patterns; 9 thin shell pieces; 10 screw columns; 11 reinforcements; 12 corners; 13 sidewalls; 14 heating rod holes; 15 screw column holes; 16 reinforcement grooves; 17 spouts; 18 constraint wall bottom surfaces; 19 punch constraint wall.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete enforcement the present invention is further detailed.
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a-b, the particular manufacturing craft that is adopted mainly comprises: lower bolster 1, die backing plate 2, move back piece 3, die 4, core bar 5, punch 6, punch retainer 7, cope match-plate pattern 8.Wherein: die 4 is put on the die backing plate 2, moves back piece 3 and core bar 5 is put into die 4, with screw and shop bolt die 4 and die backing plate 2 is fixed on the lower bolster 1.Punch 6 is installed on punch retainer 7, is fixed in cope match-plate pattern 8 with screw and shop bolt.
As shown in Figure 3, hot impact forging thin shell piece 9 inside have 10,1 reinforcements 11 of 4 screw columns.The preform thin shell piece is a square, and difficult point is: shell inside not only will be shaped screw column and reinforcement, and also four angles 12 of thin shell piece are difficult to be shaped.
(thickness is 1.5mm~6mm), and its area equates with preform thin shell piece bottom area, can just keep flat in the die to get the rolling or extrusion plate of magnesium alloy AZ31.According to the shape and the volume of preform thin shell piece finished product, by volume equal principle is suitably reserved surplus, accurately calculates the thickness of required blank.
Blank is carried out surface finish handle, put into heating furnace then and be heated to 250~450 ℃.Under this temperature, the plasticity of magnesium alloy is good, can effectively reduce equipment tonnage, the grain growth phenomenon can not take place simultaneously.
With mould and die preheating to 200~400 ℃, preferably maintain the temperature at more than 300 ℃.Blank is evenly smeared lubricant liquid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or molybdenum bisuphide or graphite, put into die 4 then, place on the core bar 5.Radially be distributed with 12 heating rod holes 14 in the die, heating rod is placed in the heating rod hole 14.Heating mould can guarantee that blank temperature is in required deformation temperature scope, shown in Fig. 2 a-b.
Punch 6 begins to move downward, and speed is 10mm/s~500mm/s, and the size that applies power is relevant with the thickness of punch sectional area, punch speed and finished product thin shell piece, greatly about 5~15 tons/centimetre 2.
The screw column 10 and the reinforcement 11 of corresponding preform thin shell piece 9, punch 6 has screw column hole 15 and reinforcement groove 16.Under punch 6 effects, 4 screw columns 10 and reinforcement 11 can be shaped.According to the plastic deformation characteristic of magnesium alloy, the forming height in the middle of the preform thin shell piece sidewall 13 is usually far above the forming height in four corners 12.For this reason, as shown in Figure 4, punch of the present invention has 4 punch constraint walls 19,4 sidewalls of corresponding preform thin shell piece respectively.Sidewall 13 as punch constraint wall 19 corresponding preform thin shell pieces.Punch constraint wall 19 can limit the forming height in the middle of the thin shell piece sidewall 13, effectively improves the forming height in four corners 12.When retraining 18 places, wall bottom surface as flowing to punch when the magnesium alloy materials distortion, punch constraint wall 19 continues limiting material upwards to flow, and to two side flow, flows to the corner, thereby has improved the forming height in four corners 12.Punch constraint wall bottom surface length is less than thin shell piece sidewall length, and described punch constraint wall bottom surface length accounts for 4/5~9/10 of pairing thin shell piece sidewall length.Can form spout 17 like this, unnecessary metal can flow out from spout 17.
Embodiment 1
Magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method, concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) with mold heated to 200 ℃;
(2) thickness is heated to 250 ℃ for 1.5mm sheet material;
(3) blank evenly is coated with spreads lubricant liquid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE);
(4) blank is put into die, punch moves downward speed and goes out hull shape spare for the 500mm/s impact forging.According to the size and dimension difference of drip molding, the size that punch is applied power is controlled at and is 5ton/cm 2~15ton/cm 2
Embodiment 2
Magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method, concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) with mold heated to 300 ℃;
(2) thickness is heated to 350 ℃ for 3mm sheet material;
(3) blank evenly is coated with spreads lubricant molybdenum bisuphide;
(4) blank is put into die, punch moves downward speed and goes out hull shape spare for the 100mm/s impact forging.According to the size and dimension difference of drip molding, the size that punch is applied power is controlled at and is 5ton/cm 2~15ton/cm 2
Embodiment 3
Magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method, concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) with mold heated to 400 ℃;
(2) thickness is heated to 450 ℃ for 6mm sheet material;
(3) blank evenly is coated with spreads lubricant graphite;
(4) blank is put into die, punch moves downward speed and goes out hull shape spare for the 10mm/s impact forging.According to the size and dimension difference of drip molding, the size that punch is applied power is controlled at and is 5ton/cm 2~15ton/cm 2
After impact forging finishes, from mould, take out drip molding, after the cooling, cut edge, cut unnecessary limit portion.Carry out machined then, comprise boring, cutting etc.Carry out surface treatment and spraying at last, finish the manufacturing of finished product.

Claims (9)

1, magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method, product be shaped as box-shaped casing, there is varied in thickness shell bottom interior wall part, has screw column, reinforcement etc., it is characterized in that concrete processing step is as follows:
(1) with mold heated to 200~400 ℃;
(2) with blank heating to 250~450 ℃;
(3) blank evenly is coated with spreads lubricant;
(4) blank is put into die, punch moves downward impact forging and goes out hull shape spare.
2, magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blank is cast panel, stripper plate or milled sheet, thickness is 1.5mm~6mm.
3, magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lubricant is liquid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or molybdenum bisuphide or graphite.
4, magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is 10~500mm/s that described punch moves downward speed.
5, magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the working portion on the described punch carries out polishing; The die inwall carries out polishing.
6, the used particular manufacturing craft of magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 1, comprise lower bolster (1), die backing plate (2), move back piece (3), die (4), core bar (5), punch (6), punch retainer (7), cope match-plate pattern (8), wherein: die (4) is put on the die backing plate (2), move back piece (3) and core bar (5) is put into die (4), die (4) and die backing plate (2) are fixed on the lower bolster (1), punch (6) is installed on punch retainer (7), punch (6) and punch retainer (7) are fixed in cope match-plate pattern (8), it is characterized in that: punch (6) has the screw column with thin shell piece, the corresponding screw column of reinforcement hole (15) and reinforcement groove (16), punch (6) side has punch constraint wall (19), the sidewall (13) of the corresponding thin shell piece of difference, punch constraint wall (19) wall thickness is identical with thin shell piece sidewall (13) thickness, punch constraint wall bottom surface length is less than thin shell piece sidewall (13) length of correspondence, and formation can be held the spout (17) of excess metal.
7, the used particular manufacturing craft of magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described punch constraint wall bottom surface length accounts for 4/5~9/10 of pairing thin shell piece sidewall length.
8, the used particular manufacturing craft of magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: mould is equipped with heating, attemperator.
9, the used particular manufacturing craft of magnesium alloy shell spare Hot press-forging formation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: radially be distributed with heating rod hole (14) in the described die (4), heating rod places in the heating rod hole.
CNB2005100469388A 2005-07-27 2005-07-27 Hot press-forging formation method for magnesium alloy thin shells, and special mould therefor Expired - Fee Related CN100391647C (en)

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CN102357632A (en) * 2011-08-03 2012-02-22 合肥金海康五金机械制造有限公司 High-deformation press forging forming process for complex structural aluminum alloy mobile phone shell with convex post
CN101850396B (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-04-18 中国科学院金属研究所 Two-stage press forging and forming method of metal thin shell piece with inward convex micro-structure
CN102513485A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-27 中国科学院金属研究所 Two-step heat press-forging molding method of magnesium alloy thin-wall element and molding die
CN102764841A (en) * 2012-07-19 2012-11-07 西北工业大学 Core mold and shaping method for shaping strip annular internal reinforced rib rotary body thin-wall part
CN103231002A (en) * 2013-04-19 2013-08-07 亚超特工业有限公司 Forging mould and molding method of metal casing applied to electronic device
TWI422443B (en) * 2010-02-03 2014-01-11 Kuo Chen Hung Magnesium fastener manufacturing method and magnesium fastener member thereof
CN103736894A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 中南大学 Isothermal forging die and forging technology thereof of magnesium alloy die forge piece of step type structure
CN107838351A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-27 杨晓艳 The processing molding method and purposes of a kind of magnesium alloy sheet
CN109127974A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-04 临沂高新区双航材料科技有限公司 A kind of forging method of helmet magnesium lithium-base alloy guide rail
CN110508743A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-29 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 Stock flange shaft forging technology
CN112916777A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-06-08 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Manufacturing method of high-formability magnesium alloy forging for spaceflight
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CN2511413Y (en) * 2001-09-04 2002-09-18 福光企业股份有限公司 Shockproof die for forge shaping apparatus
CN2805975Y (en) * 2005-07-27 2006-08-16 中国科学院金属研究所 Magnesium alloy thin-wall parts hot-impact forging forming die

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CN101850396B (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-04-18 中国科学院金属研究所 Two-stage press forging and forming method of metal thin shell piece with inward convex micro-structure
TWI422443B (en) * 2010-02-03 2014-01-11 Kuo Chen Hung Magnesium fastener manufacturing method and magnesium fastener member thereof
CN102357632A (en) * 2011-08-03 2012-02-22 合肥金海康五金机械制造有限公司 High-deformation press forging forming process for complex structural aluminum alloy mobile phone shell with convex post
CN102357632B (en) * 2011-08-03 2014-04-30 合肥金海康五金机械制造有限公司 High-deformation press forging forming process for A 5052-H32 aluminum alloy mobile phone shell with convex post
CN102513485A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-27 中国科学院金属研究所 Two-step heat press-forging molding method of magnesium alloy thin-wall element and molding die
CN102764841B (en) * 2012-07-19 2014-05-14 西北工业大学 Core mold and shaping method for shaping strip annular internal reinforced rib rotary body thin-wall part
CN102764841A (en) * 2012-07-19 2012-11-07 西北工业大学 Core mold and shaping method for shaping strip annular internal reinforced rib rotary body thin-wall part
CN103231002A (en) * 2013-04-19 2013-08-07 亚超特工业有限公司 Forging mould and molding method of metal casing applied to electronic device
CN103736894A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-23 中南大学 Isothermal forging die and forging technology thereof of magnesium alloy die forge piece of step type structure
CN107838351A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-27 杨晓艳 The processing molding method and purposes of a kind of magnesium alloy sheet
CN109127974A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-04 临沂高新区双航材料科技有限公司 A kind of forging method of helmet magnesium lithium-base alloy guide rail
CN110508743A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-29 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 Stock flange shaft forging technology
CN112916777A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-06-08 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Manufacturing method of high-formability magnesium alloy forging for spaceflight
CN113828722A (en) * 2021-09-05 2021-12-24 桂林理工大学 Design method of hard disk box body extrusion die
CN113828722B (en) * 2021-09-05 2023-05-30 桂林理工大学 Design method of hard disk box extrusion die

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